CN219163444U - Front end module and fuel cell stack - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model provides a front-end component and a fuel cell stack, wherein the front-end component comprises: the front insulating plate is arranged between the front end plate and the front collecting plate, and the front insulating plate and the front end plate are correspondingly provided with a hydrogen gas inlet, a hydrogen gas outlet, an air gas inlet, an air gas outlet, a cooling water inlet and a cooling water outlet which are respectively used for being correspondingly communicated with an internal flow channel of the reactor core, wherein the air gas outlet is lower than the air gas inlet; the utility model correspondingly arranges a hydrogen gas inlet, a hydrogen gas outlet, an air inlet, an air outlet, a cooling water inlet and a cooling water outlet on the front insulating plate and the front end plate, and respectively communicates with the internal flow channel of the reactor core to provide hydrogen, oxygen and cooling liquid for the reactor core, and discharges the hydrogen, air or oxygen, cooling liquid and water which do not completely react; the air outlet is lower than the air inlet, so that the air or oxygen and water which are not completely reacted can be conveniently discharged, and flooding is avoided.

Description

Front end module and fuel cell stack

Technical Field

The present utility model relates to the field of fuel cells, and in particular, to a front end module and a fuel cell stack.

Background

Currently, fuel cell technology has begun to be commercially applied in the automotive field, and in particular, heavy trucks of hydrogen fuel cells, passenger cars and other products have been gradually popularized and demonstrated nationwide. In the field of rail transit, hydrogen fuel cell trams, hydrogen fuel cell locomotives and the like have also been proposed.

Rail traffic equipment has a large power demand on the fuel cell stack. At present, commercial fuel cell stack products are mainly oriented to the field of automobiles, the power is low, the conventional running requirements of rail vehicles are difficult to meet, and the fuel cell stacks oriented to the higher power requirements in the field of rail traffic are required to be custom-designed and developed.

The existing fuel cell stack does not fully consider the drainage design of the air outlet, so that the fuel cell stack is flooded under high power.

Disclosure of Invention

The utility model provides a front end component and a fuel cell stack, which are used for solving the problem that the fuel cell stack is flooded under high power due to the fact that the fuel cell stack does not fully consider the drainage design of an air outlet in the prior art.

The present utility model provides a front end assembly comprising: the front insulation board is arranged between the front end board and the front current collecting board, and the front insulation board and the front end board are correspondingly provided with a hydrogen gas inlet, a hydrogen gas outlet, an air gas inlet, an air gas outlet, a cooling water inlet and a cooling water outlet which are respectively used for being correspondingly communicated with an internal flow channel of the reactor core, wherein the air gas outlet is lower than the air gas inlet.

According to the front end assembly provided by the utility model, one side of the front insulating plate is provided with a plurality of bosses, the hydrogen gas inlet, the hydrogen gas outlet, the air inlet, the air outlet, the cooling water inlet and the cooling water outlet are correspondingly arranged on the bosses, the front end plate is correspondingly provided with a plurality of openings, and a plurality of bosses are correspondingly embedded in the openings.

According to the front end assembly provided by the utility model, the other side of the front insulating plate is provided with the groove, the groove is positioned in the structural range surrounded by the bosses, and the front current collecting plate is embedded in the groove.

According to the front end assembly provided by the utility model, the top of the air outlet is 30mm lower than the top of the air inlet.

The utility model also provides a fuel cell stack, which comprises the front end assembly, a rear end assembly, a reactor core, a screw rod assembly and a limiting assembly, wherein the front end assembly and the rear end assembly fix the reactor core between the front end assembly and the screw rod assembly through the screw rod assembly, and the limiting assembly is used for limiting the reactor core.

According to the fuel cell stack provided by the utility model, the reactor core comprises a bipolar plate, the bipolar plate comprises an anode plate and a cathode plate, the anode plate and the cathode plate are all metal stainless steel plate stamping parts, the anode plate and the cathode plate are oppositely arranged to form a cooling flow channel with a containing cavity, and the hydrogen gas inlet, the hydrogen gas outlet, the air inlet, the air outlet, the cooling water inlet and the cooling water outlet are respectively communicated with the internal flow channel of the reactor core.

