CN219146139U

CN219146139U - Solar constant temperature and humidity ginger germination accelerating bed

Info

Publication number: CN219146139U
Application number: CN202223473650.7U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 宋祥磊; 扈泽波; 程顺腾; 朱凯; 刘珠伟
Original assignee: Jiangsu Ocean University
Current assignee: Jiangsu Ocean University
Priority date: 2022-12-26
Filing date: 2022-12-26
Publication date: 2023-06-09
Anticipated expiration: 2032-12-26

Abstract

The utility model discloses a solar constant temperature and humidity ginger germination accelerating bed, which comprises a greenhouse and a solar heat collection system connected to the greenhouse, wherein the greenhouse comprises a heat insulation plastic film and a frame body, a germination accelerating bed is arranged in the frame body, a hot water calandria and a circulating branch pipe are paved in the germination accelerating bed, a sensor is arranged on the germination accelerating bed, and the sensor is connected with a control system; the solar heat collection system is connected with the greenhouse through the water tank, and water flow in the water tank is recycled between the greenhouse and the solar heat collection system; the utility model has reasonable structural design and simple operation, and the germination accelerating bed is kept in a constant temperature and humidity environment suitable for germination of ginger through the solar heat collection system and the temperature and humidity control system; the solar heat collection system is utilized to provide heat, and the method has the advantages of large primary germination accelerating amount, low operation cost, energy conservation, reduction of pollution of coal combustion to the atmosphere and the like.

Description

Solar constant temperature and humidity ginger germination accelerating bed

Technical Field

The utility model relates to the technical field of agricultural planting technology research using solar energy to provide heat energy, in particular to a solar constant temperature and humidity ginger germination accelerating bed.

Background

Ginger is a perennial herb of Zingiberaceae, and is named as ginger root, bai La Yun, fu Ling Zhi, ying Di Xin, yan Liang Xiaozi and fresh ginger. The ginger has high nutritive value, and its nutritive components are similar to those of onion and garlic, and also contains protein, saccharide, vitamins, etc. and plant antibiotics, and its bactericidal action is no less than that of onion and garlic. Rhizoma Zingiberis recens also contains more volatile oil, can inhibit cholesterol absorption, prevent liver and serum cholesterol accumulation, and has effects of dispersing pathogenic wind, relieving cold, relieving cough, sterilizing, and removing toxic substances in Chinese medicinal materials. Moreover, the ginger has unique spicy and fragrant smell, can remove fishy smell, is an important food auxiliary material, and has important planting significance.

The ginger needs to be subjected to a series of works such as seed selection, seed soaking, germination accelerating and the like during sowing, wherein the germination accelerating is a very critical step. Most of the current germination boxes are used, and the heating mode and the germination quantity are limited, and the heating mode is usually to heat by electric energy, however, the electric energy consumption is definitely large for large-area ginger planting. And the germination accelerating quantity is relatively small, so that more germination accelerating boxes are required to be purchased for large-area planting, and the cost input of planting is increased.

Disclosure of Invention

The utility model aims to provide a solar constant temperature and humidity ginger germination accelerating bed which utilizes solar energy to provide energy and has the advantages of good heat preservation and moisture preservation effects, large planting area and simple operation.

The purpose of the utility model is realized in the following way: the utility model provides a solar energy constant temperature and humidity ginger germination bed, includes the big-arch shelter, connects the solar energy collection system on the big-arch shelter, the big-arch shelter includes heat preservation plastic film and support body, set up the germination bed in the support body, hot water calandria and circulation branch pipe are laid to the germination bed inside, set up the sensor on the germination bed, the sensor is connected control system; the solar heat collection system is connected with the greenhouse through the water tank, and water flow in the water tank is recycled between the greenhouse and the solar heat collection system.

As a further preferable scheme of the utility model, the inside of the germination accelerating bed is provided with a heat insulation layer, a gravel layer, a hot water calandria, a dry wheat straw layer and a ginger layer from bottom to top in sequence.

As a further preferable aspect of the present utility model, the sensor includes a soil temperature sensor and a humidity sensor; the temperature sensor is arranged in the ginger layer, and the humidity sensor is hung above the germination accelerating bed.

As a further preferable mode of the utility model, a bracket is arranged at the side of the germination accelerating bed, and a humidifier is arranged on the bracket.

As a further preferable scheme of the utility model, the water tank is provided with a left water inlet port, a right water inlet port, a left water outlet port and a right water outlet port; the left water inlet port is connected with a circulating main pipe; the right water inlet port is connected with the water outlet port of the solar heat collection system; the left water outlet port is connected with a water outlet main pipe; the right water outlet port is connected with a water inlet port of the solar heat collection system.

