CN219136765U - Device for generating biogas through anaerobic fermentation of kitchen waste - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a device for generating biogas by anaerobic fermentation of kitchen waste, and relates to the technical field of kitchen waste treatment. The kitchen waste crushing device comprises a tank body, wherein a driving shaft is rotatably arranged in the tank body, and a crushing mechanism capable of crushing kitchen waste is arranged on the outer side of the driving shaft; the filter device is characterized by further comprising a filter mechanism which is connected inside the tank body in a sliding manner, wherein the filter mechanism is positioned below the crushing mechanism, and a supporting spring is arranged between the filter mechanism and the bottom inside the tank body. According to the utility model, kitchen waste is placed on the filtering mechanism, then the kitchen waste is crushed through the crushing mechanism, so that the fermentation efficiency is improved, the form of the crushing mechanism is switched after crushing, the crushing mechanism forms a disc, the crushing mechanism and the filtering mechanism form a filter pressing mechanism, the biogas residue can be filter-pressed, the solid and the liquid in the biogas residue can be separated, no additional treatment equipment is needed, the treatment cost is low, and the treated biogas residue can be directly collected and utilized.

Description

Device for generating biogas through anaerobic fermentation of kitchen waste

Technical Field

The utility model relates to the technical field of kitchen waste treatment, in particular to a device for generating biogas by anaerobic fermentation of kitchen waste.

Background

The organic matter content in the kitchen waste is higher, the kitchen waste has great recycling value, and common aerobic composting, anaerobic fermentation and the like, the aerobic composting has good applicability to the kitchen waste with high water content and high organic matter content, but the high oil content and the high salt content limit the growth of microorganisms in the composting process, and the effect is influenced. Anaerobic digestion is classified into normal temperature (20-25 ℃), medium temperature (30-40 ℃) and high temperature (50-60 ℃) digestion, wherein the high temperature digestion is the highest biochemical rate and the highest gas production rate. Biogas generated by anaerobic fermentation can be used for power generation, and residues of fermentation can be used as organic fertilizer by aerobic composting.

In China patent (application number: CN 201611188019.9), a device for utilizing biogas resources from kitchen waste is disclosed, which comprises an anaerobic fermentation system and a biogas purification system which are connected through a gas channel; the anaerobic fermentation system is internally provided with a crushing assembly for crushing kitchen waste and a heating assembly for providing constant anaerobic fermentation temperature; the biogas purification system is internally provided with a dust removal assembly and a biological purification assembly, the dust removal assembly is in butt joint with the gas channel, the biogas generated by the anaerobic fermentation system is subjected to dust removal and purification, the biological purification assembly and the dust removal assembly are arranged in series, and the dust removal biogas is subjected to biological desulfurization and then is output; this case spiral agitator adopts helical blade and broken blade to combine the mode, realizes kitchen garbage's stirring and breakage in step, improves kitchen garbage heated area, improves anaerobic fermentation efficiency, utilizes screw conveyer to realize timely high-efficient collection of natural pond sediment after the fermentation, but in actual treatment process, the kitchen garbage after the fermentation has natural pond sediment to constitute with natural pond liquid, and the kitchen garbage after the simple discharges, contains a large amount of natural pond liquid in the natural pond sediment that leads to the processing, can't direct collection, the processing is insufficient.

Disclosure of Invention

The utility model aims at: the utility model provides a device for generating biogas by anaerobic fermentation of kitchen waste, which aims to solve the problems that a large amount of biogas slurry is contained in treated biogas residues and cannot be directly collected and is insufficient in treatment.

The utility model adopts the following technical scheme for realizing the purposes:

the device for producing methane through anaerobic fermentation of kitchen waste comprises a tank body, wherein a feed inlet and an exhaust port are formed in the top of the tank body, the exhaust port is connected with an external methane collecting tank, a heating assembly is arranged in the tank body, a driving motor is arranged at the top of the tank body, a driving shaft is rotatably arranged in the tank body, the driving shaft is connected with the output end of the driving motor, a spiral groove is formed in the outer side of the driving shaft, and a crushing mechanism capable of crushing kitchen waste is arranged in the outer side of the driving shaft;

the filter device is characterized by further comprising a filter mechanism which is connected inside the tank body in a sliding manner, wherein the filter mechanism is positioned below the crushing mechanism, and a supporting spring is arranged between the filter mechanism and the bottom inside the tank body.