According to the fuel cell stack provided by the utility model, the thickness of the anode plate and the cathode plate is 0.1mm.

According to the fuel cell stack provided by the utility model, the reactor core is further provided with a hydrogen inlet manifold runner, a hydrogen outlet manifold runner, an air inlet manifold runner, an air outlet manifold runner, a cooling water inlet manifold runner and a cooling water outlet manifold runner, wherein the hydrogen inlet is communicated with the hydrogen inlet manifold runner, and the hydrogen outlet is communicated with the hydrogen outlet manifold runner; the air inlet is communicated with the air inlet manifold runner, and the air outlet is communicated with the air outlet manifold runner; the cooling water inlet is communicated with the cooling water inlet manifold runner, and the cooling water outlet is communicated with the cooling water outlet manifold runner.

According to the fuel cell stack provided by the utility model, the air inlet manifold runner, the air outlet manifold runner, the cooling water inlet manifold runner and the cooling water outlet manifold runner are divided into a plurality of runners.

According to the fuel cell stack provided by the utility model, the fuel cell stack further comprises a plurality of disc spring assemblies, the rear end assembly comprises a rear end plate, a rear insulating plate, a rear current collecting plate and a rear pressing plate, the rear end plate is connected with the rear pressing plate through the plurality of disc spring assemblies, and the rear insulating plate is arranged between the rear current collecting plate and the rear end plate.

According to the front end assembly and the fuel cell stack, the front insulating plate is arranged between the front collecting plate and the front end plate, the front insulating plate and the front end plate are correspondingly provided with the hydrogen gas inlet, the hydrogen gas outlet, the air gas inlet, the air outlet, the cooling water inlet and the cooling water outlet, and each inlet and each outlet are respectively correspondingly communicated with the internal flow channel of the reactor core, so that hydrogen, oxygen and cooling liquid are provided for the reactor core, and hydrogen, air or oxygen which are not completely reacted in the reactor core, cooling liquid and generated water can be discharged; further, the air outlet is lower than the air inlet, so that the air or oxygen which is not completely reacted and water generated by the reaction are conveniently discharged, and flooding is avoided.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the utility model or the technical solutions of the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described, and it is obvious that the drawings in the description below are some embodiments of the utility model, and other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.

FIG. 1 is an exploded view of a fuel cell stack according to the present utility model;

fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of a fuel cell stack according to the present utility model;

FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of a front end assembly provided by the present utility model;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the structure of the front insulating plate provided by the present utility model;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the structure of the front end plate provided by the present utility model;

FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the structure of the core provided by the present utility model;

fig. 7 is a front view of a battery assembly formed of a bipolar plate and a seal member provided by the present utility model;

fig. 8 is an exploded view of a battery assembly provided by the present utility model;

FIG. 9 is a schematic structural view of a back end assembly provided by the present utility model;

FIG. 10 is a schematic view of the structure of the rear end plate provided by the present utility model;

FIG. 11 is a schematic view of the disc spring assembly of the present utility model mounted to the rear end plate;

FIG. 12 is a schematic view of the structure of the rear platen provided by the present utility model;

reference numerals:

100: a front end assembly; 110: a front end plate; 120: a front insulating plate; 121: a hydrogen gas inlet; 122: a hydrogen gas outlet; 123: an air inlet; 124: an air outlet; 125: a cooling water inlet; 126: a cooling water outlet; 130: a front current collecting plate;

200: a core; 210: a bipolar plate; 220: a seal; 230: a hydrogen intake manifold runner; 240: a hydrogen outlet manifold flow channel; 250: an air intake manifold runner; 260: an air outlet manifold flow channel; 270: a cooling water inlet manifold runner; 280: a cooling water outlet manifold runner;

300: a back end assembly; 310: a rear end plate; 320: a rear insulating plate; 330: a rear current collecting plate; 340: a rear pressing plate;

400: a screw assembly; 510: a first limit assembly; 520: the second limiting component; 600: and a disc spring assembly.

