CN219330060U - Potato combine harvester - Google Patents

Potato combine harvester Download PDF

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Publication number
CN219330060U
CN219330060U CN202320624816.6U CN202320624816U CN219330060U CN 219330060 U CN219330060 U CN 219330060U CN 202320624816 U CN202320624816 U CN 202320624816U CN 219330060 U CN219330060 U CN 219330060U
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China
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shaft
conveying belt
potatoes
frame
screening
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石龙
杨军红
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Shaanxi Baolongfeng Machinery Research And Development Co ltd
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Shaanxi Baolongfeng Machinery Research And Development Co ltd
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    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
    • Y02P60/14—Measures for saving energy, e.g. in green houses

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Abstract

The utility model provides a potato combine harvester, comprising: the device comprises a frame, a travelling mechanism, a traction mechanism, an excavating mechanism, a rhizome separating mechanism, a soil shaking mechanism, a first screening mechanism, a second screening mechanism, a transmission mechanism and a collecting mechanism; the travelling mechanism is arranged at the first end of the frame; the traction mechanism is arranged at the upper part of the second end of the frame; the excavating mechanism is arranged at the lower part of the second end of the frame; the rhizome separating mechanism is arranged at the rear end of the excavating mechanism; the soil shaking mechanism is arranged at the bottom side of the rhizome separating mechanism; the front end of the first screening mechanism is positioned at the bottom side of the rear end of the soil shaking mechanism; the second screening mechanism is arranged inside the first screening mechanism; the transmission mechanism is sequentially connected with the excavating mechanism, the rhizome separating mechanism, the soil shaking mechanism, the second screening mechanism and the first screening mechanism; the collecting mechanism is connected with the first screening mechanism and the second screening mechanism respectively. The utility model solves the problems that in the prior art, the soil screening and separating effect of the potato harvester is poor and the potato is not screened.

