CN219315025U

CN219315025U - Safe and environment-friendly feeding system of zinc smelting electric furnace

Info

Publication number: CN219315025U
Application number: CN202320285409.7U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 李继爽; 郭安民; 段学辉; 陆锦
Original assignee: Xuanwei Hongshu Metal Technology Co ltd
Current assignee: Xuanwei Hongshu Metal Technology Co ltd
Priority date: 2023-02-22
Filing date: 2023-02-22
Publication date: 2023-07-07
Anticipated expiration: 2033-02-22

Abstract

The utility model discloses a safe and environment-friendly feeding system of a zinc smelting electric furnace, which comprises an electric furnace, a discharging pipe, a screw conveyor and a hopper, wherein the bottom of the hopper is communicated with a feeding port of the screw conveyor, a discharging port of the screw conveyor is communicated with the discharging pipe, a pressure sensor is arranged on the inner wall of the discharging pipe, a connecting pipe, a pressure release mechanism and an exhaust pipe are sequentially connected to the side wall of the discharging pipe, the air outlet end of the exhaust pipe is communicated with a system flue gas treatment device, the pressure release mechanism comprises a groove body and a plugging block which is slidably arranged in the groove body, the groove body is of a structure with one end plugged and the other end open, a connecting rod is connected to the plugging block, the end part of the connecting rod extends out of the open end of the groove body and is in transmission connection with a cylinder, the bottom of the groove body is communicated with the connecting pipe through a vent hole, and the air inlet end of the exhaust pipe is in sealing connection with the top of the groove body. The utility model has simple structure, can automatically release pressure, does not pollute the environment, is safe and environment-friendly, and has obvious economic value and social value.

Description

Safe and environment-friendly feeding system of zinc smelting electric furnace

Technical Field

The utility model relates to the technical field of zinc smelting, in particular to a safe and environment-friendly feeding system of a zinc smelting electric furnace.

Background

When the fire zinc is smelted, materials such as calcine, lime, quartz, coke and the like are used as raw materials, a screw feeder arranged at the top of an electric furnace is used for intermittently feeding the materials into a sealed zinc smelting ore heating electric furnace according to the required timing and quantification, then electric energy is input into a fused slag layer through an electric furnace transformer, a short net and a graphite electrode, the electric energy is converted into heat energy by slag resistance of the fused slag, a high-temperature slag molten pool is formed, zinc oxide in the calcine in the molten pool is reduced into metallic zinc steam by reducing gas carbon monoxide, and the zinc steam is discharged and condensed to obtain coarse zinc.

At present, when a screw feeder is used for feeding materials into an electric furnace, the pressure in the electric furnace is easily influenced, so that the pressure balance in the electric furnace is destroyed, explosion accidents can be caused by overlarge pressure, and certain potential safety hazards exist during feeding of the electric furnace, so that the long-term safe operation of the electric furnace is not facilitated; secondly, also some enterprises have set up pressure detector and pressure relief device on the electric stove, when the electric stove internal pressure exceeds standard, through pressure relief device pressure release, ensure that the pressure in the electric stove is in the requirement scope, but when this kind of pressure relief device pressure release, the exhaust flue gas often directly can switch on the atmosphere, causes the pollution of environment, and structure and complex operation need the manual work to open pressure relief device, exist artificial misoperation's risk. Therefore, it is objectively required to develop a safe and environment-friendly feeding system of a zinc smelting electric furnace, which has a simple structure, can automatically release pressure and does not pollute the environment.

Disclosure of Invention

The utility model aims to provide a safe and environment-friendly feeding system of a zinc smelting electric furnace, which has a simple structure, can automatically release pressure and does not pollute the environment.