Detailed Description

For the purpose of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present utility model more apparent, the technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present utility model, not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the utility model without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the utility model.

The front end module and the fuel cell stack provided by the present utility model are described below with reference to fig. 1 to 12.

The present utility model provides a front end assembly comprising: the front end plate 110, the front insulating plate 120 and the front collecting plate 130, the front insulating plate 120 is disposed between the front end plate 110 and the front collecting plate 130, and the front insulating plate 120 and the front end plate 110 are correspondingly provided with a hydrogen gas inlet 121, a hydrogen gas outlet 122, an air gas inlet 123, an air gas outlet 124, a cooling water inlet 125 and a cooling water outlet 126, which are respectively used for corresponding communication with the internal flow channel of the reactor core 200, wherein the air gas outlet 124 is lower than the air gas inlet 123.

The fuel cell comprises a front end assembly 100, a rear end assembly 300 and a reactor core 200, wherein the reactor core 200 is arranged between the front end assembly 100 and the rear end assembly 300, hydrogen and air (oxygen in air) enter the reactor core 200 through the front end assembly 100, oxidation-reduction reaction occurs under the action of a catalyst on a membrane electrode, water is generated, electricity is generated at the same time, and the generated water is discharged through the front end assembly 100.

Specifically, referring to fig. 3, the front end assembly 100 includes a front end plate 110, a front insulating plate 120, and a front collecting plate 130, the front collecting plate 130 being disposed close to the core 200, the front end plate 110 being disposed away from the core 200, the front insulating plate 120 being disposed between the front end plate 110 and the front collecting plate 130; further, the front end plate 110 and the front insulating plate 120 are correspondingly provided with a hydrogen gas inlet 121, a hydrogen gas outlet 122, an air inlet 123, an air outlet 124, a cooling water inlet 125 and a cooling water outlet 126, so as to provide gas and cooling liquid required by the fuel cell stack or discharge gas, products and cooling liquid in the fuel cell stack.

The hydrogen gas inlet 121 is communicated with the flow channel in the reactor core 200, and hydrogen gas can enter the first flow channel in the reactor core 200 through the hydrogen gas inlet 121 to provide hydrogen gas for the fuel cell stack; the hydrogen gas outlet 122 is communicated with a second flow passage in the reactor core 200, and hydrogen which is not completely reacted can be discharged through the hydrogen gas outlet 122; the air intake 123 communicates with a third flow passage of the core, and air or oxygen enters the third flow passage within the core 200 to provide oxygen to the fuel cell stack; the air outlet 124 communicates with a fourth flow passage in the core 200, and the incompletely reacted air or oxygen can be discharged through the air outlet 124; the cooling water inlet 125 is communicated with a fifth runner in the reactor core 200 to provide cooling liquid for the fuel cell stack; the cooling water outlet 126 communicates with the sixth flow passage in the core 200, and the incompletely heat exchanged cooling liquid and/or the heat exchanged cooling liquid can be discharged through the cooling water outlet 126.

The oxidation-reduction reaction of oxygen and hydrogen in the air generates water, and the air outlet 124 of the front end assembly 100 is lower than the air inlet 123, namely the top of the air outlet 124 is lower than the top of the air inlet 123, so that the generated water and the air or oxygen which is not completely reacted are favorably discharged through the air outlet 124, and flooding on the air outlet side is prevented.

According to the front end assembly provided by the utility model, the front insulating plate is arranged between the front collecting plate and the front end plate, the front insulating plate and the front end plate are correspondingly provided with the hydrogen gas inlet, the hydrogen gas outlet, the air gas inlet, the air gas outlet, the cooling water inlet and the cooling water outlet, and each inlet and outlet are correspondingly communicated with the internal flow passage of the reactor core respectively, so that hydrogen, oxygen and cooling liquid are provided for the reactor core, and hydrogen, air or oxygen which is not completely reacted in the reactor core, cooling liquid and generated water can be discharged; further, the air outlet is lower than the air inlet, so that the air or oxygen which is not completely reacted and water generated by the reaction are conveniently discharged, and flooding is avoided.