Description

Potato combine harvester
Technical Field
The utility model relates to the technical field of harvesters, in particular to a potato combine harvester.
Background
At present, potato harvesters used in China are of four types, namely single-frame conveying sieve sheets, conveying sieve sheet and grating tooth combination type, grating tooth type and two-stage circulating hard suspension type. The single-frame conveying sieve-type potato harvester has the advantages that due to single-frame conveying, the conveying belt is overloaded during harvesting, the conveying belt is easy to break, the phenomenon that soil is separated from potatoes is generated, and the production is influenced and the production cost is increased as a result; the conveying sieve sheet and grid tooth combined potato harvester is technically improved compared with a single conveying sieve sheet, but due to the adoption of a longitudinal throwing structure, potatoes are not concentrated during harvesting, so that the labor capacity is increased, and the continuous operation is influenced; the grid tooth type potato excavator is only suitable for harvesting of ridge planting potato due to narrower working shovel width and low working efficiency; although the two-stage circulation hard suspension type potato harvester has newer breakthroughs in technology, the cost is increased too much, and the economic burden of farmers is increased. Meanwhile, the first transmission belt and the auxiliary transmission belt can rapidly separate potatoes from soil, but the adopted vibration wheels are synchronous with the transmission belt, the vibration amplitude is fixed, the adjustment is difficult, the vibration cannot be changed along with the change of the soil humidity, and certain difficulty is brought to popularization and use.
Disclosure of Invention
The utility model mainly aims to provide the potato combine harvester which has the advantages of reasonable design, simple structure, low manufacturing cost, convenient operation and good soil screening and separating effect, and at least solves the problems that the potato harvester in the prior art has poor soil screening and separating effect and the potatoes are not screened.
In order to achieve the above object, the present utility model provides a potato combine harvester comprising: the device comprises a frame, a travelling mechanism, a traction mechanism, an excavating mechanism, a rhizome separating mechanism, a soil shaking mechanism, a first screening mechanism, a second screening mechanism, a transmission mechanism and a collecting mechanism; the travelling mechanism is arranged at the first end of the frame and is used for enabling the frame to move; the traction mechanism is arranged at the upper part of the second end of the frame, and the external power mechanism drives the frame to move through the traction mechanism; the digging mechanism is arranged at the lower part of the second end of the frame, and the front end of the digging mechanism is used for being inserted into soil in the moving process of the frame so as to scoop out potatoes from the soil and collect the potatoes; the rhizome separating mechanism is arranged in the frame and positioned at the rear end of the excavating mechanism, and is used for separating and removing the rhizomes of the potatoes; the soil shaking mechanism is arranged in the frame and is positioned at the bottom side of the rhizome separating mechanism, and the front end of the soil shaking mechanism and the rhizome separating mechanism have a preset height difference so that potatoes separated from the rhizome fall onto the soil shaking mechanism from the rhizome separating mechanism; the soil shaking mechanism is used for removing soil attached to the surfaces of the potatoes; the first screening mechanism is arranged in the frame, the front end of the first screening mechanism is positioned at the bottom side of the rear end of the soil shaking mechanism, and the front end of the first screening mechanism and the rear end of the soil shaking mechanism have a preset height difference so that potatoes separated from soil fall onto the first screening mechanism from the soil shaking mechanism; the first screening mechanism is used for screening potatoes with a diameter larger than a first preset diameter; the second screening mechanism is arranged in the frame and is used for screening potatoes with a diameter larger than a second preset diameter; the external power mechanism is also used for sequentially connecting the digging mechanism, the rhizome separation mechanism, the soil shaking mechanism, the second screening mechanism and the first screening mechanism through the transmission mechanism so as to drive the digging mechanism, the rhizome separation mechanism, the soil shaking mechanism, the second screening mechanism and the first screening mechanism to operate; the collecting mechanism is arranged at the second end of the frame, is respectively connected with the outlet end of the first screening mechanism and the outlet end of the second screening mechanism, and is used for collecting potatoes with different preset diameters; wherein the first preset diameter is greater than the second preset diameter.
Further, the running mechanism comprises a supporting tire and a damping mechanism, the first ends of the supporting tire and the damping mechanism are rotatably connected, and the second ends of the damping mechanism are connected with the first end of the frame.
Further, the traction mechanism includes: a large bar, a traction hook and a traction frame; the two large bars are transversely arranged at the upper part of the second end of the frame at preset intervals; the traction hooks are arranged on two sides of the large bar; the traction frame is connected with the traction hook and is used for being connected with an external power mechanism to drive the rack to move.
Further, the excavating mechanism includes: the shovel head and the first conveying belt; the shovel head connecting plates are arranged at the two ends of the shovel head, and the shovel head is fixed at the lower part of the second end of the frame through the shovel head connecting plates; the shovel head is used for shoveling potatoes from soil; the first end of the first conveying belt is arranged at the rear end of the shovel head along a straight line; the transmission mechanism drives the first conveying belt to circularly rotate, and the first conveying belt is used for conveying the scooped potatoes into the rhizome separation mechanism.
Further, the rhizome separating mechanism includes: a separation roller and a separation fork; the separating roller is arranged between the rear end of the first conveyor belt and the front end of the soil shaking mechanism, and is driven by the transmission mechanism to circularly rotate along the direction opposite to the first conveyor belt; the handle end of the separating fork is fixedly connected with the upper part of the frame, and the tooth end of the separating fork extends downwards to a position between the separating roller and a gap at the rear end of the first conveying belt; the separating fork is used for allowing potatoes to pass through so as to fall on the soil shaking mechanism and blocking rhizome impurities on the front side of the separating fork; the separating roller is used for taking the rhizome sundries which are remained at the front side of the separating fork to the lower part of the inner part of the frame and falling on the ground.
Further, tremble native mechanism includes: a second conveyor belt and a first oscillating axle; a preset height difference is arranged between the front end of the second conveyor belt and the separating roller; the transmission mechanism is connected with the second conveying belt to drive the second conveying belt to circularly rotate; the second conveying belt is used for receiving and conveying the potatoes separated by the rhizome separating mechanism; the first vibrating shaft is arranged in the middle section of the interior of the second conveying belt, and a first diagonal vibrating wheel is arranged on the first vibrating shaft; the first vibrating shaft is driven to rotate by the transmission mechanism, and the first diagonal vibrating wheel is driven to rotate along with the first vibrating shaft in a linkage manner, so that the second conveying belt can vibrate in an up-down circulating manner to separate soil from potatoes.
Further, a third conveyer belt is arranged on the first screening mechanism, a gap with a first preset diameter is formed on the third conveyer belt so as to transport potatoes with a diameter larger than the first preset diameter, a fourth conveyer belt is arranged on the second screening mechanism, and the fourth conveyer belt is arranged at the bottom side of the third conveyer belt so as to transport potatoes with a diameter smaller than the first preset diameter, which fall from the gap of the third conveyer belt; the fourth conveying belt is provided with a gap with a second preset diameter so as to convey and screen potatoes with a diameter larger than the second preset diameter; a second vibrating shaft is arranged in the middle section of the interior of the fourth conveying belt, and a second diagonal vibrating wheel is arranged on the second vibrating shaft; the second vibrating shaft is driven to rotate by the transmission mechanism, and the second diagonal vibrating wheel is driven to rotate along with the second vibrating shaft in a linkage manner, so that the fourth conveying belt generates up-and-down circulating vibration to separate soil from potatoes.