The utility model aims at realizing the method, the method comprises the steps of an electric furnace, a blanking pipe, a screw conveyor and a hopper, wherein the upper end of the blanking pipe is blocked, the lower end of the blanking pipe is communicated with the top of the electric furnace, the bottom of the hopper is communicated with a feed port of the screw conveyor, a discharge port of the screw conveyor is communicated with the blanking pipe, a pressure sensor is arranged on the inner wall of the blanking pipe, a connecting pipe, a pressure release mechanism and an exhaust pipe are sequentially connected to the side wall of the blanking pipe, the air outlet end of the exhaust pipe is communicated with a system flue gas treatment device, the pressure release mechanism comprises a groove body and a blocking block which is slidably arranged in the groove body, the groove body is of a structure with one end blocked and the other end opened, a connecting rod is connected to the blocking block, the end of the connecting rod extends out of the open end of the groove body and is in transmission connection with a cylinder, the bottom of the groove body is communicated with the connecting pipe through a vent, and the air inlet end of the exhaust pipe is in sealing connection with the top of the groove body.

Further, the connecting rod is located the top of shutoff piece, and the tip of connecting rod is provided with the shrouding, and the inlet end processing of blast pipe has the opening, and the size of shrouding and open-ended size phase-match.

Further, cooling jackets are arranged on the outer walls of the connecting pipe and the exhaust pipe.

Further, the lower end face of the plugging block is provided with a high-temperature-resistant sealing gasket.

Further, the air inlet end of the connecting pipe is provided with a filter screen.

Further, the upper end of unloading pipe articulates there is the apron, and processing has the mediation hole on the apron, and the top of dredge hole is provided with the movable cover, and the movable cover articulates on the apron, is provided with L shape cardboard on the lateral wall of unloading pipe, and the vertical section of cardboard is fixed on the unloading pipe, is provided with the wedge between the horizontal segment of cardboard and the apron, between the horizontal segment of cardboard and the movable cover respectively.

Further, a ring plate is arranged on the blanking pipe above the top of the electric furnace.

Further, the width of the annular plate is 3-5 cm, and the distance between the annular plate and the top of the electric furnace is 2-4 cm.

Further, the screw conveyor comprises a shell and a rotating shaft arranged in the shell, a helical blade is arranged on the rotating shaft, one end of the rotating shaft extends out of the shell and is connected with a driving device in a transmission manner, a box body is sleeved on the rotating shaft between the shell and the driving device, and an aluminum silicate fiber blanket is filled in the box body.

When the pressure sensor detects that the pressure in the electric furnace is recovered to be normal, the cylinder is started again, the piston rod of the cylinder is stretched to drive the connecting rod and the plugging block to move forwards until the air hole is plugged, the connecting rod drives the plugging block to slide in the groove body, when the plugging block moves away from the air hole, the flue gas in the electric furnace sequentially passes through the blanking tube, the connecting tube and the air hole to enter the exhaust pipe, and then the exhaust pipe is introduced into the flue gas treatment device of the system for uniform purification treatment, so that the pressure in the electric furnace is reduced in a mode of discharging part of flue gas, safety accidents such as explosion and the like are prevented from being caused by the fact that the pressure in the electric furnace is too high, the safe operation of the electric furnace is ensured, when the pressure sensor detects that the pressure in the electric furnace is recovered to be normal, the cylinder is started again, the piston rod of the cylinder stretches to drive the connecting rod and the plugging block to block the air hole, and the flue gas in the electric furnace can not be discharged at this time, and the pressure in the electric furnace can be ensured to be stable. In summary, the utility model has simple structure, when the feeding system is operated, the pressure in the electric furnace is monitored in real time through the pressure sensor, and when the pressure is too high, the pressure can be automatically released through the pressure release mechanism, otherwise, when the pressure in the electric furnace is recovered to be normal, the pressure release mechanism can be stopped to ensure the normal pressure in the electric furnace, and the condition of too high pressure in the electric furnace is prevented by the mode, so that the potential safety hazard of the existing feeding system when the electric furnace is charged is eliminated, and the long-term safe operation of the electric furnace is ensured; and secondly, the discharged flue gas is introduced into a flue gas treatment device of the system for uniform purification treatment, and is not directly discharged into the atmosphere, so that the pollution of the flue gas to the environment can be avoided. The utility model has simple structure, can automatically release pressure, does not pollute the environment, is safe and environment-friendly, and has obvious economic value and social value.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present utility model;

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a front view of a pressure relief mechanism according to the present utility model;