Further, referring to fig. 4 and 5, one side of the front insulating plate 120 is provided with a plurality of bosses, and the hydrogen gas inlet 121, the hydrogen gas outlet 122, the air gas inlet 123, the air gas outlet 124, the cooling water inlet 125 and the cooling water outlet 126 are correspondingly disposed on the bosses, and the front end plate 110 is correspondingly provided with a plurality of openings, where the plurality of bosses are correspondingly embedded in the openings.

Referring to fig. 4, six bosses are provided on one side of the front insulating plate 120, through holes are provided on each boss, and are a hydrogen gas inlet 121, a hydrogen gas outlet 122, an air gas inlet 123, an air gas outlet 124, a cooling water inlet 125 and a cooling water outlet 126, referring to fig. 5, six openings are correspondingly provided on the front end plate 110, the openings are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the bosses, and the sizes of the bosses are matched with the sizes of the openings, so that the bosses can be correspondingly embedded in the openings, and further, the front end plate 110 and the front collecting plate 130 are fixedly installed.

According to the utility model, the front end plate 110 is provided with the opening, the boss of the front insulating plate 120 is correspondingly provided with the inlet and the outlet, and the boss is embedded in the opening, so that the hydrogen gas inlet 121, the hydrogen gas outlet 122, the air gas inlet 123, the air gas outlet 124, the cooling water inlet 125 and the cooling water outlet 126 on the front insulating plate 120 can be prevented from contacting the front end plate 110, and the insulativity and the safety are improved.

Further, on the basis of the above embodiment, the other side of the front insulating plate 120 is provided with a groove, the groove is located within the range of the structure surrounded by the plurality of bosses, and the front current collecting plate 130 is embedded in the groove.

Specifically, a boss is disposed on one side of the front insulating plate 120, and a through hole is disposed on the boss to form a hydrogen gas inlet 121, a hydrogen gas outlet 122, an air gas inlet 123, an air gas outlet 124, a cooling water inlet 125 and a cooling water outlet 126, and a groove is disposed on the other side of the front insulating plate 120 and is located in a structural range enclosed by the hydrogen gas inlet 121, the hydrogen gas outlet 122, the air gas inlet 123, the air gas outlet 124, the cooling water inlet 125 and the cooling water outlet 126, that is, the hydrogen gas inlet 121, the hydrogen gas outlet 122, the air gas inlet 123, the air gas outlet 124, the cooling water inlet 125 and the cooling water outlet 126 are located outside the groove, and the front collecting plate 130 is fixed with the front insulating plate 120, so that the hydrogen gas inlet 121, the hydrogen gas outlet 122, the air gas inlet 123, the air gas outlet 124, the cooling water inlet 125 and the cooling water outlet 126 are prevented from contacting the front collecting plate 130, and insulation and safety are improved.

Further, the top of the air outlet 124 is 30mm lower than the top of the air inlet 123 on the basis of the above embodiment.

In one embodiment, the top of the air outlet 124 is 30mm below the top of the air inlet 123, which facilitates the air outlet 124 to remove incompletely reacted air or oxygen, as well as water produced by the reaction, preventing flooding of the air outlet side.

In this embodiment, the distance between the top of the air outlet 124 and the top of the air inlet 123 is not particularly limited, and the top of the air outlet 124 may be lower than the top of the air inlet 123.

In this embodiment, the positional relationship between the bottom of the air outlet 124 and the bottom of the air inlet 123 is not particularly limited, and the bottom of the air outlet 124 may be higher than the bottom of the air inlet 123, and the bottom of the air outlet 124 may be lower than the bottom of the air inlet 123.