Further, the transmission mechanism includes: the first transmission mechanism, the second transmission mechanism, the third transmission mechanism, the fourth transmission mechanism and the fifth transmission mechanism; the first transmission mechanism is arranged on the traction mechanism and comprises a gearbox, a power output shaft and a universal transmission shaft, and the gearbox is arranged on a supporting structure between two large bars; the power output shaft is arranged on the gearbox; the first end of the universal transmission shaft is connected with the power end of the external power mechanism, and the second end of the universal transmission shaft is connected with the gearbox to drive the power output shaft to rotate; the first transmission mechanism is used for providing initial power for the transmission mechanism by utilizing the external power mechanism; the second transmission mechanism is arranged on the excavating mechanism and the rhizome separating mechanism and comprises a first driving large shaft, a first double-tooth chain wheel and a first eight-tooth driven wheel, and the first driving large shaft is arranged at the second end of the first conveying belt; the first driving large shaft is driven by the power output shaft to rotate through a chain wheel and a transmission chain; the first double-tooth chain wheel is arranged on the first driving large shaft; the first end of the first double-tooth chain wheel is connected with a reverse chain wheel on the separating roller through a chain to enable the separating roller to rotate in the reverse direction with the circulation of the first conveying belt; the first eight-tooth driven wheels are uniformly arranged on the first driving large shaft at intervals, and rotate along with the first driving large shaft to drive the first conveying belt to rotate in a circulating way; the second transmission mechanism is used for driving the excavating mechanism and the rhizome separating mechanism; the third transmission mechanism is arranged on the soil shaking mechanism and comprises a second driving large shaft, a second double-tooth chain wheel and a second eight-tooth driven wheel, and the second driving large shaft is arranged at the second end of the second conveying belt; the second double-tooth chain wheel is arranged on the second driving large shaft; the second end of the first double-tooth chain wheel is connected with the chain wheel on the first vibration shaft and the first end of the second double-tooth chain wheel by a chain to enable the second driving large shaft to rotate; the first vibrating shaft is driven to rotate by the first driving large shaft, and the first diagonal vibrating wheel is driven to rotate along with the vibrating shaft; the second eight-tooth driven wheel is arranged on the second driving large shaft and rotates along with the second driving large shaft to drive the second conveying belt to circularly rotate; the third transmission mechanism is used for driving the soil shaking mechanism; the fourth transmission mechanism is arranged on the second screening mechanism and comprises a third driving large shaft, a third double-tooth chain wheel and a third eight-tooth driven wheel, and the third driving large shaft is arranged at the second end of the fourth conveying belt; the third double-tooth chain wheel is arranged on the third driving large shaft; the second end of the second double-tooth chain wheel is connected with the chain wheel on the second vibration shaft and the first end of the third double-tooth chain wheel by a chain to enable the third driving large shaft to rotate; the third eight-tooth driven wheel is arranged on the third driving large shaft and rotates along with the third driving large shaft to drive the fourth conveying belt to circularly rotate; the fourth transmission mechanism is used for driving the second screening mechanism; the fifth transmission mechanism is arranged on the first screening mechanism and comprises a fourth driving large shaft, a fourth eight-tooth driven wheel and a separation front shaft, and the fourth driving large shaft is arranged at the outlet end of the third conveying belt; the fourth driving large shaft is driven to rotate by the second end of the third double-tooth chain wheel and the transmission chain; the fourth eight-tooth driven wheel is arranged on the fourth driving large shaft and rotates along with the fourth driving large shaft to drive the third conveying belt to circularly rotate; the separation front shaft is arranged at the inlet end of the third conveying belt; the separation front shaft and the fourth driving large shaft are used for supporting the third conveying belt; the fifth transmission mechanism is used for driving the first screening mechanism.
Further, the collection mechanism includes: the device comprises a first collecting box, a second collecting box, a side outlet shaft and a collecting box baffle; the first collecting box is connected with the outlet end of the third conveyer belt; the first collecting box is used for receiving potatoes with a first preset diameter; the second collecting box is connected with the second end of the fourth conveying belt; the second collecting box is used for receiving potatoes with a second preset diameter; the plurality of side output shafts are respectively arranged at the bottom of the first collecting box and the bottom of the second collecting box, a plurality of driving wheels are respectively arranged at the first end and the middle section of each side output shaft, a side output conveying belt is arranged on each driving wheel, a hydraulic motor is arranged at the second end of each side output shaft, and a hydraulic oil pipe is arranged on each hydraulic motor; the collecting box baffle plate is arranged at the upper part of the side surface of the first collecting box and the upper part of the side surface of the second collecting box; the collecting box baffle is opposite to the transportation direction of the side-out conveyer belt.
Further, the second conveyer belt and the fourth conveyer belt are both provided with adjusting arms, the adjusting arms are provided with dragging wheels, and the dragging wheels are rotated to corresponding adjusting holes in the frame for adjusting the heights of the second conveyer belt and the fourth conveyer belt so as to change the oscillation frequencies of the first oscillating shaft and the second oscillating shaft.
The potato combine harvester according to the technical scheme of the utility model comprises: the device comprises a frame, a travelling mechanism, a traction mechanism, an excavating mechanism, a rhizome separating mechanism, a soil shaking mechanism, a first screening mechanism, a second screening mechanism, a transmission mechanism and a collecting mechanism; the travelling mechanism is arranged at the first end of the frame and is used for enabling the frame to move; the traction mechanism is arranged at the upper part of the second end of the frame, and the external power mechanism drives the frame to move through the traction mechanism; the digging mechanism is arranged at the lower part of the second end of the frame, and the front end of the digging mechanism is used for being inserted into soil in the moving process of the frame so as to scoop out potatoes from the soil and collect the potatoes; the rhizome separating mechanism is arranged in the frame and positioned at the rear end of the excavating mechanism, and is used for separating and removing the rhizomes of the potatoes; the soil shaking mechanism is arranged in the frame and is positioned at the bottom side of the rhizome separating mechanism, and the front end of the soil shaking mechanism and the rhizome separating mechanism have a preset height difference so that potatoes separated from the rhizome fall onto the soil shaking mechanism from the rhizome separating mechanism; the soil shaking mechanism is used for removing soil attached to the surfaces of the potatoes; the first screening mechanism is arranged in the frame, the front end of the first screening mechanism is positioned at the bottom side of the rear end of the soil shaking mechanism, and the front end of the first screening mechanism and the rear end of the soil shaking mechanism have a preset height difference so that potatoes separated from soil fall onto the first screening mechanism from the soil shaking mechanism; the first screening mechanism is used for screening potatoes with a diameter larger than a first preset diameter; the second screening mechanism is arranged in the frame and is used for screening potatoes with a diameter larger than a second preset diameter; the external power mechanism is also used for sequentially connecting the digging mechanism, the rhizome separation mechanism, the soil shaking mechanism, the second screening mechanism and the first screening mechanism through the transmission mechanism so as to drive the digging mechanism, the rhizome separation mechanism, the soil shaking mechanism, the second screening mechanism and the first screening mechanism to operate; the collecting mechanism is arranged at the second end of the frame, is respectively connected with the outlet end of the first screening mechanism and the outlet end of the second screening mechanism, and is used for collecting potatoes with different preset diameters; wherein the first preset diameter is greater than the second preset diameter. The utility model has reasonable design, simple structure, low manufacturing cost, convenient operation and good soil screening and separating effect, can effectively separate potatoes from rhizomes completely, and can separate potatoes with different sizes through the screening mechanism to carry out classification screening and finally enter respective harvesting boxes. Thereby greatly reducing the cost of manual production and effectively improving the working efficiency; solves the problems of poor soil screening and separating effect and no screening of potatoes in the potato harvester in the prior art.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the utility model and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the utility model and together with the description serve to explain the utility model. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of an alternative potato combine harvester according to an embodiment of the utility model;
fig. 2 is a detailed structural schematic diagram of an alternative potato combine harvester according to an embodiment of the utility model.
Wherein the above figures include the following reference numerals:
10. a frame; 20. a walking mechanism; 21. supporting the tire; 22. a damping mechanism; 30. a traction mechanism; 31. a large bar; 32. traction hook; 33. a traction frame; 40. an excavating mechanism; 41. a shovel head; 42. a shovel head connecting plate; 43. a first conveyor belt; 50. a rhizome separation mechanism; 51. a separation roller; 52. a separation fork; 60. a soil shaking mechanism; 61. a second conveyor belt; 62. a first vibration axis; 63. a first diagonal vibrating wheel; 70. a first screening mechanism; 80. a second screening mechanism; 90. a transmission mechanism; 91. a first transmission mechanism; 911. a gearbox; 912. a power output shaft; 913. a universal drive shaft; 92. a second transmission mechanism; 921. a first drive large shaft; 922. a first double-toothed sprocket; 923. a first eight-tooth driven wheel; 93. a third transmission mechanism; 931. a second drive large shaft; 932. a second double-toothed sprocket; 933. a second eight-tooth driven wheel; 94. a fourth transmission mechanism; 941. a third driving large shaft; 942. a third double-toothed sprocket; 943. a third eight-tooth driven wheel; 95. a fifth transmission mechanism; 951. a fourth driving large shaft; 952. a fourth eight-tooth driven wheel; 953. separating the front axle; 100. a collection mechanism; 101. a first collection box; 102. a second collection box; 103. a side-out shaft; 104. a driving wheel; 105. a side-out conveyor belt; 106. a hydraulic motor; 107. a hydraulic oil pipe; 108. a collecting box baffle; 110. a third conveyor belt; 120. a fourth conveyor belt; 121. a second vibration axis; 122. a second diagonal vibrating wheel; 130. an adjusting arm; 140. a towing wheel; 150. and a hydraulic oil cylinder.
Detailed Description
It should be noted that, in the case of no conflict, the embodiments and features in the embodiments may be combined with each other. The utility model will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings in connection with embodiments.
As shown in fig. 1, the potato combine of the present utility model comprises: a frame 10, a traveling mechanism 20, a traction mechanism 30, an excavating mechanism 40, a rhizome separating mechanism 50, a soil shaking mechanism 60, a first sieving mechanism 70, a second sieving mechanism 80, a transmission mechanism 90 and a collecting mechanism 100; the travelling mechanism 20 is arranged at the first end of the frame 10, and the travelling mechanism 20 is used for enabling the frame 10 to move; the traction mechanism 30 is arranged at the upper part of the second end of the frame 10, and the external power mechanism drives the frame 10 to move through the traction mechanism 30; the digging mechanism 40 is arranged at the lower part of the second end of the frame 10, and the front end of the digging mechanism 40 is used for being inserted into soil during the moving process of the frame 10 so as to scoop and collect potatoes from the soil; the rhizome separating mechanism 50 is arranged in the frame 10 and is positioned at the rear end of the excavating mechanism 40, and the rhizome separating mechanism 50 is used for separating and removing the rhizomes of the potatoes; the soil shaking mechanism 60 is arranged in the frame 10 and is positioned at the bottom side of the rhizome separating mechanism 50, and the front end of the soil shaking mechanism 60 and the rhizome separating mechanism 50 have a preset height difference so that potatoes separated from the rhizome fall onto the soil shaking mechanism 60 from the rhizome separating mechanism 50; the soil shaking mechanism 60 is used for removing soil attached to the surfaces of the potatoes; the first screening mechanism 70 is arranged in the frame 10, the front end of the first screening mechanism 70 is positioned at the bottom side of the rear end of the soil shaking mechanism 60, and the front end of the first screening mechanism 70 and the rear end of the soil shaking mechanism 60 have a preset height difference so that potatoes separated from soil fall onto the first screening mechanism 70 from the soil shaking mechanism 60; the first sieving mechanism 70 is used for sieving potatoes with a diameter larger than a first preset diameter; the second screening mechanism 80 is arranged in the frame 10, the second screening mechanism 80 is arranged in the first screening mechanism 70, and the second screening mechanism 80 is used for screening potatoes with a diameter larger than a second preset diameter; the external power mechanism is also used for sequentially connecting the digging mechanism 40, the rhizome separating mechanism 50, the soil shaking mechanism 60, the second screening mechanism 80 and the first screening mechanism 70 through the transmission mechanism 90 so as to drive the digging mechanism 40, the rhizome separating mechanism 50, the soil shaking mechanism 60, the second screening mechanism 80 and the first screening mechanism 70 to operate; the collecting mechanism 100 is arranged at the second end of the frame 10, the collecting mechanism 100 is respectively connected with the outlet end of the first sieving mechanism 70 and the outlet end of the second sieving mechanism 80, and the collecting mechanism 100 is used for collecting potatoes with different preset diameters; wherein the first preset diameter is greater than the second preset diameter. When the utility model is used, firstly, the traction mechanism 30 is required to be connected with an external power mechanism, because the frame 10 is provided with the travelling mechanism 20, when the external power mechanism moves forwards, the external power mechanism drives the frame 10 to move by the travelling mechanism 20 through the traction mechanism 30, meanwhile, the initial power end of the transmission mechanism 90 is required to be connected with the power output of the external power mechanism, and the external power mechanism can provide power for the excavating mechanism 40, the rhizome separating mechanism 50, the soil shaking mechanism 60, the second screening mechanism 80 and the first screening mechanism 70 through the transmission mechanism 90; the front end of the excavating mechanism 40 is inserted into the soil, and in the process of moving along with the frame 10, the excavating mechanism 40 can scoop out and collect potatoes from the soil and transport the potatoes to the rhizome separating mechanism 50, a large amount of adhered rhizome impurities are required to be removed on the scooped potatoes, the potatoes are transported to enter the rhizome separating mechanism 50, the rhizome separating mechanism 50 rapidly separates the potatoes and the rhizome impurities, the potatoes separated by the rhizome fall onto the soil shaking mechanism 60, the soil adhered to the surfaces of the potatoes is removed by shaking by the soil shaking mechanism 60, the potatoes after the soil removal fall onto the first sieving mechanism 70, the second sieving mechanism 80 is arranged in the first sieving mechanism 70, after the potatoes fall onto the first sieving mechanism 70, if the diameter of the potatoes is larger than the first preset diameter, the potatoes are transported to the collecting mechanism 100 by the first sieving mechanism 70, if the diameter of the potatoes is smaller than the first preset diameter but larger than the second preset diameter, the potatoes fall onto the second sieving mechanism 80, and the potatoes are transported to the collecting mechanism 70, and if the diameter of the potatoes fall onto the second preset diameter is smaller than the frame 10. When the potatoes in the soil are collected, the external power mechanism stops moving, and the sieved potatoes with different diameters are obtained from the collecting mechanism 100. The utility model has reasonable design, simple structure, low manufacturing cost, convenient operation and good soil screening and separating effect, can effectively separate potatoes from rhizomes completely, and can separate potatoes with different sizes through the screening mechanism to carry out classification screening and finally enter respective harvesting boxes. Thereby greatly reducing the cost of manual production and effectively improving the working efficiency; solves the problems of poor soil screening and separating effect and no screening of potatoes in the potato harvester in the prior art.
As an optimization of the present utility model, as shown in fig. 2, the running mechanism 20 includes a support tire 21 and a damper 22, the support tire 21 and a first end of the damper 22 are rotatably connected, and a second end of the damper 22 is connected to a first end of the frame 10. The supporting tire 21 is a special tire suitable for moving in farmland, so that the movement of the frame 10 can be smoother, and the connection mode of the damping mechanism 22 and the frame 10 can be welded connection or screw-nut connection. The damping mechanism 22 is used for buffering vibration damage to the frame 10 caused by uneven farmland pavement.
As an optimization of the present utility model, as shown in fig. 2, the traction mechanism 30 includes: a large bar 31, a traction hook 32 and a traction frame 33; two large bars 31 are arranged, and the two large bars 31 are transversely arranged at the upper part of the second end of the frame 10 at preset intervals; the traction hooks 32 are arranged on two sides of the large bar 31; a traction frame 33 is connected to the traction hitch 32, the traction frame 33 being adapted to be coupled to an external power mechanism to drive the movement of the frame 10. The two large bars 31 are connected with the frame 10 through welding connection or screw-nut connection pieces; the traction hook 32 is triangular, a first angle of the traction hook 32 is fixedly connected with a large bar 31, a second angle of the traction hook 32 is connected with a first end of the traction frame 33, a third angle of the traction hook 32 is connected with a first end of the hydraulic oil cylinder 150, a second end of the hydraulic oil cylinder 150 is connected with the middle part of the traction frame 33, a second end of the traction frame 33 is connected with an external power mechanism to drive the frame 10 to move, and the length of the hydraulic oil cylinder 150 can be adjusted by pulling up when the machine works so as to adjust the required depth of the machine.
