CN219101345U

CN219101345U - Open TBM

Info

Publication number: CN219101345U
Application number: CN202320516526.XU
Authority: CN
Inventors: 刘飞香; 龙斌; 黄强; 巫敏; 欧佳军; 尹建超; 张志康
Original assignee: China Railway Construction Heavy Industry Group Co Ltd
Current assignee: China Railway Construction Heavy Industry Group Co Ltd
Priority date: 2023-03-15
Filing date: 2023-03-15
Publication date: 2023-05-30
Anticipated expiration: 2033-03-15

Abstract

The application provides an open TBM, which comprises a cutter head, a main beam, a driving system and a supporting system; the two ends of the main beam are respectively a front end and a rear end, and the direction of the rear end towards the front end is the tunneling direction of the open TBM; the driving system comprises a transmission piece and a plurality of driving pieces, one side of the transmission piece is connected with the cutterhead, the other side of the transmission piece is connected with the front end of the main beam, and the driving pieces are connected with different positions of the transmission piece; the driving members are arranged below the main beam, and the support system is arranged on the upper side of the main beam. The open TBM provided by the application reduces the space occupied by each system in the length direction of the main beam by reasonably setting the position of each system, thereby reducing the length of the main beam, effectively reducing the turning radius of the open TBM and meeting the small turning requirement of a tunnel.

Description

Open TBM

Technical Field

The application relates to the technical field of tunnel construction, in particular to an open TBM.

Background

The tunnel boring machine (Tunnel Boring Machine, TBM for short) is industrial assembly line tunnel construction equipment integrated by systems such as machinery, electricity, liquid, light, gas and the like, and has the advantages of high tunneling speed, environmental protection, high comprehensive benefit and the like. The open TBM does not need to lay segments when excavating the tunnel, but integrates excavation, support and slag discharge, and can realize one-step forming of the tunnel.

In the related art, the open TBM comprises a cutter disc, a main beam, a driving system, a propulsion system, a supporting system and the like, wherein the cutter disc is arranged at the end part of the main beam, the driving system, the propulsion system and the supporting system are uniformly distributed in the space in the length direction of the main beam, the driving system is used for driving a blade to rotate, and the cutter disc can break rock and soil for excavation; the propulsion system is used for propelling forward during excavation so as to improve the tunneling efficiency; the support system is used for arranging supports on the tunnel section which is excavated so as to prevent collapse.

However, the main beam structure of the open TBM is too long due to the space required by system arrangement such as driving, etc., which severely restricts the turning radius of the open TBM and cannot adapt to the small turning requirement of a tunnel.

Disclosure of Invention

The application provides an open TBM, which is used for solving the problems that the girder structure of the open TBM is overlong, the turning radius of the open TBM is severely restricted, and the open TBM cannot adapt to the small turning requirement of a tunnel.

The application provides an open TBM, which comprises a cutter head, a main beam, a driving system and a supporting system;

the two ends of the main beam are respectively a front end and a rear end, and the direction of the rear end towards the front end is the tunneling direction of the open TBM;

the driving system comprises a transmission piece and a plurality of driving pieces, one side of the transmission piece is connected with the cutterhead, the other side of the transmission piece is connected with the front end of the main beam, and the driving pieces are connected with different positions of the transmission piece; the driving members are arranged below the main beam, and the support system is arranged on the upper side of the main beam.

The open TBM provided by the application reduces the space occupied by each system in the length direction of the main beam by reasonably setting the position of each system, thereby reducing the length of the main beam, effectively reducing the turning radius of the open TBM and meeting the small turning requirement of a tunnel. Specifically, the open TBM comprises a cutter disc, a main beam, a driving system and a supporting system, wherein the main beam is an installation foundation of the cutter disc, the driving system and the supporting system, the cutter disc is used for breaking rock and soil, a tunnel is excavated, the driving system is used for driving the cutter disc to rotationally excavate, and the supporting system is used for setting a support on a tunnel section where excavation is completed; the driving system comprises a transmission piece and a plurality of driving pieces, one side of the transmission piece is connected to the cutterhead, the other side of the transmission piece is connected to the front end of the main beam, the driving pieces are connected to different positions of the transmission piece, the driving pieces are arranged below the main beam, the supporting system is arranged on the upper side of the main beam, and the driving pieces and the supporting system are overlapped in the length direction of the main beam, so that the length of the main beam can be effectively reduced.