The top of the air outlet 124 is lower than the top of the air inlet 123, so that the air outlet 124 can conveniently discharge incompletely reacted air or oxygen and water generated by the reaction, and flooding is prevented. According to the utility model, the boss is arranged on one side of the front insulating plate 120, the plurality of inlets and the plurality of outlets are correspondingly arranged on the boss, the front insulating plate 120 is embedded in the opening of the front end plate 110 through the boss, and the inlets and the outlets on the front insulating plate 120 are isolated from the front end plate 110; through set up the recess in the opposite side of preceding insulation, and a plurality of boss are located the outside of recess, and preceding current collector 130 inlays in the recess, with the import and the export on the front insulation board 120 with preceding current collector 130 isolation, avoid hydrogen air inlet 121, hydrogen gas outlet 122, air inlet 123, air outlet 124, cooling water inlet 125 and cooling water delivery port 126 and preceding current collector 130 contact, improve insulativity and security.

In addition, the existing fuel cell stack adopts the etched metal plate as the bipolar plate 210 of the reactor core 200, the weight of the reactor core 200 is heavy, and the mass power density of the whole stack is reduced.

Referring to fig. 1 and 2, the present utility model further provides a fuel cell stack including the front end assembly 100 of any of the above embodiments, and further including a back end assembly 300, a core 200, a screw assembly 400, and a limiting assembly for limiting the core 200, the front end assembly 100 and the back end assembly 300 fixing the core 200 therebetween by the screw assembly 400.

The fuel cell stack provided by the utility model comprises a front end assembly 100, a rear end assembly 300, a core 200, a screw assembly 400 and a limit assembly, wherein the screw assembly 400 is used for fastening the front end assembly 100, the core 200 and the rear end assembly 300, and the limit assembly can support the core 200 to be positioned so as to prevent the core 200 from shifting between the front end assembly 100 and the rear end assembly 300.

The screw assembly 400 includes a screw, a heat-shrinkable sleeve, and a nut, where the heat-shrinkable sleeve is sleeved on the screw, and the heat-shrinkable sleeve is used to prevent the screw from contacting the core 200 and play a role of protection and insulation. The front end plate 110 assembly and the rear end plate 310 assembly are correspondingly provided with mounting holes, such as counter bores, and the side surfaces of the front end plate 110 assembly and the rear end plate 310 assembly are provided with notches, so that the screw rod assembly 400 is convenient to mount from the side surface; during the actual installation, the screw assemblies 400 pass through the front end plate 110 assembly and the rear end plate 310 assembly in sequence and are fastened by nuts, thereby fixing the core 200 between the front end plate 110 assembly and the rear end plate 310 assembly.

The spacing assembly includes a first spacing assembly 510 and a second spacing assembly 520, wherein the first spacing assembly 510 is disposed at the top and bottom of the core 200 for limiting the displacement of the core 200 in the vertical direction, and the second spacing assembly 520 is disposed at the left and right sides of the core 200 for limiting the displacement of the core 200 in the horizontal direction, wherein the front-back direction of the core 200 coincides with the direction of the front end plate 110 assembly and the rear end plate 310 assembly, and the left-right direction of the core 200 is perpendicular to the front-back direction.

The limiting assembly comprises a limiting rod and an insulating gasket, the front end assembly 100 and the rear end assembly 300 are correspondingly provided with mounting grooves, the limiting assembly is fixed in the mounting grooves of the front end plate 110 assembly and the rear end plate 310 assembly, and the insulating gasket is arranged between the limiting rod and the reactor core 200 to protect the reactor core 200.

In one embodiment, the stop bars are insulating bars or aluminum alloy bars and are de-engineered to provide strength while supporting the restraining core and reducing the weight of the fuel cell stack.

Further, the reactor core 200 provided by the utility model comprises a bipolar plate 210, the bipolar plate 210 comprises an anode plate and a cathode plate, the anode plate and the cathode plate are all stamping parts made of metal stainless steel plates, the anode plate and the cathode plate are oppositely arranged to form a cooling flow passage with a containing cavity, and a hydrogen gas inlet 121, a hydrogen gas outlet 122, an air inlet 123, an air outlet 124, a cooling water inlet 125 and a cooling water outlet 126 are respectively communicated with the internal flow passage of the reactor core 200.