As an optimization of the present utility model, as shown in fig. 2, the excavating mechanism 40 includes: a shovel head 41 and a first conveyor belt 43; the shovel head 41 is fixed at the lower part of the second end of the frame 10 through the shovel head connecting plates 42; the shovel head 41 is used for shoveling potatoes out of soil; the first end of the first conveying belt 43 is arranged at the rear end of the shovel head 41 in a linear row; the transmission mechanism 90 drives the first conveyer belt 43 to circularly rotate, and the first conveyer belt 43 is used for conveying the scooped potatoes into the rhizome separating mechanism 50. The connection part of the shovel head 41 and the first conveying belt 43 forms an obtuse angle, and potatoes are buffered after being shoveled from soil and enter the shovel head 41, so that the first conveying belt 43 is convenient for conveying the potatoes. The middle section of the first conveyor belt 43 is provided with a fixing plate to fix the first conveyor belt 43 on the frame 10, and a hanging wheel is provided at a first end of the first conveyor belt 43 to support the first conveyor belt 43 to rotate.
As an optimization of the present utility model, as shown in fig. 2, the rhizome separating mechanism 50 includes: a separation roller 51 and a separation fork 52; the separating roller 51 is arranged between the rear end of the first conveyor belt 43 and the front end of the soil shaking mechanism 60, and the separating roller 51 is driven by the transmission mechanism 90 to circularly rotate along the direction opposite to the first conveyor belt 43; the handle end of the separating fork 52 is fixedly connected with the upper part of the frame 10, and the tooth end of the separating fork 52 extends downwards to a position between the separating roller 51 and a gap at the rear end of the first conveying belt 43; wherein the separating fork 52 is used for allowing potatoes to pass through so as to fall on the soil shaking mechanism 60 and prevent rhizome impurities from being blocked at the front side of the separating fork 52; the separating roller 51 serves to bring the rootstock sundries resting on the front side of the separating fork 52 to the lower portion of the inside of the frame 10 and drop down on the ground. The separation roller 51 is provided with a reverse gear structure with the first conveyor belt 43 for circulating the separation roller 51 in the opposite direction of the first conveyor belt 43. When the potatoes with the roots pass through the separating fork 52, the potatoes pass through the gaps at the tooth ends of the separating fork 52, the root impurities are peeled off and remain at the front side of the separating fork 52, the root impurities drop to the front of the separating roller 51 from the front side of the separating fork 52, are brought to the inner lower part of the rack 10 by the separating roller 51 and drop on the ground along with the movement of the rack 10. The separation roller 51 can remove the rootstock impurities and prevent the rootstock impurities from blocking the gap of the separation fork 52.
As an optimization scheme of the present utility model, as shown in fig. 2, the soil shaking mechanism 60 includes: a second conveyor belt 61 and a first oscillating shaft 62; a predetermined height difference is provided between the front end of the second conveyor belt 61 and the separation roller 51; the transmission mechanism 90 is connected with the second conveying belt 61 to drive the second conveying belt 61 to circularly rotate; the second conveyor 61 is used for receiving and conveying the potatoes separated by the rhizome separating mechanism 50; the first vibration shaft 62 is arranged in the middle of the second conveyor belt 61, and a first diagonal vibration wheel 63 is arranged on the first vibration shaft 62; the first oscillating shaft 62 is driven by the transmission mechanism 90 to rotate, and the first diagonal oscillating wheel 63 rotates along with the first oscillating shaft 62 to enable the second conveying belt 61 to oscillate up and down circularly, so that soil and potatoes are separated. The first diagonal vibration wheel 63 is coaxial with the first vibration shaft 62, the first diagonal vibration wheel 63 is two diagonal vibration wheels sleeved on the first vibration shaft 62, when the first diagonal vibration wheel 63 is vertical to the second conveying belt 61, the first diagonal vibration wheel 63 jacks up two conveying surfaces of the second conveying belt 61, when the first diagonal vibration wheel 63 is parallel to the second conveying belt 61, the two conveying surfaces of the second conveying belt 61 are normally conveyed, therefore, when the first vibration shaft 62 rotates, the first diagonal vibration wheel 63 is driven to rotate, the first diagonal vibration wheel 63 continuously jacks up and puts down the two conveying surfaces of the second conveying belt 61, and the first diagonal vibration wheel 63 enables the second conveying belt 61 to vibrate in an up-down circulating mode to separate soil from potatoes. A hanging wheel is provided at a first end of the second conveyor belt 61 to support the second conveyor belt 61 for rotation.
As an optimization scheme of the utility model, as shown in fig. 2, a third conveyer belt 110 is arranged on the first sieving mechanism 70, a gap with a first preset diameter is arranged on the third conveyer belt 110 to transport potatoes with a larger diameter than the first preset diameter, a fourth conveyer belt 120 is arranged on the second sieving mechanism 80, and the fourth conveyer belt 120 is arranged at the bottom side of the third conveyer belt 110 to transport potatoes with a smaller diameter falling from the gap of the third conveyer belt 110; the fourth conveyor 120 has a gap of a second predetermined diameter for transporting and sifting potatoes having a diameter greater than the second predetermined diameter; a second vibrating shaft 121 is arranged in the middle section of the interior of the fourth conveyor belt 120, and a second diagonal vibrating wheel 122 is arranged on the second vibrating shaft 121; the second vibration shaft 121 is driven to rotate by the transmission mechanism 90, and the second diagonal vibration wheel 122 rotates along with the second vibration shaft 121 in a linkage manner, so that the fourth conveying belt 120 generates up-and-down circulation vibration to separate soil from potatoes. The third conveying belt 110 and the fourth conveying belt 120 are annular conveying belts formed by uniformly arranged and spaced reinforcing steel bars, the gap between the reinforcing steel bars arranged on the third conveying belt 110 is 70 mm, and the gap between the reinforcing steel bars arranged on the fourth conveying belt 120 is 50 mm; the second diagonal vibration wheel 122 is coaxial with the second vibration shaft 121, the second diagonal vibration wheel 122 is two diagonal vibration wheels sleeved on the second vibration shaft 121, when the second diagonal vibration wheel 122 is vertical to the fourth conveying belt 120, the second diagonal vibration wheel 122 jacks up two conveying surfaces of the fourth conveying belt 120, when the second diagonal vibration wheel 122 is parallel to the fourth conveying belt 120, the two conveying surfaces of the fourth conveying belt 120 are normally conveyed, so when the second vibration shaft 121 rotates, the second diagonal vibration wheel 122 is driven to rotate, the second diagonal vibration wheel 122 continuously jacks up and puts down the two conveying surfaces of the fourth conveying belt 120, and the second diagonal vibration wheel 122 enables the fourth conveying belt 120 to generate up-down circulation vibration so as to separate soil from potatoes. Potatoes enter the first screening mechanism 70 from the soil shaking mechanism 60, the potatoes remain on the third conveying belt 110 and are sent to the collecting mechanism 100 when the diameter of the potatoes is larger than 70 mm, if the diameter of the potatoes is smaller than 70 mm and larger than 50 mm, the potatoes remain on the fourth conveying belt 120 and are sent to the collecting mechanism 100, and if the diameter of the potatoes is smaller than 50 mm, the potatoes fall to the lower part inside the rack 10 through the fourth conveying belt 120 and fall on the ground when the rack 10 moves. The inside of the third and fourth conveyor belts 110 and 120 is provided with hanging wheels to support the third and fourth conveyor belts 110 and 120 to rotate.
As an optimization of the present utility model, as shown in fig. 2, the transmission mechanism 90 includes: a first transmission 91, a second transmission 92, a third transmission 93, a fourth transmission 94 and a fifth transmission 95; the first transmission mechanism 91 is arranged on the traction mechanism 30, the first transmission mechanism 91 comprises a gearbox 911, a power output shaft 912 and a universal transmission shaft 913, and the gearbox 911 is arranged on a supporting structure between the two large bars 31; a power take-off shaft 912 is provided on the gearbox 911; the first end of the universal transmission shaft 913 is connected with the power end of the external power mechanism, and the second end of the universal transmission shaft 913 is connected with the gearbox 911 to drive the power output shaft 912 to rotate; the first transmission mechanism 91 is used for providing initial power for the transmission mechanism 90 by using an external power mechanism; the second transmission mechanism 92 is arranged on the excavating mechanism 40 and the rhizome separating mechanism 50, the second transmission mechanism 92 comprises a first driving large shaft 921, a first double-toothed chain wheel 922 and a first eight-toothed driven wheel 923, and the first driving large shaft 921 is arranged at the second end of the first conveying belt 43; the first driving large shaft 921 is driven to rotate by the power output shaft 912 through a sprocket and a transmission chain; the first double-toothed sprocket 922 is provided on the first drive large shaft 921; the first end of the first double-toothed sprocket 922 is connected to a reverse sprocket on the separating roller 51 by a chain to rotate the separating roller 51 in the reverse direction of the circulation of the first conveyor belt 43; the first eight-tooth driven wheels 923 are a plurality of, the first eight-tooth driven wheels 923 are uniformly arranged on the first driving large shaft 921 at intervals, and the first eight-tooth driven wheels 923 rotate along with the first driving large shaft 