FIG. 3 is a schematic top view of a pressure relief mechanism according to the present utility model;

FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a left-hand structure of a pressure relief mechanism according to the present utility model;

in the figure: the device comprises a 1-electric furnace, a 2-blanking pipe, a 3-screw conveyor, a 4-hopper, a 5-pressure sensor, a 6-connecting pipe, a 7-exhaust pipe, an 8-groove body, a 9-plugging block, a 10-connecting rod, a 11-cylinder, a 12-vent hole, a 13-sealing plate, a 14-opening, a 15-cooling jacket, a 16-high temperature resistant sealing gasket, a 17-filter screen, a 18-cover plate, a 19-vent hole, a 20-movable cover, a 21-clamping plate, a 22-wedge block, a 23-annular plate, a 24-shell, a 25-rotating shaft, a 26-spiral blade, a 27-driving device, a 28-box body and a 29-aluminum silicate fiber blanket.

Description of the embodiments

The utility model is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings, without limiting the utility model in any way, and any alterations or modifications based on the utility model are within the scope of the utility model.

As shown in fig. 1 to 4, the utility model comprises an electric furnace 1, a discharging pipe 2, a screw conveyor 3 and a hopper 4, wherein the structures of the electric furnace 1, the discharging pipe 2, the screw conveyor 3 and the hopper 4 are all the prior art, the electric furnace 1 is used for smelting zinc, the screw conveyor 3 is used for uniformly feeding materials with fixed time and fixed quantity, the hopper 4 is used for storing raw materials such as calcine, lime, quartz, coke and the like, when in use, the quantity of the discharging pipe 2, the screw conveyor 3 and the hopper 4 can be determined according to actual needs, the upper end of the discharging pipe 2 is blocked, the blocked structure can be a fixed mechanism or a movable structure, the blocked structure can be set into a structure which is convenient to open and close in order to clean the discharging pipe 2, the lower end is communicated with the top of the electric furnace 1, the bottom of the hopper 4 is communicated with a feed inlet of the screw conveyor 3, a discharge outlet of the screw conveyor 3 is communicated with the discharging pipe 2, a pressure sensor 5 is arranged on the inner wall of the discharging pipe 2, the pressure sensor 5 is an existing instrument for detecting the pressure in the electric furnace 1, the side wall of the blanking pipe 2 is sequentially connected with a connecting pipe 6, a pressure relief mechanism and an exhaust pipe 7, the air outlet end of the exhaust pipe 7 is communicated with a system flue gas treatment device, the system flue gas treatment device is an existing device and is used for dedusting, purifying and other treatments of flue gas and preventing the flue gas from polluting the environment, the system flue gas treatment device generally comprises a cyclone dust collector, a flue gas cooler, a bag dust collector, a desulfurization and denitrification tower and other devices, the pressure relief mechanism comprises a tank body 8 and a plugging block 9 which is slidably arranged in the tank body 8, the tank body 8 is of a structure with one end plugged and the other end open, a connecting rod 10 is connected to the plugging block 9, the end part of the connecting rod 10 extends out of the open end of the tank body 8 and is in transmission connection with a cylinder 11, the bottom of the tank body 8 is communicated with the connecting pipe 6 through a vent hole 12, the air inlet end of the exhaust pipe 7 is in sealing connection with the top of the tank body 8, and in order to prevent the fume from leaking, the air inlet end of the exhaust pipe 7 is in sealing connection with the top of the tank body 8.