Referring to fig. 7 and 8, the core 200 includes a bipolar plate 210, a sealing member 220, and a membrane electrode, the bipolar plate 210, the sealing member 220, and the membrane electrode form a battery assembly, the bipolar plate 210 includes an anode plate and a cathode plate, the anode plate is provided with an anode runner, the cathode plate is provided with a cathode runner, circumferential sides of the anode runner and the cathode runner are provided with sealing grooves, the anode plate and the cathode plate are disposed opposite to each other, for example, are connected by welding, and are sealed by the sealing member 220, and the anode plate and the cathode plate form a cooling runner having a receiving cavity.

Further, the hydrogen gas inlet 121, the hydrogen gas outlet 122, the air inlet 123, the air outlet 124, the cooling water inlet 125 and the cooling water outlet 126 are respectively communicated with the internal flow channels of the reactor core, provide gas and cooling liquid required for operation of the fuel cell stack, and discharge the gas which is not completely reacted and the generated water.

The membrane electrode consists of a proton exchange membrane, a catalyst, a gas diffusion layer and the like, the working principle of the proton exchange membrane fuel cell is as follows, and hydrogen reacts under the action of an anode catalyst: h ₂ →2H++2e ^- The hydrogen ions reach the cathode through the electrolyte, the electrons reach the cathode through an external circuit, and react with oxygen in the air to generate water and 2H under the action of a cathode catalyst ⁺ +2e ^- +1/2O ₂ →H ₂ O, the total reaction is 2H ₂ +O ₂ →2H ₂ O, by this reaction, the generated electricity is output to the outside through the current collecting plate.

Further, the anode plate and the cathode plate are stamped from metal stainless steel plates, and the core 200 is light in weight and high in power density of the whole fuel cell stack relative to the etched metal plates serving as the bipolar plates 210 of the core 200.

In one embodiment, the anode flow channel of the anode plate is a serpentine flow channel, the cathode flow channel of the cathode plate is a wavy flow channel, and the inner cavities of the anode plate and the cathode plate after welding and sealing form a cooling flow channel.

The present utility model is not particularly limited with respect to the anode plate runner and the cathode plate runner.

Further, the thickness of the anode plate and the cathode plate was 0.1mm based on the above embodiment.

In one embodiment, the anode plate is a 0.1mm metal stainless steel plate stamping part, the cathode plate is a 0.1mm metal stainless steel plate stamping part, the anode plate and the cathode plate are thin and light in weight, and the power of the fuel cell stack is further improved.

The thicknesses of the anode plate and the cathode plate in this embodiment are not particularly limited, and may be selected according to practical situations.

In one embodiment, the number of bipolar plates 210 and membrane electrodes in the reactor core 200 is 300-500, the output power of the fuel cell stack of the type can be up to 120KW-200KW, and the continuous operation requirements of rail traffic equipment such as hydrogen fuel cell locomotives, trams and the like can be strongly supported, and the drainage of the stack is smooth under high power.

On the basis of the above embodiment, referring to fig. 6, the reactor core 200 further has a hydrogen inlet manifold runner 230, a hydrogen outlet manifold runner 240, an air inlet manifold runner 250, an air outlet manifold runner 260, a cooling water inlet manifold runner 270 and a cooling water outlet manifold runner 280, the hydrogen inlet 121 is communicated with the hydrogen inlet manifold runner 230, and the hydrogen enters the anode plate serpentine runner through the hydrogen inlet 121 and the hydrogen inlet manifold runner 230 in sequence to supply hydrogen to the fuel cell stack; the hydrogen gas outlet 122 is communicated with the hydrogen gas outlet manifold flow passage, and hydrogen gas which is not completely reacted is discharged through the hydrogen gas outlet manifold flow passage 240 and the hydrogen gas outlet 122 in sequence; the air inlet 123 is communicated with the air inlet manifold runner 250, and air or oxygen sequentially enters the cathode plate wavy runner through the air inlet 123 and the air inlet manifold runner 250 to provide oxygen for the fuel cell stack; the air outlet 124 is communicated with the air outlet manifold flow channel 260, the air which is not completely reacted is discharged through the air outlet manifold flow channel 260 and the air outlet 124, and meanwhile, the water generated by the oxidation-reduction reaction is also discharged through the air outlet 124; the cooling water inlet 125 is communicated with the cooling water inlet manifold runner 270, and the cooling liquid sequentially enters the reactor core 200 through the cooling water inlet 125 and the cooling water inlet manifold runner 270; the cooling water outlet 126 is communicated with the cooling water outlet manifold flow channel 280, and incompletely heat exchanged cooling liquid and/or cooling liquid with heat exchange completion is sequentially discharged through the cooling water outlet manifold flow channel 280 and the cooling water outlet 126.