921 to drive the first conveying belt 43 to circularly rotate; the second transmission mechanism 92 is used for driving the excavating mechanism 40 and the rhizome separating mechanism 50; the third transmission mechanism 93 is arranged on the soil shaking mechanism 60, the third transmission mechanism 93 comprises a second driving large shaft 931, a second double-toothed sprocket 932 and a second eight-toothed driven pulley 933, and the second driving large shaft 931 is arranged at the second end of the second conveying belt 61; the second double-toothed sprocket 932 is disposed on the second driving large shaft 931; the second end of the first double-toothed sprocket 922 is connected with the sprocket on the first oscillating axle 62 and the first end of the second double-toothed sprocket 932 by a chain to rotate the second driving large axle 931; the first oscillating axle 62 is driven to rotate by the first driving large axle 921, and the first diagonal oscillating axle 63 is driven to rotate in a linkage manner; the second eight-tooth driven wheel 933 is arranged on the second driving large shaft 931, and the second eight-tooth driven wheel 933 rotates along with the second driving large shaft 931 to drive the second conveying belt 61 to rotate in a circulating manner; the third transmission mechanism 93 is used for driving the soil shaking mechanism 60; the fourth transmission mechanism 94 is disposed on the second screening mechanism 80, the fourth transmission mechanism 94 includes a third large driving shaft 941, a third double-toothed sprocket 942, and a third eight-toothed driven wheel 943, and the third large driving shaft 941 is disposed at the second end of the fourth conveyor belt 120; the third double-toothed sprocket 942 is disposed on the third large drive shaft 941; a second end of the second double-toothed sprocket 932 is connected to a first end of the sprocket wheel on the second oscillating axle 121 and a third double-toothed sprocket wheel 942 by a chain to rotate the third driving axle 941; the third eight-tooth driven wheel 943 is arranged on the third driving large shaft 941, and the third eight-tooth driven wheel 943 rotates along with the third driving large shaft 941 to drive the fourth conveying belt 120 to circularly rotate; the fourth transmission mechanism 94 is used to drive the second screening mechanism 80; the fifth transmission mechanism 95 is arranged on the first screening mechanism 70, the fifth transmission mechanism 95 comprises a fourth driving large shaft 951, a fourth eight-tooth driven wheel 952 and a separation front shaft 953, and the fourth driving large shaft 951 is arranged at the outlet end of the third conveying belt 110; the fourth drive large shaft 951 is rotated by the second end of the third double-toothed sprocket 942 and the drive chain; the fourth eight-tooth driven wheel 952 is arranged on the fourth driving large shaft 951, and the fourth eight-tooth driven wheel 952 rotates along with the fourth driving large shaft 951 to drive the third conveying belt 110 to circularly rotate; the separation front 953 is provided at an inlet end of the third conveyor belt 110; the separation front shaft 953 and the fourth drive large shaft 951 serve to support the third conveyor belt 110; the fifth transmission 95 is used to drive the first screening means 70. The first transmission mechanism 91, the second transmission mechanism 92, the third transmission mechanism 93, the fourth transmission mechanism 94 and the fifth transmission mechanism 95 are sequentially connected, the first transmission mechanism 91 provides initial power for the transmission mechanism 90 by utilizing an external power mechanism, a power output shaft 912 and a universal transmission shaft 913 are both arranged on a gearbox 911, the universal transmission shaft 913 is connected with a power end of the external power mechanism to convert the rotation of the power end of the external power mechanism into the rotation of the power output shaft 912, the gearbox 911 is used for adjusting the rotation speed of the power output shaft 912, the power output shaft 912 is connected with a first driving large shaft 921 through a chain wheel and a transmission chain, the power output shaft 912 rotates to drive the first driving large shaft 921 to rotate, a first double-tooth chain wheel 922 and a first eight-tooth driven wheel 923 are coaxially arranged on the first driving large shaft 921, the first double-tooth chain wheel 922 and the first eight-tooth driven wheel 923 rotate along with the first driving large shaft 921, the first eight-tooth driven wheel 923 rotates to drive the first conveying belt 43 to circularly rotate, a reverse gear structure between the first end of the first double-tooth sprocket 922 and the separating roller 51 is connected through a chain to enable the separating roller 51 to circularly rotate opposite to the first conveying belt 43, a second double-tooth sprocket 932 and a second eight-tooth driven wheel 933 are coaxially arranged on the second driving large shaft 931, the second end of the first double-tooth sprocket 922 is connected with a sprocket on the first oscillating shaft 62 and the first end of the second double-tooth sprocket 932 through a chain to enable the second driving large shaft 931 to rotate, the second double-tooth sprocket 932 and the second eight-tooth driven wheel 933 rotate along with the second driving large shaft 931 to enable the second conveying belt 61 to circularly rotate, a third double-tooth sprocket 942 and a third eight-tooth driven wheel 943 are coaxially arranged on the third driving large shaft 941, the second end of the second double-tooth chain wheel 932 is connected with the chain wheel on the second oscillating shaft 121 and the first end of the third double-tooth chain wheel 942 by a chain to enable the third driving large shaft 941 to rotate, the third eight-tooth driven wheel 943 rotates along with the third driving large shaft 941 to drive the fourth conveying belt 120 to circularly rotate, the fourth eight-tooth driven wheel 952 is arranged on the fourth driving large shaft 951, and the fourth driving large shaft 951 is driven to rotate by the second end of the third double-tooth chain wheel 942 and the transmission chain; the fourth eight-tooth driven wheel 952 rotates along with the fourth driving large shaft 951 to drive the third conveying belt 110 to circularly rotate; the separation front shaft 953 and the fourth drive large shaft 951 serve to support the third conveyor belt 110.
As an optimization of the present utility model, as shown in fig. 2, the collecting mechanism 100 includes: a first collection box 101, a second collection box 102, a side output shaft 103, and a collection box baffle 108; the first collection box 101 is connected with the outlet end of the third conveyer belt 110; the first collecting box 101 is used for receiving potatoes with a first preset diameter; the second collection bin 102 is connected to a second end of the fourth conveyor belt 120; the second collecting box 102 is used for receiving potatoes with a second preset diameter; the plurality of side output shafts 103 are arranged at the bottom of the first collecting box 101 and the bottom of the second collecting box 102 respectively, a plurality of driving wheels 104 are arranged at the first end and the middle section of the side output shafts 103 respectively, a side output conveying belt 105 is arranged on the driving wheels 104, a hydraulic motor 106 is arranged at the second end of the side output shafts 103, and a hydraulic oil pipe 107 is arranged on the hydraulic motor 106; the collection tank barrier 108 is provided at the upper side portion of the first collection tank 101 and the upper side portion of the second collection tank 102; the collection box shutter 108 is opposite to the transport direction of the side discharge conveyor 105. The first collecting box 101 is used for receiving potatoes with a diameter larger than 70 mm; the second collection box 102 is used for receiving potatoes with a diameter of less than 70 mm but more than 50 mm; after the frame 10 stops moving, the collecting box baffle 108 is opened, oil is injected into the hydraulic oil pipe 107 and is introduced into the hydraulic motor 106, the hydraulic motor starts the side outlet shaft 103, and the side outlet shaft 103 conveys and collects potatoes in the first collecting box 101 and the second collecting box 102 respectively.
As an optimization scheme of the present utility model, as shown in fig. 2, the second conveyor belt 61 and the fourth conveyor belt 120 are both provided with an adjusting arm 130, the adjusting arm 130 is provided with a drawing pulley 140, and the drawing pulley 140 is turned to a corresponding adjusting hole on the frame 10 to adjust the heights of the second conveyor belt 61 and the fourth conveyor belt 120 so as to change the oscillation frequencies of the first oscillating shaft 62 and the second oscillating shaft 121. The conveying surfaces of the second conveying belt 61 and the fourth conveying belt 120 are hung on the adjusting arm 130, the towing wheel 140 is arranged on the adjusting arm 130, corresponding adjusting holes are formed in the frame 10, when the towing wheel 140 moves into the corresponding adjusting holes, the adjusting arm 130 is driven by the towing wheel 140, at the moment, the conveying surfaces of the second conveying belt 61 and the fourth conveying belt 120 are correspondingly lifted or lowered, because the first vibrating shaft 62 and the second vibrating shaft 121 are correspondingly arranged in the second conveying belt 61 and the fourth conveying belt 120, when the conveying surfaces of the second conveying belt 61 and the fourth conveying belt 120 are lifted or lowered, the heights of the first diagonal vibrating wheel 63 and the second diagonal vibrating wheel 122 jack up the second conveying belt 61 and the fourth conveying belt 120 are lower or higher, and the vibration amplitude of the conveying surfaces is not fixed and can be changed along with the change of the soil humidity and is easy to adjust.