Further, crushing mechanism is including cup jointing the epaxial broken ring of drive, the inside rotation of broken ring is installed the nut wheel, the nut wheel cup joint in the drive shaft and with helicla flute threaded connection, broken blade is installed in the outside rotation of broken ring, broken blade annular distributes around broken ring, broken blade can constitute a ring when drawing together, the pivot is installed in the inside rotation of broken ring, the pivot with broken blade is connected, broken blade's one end fixedly connected with bevel gear is kept away from to the pivot, the outside of nut wheel is provided with the external gear that meshes with bevel gear, the spacing groove has been seted up to broken ring's inside, the outside of pivot is provided with the spacing fixture block of sliding connection in the spacing groove.

Further, annular draw-in groove has been seted up at broken ring's top, annular draw-in groove's inside sliding connection has the guide bar, the guiding hole has been seted up at the top of the jar body, the guide bar runs through the guiding hole, threaded hole has been seted up to the inside of guide bar, the inside threaded connection of threaded hole has the bolt of screwing.

Further, oblique knife edges are formed on two sides of the crushing blade, and the oblique knife edges on two sides are respectively formed in an inclined manner from bottom to top and from top to bottom.

Further, the limiting grooves are distributed in a fan shape, and the center angle of each limiting groove is 45 degrees.

Further, the filter mechanism comprises an outer ring which is connected in the tank body in a sliding mode, the supporting spring is arranged at the bottom of the outer ring, a filter pressing net is arranged in the outer ring, and an inner ring which is sleeved on the driving shaft is arranged in the filter pressing net.

Further, a sealing rubber sleeve sleeved on the outer side of the driving shaft is arranged in the inner ring.

Further, a liquid outlet is formed in the bottom of the inner wall of the tank body, a slag discharging port is formed in the outer side of the tank body, a slag discharging door is hinged to the inner portion of the slag discharging port, and the slag discharging port is located at the position of the crushing mechanism.

The beneficial effects of the utility model are as follows:

1. according to the utility model, kitchen waste is placed on the filtering mechanism, then the kitchen waste is crushed through the crushing mechanism, the fermentation efficiency is improved, the crushing mechanism is switched after crushing, the crushing mechanism is formed into a disc, at the moment, the crushing mechanism is locked, the driving shaft can drive the crushing mechanism to descend through driving the arrangement of the upper spiral groove, the crushing mechanism and the filtering mechanism form the filter pressing mechanism, the biogas residues can be filter-pressed, solids and liquid in the biogas residues are separated, no additional treatment equipment is needed, the treatment cost is low, and the treated biogas residues can be directly collected and utilized.

2. According to the kitchen garbage crushing device, due to the arrangement of the supporting springs, when the kitchen garbage is crushed by the crushing mechanism, the filtering mechanism can drive the kitchen garbage to slide up and down, so that the crushing efficiency can be improved, the crushing effect is good, a certain buffering force can be given to the crushing mechanism, and the service life of the device is prolonged.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view of the present utility model;

FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the present utility model;

FIG. 3 is an enlarged schematic view of portion A of FIG. 2 in accordance with the present utility model;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a crushing mechanism of the present utility model;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a breaker blade of the present utility model;

FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a filtration mechanism of the present utility model;

FIG. 7 is a schematic top view of the crushing mechanism of the present utility model;

fig. 8 is a schematic switching diagram of the crushing mechanism according to the utility model.

Reference numerals: 1. a tank body; 2. a feed inlet; 3. a slag discharging door; 4. a liquid outlet; 5. a heating assembly; 6. a driving motor; 7. a drive shaft; 8. a crushing ring; 9. a nut wheel; 10. crushing the blades; 11. a rotating shaft; 12. bevel gears; 13. a limit groove; 14. a limit clamping block; 15. an annular clamping groove; 16. a guide rod; 17. screwing the bolt; 18. pressing a filter screen; 19. an inner ring; 20. an outer ring; 21. sealing the rubber sleeve; 22. a support spring; 23. and an exhaust port.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present utility model more clear, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present utility model.