When the utility model is used, raw materials such as treated calcine, lime, quartz, coke and the like fall into the screw conveyor 3 from the hopper 4, enter the blanking pipe 2 from the discharge end of the screw conveyor 3, are added into the electric furnace 1 through the blanking pipe 2 to smelt zinc, in the process, the pressure in the electric furnace 1 is detected in real time through the pressure sensor 5, when the pressure in the electric furnace 1 is overhigh and exceeds a required range, the cylinder 11 is started, the cylinder 11 drives the connecting rod 10 to retract through the piston rod, the connecting rod 10 drives the sealing block 9 to slide in the groove body 8, when the sealing block 9 moves away from the vent hole 12, the flue gas in the electric furnace 1 sequentially enters the exhaust pipe 7 through the blanking pipe 2, the connecting pipe 6 and the vent hole 12, and then the exhaust pipe 7 is introduced into the system flue gas treatment device to perform unified purification treatment, and then the pressure in the electric furnace 1 is reduced in a mode of discharging part of flue gas, so that safety accidents such as explosion and the like are prevented from being caused by overhigh pressure, the safe operation of the electric furnace 1 is ensured, when the pressure in the electric furnace 1 is detected by the pressure sensor 5 to recover the pressure in the normal range, the cylinder 11 is started again, the cylinder 11 is stretched, the connecting rod 10 and the sealing block 9 is driven to move forward until the sealing block 9 moves in the groove body 8, and the vent hole 9 can not stably discharge the flue gas in the electric furnace 1, and the sealing block 1 can be ensured. In summary, the utility model has simple structure, when the feeding system is operated, the pressure in the electric furnace 1 is monitored in real time through the pressure sensor 5, and when the pressure is too high, the pressure can be automatically released through the pressure release mechanism, otherwise, when the pressure in the electric furnace 1 is recovered to be normal, the pressure release mechanism can be stopped to ensure the normal pressure in the electric furnace 1, the condition of the too high pressure in the electric furnace 1 is prevented by the mode, the potential safety hazard of the existing feeding system when the electric furnace 1 is charged is eliminated, and the long-term safe operation of the electric furnace 1 is ensured; and secondly, the discharged flue gas is introduced into a flue gas treatment device of the system for uniform purification treatment, and is not directly discharged into the atmosphere, so that the pollution of the flue gas to the environment can be avoided.

The connecting rod 10 is located the top of shutoff piece 9, the tip of connecting rod 10 is provided with shrouding 13, the inlet end processing of blast pipe 7 has opening 14, shrouding 13's size and opening 14's size phase-match, pressure release mechanism is when using, shutoff piece 9 slides in cell body 8, shutoff piece 9 moves the inboard time of cell body 8, on the contrary, when shutoff piece 9 moves the cell body 8 outside, ventilation hole 12 is unblocked, the flue gas in the connecting pipe 6 can let in blast pipe 7 through ventilation hole 12, at this moment, shrouding 13 seals opening 14, prevent that the flue gas from leaking from opening 14, improve pressure release mechanism's leakproofness.

The outer walls of the connecting pipe 6 and the exhaust pipe 7 are provided with the cooling jacket 15, the cooling jacket 15 is of an existing structure and is arranged on the outer walls of the connecting pipe 6 and the exhaust pipe 7, when the novel flue gas preheating device is used, cooling water or other cooling mediums are introduced into the cooling jacket 15, waste heat in flue gas is prevented on one hand, heat waste is prevented, flue gas temperature is reduced, dust removal and purification treatment of subsequent flue gas are facilitated, hot water or heat mediums can be obtained on the other hand, and the novel flue gas preheating device is used for preheating domestic water or raw materials and the like, so that the heat utilization efficiency is improved.

The lower terminal surface of shutoff piece 9 is provided with high temperature resistant sealing gasket 16, and high temperature resistant sealing gasket 19 is current structure, can play sealed effect under high temperature condition, through high temperature resistant sealing gasket 16's setting, improves the sealing performance before shutoff piece 9 and the air vent 12, prevents that the flue gas from leaking from the gap between shutoff piece 9 and the air vent 12, causes the pollution of surrounding environment in turn.

The air inlet end of the connecting pipe 6 is provided with the filter screen 17, when the pressure is relieved, the flue gas is discharged from the connecting pipe 6, and as various dust is contained in the flue gas, the dust can cause the blocking of the connecting pipe 6 or the exhaust pipe 7 for a long time in the past, and the work load of a subsequent system flue gas treatment device can be increased.