The working principle of the utility model is illustrated by using an actual working case, a tractor is connected with a traction frame 33, the traction frame 33 is connected with traction hooks 32 on two sides of a large lever 31, a universal transmission shaft 913 is connected with power rear output of the tractor, a power output shaft 912 and the universal transmission shaft 913 are both arranged on a gearbox 911, the universal transmission shaft 913 is connected with a power end of an external power mechanism, rotation of the power end of the external power mechanism is converted into rotation of the power output shaft 912, the gearbox 911 is used for adjusting the rotation speed of the power output shaft 912, the external power mechanism drives the rack 10 to move by utilizing a supporting tire 21 and a damping mechanism 22 through the traction frame 33, the supporting tire 21 is rotatably connected with a first end of the damping mechanism 22, a second end of the damping mechanism 22 is connected with a first end of the rack 10, the front end of the shovel head 41 is inserted into soil, the shovel head 41 is used for shoveling and collecting potatoes from the soil in the moving process of the rack 10, a large number of root tuber adhesion needs to be cleared on the potato, the potato is transported into the rhizome separation mechanism 50 through the first conveying belt 43, the driven wheel 921 is rotatably driven by the power output shaft 912, and the first driven wheel 921 is rotatably drives the first driven wheel 921 through the first chain wheel and the first chain wheel shaft, and the first driven wheel 921 to rotate in the opposite direction to the first reverse direction, and the first reverse direction of rotation of the first transmission shaft 9243 is driven by the first reverse rotation of the first transmission roller 921, and the first reverse rotation mechanism is provided with a reverse rotation mechanism 9243. When the potatoes with the roots pass through the separating fork 52, the potatoes pass through the gaps at the tooth ends of the separating fork 52, the root impurities are peeled off and remain at the front side of the separating fork 52, the root impurities drop to the front of the separating roller 51 from the front side of the separating fork 52, are brought to the inner lower part of the rack 10 by the separating roller 51 and drop on the ground along with the movement of the rack 10. The separation roller 51 can remove the rootstock impurities and prevent the rootstock impurities from blocking the gap of the separation fork 52. The reverse gear structure between the first end of the first double-toothed sprocket 922 and the separating roller 51 is connected through a chain to enable the separating roller 51 to rotate in the circulation reverse direction with the first conveying belt 43, the tuber separating mechanism 50 is used for rapidly separating potatoes and tuber impurities, the potatoes after rhizome separation fall onto the soil shaking mechanism 60, the soil shaking mechanism 60 is used for removing soil attached to the surfaces of the potatoes through shaking, the potatoes are conveyed in the soil shaking mechanism 60 through the second conveying belt 61, the second end of the first double-toothed sprocket 922 is connected with the sprocket on the first shaking shaft 62 and the first end of the second double-toothed sprocket 932 through the chain to enable the second driving large shaft 931 to rotate, the second double-toothed sprocket 932 and the second eight-toothed driven pulley 933 to rotate along with the second driving large shaft 931, the second eight-toothed driven pulley 933 rotates to drive the second conveying belt 61 to rotate, the first diagonal shaking wheel 63 is coaxial with the first shaking shaft 62, the first diagonal shaking wheel 63 is sleeved on the first shaking shaft 62, when the first diagonal shaking wheel 63 is perpendicular to the second conveying belt 61, the first diagonal shaking wheel 63 is separated from the second diagonal conveying belt 61, and the second diagonal shaking surface 61 is not normally rotated, and the second diagonal conveying belt 61 is driven to rotate, and the first diagonal shaking surface 61 is not normally, and the second diagonal driving the second potato 63 is separated. After the potatoes are removed from the soil, the potatoes fall onto the first screening mechanism 70, the second screening mechanism 80 is arranged in the first screening mechanism 70, after the potatoes fall onto the first screening mechanism 70, if the diameter of the potatoes is larger than a first preset diameter, the potatoes are transported to the collecting mechanism 100 by the first screening mechanism 70, if the diameter of the potatoes is smaller than the first preset diameter but larger than a second preset diameter, the potatoes fall onto the second screening mechanism 80 from the first screening mechanism 70, the second screening mechanism 80 transports the potatoes to the collecting mechanism 100, and if the diameter of the potatoes is smaller than the second preset diameter, the potatoes fall onto the frame 10 from the second screening mechanism 80. The second end of the second double-tooth sprocket 932 is connected with the sprocket on the second oscillating axle 121 and the first end of the third double-tooth sprocket 942 by a chain to enable the third driving large axle 941 to rotate, the third eight-tooth driven wheel 943 follows the third driving large axle 941 to rotate so as to drive the fourth conveyor belt 120 to rotate circularly, and the fourth driving large axle 951 is driven to rotate by the second end of the third double-tooth sprocket 942 and the transmission chain; the fourth eight-tooth driven wheel 952 rotates along with the fourth driving large shaft 951 to drive the third conveying belt 110 to circularly rotate; the separation front shaft 953 and the fourth drive large shaft 951 serve to support the third conveyor belt 110. The third conveying belt 110 and the fourth conveying belt 120 are annular conveying belts formed by uniformly arranged and spaced reinforcing steel bars, the gap between the reinforcing steel bars arranged on the third conveying belt 110 is 70 mm, and the gap between the reinforcing steel bars arranged on the fourth conveying belt 120 is 50 mm; the second diagonal vibration wheel 122 is coaxial with the second vibration shaft 121, the second diagonal vibration wheel 122 is two diagonal vibration wheels sleeved on the second vibration shaft 121, when the second diagonal vibration wheel 122 is vertical to the fourth conveying belt 120, the second diagonal vibration wheel 122 jacks up two conveying surfaces of the fourth conveying belt 120, when the second diagonal vibration wheel 122 is parallel to the fourth conveying belt 120, the two conveying surfaces of the fourth conveying belt 120 are normally conveyed, so when the second vibration shaft 121 rotates, the second diagonal vibration wheel 122 is driven to rotate, the second diagonal vibration wheel 122 continuously jacks up and puts down the two conveying surfaces of the fourth conveying belt 120, and the second diagonal vibration wheel 122 enables the fourth conveying belt 120 to generate up-down circulation vibration so as to separate soil from potatoes. The conveying surfaces of the second conveying belt 61 and the fourth conveying belt 120 are hung on the adjusting arm 130, the towing wheel 140 is arranged on the adjusting arm 130, corresponding adjusting holes are formed in the frame 10, when the towing wheel 140 moves into the corresponding adjusting holes, the adjusting arm 130 is driven by the towing wheel 140, at the moment, the conveying surfaces of the second conveying belt 61 and the fourth conveying belt 120 are correspondingly lifted or lowered, because the first vibrating shaft 62 and the second vibrating shaft 121 are correspondingly arranged in the second conveying belt 61 and the fourth conveying belt 120, when the conveying surfaces of the second conveying belt 61 and the fourth conveying belt 120 are lifted or lowered, the heights of the first diagonal vibrating wheel 63 and the second diagonal vibrating wheel 122 jack up the second conveying belt 61 and the fourth conveying belt 120 are lower or higher, and the vibration amplitude of the conveying surfaces is not fixed and can be changed along with the change of the soil humidity and is easy to adjust. Potatoes enter the first screening mechanism 70 from the soil shaking mechanism 60, the potatoes remain on the third conveying belt 110 and are sent to the collecting mechanism 100 when the diameter of the potatoes is larger than 70 mm, if the diameter of the potatoes is smaller than 70 mm and larger than 50 mm, the potatoes remain on the fourth conveying belt 120 and are sent to the collecting mechanism 100, and if the diameter of the potatoes is smaller than 50 mm, the potatoes fall to the lower part inside the rack 10 through the fourth conveying belt 120 and fall on the ground when the rack 10 moves. The first collecting box 101 is used for receiving potatoes with a diameter larger than 70 mm; the second collection box 102 is used for receiving potatoes with a diameter of less than 70 mm but more than 50 mm; after the frame 10 stops moving, the collecting box baffle 108 is opened, oil is injected into the hydraulic oil pipe 107 and is introduced into the hydraulic motor 106, the hydraulic motor starts the side outlet shaft 103, and the side outlet shaft 103 conveys and collects potatoes in the first collecting box 101 and the second collecting box 102 respectively.
The potato harvester has the advantages of reasonable design, simple structure, low manufacturing cost, convenient operation, strong adaptability and good soil screening effect, and harvested potatoes can be classified and collected in a centralized manner, so that the workload of manual labor is greatly reduced, and the working efficiency is effectively improved; the utility model can also be widely applied to harvesting of crops such as potatoes, sweet potatoes, radishes, green Chinese onion and the like.
The above description is only of the preferred embodiments of the present utility model and is not intended to limit the present utility model, but various modifications and variations can be made to the present utility model by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present utility model should be included in the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims (10)