In the core 200, the hydrogen and oxygen in the air undergo oxidation-reduction reaction under the action of the catalyst on the membrane electrode to generate water and electricity, the generated water is discharged through the air outlet manifold flow passage 260 and the air outlet 124, and the generated electricity is output through the lugs on the collector plate.

Further, the insides of the air inlet manifold runner 250, the air outlet manifold runner 260, the cooling water inlet manifold runner 270, and the cooling water outlet manifold runner 280 are divided into a plurality of runners on the basis of the above-described embodiments.

In one embodiment, referring to FIG. 6, the air intake manifold runner 250 is internally divided into 3 runners, through which air enters the cathode plate corrugated runner; the air outlet manifold flow passage 260 has 3 flow passages at the inner portion thereof, and the air which is not completely reacted is discharged out of the core 200 through the 3 flow passages; the inner part of the cooling water inlet manifold runner 270 is provided with 3 runners, and the cooling liquid enters the cooling runners of the bipolar plate inner cavity through the 3 runners; the cooling water outlet manifold flow passage 280 has 3 flow passages in the inner part, and the cooling liquid which is not completely heat exchanged and/or completely exchanged is discharged out of the reactor core 200 through the 3 flow passages; the hydrogen inlet manifold channel 230 and the hydrogen outlet manifold channel 240 are single-pass channels.

The utility model equally divides the interior of the air inlet manifold runner 250, the air outlet manifold runner 260, the cooling water inlet manifold runner 270 and the cooling water outlet manifold runner 280 into a plurality of runners, so that the flow in each runner is uniform, and the reaction rate can be improved.

The number of the channels in the air inlet manifold channel 250, the air outlet manifold channel 260, the cooling water inlet manifold channel 270, and the cooling water outlet manifold channel 280 is not particularly limited, and may be the same or different, and may be set according to the actual flow rate and reaction speed.

The air inlet 123 in the present utility model may also directly introduce oxygen.

Further, referring to fig. 9, the fuel cell stack further includes a plurality of disc spring assemblies 600, and the rear end assembly 300 includes a rear end plate 310, a rear insulating plate 320, a rear current collecting plate 330, and a rear pressure plate 340, the rear end plate 310 being connected to the rear pressure plate 340 through the plurality of disc spring assemblies 600, the rear insulating plate 320 being disposed between the rear current collecting plate 330 and the rear end plate 310.

The main function of the disc spring assembly 600 is to relieve displacement deformation caused by heat expansion and cold contraction of the reactor core 200, the disc spring assembly 600 comprises a disc spring and a gasket, one side of the rear end plate 310 is provided with a plurality of positioning columns, as shown in fig. 10, the rear pressure plate 340 is correspondingly provided with a plurality of disc spring grooves, as shown in fig. 12, the positioning columns are in one-to-one correspondence with the disc spring grooves, the gasket and the disc spring are sequentially sleeved on the positioning columns on the rear end plate 310, and the disc springs are embedded in the disc spring grooves in one-to-one correspondence; in the actual installation process, a plurality of disc spring assemblies 600 are sleeved on the positioning posts on the rear end plate 310 in a one-to-one correspondence manner, as shown in fig. 11, and the other ends of the disc springs are pressed in the disc spring grooves of the rear pressing plate 340 by pressure.