In one possible implementation, the transmission member includes a fixed portion and a rotating portion, the rotating portion is rotatably connected to the fixed portion, the rotating portion is connected to the cutterhead, and the fixed portion is connected to the front end of the main beam.

In one possible implementation, the device further comprises a propulsion system, wherein the propulsion system comprises a support shoe support, a rear support, a first main pushing hydraulic cylinder and a second main pushing hydraulic cylinder;

the support shoe support sleeve is arranged outside the main beam, the rear support is connected to the rear end of the main beam, one end of the first main pushing hydraulic cylinder is connected to the fixing part, the other end of the first main pushing hydraulic cylinder is connected to the support shoe support, one end of the second main pushing hydraulic cylinder is connected to the fixing part, the other end of the second main pushing hydraulic cylinder is connected to the support shoe support, and the first main pushing hydraulic cylinder and the second main pushing hydraulic cylinder are respectively located on the left side and the right side of the main beam.

In one possible implementation, the shoe support includes a bracket, at least two shoes, and at least two shoe hydraulic cylinder groups;

the support sleeve is arranged outside the main beam, at least two supporting shoes are respectively arranged at two opposite sides of the support, and at least two supporting shoe hydraulic cylinder groups are connected between the supporting shoes and the support and are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with at least two supporting shoes.

In one possible implementation, the shoe cylinder group includes a plurality of shoe cylinders, the piston rods of which are connected to the shoe, and the cylinders of which are connected to the bracket.

In one possible implementation manner, the supporting shoes are of an X-shaped structure, at least two supporting shoes are four, two supporting shoes are respectively arranged on two opposite sides of the support, at least two supporting shoe hydraulic cylinder groups are four, and the four supporting shoe hydraulic cylinder groups are connected between the supporting shoes and the support and are in one-to-one correspondence with the four supporting shoes.

In one possible implementation, the rear support includes a mounting bracket, a support foot, and at least one vertically adjusting hydraulic cylinder;

the mounting bracket is connected in the rear end of girder, and the one end of vertical adjustment pneumatic cylinder is connected in the mounting bracket, and the other end of vertical adjustment pneumatic cylinder is connected in the supporting legs.

In one possible implementation, the rear support further comprises a lateral adjustment hydraulic cylinder and a link arm;

one end of the transverse adjusting hydraulic cylinder is rotationally connected to the supporting leg, the other end of the transverse adjusting hydraulic cylinder is rotationally connected to the connecting arm, and the connecting arm is connected to the side wall surface of the main beam.

In one possible implementation, the support system includes a support platform, a walking platform, and at least one anchor rod;

the supporting platform is connected to the girder, and walking platform movably connects in supporting platform's upside surface, and the one end of stock drilling rod is connected in walking platform, and the other end of stock drilling rod upwards extends.

In one possible implementation, the support platform includes a support plate and a reinforcing plate, the support plate is connected to an upper portion of the main beam and extends along a horizontal direction, one end of the reinforcing plate is connected to a lower portion of the main beam, the other end of the reinforcing plate is connected to the support plate, and an avoidance opening is left between the support plate and the reinforcing plate so as to avoid the first main pushing hydraulic cylinder or the second main pushing hydraulic cylinder.

The construction of the present application, as well as other objects and advantages thereof, will be more readily understood from the description of the preferred embodiments taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

Drawings

The foregoing and other objects, features and advantages of embodiments of the present application will become more readily apparent from the following detailed description, which proceeds with reference to the accompanying drawings. Embodiments of the present application will now be described, by way of example and not limitation, in the figures of the accompanying drawings, in which:

fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an open TBM provided in an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of section a-a of FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a support system according to an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a strut shoe support provided in an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a rear support provided by an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of a turn of an open TBM provided in an embodiment of the present application.