The upper end of the blanking pipe 2 is hinged with a cover plate 18, a dredging hole 19 is formed in the cover plate 18, a movable cover 20 is arranged above the dredging hole 19, the movable cover 20 is hinged on the cover plate 18, an L-shaped clamping plate 21 is arranged on the side wall of the blanking pipe 2, the vertical section of the clamping plate 21 is fixed on the blanking pipe 2, wedge-shaped blocks 22 are respectively arranged between the horizontal section of the clamping plate 21 and the cover plate 18 and between the horizontal section of the clamping plate 21 and the movable cover 20, after the electric furnace 1 is used for a period of time, raw materials possibly adhere to the inner wall of the blanking pipe 2 and even cause blockage of the blanking pipe 2, at the moment, the wedge-shaped blocks 22 can be knocked out, the movable cover 20 is opened, a long rod is used for extending into the blanking pipe 2 to conduct emergency dredging on the blockage, so that normal blanking of the raw materials is ensured, and when the inner wall of the blanking pipe 2 needs to be thoroughly cleaned, the cover plate 18 can be opened, and the blanking pipe 2 is thoroughly cleaned.

The blanking pipe 2 above the top of the electric furnace 1 is provided with a ring plate 23, preferably, the width of the ring plate 23 is 3-5 cm, the distance between the ring plate 23 and the top of the electric furnace 1 is 2-4 cm, and the width of the ring plate 23 and the distance between the ring plate and the top of the electric furnace 1 can be determined according to practical situations. In the production process of the electric furnace 1, raw materials enter a hearth of the electric furnace 1 from a blanking pipe 2, the blanking pipe 2 is an indispensable part for zinc smelting of the electric furnace 1, the blanking pipe 2 is directly contacted with the furnace top of the electric furnace 1 and is communicated with the inside of the hearth, the joint between the blanking pipe 2 and the furnace top is easy to loosen after long-term use, at present, sealing materials such as asbestos water are needed to be used for sealing after the blanking pipe 2 loosens, but the blanking pipe 2 is easier to burn out after sealing due to poor heat dissipation at the sealing position, and in the production process, the problems of difficult operation, long time consumption and the like exist when the burnt blanking pipe 2 is replaced, and usually, 3 repairmen are needed to continuously work for 3 hours at the furnace top of the electric furnace 1, so that the labor intensity is high, and the production and the safety of the electric furnace 1 are seriously affected. In order to solve the problems, the annular plate 23 is arranged, the annular plate 23 is welded on the blanking pipe 2, so that an annular groove-shaped area is formed among the annular plate 23, the blanking pipe 2 and the furnace top of the electric furnace 1, when leakage occurs between the blanking pipe 2 and the furnace top of the electric furnace 1, sealing materials are filled in the annular groove-shaped area, the purpose of sealing is achieved, smoke leakage is prevented, and practice proves that the possibility of burning at the bottom of the blanking pipe 2 can be greatly reduced, the service life of the blanking pipe 2 can be effectively prolonged, and the convenience of sealing the blanking pipe 2 is obviously improved.

The screw conveyor 3 comprises a shell 24 and a rotating shaft 25 arranged in the shell 24, wherein a helical blade 26 is arranged on the rotating shaft 25, one end of the rotating shaft 25 extends out of the shell 24 and is connected with a driving device 27 in a transmission way, a box 28 is sleeved on the rotating shaft 25 between the shell 24 and the driving device 27, an aluminum silicate fiber blanket 29 is filled in the box 28, the box 28 is tightly abutted to the end part of the shell 24, the driving device 27 is of the prior art and usually comprises a motor and a transmission, and can also comprise a universal joint and other structures, the box 28 can be arranged at the position where the sealing of the parts is not tight, and in the practical use, the fact that a gap is easy to appear due to the fact that the sealing of the connecting position of the rotating shaft 25 and the shell 24 is poor, and in the production process of the electric furnace 1, smoke dust can leak from the gap between the rotating shaft 25 and the shell 24 to form a leakage point, thereby not only affecting the working environment, but also endangering the physical and mental health of workers. In order to prevent the problems, a box 28 is sleeved at the leakage position, aluminum silicate fibers 29 can be filled in the box 28, sealing fillers such as asbestos can also be filled in the box, the leakage of smoke dust can be controlled by controlling the compactness of the aluminum silicate fibers 29, and the leakage of the smoke dust can be effectively reduced under the condition of small pressure of 0-400 Pa, so that the smoke dust leakage point of a feeding system is eliminated.