As a further preferable scheme of the utility model, a one-way valve II, a filter valve II, an electromagnetic valve II and a water pump II are sequentially arranged on a pipeline of the left water outlet port connected with the water outlet main pipe.

As a further preferable scheme of the utility model, a one-way valve I, a filter valve I, an electromagnetic valve I and a water pump I are sequentially arranged on a pipeline of the right water outlet port connected with the water inlet port of the solar heat collection system.

As a further preferable scheme of the utility model, the water outlet main pipe is divided into two branch pipes, the branch pipes are connected into the hot water discharge pipe, the tail ends of the hot water discharge pipe are converged into the circulating main pipe by the circulating branch pipes, and the circulating main pipe is connected into the water tank through the left water inlet port.

As a further preferred embodiment of the present utility model, the hot water drain is interposed between the dry wheat straw layer and the gravel layer.

As a further preferable mode of the utility model, the control system comprises temperature control and humidity control; when the soil temperature sensor detects that the required temperature is lower than the germination accelerating temperature, the electromagnetic valve II and the water pump II are opened, water in the water tank starts to be conveyed into the hot water calandria, and the temperature of the germination accelerating bed is increased; when the humidity is controlled, the humidifier is started when the humidity sensor detects that the humidity is too low, water is sprayed to the germination bed, and when the humidity reaches the condition, the humidity sensor responds again, and the sprayer stops working at the moment.

Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the following beneficial effects:

1. the germination accelerating bed obtains hot water through the solar heat collector, and then provides heat for ginger through circulating the hot water, so that a large amount of electric energy is saved. The germination accelerating bed has large area, can accelerate germination of more ginger at one time, and effectively saves the planting cost.

2. The heat insulation layer and the gravel layer are used as the bed bottom, and then the heat discharge pipe is paved, so that proper temperature is increased for accelerating germination of ginger, and meanwhile, the dry wheat straw layer has good heat insulation effect, and heat dissipation is effectively avoided; in addition, the germination accelerating bed has large germination accelerating amount, the germination accelerating bed passes through the solar heat collecting system, the required heat comes from solar radiation energy, and the heat energy is converted into heat energy through the solar heat collecting system, so that the electric energy and coal mine resources are effectively saved, the economic loss is reduced, and the environment is protected.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present utility model, the drawings required for the technical description of the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present utility model.

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the germination bed.

Fig. 3 is a general circuit schematic.

Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a power interface.

Fig. 5 is a circuit diagram of a solenoid valve one and a water pump one.

Fig. 6 is a circuit for controlling the temperature sensor at the outlet of the heat collector and inside the water tank.

Fig. 7 is a circuit diagram of a parameter setting key.

Fig. 8 is a diagram of an STC8A8K48D4 master control chip.

Fig. 9 is a circuit diagram showing temperature and humidity.

Fig. 10 is a circuit diagram of a soil temperature sensor of the press machine.

Fig. 11 is a circuit diagram of the humidity sensor in the greenhouse.

Fig. 12 is a circuit diagram of solenoid valve two and water pump two control.

Fig. 13 is a circuit diagram of a humidifier control.

The greenhouse comprises a 1-greenhouse, a 2-heat insulation plastic film, a 3-frame body, a 4-control system, a 5-water tank, a 6-solar heat collection system, a 7-water inlet port, an 8-water outlet port, a 9-heat collector outlet temperature sensor, a 10-water outlet main pipe, a 11-circulating main pipe, a 12-one-way valve I, a 13-filter valve I, a 14-electromagnetic valve I, a 15-water pump I, a 16-one-way valve II, a 17-filter valve II, a 18-electromagnetic valve II, a 19-water pump II, a 20-right water outlet port, a 21-left water outlet port, a 22-water tank temperature sensor, a 23-right water inlet port, a 24-left water inlet port, a 25-circulating branch pipe, a 26-hot water pipe, a 27-branch pipe, a 28-heat insulation heat preservation layer, a 29-gravel layer, a 30-dry straw layer, a 31-ginger layer, a 32-soil temperature sensor, a 33-humidity sensor and a 34-humidifier.

Detailed Description

The following description of the embodiments of the present utility model will be made clearly and fully with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is evident that the embodiments described are only some, but not all embodiments of the utility model. All other embodiments, which can be made by one of ordinary skill in the art without undue burden on the person of ordinary skill in the art based on embodiments of the present utility model, are within the scope of the present utility model.