As shown in fig. 1-8, a device for generating biogas by anaerobic fermentation of kitchen waste comprises a tank body 1, wherein a feed inlet 2 and an exhaust outlet 23 are formed in the top of the tank body 1, the exhaust outlet 23 is connected with an external biogas collection tank, a heating component 5 is arranged in the tank body 1, a driving motor 6 is arranged at the top of the tank body 1, a driving shaft 7 is rotatably arranged in the tank body 1, the driving shaft 7 is connected with the output end of the driving motor 6, a spiral groove is formed in the outer side of the driving shaft 7, and a crushing mechanism capable of crushing kitchen waste is arranged in the outer side of the driving shaft 7;

the filter device is characterized by further comprising a filter mechanism which is connected inside the tank body 1 in a sliding manner, wherein the filter mechanism is positioned below the crushing mechanism, and a supporting spring 22 is arranged between the filter mechanism and the inner bottom of the tank body 1.

When the kitchen garbage collection device is used, kitchen garbage is poured into the tank body 1 from the feed inlet 2, falls on the filtering mechanism through the crushing mechanism, then equipment is started, the driving motor 6 drives the driving shaft 7 to rotate, at the moment, the crushing mechanism is not locked, the driving shaft 7 drives the crushing mechanism to rotate through the spiral groove, the crushing mechanism pulverizes the kitchen garbage, and the kitchen garbage is heated through the heating assembly, so that the fermentation efficiency can be improved;

the bottom of the filtering mechanism is provided with the supporting spring 22, so that the filtering mechanism can generate certain vertical floating during crushing, the crushing efficiency can be improved, and meanwhile, the supporting spring 22 gives certain buffer force to the kitchen waste, so that the kitchen waste is effectively prevented from excessively rigidly contacting with the crushing mechanism, and the service life of the device can be prolonged;

after fermentation is completed, the form of the crushing mechanism is switched to enable the crushing mechanism to form a disc shape, at the moment, the crushing mechanism is locked, the rotation of the crushing mechanism is limited, the driving shaft 7 is controlled to rotate, the driving shaft 7 drives the crushing mechanism to descend, the crushing mechanism and the filtering mechanism form a filter pressing mechanism, filter pressing treatment is carried out on biogas residues, solid-liquid separation can be carried out on the biogas residues, the separated biogas residues can be directly collected, and the filtered biogas residues are treated by sewage, so that the treatment effect is good;

meanwhile, in the filter pressing process, the supporting spring 22 is compressed firstly, the supporting spring 22 enables biogas residues to be stably filter pressed, the biogas residues are prevented from splashing due to the fact that the biogas residues are too fast filter pressed, the filter mechanism is crushed, and the filter pressing is stable.

As shown in fig. 2-8, in some embodiments, the crushing mechanism includes a crushing ring 8 sleeved on a driving shaft 7, a nut wheel 9 is rotatably installed inside the crushing ring 8, the nut wheel 9 is sleeved on the driving shaft 7 and is in threaded connection with a spiral groove, crushing blades 10 are rotatably installed outside the crushing ring 8, the crushing blades 10 are annularly distributed around the crushing ring 8, a circular ring can be formed when the crushing blades 10 are closed, a rotating shaft 11 is installed inside the crushing ring 8, the rotating shaft 11 is connected with the crushing blades 10, a bevel gear 12 is fixedly connected to one end of the rotating shaft 11 away from the crushing blades 10, outer gear teeth meshed with the bevel gear 12 are arranged outside the nut wheel 9, a limit groove 13 is formed inside the crushing ring 8, and a limit clamping block 14 which is slidably connected in the limit groove 13 is arranged outside the rotating shaft 11.

When the crushing mechanism is used for crushing, the driving shaft 7 is controlled to rotate positively, the driving shaft 7 drives the nut wheel 9 to rotate positively, the nut wheel 9 drives the bevel gear 12 to rotate positively through the outer gear teeth, the bevel gear 12 drives the crushing blades 10 to rotate positively through the rotating shaft 11, the crushing blades 10 are mutually separated at the moment, the crushing blades 10 are distributed in an inclined mode, when the inclination angle of the crushing blades 10 reaches the crushing angle, the rotating shaft 11 drives the limiting clamping blocks 14 to rotate to the inner wall of the limiting groove 13, the limiting clamping blocks 14 limit the rotating shaft 11 to continue to rotate, the nut wheel 9 drives the crushing ring 8 to rotate through the bevel gear 12, the crushing ring 8 drives the crushing blades 10 to rotate along with the driving shaft 7, and the crushing blades 10 can crush kitchen waste at the moment;