Claims

1. The safe and environment-friendly feeding system of the zinc smelting electric furnace comprises an electric furnace (1), a discharging pipe (2), a screw conveyor (3) and a hopper (4), and is characterized in that the upper end of the discharging pipe (2) is plugged, the lower end of the discharging pipe is communicated with the top of the electric furnace (1), the bottom of the hopper (4) is communicated with a feeding hole of the screw conveyor (3), a discharging hole of the screw conveyor (3) is communicated with the discharging pipe (2), a pressure sensor (5) is arranged on the inner wall of the discharging pipe (2), a connecting pipe (6), a pressure release mechanism and an exhaust pipe (7) are sequentially connected to the side wall of the discharging pipe (2), the air outlet end of the exhaust pipe (7) is communicated with a system flue gas treatment device, the pressure release mechanism comprises a groove body (8) and a plugging block (9) which is slidably installed in the groove body (8), the other end of the sealing block (9) is of an open structure, the end of the connecting rod (10) is connected with the connecting rod (8), the end of the connecting rod (10) extends out of the opening end of the groove body (8), and a cylinder (11) is connected to the rear transmission of the opening end of the groove body (8), and the bottom of the groove body (8) is connected with the top of the sealing end of the exhaust pipe (6) through the vent (6).

2. The safe and environment-friendly feeding system of the zinc-smelting electric furnace is characterized in that the connecting rod (10) is positioned at the top of the plugging block (9), a sealing plate (13) is arranged at the end part of the connecting rod (10), an opening (14) is formed in the air inlet end of the exhaust pipe (7), and the size of the sealing plate (13) is matched with that of the opening (14).

3. The safe and environment-friendly feeding system of the zinc smelting electric furnace, as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that cooling jackets (15) are arranged on the outer walls of the connecting pipe (6) and the exhaust pipe (7).

4. The safe and environment-friendly feeding system of the zinc smelting electric furnace, as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that a high-temperature-resistant sealing gasket (16) is arranged on the lower end face of the plugging block (9).

5. The safe and environment-friendly feeding system of the zinc smelting electric furnace, as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that a filter screen (17) is arranged at the air inlet end of the connecting pipe (6).

6. The safe and environment-friendly feeding system of the zinc smelting electric furnace, as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that a cover plate (18) is hinged to the upper end of the blanking pipe (2), a dredging hole (19) is formed in the cover plate (18), a movable cover (20) is arranged above the dredging hole (19), the movable cover (20) is hinged to the cover plate (18), an L-shaped clamping plate (21) is arranged on the side wall of the blanking pipe (2), the vertical section of the clamping plate (21) is fixed to the blanking pipe (2), and wedge-shaped blocks (22) are respectively arranged between the horizontal section of the clamping plate (21) and the cover plate (18) and between the horizontal section of the clamping plate (21) and the movable cover (20).

7. The safe and environment-friendly feeding system of the zinc-smelting electric furnace, as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that a ring plate (23) is arranged on a blanking pipe (2) above the top of the electric furnace (1).

8. The safe and environment-friendly feeding system of the zinc-smelting electric furnace, as claimed in claim 7, wherein the width of the annular plate (23) is 3-5 cm, and the distance between the annular plate (23) and the top of the electric furnace (1) is 2-4 cm.

9. The safe and environment-friendly feeding system of the zinc smelting electric furnace is characterized in that the spiral conveyor (3) comprises a shell (24) and a rotating shaft (25) arranged in the shell (24), a spiral blade (26) is arranged on the rotating shaft (25), one end of the rotating shaft (25) extends out of the shell (24) and is connected with a driving device (27) in a transmission mode, a box body (28) is sleeved on the rotating shaft (25) between the shell (24) and the driving device (27), an aluminum silicate fiber blanket (29) is filled in the box body (28), and the box body (28) abuts against the end portion of the shell (24).