1-13, a solar constant temperature and humidity ginger germination accelerating bed comprises a greenhouse 1, wherein the greenhouse 1 consists of a heat-insulating plastic film 2 and a steel frame 3; the outer side of the greenhouse is provided with a fixed water tank 5, a solar heat collection system 6 and a control system 4, and two water outlets of the water tank are provided with a first check valve 12, a second check valve 16, a first filter valve 13, a second filter valve 17, a first electromagnetic valve 14, a second electromagnetic valve 18, a first water pump 15 and a second water pump 19; the left water outlet port 21 of the water tank 5 is connected with the water outlet main pipe 10 to enter the greenhouse 1, and the water outlet main pipe 10 is divided into two branch pipes 27; the branch pipes 27 are connected into the corresponding hot water discharge pipes 26; the tail end of the hot water discharge pipe 26 is converged into the circulating main pipe 11 by the circulating branch pipe 25, and the circulating main pipe 11 is finally connected into the water tank 5 through the left water inlet port 24; the inside of the germination accelerating bed is sequentially provided with a heat insulation layer 28, a gravel layer 29, a hot water calandria 26, a dry wheat straw layer 30 and a ginger layer 31 from bottom to top; a soil temperature sensor 32 is arranged in the ginger layer 31; a humidity sensor 33 is hung above the germination accelerating bed body; the germination accelerating bed is uniformly fixed with a humidifier 34 on a bracket at a certain height from the ground; the other water outlet port 20 of the water tank is connected with the water inlet port 7 of the heat collector 6; the outlet port 8 of the collector 6 is connected to another inlet port 23 of the tank.

Preferably, the inside of the germination accelerating bed is provided with a heat insulation layer 28, a gravel layer 29, a hot water calandria 26, a dry wheat straw layer 30 and a ginger layer 31 from bottom to top in sequence.

Preferably, the sensors include a soil temperature sensor 32 and a humidity sensor 33; the temperature sensor 32 is arranged in the ginger layer 31 and the humidity sensor 33 is suspended above the germination bed.

Preferably, a bracket is arranged at the side of the germination bed, and a humidifier 34 is arranged on the bracket.

Preferably, the water tank 5 is provided with a left water inlet port 24, a right water inlet port 23, a left water outlet port 21 and a right water outlet port 20; the left water inlet port 24 is connected with the circulating main pipe 11; the right water inlet port 23 is connected with the water outlet port 8 of the solar heat collection system; the left water outlet port 21 is connected with the water outlet main pipe 10; the right water outlet port 20 is connected with the water inlet port 7 of the solar heat collection system.

Preferably, the second check valve 16, the second filter valve 17, the second solenoid valve 18 and the second water pump 19 are sequentially arranged on the pipeline of the left water outlet port 21 connected with the main water outlet pipe 10.

Preferably, a one-way valve I12, a filter valve I13, an electromagnetic valve I14 and a water pump I15 are sequentially arranged on a pipeline of the right water outlet port 20 connected with the water inlet port 7 of the solar heat collecting system.

Preferably, the main water outlet pipe 10 is divided into two branch pipes 27, the branch pipes 27 are connected into the hot water drain pipe 26, the tail ends of the hot water drain pipe 26 are collected into the main circulating pipe 11 through the circulating branch pipe 25, and the main circulating pipe 11 is connected into the water tank 5 through the left water inlet port 24.

Preferably, the hot water gauntlet 26 is placed between a layer of dry wheat straw 30 and a layer of gravel 29.

Preferably, the control system 4 comprises a temperature control and a humidity control; when the soil temperature sensor 32 detects that the required temperature is lower than the germination accelerating temperature during the temperature control, the electromagnetic valve II 18 and the water pump II 19 are opened, water in the water tank 5 starts to be conveyed into the hot water calandria 26, and the temperature of the germination accelerating bed is increased; in the humidity control, when the humidity sensor 33 detects that the humidity is too low, the humidifier 34 is started to spray the moisture to the germination bed, and when the humidity reaches the condition, the humidity sensor 33 responds again, and at the same time, the sprayer stops working.