when filter pressing is needed, the driving shaft 7 is controlled to rotate reversely, the crushing ring 8 is limited to rotate, but the crushing ring 8 is not limited to slide up and down, the driving shaft 7 rotates reversely to enable the crushing blades 10 to rotate reversely, when the crushing blades 10 are folded, the crushing blades 10 form a circular ring, the crushing blades 10, the crushing ring 8 and the nut wheel 9 are matched to form a disc, at the moment, the limiting clamping blocks 14 rotate to the other side of the inner wall of the limiting groove 13, the limiting clamping blocks 14 limit the rotation of the rotating shaft 11 again, and the crushing ring 8 cannot rotate, so that under the action of the nut wheel 9 and the spiral groove, the driving shaft 7 drives the crushing ring 8 to descend, the crushing mechanism and the filtering mechanism form a filter pressing mechanism, the biogas residues are filter pressed, after filter pressing is finished, the crushing ring 8 cannot rotate, the driving shaft 7 is controlled to rotate reversely, the crushing blades 10 are completely opened, and then the driving shaft 7 drives the crushing ring 8 to ascend, and the control is stable, and the functionality is strong.

As shown in fig. 2 and 3, in some embodiments, an annular clamping groove 15 is formed in the top of the crushing ring 8, a guide rod 16 is slidably connected in the annular clamping groove 15, a guide hole is formed in the top of the tank 1, the guide rod 16 penetrates through the guide hole, a threaded hole is formed in the guide rod 16, and a screwing bolt 17 is connected in the threaded hole.

When filter pressing is needed, the screwing bolt 17 is rotated, the screwing bolt 17 slides to the inside of the guide rod 16, the guide rod 16 cannot slide relative to the annular clamping groove 15, at the moment, the crushing ring 8 cannot rotate under the action of the guide rod 16, the guide rod 16 can slide along the guide hole, so that the crushing ring 8 can slide up and down, then the driving shaft 7 is controlled to rotate reversely, the driving shaft 7 rotates reversely to enable the crushing blades 10 to rotate reversely, when the crushing blades 10 are closed, the crushing blades 10 form a circular ring, the crushing blades 10 are matched with the crushing ring 8 and the nut wheel 9 to form a disc, at the moment, the limiting clamping block 14 rotates to the other side of the inner wall of the limiting groove 13, the limiting clamping block 14 limits the rotation of the rotating shaft 11 again, and under the action of the nut wheel 9 and the spiral groove, the driving shaft 8 drives the crushing ring 8 to descend, the crushing mechanism and the filtering mechanism form a filter pressing mechanism, after the filter pressing is completed, the crushing ring 8 cannot rotate, the driving shaft 7 is controlled to rotate reversely, the crushing blades 10 are completely opened, and then the driving shaft 7 drives the crushing ring 8 to ascend, and the control stability is high in functionality;

after the crushing ring 8 is reset, the screwing bolts 17 are unscrewed, the guide rods 16 can slide along the annular clamping grooves 15, the guide rods 16 do not influence the normal rotation of the crushing ring 8, and the control is convenient.

As shown in fig. 5, in some embodiments, inclined edges are formed on two sides of the crushing blade 10, the inclined edges on two sides are respectively formed from bottom to top and from top to bottom, and by the design, when the crushing blade 10 is closed, adjacent inclined edges can be dislocated and closed, so that the sealing effect is good, and meanwhile, the crushing efficiency can be improved.

As shown in fig. 3, in some embodiments, the limit grooves 13 are distributed in a fan shape, and the center angle of the limit grooves 13 is 45 degrees, so that the crushing effect can be improved by the design that the crushing blades 10 can be inclined at 45 degrees when rotating.

As shown in fig. 6, in some embodiments, the filtering mechanism comprises an outer ring 20 slidably connected in the tank 1, a supporting spring 22 is disposed at the bottom of the outer ring 20, a filter screen 18 is disposed inside the outer ring 20, and an inner ring 19 sleeved on the driving shaft 7 is disposed inside the filter screen 18.

Through the setting of pressure filter 18, can support kitchen garbage, and can carry out solid-liquid separation, through the setting of outer loop 20 and inner loop 19, can improve filtering mechanism bulk strength.

As shown in fig. 6, in some embodiments, a sealing rubber sleeve 21 sleeved on the outer side of the driving shaft 7 is arranged inside the inner ring 19, so that the contact position of the inner ring 19 and the driving shaft 7 is in sliding sealing, and the filter pressing effect is improved.