The utility model forms soft connection between the rear end plate 310 and the rear pressure plate 340 through the disc spring assembly 600, so that the force on the rear pressure plate 340 can be more uniformly transmitted to the bipolar plate 210 of the reactor core 200 on one hand, and the problem of inconsistent pile length in the pile loading and using processes can be overcome to a certain extent through the characteristics of the disc spring assembly 600 on the other hand, and the pile length is basically consistent in the whole life cycle of the same batch of piles.

Further, referring to fig. 1, a rear insulation plate 320 is connected to the other side of the rear end plate 310, a limit groove is formed on one side of the rear insulation plate 320, which is close to the core 200, and a rear current collecting plate 330 is embedded in the limit groove, i.e., the rear insulation plate 320 is disposed between the rear current collecting plate 330 and the rear end plate 310.

Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solution of the present utility model, and are not limiting; although the utility model has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical scheme described in the foregoing embodiments can be modified or some technical features thereof can be replaced by equivalents; such modifications and substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present utility model.

Claims (10)

1. A front end assembly, comprising: the front insulation board is arranged between the front end board and the front current collecting board, and the front insulation board and the front end board are correspondingly provided with a hydrogen gas inlet, a hydrogen gas outlet, an air gas inlet, an air gas outlet, a cooling water inlet and a cooling water outlet which are respectively used for being correspondingly communicated with an internal flow channel of the reactor core, wherein the air gas outlet is lower than the air gas inlet.

2. The front end assembly of claim 1, wherein a plurality of bosses are disposed on one side of the front insulating plate, the hydrogen gas inlet, the hydrogen gas outlet, the air gas inlet, the air gas outlet, the cooling water inlet and the cooling water outlet are correspondingly disposed on the bosses, a plurality of openings are correspondingly disposed on the front end plate, and a plurality of bosses are correspondingly embedded in the openings.

3. The front end assembly of claim 2, wherein a groove is formed in the other side of the front insulating plate, the groove is located within a structural range surrounded by the bosses, and the front current collecting plate is embedded in the groove.

4. The front end assembly of claim 1, wherein the top of the air outlet is 30mm below the top of the air inlet.

5. A fuel cell stack comprising the front end assembly of any one of claims 1 to 4, further comprising a back end assembly, a core, a screw assembly, and a spacing assembly, the front end assembly and the back end assembly securing the core therebetween by the screw assembly, the spacing assembly being for limiting the core.

6. The fuel cell stack of claim 5 wherein the core comprises bipolar plates comprising anode plates and cathode plates, the anode plates and the cathode plates being stamped metal stainless steel plates, the anode plates and the cathode plates being disposed opposite one another to form cooling channels having receiving cavities, the hydrogen gas inlet, the hydrogen gas outlet, the air inlet, the air outlet, the cooling water inlet, and the cooling water outlet being in communication with the core interior channels, respectively.

7. The fuel cell stack of claim 6, wherein the anode plate and the cathode plate each have a thickness of 0.1mm.

8. The fuel cell stack of claim 6 wherein the core further has a hydrogen inlet manifold runner, a hydrogen outlet manifold runner, an air inlet manifold runner, an air outlet manifold runner, a cooling water inlet manifold runner, and a cooling water outlet manifold runner, the hydrogen inlet in communication with the hydrogen inlet manifold runner and the hydrogen outlet in communication with the hydrogen outlet manifold runner; the air inlet is communicated with the air inlet manifold runner, and the air outlet is communicated with the air outlet manifold runner; the cooling water inlet is communicated with the cooling water inlet manifold runner, and the cooling water outlet is communicated with the cooling water outlet manifold runner.

9. The fuel cell stack according to claim 8, wherein the interiors of the air intake manifold runner, the air outlet manifold runner, the cooling water intake manifold runner, and the cooling water outlet manifold runner are divided equally into a plurality of runners.

10. The fuel cell stack of claim 5 further comprising a plurality of disc spring assemblies, the back end assembly comprising a back end plate, a back insulator plate, a back current collector plate, and a back pressure plate, the back end plate being connected to the back pressure plate by a plurality of the disc spring assemblies, the back insulator plate being disposed between the back current collector plate and the back end plate.

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