Embodiment one:

a ginger germination accelerating seedbed comprises a greenhouse 1, wherein the greenhouse 1 consists of a heat-insulating plastic film 2 and a steel frame 3; the outer side of the greenhouse 1 is provided with a fixed water tank 5, a solar heat collection system 6 and a control system 4, and two water outlets of the water tank 5 are provided with a first check valve 12, a second check valve 16, a first filter valve 13, a second filter valve 17, a first electromagnetic valve 14, a second electromagnetic valve 18, a first water pump 15 and a second water pump 19; the left water outlet port 21 of the water tank 5 is connected with the water outlet main pipe 10 to enter the greenhouse 1, the water outlet main pipe 10 is divided into two branch pipes 27, and the branch pipes 27 are connected into corresponding hot water discharge pipes 26; the tail end of the hot water discharge pipe 26 is converged into the circulating main pipe 11 by the circulating branch pipe 25, and the last left water inlet port 24 of the circulating main pipe 11 is connected into the water tank 5; the inside of the germination accelerating bed is provided with a heat insulation layer 28, a gravel layer 29, a hot water calandria 26, a dry wheat straw layer 30 and a ginger layer 31 from bottom to top in sequence; a layer of dried wheat straw 30 is put after the ginger layer 31 is put, and a soil temperature sensor 32 is arranged in the ginger layer 31; a humidity sensor 33 is hung at a position 150cm above the germination accelerating bed body; the germination accelerating bed is provided with a humidifier 34 fixed on a bracket at a position 180cm away from the ground; the other water outlet of the water tank 5 is connected with the water inlet 7 of the heat collector; the outlet port 8 of the collector is connected to another inlet port of the tank.

Embodiment two:

in order to achieve the optimal environment for the germination of ginger, the control system 4 is controlled by a singlechip input program, when the temperature and the humidity are not satisfied, the temperature sensor and the humidity sensor sense and transmit corresponding signals to the control system, and the solenoid valve I14 and the solenoid valve II 18, the water pump I15 and the water pump II 19 and the humidifier 34 perform corresponding adjustment.

After the temperature of the ginger layer is reduced, under the control of a temperature and humidity control system, when the soil temperature sensor 32 detects that the required temperature is lower than the germination accelerating temperature, the electromagnetic valve II 18 and the water pump II 19 of the water tank 5 are opened, and water in the water tank starts to be conveyed into the hot water calandria 26, so that the temperature of the germination accelerating bed is increased.

When the temperature of the ginger layer reaches the germination accelerating proper temperature, the soil temperature sensor 32 responds, and the electromagnetic valve II 18 and the water pump II 19 are closed. The water with relatively low temperature enters the glass tube from the first electromagnetic valve 14 and the first water pump 15, and the glass tube is replenished in a continuous circulation mode, so that the water in the water tank can keep warm continuously.

After the required humidity of the ginger is changed, under the control of the temperature and humidity control system, when the humidity sensor 33 detects that the humidity is too low, the humidifier 34 is started to spray the moisture to the germination bed, and when the humidity reaches the condition, the humidity sensor 33 responds again, and at the moment, the sprayer stops working.

Embodiment III:

taking 100 mu of ginger planting area as an example, compared with the germination accelerating bed adopting an electric energy heating bed for germination accelerating, the germination accelerating period is calculated according to 25 days, 100948.4 DEG electricity can be saved, which is equivalent to saving 12.4 tons of standard coal. One ton of standard coal is about 3250 yuan, and the total amount of the standard coal is saved by 40300 yuan, so that the utility model not only reduces the planting cost, but also reduces the carbon emission. The specific calculation is as follows:

according to the planting requirement of ginger, 350-450 kg of ginger seeds are needed in each mu of land, and when the thickness of the piled ginger seeds is 0.2m, 36.8 kg of ginger seeds can be germinated per square. 400 kg of ginger seeds are taken, and 40000 kg of ginger seeds are needed for 100 mu of land, which is equivalent to 1086.8 square meters of germination accelerating bed.

(I) In order to ensure that ginger germinates at the optimal temperature, the temperature above the wheat straw layer is ensured to be 25 ℃, and the average water temperature of the hot water pipe is ensured to be 55 ℃.

And (II) as the gravel layer and the heat insulation layer are arranged below the hot water calandria, the heat conductivity coefficient is very small, the heat insulation effect is good, and the heat dissipated downwards can be ignored. Therefore, the approximate heat is transferred upward, and sequentially transferred from the wheat straw layer to the ginger. The boundary condition is a uniform heat flow, which is maintained during the conduction of heat.

(III) wheat straw layer thickness d=0.30m, referring to the data to obtain the thermal conductivity of the wheat straw: λ=0.09 (W/(m·k), the heat flux density q per unit area is:

wherein t1 and t0 respectively represent the temperature above the wheat straw layer and the average water temperature of the hot water pipe, and are set to t1=25 ℃, t0=55 ℃, and the data are taken: q=54 (W/-square meter), Φ= 1086.8 ×q= 58687.2W

The heat required for the day is:

Q＝Φ×T (2)

where T is time, take t=24 hours, and take the data to obtain: q= 5070574kJ

(IV) consulting the data to obtain: the calorific value of the coal r= 29260kJ/kg, the general efficiency of coal power generation η=35%, the mass of coal required per day is:

m＝Q/(η×r) (3)

carrying in data to obtain: the mass of coal required per day m= 495.12kg is obtained, and the total mass of coal required for one germination accelerating period (25 days) is 12378.12kg.