As shown in fig. 1 and 2, in some embodiments, a liquid outlet 4 is provided at the bottom of the inner wall of the tank body 1, a slag outlet is provided at the outer side of the tank body 1, a slag discharging door 3 is hinged in the slag outlet, the slag outlet is located at the position of the crushing mechanism, biogas slurry can be discharged through the liquid outlet 4, biogas residues after press filtration can be taken out by opening the slag discharging door 3, and slag discharging is convenient.

The previous description of the disclosed embodiments is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the present utility model. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the utility model. Thus, the present utility model is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims (8)

1. The utility model provides a device for generating marsh gas by anaerobic fermentation of kitchen waste, includes a tank body (1), its characterized in that, feed inlet (2) and gas vent (23) have been seted up at the top of the tank body (1), gas vent (23) are connected with external marsh gas collection tank, internally mounted of the tank body (1) has heating element (5), driving motor (6) are installed at the top of the tank body (1), the inside rotation of the tank body (1) installs drive shaft (7), drive shaft (7) with the output of driving motor (6) is connected, the helicla flute has been seted up in the outside of drive shaft (7), crushing mechanism that can smash kitchen waste is installed in the outside of drive shaft (7).

The filter device is characterized by further comprising a filter mechanism which is connected inside the tank body (1) in a sliding manner, wherein the filter mechanism is positioned below the crushing mechanism, and a supporting spring (22) is arranged between the filter mechanism and the inner bottom of the tank body (1).

2. The device for producing biogas by anaerobic fermentation of kitchen waste according to claim 1, characterized in that the crushing mechanism comprises a crushing ring (8) sleeved on a driving shaft (7), a nut wheel (9) is rotatably installed in the crushing ring (8), the nut wheel (9) is sleeved on the driving shaft (7) and is in threaded connection with the spiral groove, crushing blades (10) are rotatably installed in the outer side of the crushing ring (8), the crushing blades (10) are annularly distributed around the crushing ring (8), a circular ring can be formed when the crushing blades (10) are folded, a rotating shaft (11) is rotatably installed in the crushing ring (8), the rotating shaft (11) is connected with the crushing blades (10), one end, away from the crushing blades (10), of the rotating shaft (11) is fixedly connected with a bevel gear (12), bevel gears (12) meshed with the bevel gears (12) are arranged on the outer side of the nut wheel (9), limit grooves (13) are formed in the inner side of the crushing ring (8), and limit blocks (14) are slidably connected with the outer side of the rotating shaft (11).

3. The device for generating biogas by anaerobic fermentation of kitchen waste according to claim 2, wherein the top of the crushing ring (8) is provided with an annular clamping groove (15), the inside of the annular clamping groove (15) is slidably connected with a guide rod (16), the top of the tank body (1) is provided with a guide hole, the guide rod (16) penetrates through the guide hole, the inside of the guide rod (16) is provided with a threaded hole, and the internal thread of the threaded hole is connected with a screwing bolt (17).

4. A device for producing biogas by anaerobic fermentation of kitchen waste according to claim 3, wherein the two sides of the crushing blade (10) are provided with inclined blades, and the inclined blades at the two sides are respectively provided with inclined blades from bottom to top and from top to bottom.

5. The device for producing biogas by anaerobic fermentation of kitchen waste according to claim 4, wherein the limit grooves (13) are distributed in a fan shape, and the center angle of the limit grooves (13) is 45 degrees.

6. Device for producing biogas by anaerobic fermentation of kitchen waste according to claim 1, characterized in that the filtering means comprise an outer ring (20) slidingly connected in the tank (1), the support springs (22) are arranged at the bottom of the outer ring (20), the inside of the outer ring (20) is provided with a filter-pressing net (18), and the inside of the filter-pressing net (18) is provided with an inner ring (19) sleeved on the driving shaft (7).

7. The device for producing biogas by anaerobic fermentation of kitchen waste according to claim 6, wherein the inner ring (19) is internally provided with a sealing rubber sleeve (21) sleeved on the outer side of the driving shaft (7).

8. The device for producing biogas by anaerobic fermentation of kitchen waste according to claim 7, wherein a liquid outlet (4) is arranged at the bottom of the inner wall of the tank body (1), a slag outlet is arranged at the outer side of the tank body (1), a slag discharging door (3) is hinged in the slag outlet, and the slag discharging opening is positioned at the position of the crushing mechanism.

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