Reference numerals:

100-main beams; 101-front end; 102-a back end; 110-a first beam section; 120-a second beam section;

200-a drive system; 210-a transmission member; 220-a driver;

300-support system; 310-supporting a platform; 311-supporting plates; 3111-a walking groove; 312-reinforcing plates; 313-dodge opening; 320-walking platform; 321-first travelling wheel; 322-second road wheel; 330-anchor rod drill rod;

400-propulsion system; 410-supporting shoe support; 411-brackets; 412-stay boots; 413-a shoe hydraulic cylinder group; 420-rear support; 421-mounting rack; 422-supporting feet; 423-vertical adjusting hydraulic cylinders; 424-laterally adjusting hydraulic cylinders; 425-linking arms; 430-a first main push hydraulic cylinder; 431-a first main pushing hydraulic cylinder seat; 440-a second main pushing hydraulic cylinder; 441-a second main push hydraulic cylinder block;

500-cutterhead;

600-shield.

Detailed Description

Embodiments of the present application are described in detail below, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals refer to the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below by referring to the drawings are exemplary and intended for the purpose of explaining the present application and are not to be construed as limiting the present application.

The tunnel boring machine (Tunnel Boring Machine, TBM for short) is industrial pipeline tunnel construction equipment integrated by systems such as machinery, electricity, liquid, light, gas and the like, has the advantages of high tunneling speed, environmental protection, high comprehensive benefit and the like, can realize the construction of a deep-buried long tunnel with complex geographic features which is difficult to realize by the traditional drilling and blasting method, and is rapidly growing in tunnel engineering such as China railway, hydropower, traffic, mine, municipal and the like.

The TBM comprises a shield TBM and an open TBM, wherein the shield TBM is also called a shield machine, and a shield, namely a supporting segment, of the tunnel needs to be constructed when the tunnel is excavated and is mainly used for soft soil stratum; the open TBM does not need to lay segments when excavating the tunnel, but integrates excavation, support and slag discharge, can realize one-step forming of the tunnel, and is mainly applied to hard rock tunnel construction.

However, in the above-mentioned open-type TBM, because of the space required for system arrangement such as driving, the driving system and the support system are arranged at intervals along the length direction of the main beam, so that the main beam structure is too long, taking the 6 m-class (excavation diameter) open-type TBM as an example, the main beam length reaches 16m, and the turning radius of the open-type TBM is severely restricted by the too long main beam structure, so that the small turning requirement of the tunnel cannot be met. In addition, the overlong main beam structure can bring an overlarge empty jack-up distance (the space length of the tunnel in the tunneling direction under the condition that the top plate is not supported), so that the risk of tunnel collapse is increased, and the difficulty of getting rid of the difficulty of constructors is improved.

In view of this, the embodiment of the application provides an open type TBM, through the position of each system of reasonable setting, make actuating system's driving piece and support system overlap in the length direction of girder, reduced actuating system and support system's space that occupies in girder length direction, reduced the space that each system occupy in girder length direction to reduced the length of girder, can effectively reduce the turning radius of open type TBM, satisfied the little turning requirement in tunnel.

The open TBM provided in the embodiments of the present application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an open TBM according to an embodiment of the present application. As shown in fig. 1, the embodiment of the present application provides an open TBM, which includes a cutterhead 500, a main girder 100, a driving system 200 and a supporting system 300, wherein the main girder 100 is an installation foundation of the cutterhead 500, the driving system 200 and the supporting system 300, the cutterhead 500 is used for breaking rock and soil, excavating a tunnel, the driving system 200 is used for driving the cutterhead 500 to excavate in a rotating manner, and the supporting system 300 is used for setting a support at a tunnel section where excavation is completed.

For convenience of description, two ends of the main beam 100 are respectively referred to as a front end 101 and a rear end 102, and a direction of the rear end 102 toward the front end 101 is a tunneling direction of the open TBM.