Therefore, the solar heat collection system is converted into heat energy to germinate the germination accelerating bed, so that electric energy and coal mine resources are effectively saved, economic loss is reduced, and the environment is protected.

The foregoing is merely illustrative of the present utility model, and the present utility model is not limited thereto, and any changes or substitutions easily contemplated by those skilled in the art within the scope of the present utility model should be included in the scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a solar energy constant temperature and humidity ginger germination bed, includes big-arch shelter (1), connects solar energy collection system (6) on the big-arch shelter, its characterized in that: the greenhouse (1) comprises a heat-insulating plastic film (2) and a frame body (3), wherein a germination accelerating bed is arranged in the frame body (3), a hot water calandria (26) and a circulating branch pipe (25) are paved in the germination accelerating bed, a sensor is arranged on the germination accelerating bed, and the sensor is connected with a control system (4); the solar heat collection system (6) is connected with the greenhouse (1) through the water tank (5) and realizes the recycling of water flow in the water tank (5) between the greenhouse (1) and the solar heat collection system (6).

2. A solar constant temperature and humidity ginger germination accelerating bed according to claim 1, wherein: the inside of the germination accelerating bed is provided with a heat insulation layer (28), a gravel layer (29), a hot water calandria (26), a dry wheat straw layer (30) and a ginger layer (31) from bottom to top in sequence.

3. A solar constant temperature and humidity ginger germination accelerating bed according to claim 1, wherein: the sensor comprises a soil temperature sensor (32) and a humidity sensor (33); the temperature sensor (32) is arranged in the ginger layer (31), and the humidity sensor (33) is hung above the germination accelerating bed.

4. A solar constant temperature and humidity ginger germination accelerating bed according to claim 1, wherein: the side of the germination accelerating bed is provided with a bracket, and a humidifier (34) is arranged on the bracket.

5. A solar constant temperature and humidity ginger germination accelerating bed according to claim 1, wherein: the water tank (5) is provided with a left water inlet port (24), a right water inlet port (23), a left water outlet port (21) and a right water outlet port (20); the left water inlet port (24) is connected with the circulating main pipe (11); the right water inlet port (23) is connected with the water outlet port (8) of the solar heat collection system; the left water outlet port (21) is connected with the water outlet main pipe (10); the right water outlet port (20) is connected with a water inlet port (7) of the solar heat collection system.

6. A solar constant temperature and humidity ginger germination accelerating bed according to claim 5, wherein: the left water outlet port (21) is connected with a pipeline of the main water outlet pipe (10) and is sequentially provided with a second check valve (16), a second filter valve (17), a second electromagnetic valve (18) and a second water pump (19).

7. A solar constant temperature and humidity ginger germination accelerating bed according to claim 5, wherein: the right water outlet port (20) is connected with a pipeline of the water inlet port (7) of the solar heat collection system, and a one-way valve I (12), a filter valve I (13), an electromagnetic valve I (14) and a water pump I (15) are sequentially arranged on the pipeline.

8. A solar constant temperature and humidity ginger germination accelerating bed according to claim 5, wherein: the water outlet main pipe (10) is divided into two branch pipes (27), the branch pipes (27) are connected into the hot water discharge pipe (26), the tail ends of the hot water discharge pipe (26) are converged into the circulating main pipe (11) through the circulating branch pipes (25), and the circulating main pipe (11) is connected into the water tank (5) through the left water inlet port (24).

9. A solar constant temperature and humidity ginger germination accelerating bed according to claim 1, wherein: the hot water drain (26) is disposed between the dry wheat straw layer (30) and the gravel layer (29).

10. A solar constant temperature and humidity ginger germination accelerating bed according to claim 1, wherein: the control system (4) comprises temperature control and humidity control; when the soil temperature sensor (32) detects that the required temperature is lower than the germination accelerating temperature, the electromagnetic valve II (18) and the water pump II (19) are opened, water in the water tank (5) starts to be conveyed into the hot water calandria (26) and the temperature of the germination accelerating bed is increased; when the humidity is controlled, when the humidity sensor (33) detects that the humidity is too low, the humidifier (34) is started to spray the moisture to the germination bed, and when the humidity reaches the condition, the humidity sensor (33) responds again, and at the moment, the sprayer stops working.