1. A potato combine harvester, comprising:
a frame (10);
a traveling mechanism (20), wherein the traveling mechanism (20) is arranged at a first end of the frame (10), and the traveling mechanism (20) is used for enabling the frame (10) to move;
the traction mechanism (30) is arranged at the upper part of the second end of the frame (10), and the external power mechanism drives the frame (10) to move through the traction mechanism (30);
The excavating mechanism (40) is arranged at the lower part of the second end of the frame (10), and the front end of the excavating mechanism (40) is used for being inserted into soil during the moving process of the frame (10) so as to scoop and collect potatoes from the soil;
the root and stem separating mechanism (50) is arranged in the frame (10) and positioned at the rear end of the excavating mechanism (40), and the root and stem separating mechanism (50) is used for separating and removing the root and stem of the potatoes;
the soil shaking mechanism (60) is arranged in the frame (10) and is positioned at the bottom side of the rhizome separation mechanism (50), and the front end of the soil shaking mechanism (60) and the rhizome separation mechanism (50) have a preset height difference so that potatoes separated from the rhizome separation mechanism (50) fall onto the soil shaking mechanism (60); the soil shaking mechanism (60) is used for removing soil attached to the surfaces of the potatoes;
the first screening mechanism (70) is arranged in the frame (10), the front end of the first screening mechanism (70) is positioned at the bottom side of the rear end of the soil shaking mechanism (60), and the front end of the first screening mechanism (70) and the rear end of the soil shaking mechanism (60) have a preset height difference so that potatoes separated from soil fall onto the first screening mechanism (70) from the soil shaking mechanism (60); the first screening mechanism (70) is used for screening potatoes with a diameter larger than a first preset diameter;
The second screening mechanism (80) is arranged inside the frame (10), the second screening mechanism (80) is arranged inside the first screening mechanism (70), and the second screening mechanism (80) is used for screening potatoes with a diameter larger than a second preset diameter;
the transmission mechanism (90) is further used for driving the excavating mechanism (40), the rhizome separating mechanism (50), the soil shaking mechanism (80) and the first screening mechanism (70) to operate through the transmission mechanism (90) and the excavating mechanism (40), the rhizome separating mechanism (50), the soil shaking mechanism (60), the second screening mechanism (80) and the first screening mechanism (70) which are sequentially connected;
the collecting mechanism (100) is arranged at the second end of the frame (10), the collecting mechanism (100) is respectively connected with the outlet end of the first screening mechanism (70) and the outlet end of the second screening mechanism (80), and the collecting mechanism (100) is used for collecting potatoes with different preset diameters;
wherein the first preset diameter is greater than the second preset diameter.
2. The potato combine harvester according to claim 1, characterized in that,
The walking mechanism (20) comprises a supporting tire (21) and a damping mechanism (22), wherein the supporting tire (21) is rotatably connected with a first end of the damping mechanism (22), and a second end of the damping mechanism (22) is connected with a first end of the frame (10).
3. Potato combine according to claim 2, characterized in that the traction mechanism (30) comprises:
the two large bars (31) are arranged transversely at the upper part of the second end of the frame (10) at preset intervals;
the traction hooks (32), wherein the traction hooks (32) are arranged on two sides of the large bar (31);
and the traction frame (33) is connected with the traction hook (32), and the traction frame (33) is used for being connected with an external power mechanism to drive the rack (10) to move.
4. A potato combine harvester according to claim 3, characterized in that the digging mechanism (40) comprises:
the shovel head (41) is provided with shovel head connecting plates (42) at two ends of the shovel head (41), and the shovel head (41) is fixed at the lower part of the second end of the frame (10) through the shovel head connecting plates (42); the shovel head (41) is used for shoveling potatoes from soil;
the first end of the first conveying belt (43) is arranged at the rear end of the shovel head (41) in a linear row; the transmission mechanism (90) drives the first conveying belt (43) to circularly rotate, and the first conveying belt (43) is used for conveying the scooped potatoes into the rhizome separation mechanism (50).
5. Potato combine according to claim 4, characterized in that the rhizome separating mechanism (50) comprises:
a separation roller (51), wherein the separation roller (51) is arranged between the rear end of the first conveying belt (43) and the front end of the soil shaking mechanism (60), and the separation roller (51) is driven by the transmission mechanism (90) to circularly rotate along the direction opposite to the first conveying belt (43);
a separating fork (52), wherein the handle end of the separating fork (52) is fixedly connected with the upper part of the frame (10), and the tooth end of the separating fork (52) extends downwards to a position between the separating roller (51) and a gap at the rear end of the first conveying belt (43);
wherein the separating fork (52) is used for allowing potatoes to pass through so as to fall on the soil shaking mechanism (60) and blocking rhizome impurities on the front side of the separating fork (52); the separating roller (51) is used for taking the rhizome sundries which are stopped at the front side of the separating fork (52) to the lower part of the inner part of the frame (10) and falling on the ground.
6. The potato combine of claim 5, wherein the soil-shaking mechanism (60) comprises:
a second conveyor belt (61), wherein a preset height difference is arranged between the front end of the second conveyor belt (61) and the separation roller (51); the transmission mechanism (90) is connected with the second conveying belt (61) to drive the second conveying belt (61) to circularly rotate; the second conveying belt (61) is used for receiving and conveying the potatoes separated by the rhizome separating mechanism (50);
The first vibrating shaft (62), the first vibrating shaft (62) is arranged at the middle section inside the second conveying belt (61), and a first diagonal vibrating wheel (63) is arranged on the first vibrating shaft (62);
the first vibrating shaft (62) is driven to rotate by the transmission mechanism (90), and the first diagonal vibrating wheel (63) rotates along with the first vibrating shaft (62) in a linkage manner, so that the second conveying belt (61) generates up-and-down circulating vibration to separate soil from potatoes.
7. The potato combine harvester according to claim 6, characterized in that a third conveyor belt (110) is provided on the first screening mechanism (70), the third conveyor belt (110) has a gap of the first preset diameter for transporting potatoes larger than the first preset diameter, a fourth conveyor belt (120) is provided on the second screening mechanism (80), and the fourth conveyor belt (120) is provided on the bottom side of the third conveyor belt (110) for transporting potatoes falling from the gap of the third conveyor belt (110) smaller than the first preset diameter; the fourth conveyor belt (120) is provided with a gap with the second preset diameter so as to transport and screen potatoes with the diameter larger than the second preset diameter; a second vibrating shaft (121) is arranged in the middle section of the interior of the fourth conveying belt (120), and a second diagonal vibrating wheel (122) is arranged on the second vibrating shaft (121); the second vibrating shaft (121) is driven to rotate by the transmission mechanism (90), and the second diagonal vibrating wheel (122) rotates along with the second vibrating shaft (121) in a linkage manner to enable the fourth conveying belt (120) to vibrate in an up-down circulation manner so as to separate soil from potatoes.
8. Potato combine according to claim 7, characterized in that the transmission (90) comprises:
the first transmission mechanism (91), the first transmission mechanism (91) is arranged on the traction mechanism (30), the first transmission mechanism (91) comprises a gearbox (911), a power output shaft (912) and a universal transmission shaft (913), and the gearbox (911) is arranged on a supporting structure between two large bars (31) at intervals; the power output shaft (912) is arranged on the gearbox (911); the first end of the universal transmission shaft (913) is connected with the power end of an external power mechanism, and the second end of the universal transmission shaft (913) is connected with the gearbox (911) to drive the power output shaft (912) to rotate; the first transmission mechanism (91) is used for providing initial power for the transmission mechanism (90) by utilizing the external power mechanism;
the second transmission mechanism (92), the second transmission mechanism (92) is arranged on the excavating mechanism (40) and the rhizome separating mechanism (50), the second transmission mechanism (92) comprises a first driving large shaft (921), a first double-tooth chain wheel (922) and a first eight-tooth driven wheel (923), and the first driving large shaft (921) is arranged at the second end of the first conveying belt (43); the first driving large shaft (921) is driven by the power output shaft (912) to rotate through a chain wheel and a transmission chain; the first double-tooth chain wheel (922) is arranged on the first driving large shaft (921); the first end of the first double-tooth chain wheel (922) is connected with a reverse chain wheel on the separating roller (51) through a chain to enable the separating roller (51) to rotate in the reverse direction with the circulation of the first conveying belt (43); the number of the first eight-tooth driven wheels (923) is multiple, the first eight-tooth driven wheels (923) are uniformly arranged on the first driving large shaft (921) at intervals, and the first eight-tooth driven wheels (923) rotate along with the first driving large shaft (921) to drive the first conveying belt (43) to rotate in a circulating mode; the second transmission mechanism (92) is used for driving the excavating mechanism (40) and the rhizome separating mechanism (50);
The third transmission mechanism (93), the third transmission mechanism (93) is arranged on the soil shaking mechanism (60), the third transmission mechanism (93) comprises a second driving large shaft (931), a second double-tooth chain wheel (932) and a second eight-tooth driven wheel (933), and the second driving large shaft (931) is arranged at the second end of the second conveying belt (61); the second double-tooth sprocket (932) is disposed on the second driving large shaft (931); the second end of the first double-tooth chain wheel (922) is connected with the chain wheel on the first oscillating shaft (62) and the first end of the second double-tooth chain wheel (932) by a chain to enable the second driving large shaft (931) to rotate; the first vibrating shaft (62) is driven to rotate by the first driving large shaft (921), and the first diagonal vibrating wheel (63) rotates in a linkage way along with the vibrating shaft; the second eight-tooth driven wheel (933) is arranged on the second driving large shaft (931), and the second eight-tooth driven wheel (933) rotates along with the second driving large shaft (931) to drive the second conveying belt (61) to rotate in a circulating way; the third transmission mechanism (93) is used for driving the soil shaking mechanism (60);
a fourth transmission mechanism (94), wherein the fourth transmission mechanism (94) is arranged on the second screening mechanism (80), the fourth transmission mechanism (94) comprises a third driving large shaft (941), a third double-toothed chain wheel (942) and a third eight-toothed driven wheel (943), and the third driving large shaft (941) is arranged at the second end of the fourth conveying belt (120); the third double-tooth chain wheel (942) is arranged on the third driving large shaft (941); the second end of the second double-tooth chain wheel (932) is connected with the first end of the third double-tooth chain wheel (942) on the second oscillating shaft (121) by a chain to enable the third driving large shaft (941) to rotate; the third eight-tooth driven wheel (943) is arranged on the third driving large shaft (941), and the third eight-tooth driven wheel (943) rotates along with the third driving large shaft (941) to drive the fourth conveying belt (120) to rotate in a circulating manner; the fourth transmission mechanism (94) is used for driving the second screening mechanism (80);
A fifth transmission mechanism (95), wherein the fifth transmission mechanism (95) is arranged on the first screening mechanism (70), the fifth transmission mechanism (95) comprises a fourth driving large shaft (951), a fourth eight-tooth driven wheel (952) and a separation front shaft (953), and the fourth driving large shaft (951) is arranged at the outlet end of the third conveying belt (110); the fourth driving large shaft (951) is driven to rotate by the second end of the third double-tooth chain wheel (942) and the transmission chain; the fourth eight-tooth driven wheel (952) is arranged on the fourth driving large shaft (951), and the fourth eight-tooth driven wheel (952) rotates along with the fourth driving large shaft (951) to drive the third conveying belt (110) to circularly rotate; the separation front shaft (953) is arranged at the inlet end of the third conveying belt (110); -the separation front shaft (953) and the fourth drive large shaft (951) are for supporting the third conveyor belt (110); the fifth transmission mechanism (95) is used for driving the first screening mechanism (70).
9. The potato combine harvester of claim 8, wherein the collection mechanism (100) comprises:
a first collection box (101), wherein the first collection box (101) is connected with the outlet end of the third conveying belt (110); the first collecting box (101) is used for receiving potatoes with a first preset diameter;
A second collection bin (102), the second collection bin (102) being connected to a second end of the fourth conveyor belt (120); the second collecting box (102) is used for receiving potatoes with a second preset diameter;
the side output shafts (103) are multiple, the side output shafts (103) are respectively arranged at the bottom of the first collecting box (101) and the bottom of the second collecting box (102), a plurality of driving wheels (104) are respectively arranged at the first end and the middle section of the side output shafts (103), a side output conveying belt (105) is arranged on each driving wheel (104), a hydraulic motor (106) is arranged at the second end of each side output shaft (103), and a hydraulic oil pipe (107) is arranged on each hydraulic motor (106);
a collection box baffle (108), wherein the collection box baffle (108) is arranged at the upper side part of the first collection box (101) and the upper side part of the second collection box (102); the collection box baffle (108) is opposite to the conveying direction of the side-out conveying belt (105).
10. The potato combine harvester according to claim 9, characterized in that,
the second conveying belt (61) and the fourth conveying belt (120) are respectively provided with an adjusting arm (130), each adjusting arm (130) is provided with a towing wheel (140), and the towing wheels (140) rotate to corresponding adjusting holes in the frame (10) to adjust the heights of the second conveying belt (61) and the fourth conveying belt (120) so as to change the oscillation frequency of the first oscillating shaft (62) and the second oscillating shaft (121).
CN202320624816.6U 2023-03-27 2023-03-27 Potato combine harvester Active CN219330060U (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202320624816.6U CN219330060U (en) 2023-03-27 2023-03-27 Potato combine harvester

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202320624816.6U CN219330060U (en) 2023-03-27 2023-03-27 Potato combine harvester

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN219330060U true CN219330060U (en) 2023-07-14

Family

ID=87111794

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CN202320624816.6U Active CN219330060U (en) 2023-03-27 2023-03-27 Potato combine harvester

Country Status (1)

Country Link
CN (1) CN219330060U (en)

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