The driving system 200 comprises a transmission member 210 and a plurality of driving members 220, one side of the transmission member 210 is connected to the cutterhead 500, the other side of the transmission member 210 is connected to the front end 101 of the main beam 100, the driving members 220 are connected to different positions of the transmission member 210, the driving members 220 are arranged below the main beam 100, the supporting system 300 is arranged on the upper side of the main beam 100, the driving members 220 and the supporting system 300 are overlapped in the length direction of the main beam 100, and the space occupied by the driving system 200 and the supporting system 300 in the length direction of the main beam 100 is reduced, so that the length of the main beam 100 is reduced, the turning radius of an open TBM can be effectively reduced, and the small turning requirement of a tunnel is met. And, the distance between the supporting system 300 and the cutterhead 500 can be reduced, so that the supporting is arranged at the top of the tunnel in time, the empty jacking distance of the tunnel is reduced, collapse is prevented, and the construction safety is improved.

In practical applications, the transmission member 210 may include a fixing portion and a rotating portion, the rotating portion is rotatably connected to the fixing portion, the rotating portion is connected to the cutterhead 500, and the fixing portion is connected to the front end 101 of the main beam 100, so that the transmission member 210 may drive the cutterhead 500 to rotate, and may be used to connect with components such as the main beam 100 that do not need to rotate.

Illustratively, the transmission member 210 may be provided with a shield 600 outside, and the shield 600 extends from the cutterhead 500 to the front end 101 of the main beam 100 along the length direction of the open TBM, where the shield 600 may withstand broken stone to protect the transmission member 210 therein, and may also serve as a temporary support to provide a temporary supporting force for the tunnel roof, preventing the tunnel from collapsing before the support is provided.

FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of section a-a of FIG. 1. As shown in fig. 2, the number of the driving members 220 may be four to increase the driving force, so as to ensure that the cutterhead 500 can break the rock smoothly, and the four driving members 220 may be uniformly distributed on the lower side of the main beam 100, so as to provide a space for other systems to be installed, and to overlap with other systems in space, so as to reduce the length of the main beam 100. Alternatively, the number of the plurality of driving members 220 may be three or five, and the driving force may be provided, which is not limited in this embodiment.

In some examples, the open TBM may further include a propulsion system 400, where the propulsion system 400 includes a shoe support 410, a rear support 420, a first main pushing hydraulic cylinder 430 and a second main pushing hydraulic cylinder 440, the shoe support 410 is sleeved outside the main beam 100, the rear support 420 is connected to the rear end 102 of the main beam 100, one end of the first main pushing hydraulic cylinder 430 is connected to a fixing portion, the other end of the first main pushing hydraulic cylinder 430 is connected to the shoe support 410, one end of the second main pushing hydraulic cylinder 440 is connected to the fixing portion, the other end of the second main pushing hydraulic cylinder 440 is connected to the shoe support 410, and the first main pushing hydraulic cylinder 430 and the second main pushing hydraulic cylinder 440 are located on left and right sides of the main beam 100, respectively.

The main function of the shoe support 410 is to prevent the rolling of the open TBM, when the cutter disc 500 rotates to cut and excavate the rock, the machine has a natural tendency to roll in the opposite direction, especially in hard rock strata, the friction between the shell of the open TBM and the hole wall is smaller, the rolling is more obvious, the shoe support 410 is arranged on the open TBM, the shoe 412 is extended to be supported on the tunnel wall, so that the counter moment resisting the rolling can be generated, and larger rolling is prevented from occurring, so that smooth cutting of the cutter disc 500 is ensured.

Specifically, the fixing portion of the transmission member 210 may be provided with a first main pushing cylinder seat 431 and a second main pushing cylinder seat 441, where the first main pushing cylinder seat 431 and the second main pushing cylinder seat 441 are respectively connected to the first main pushing cylinder 430 and the second main pushing cylinder 440, so as to realize the hinge connection between the first main pushing cylinder 430 and the second main pushing cylinder 440 and the transmission member 210, and thus, when the telescopic lengths of the first main pushing cylinder 430 and the second main pushing cylinder 440 on the left and right sides are different, the open TBM can be controlled to turn left or right.

The implementation process of the open TBM tunneling is as follows:

first, the shoe support 410 is extended, stretching the hole wall, creating an impetus for the main pushing cylinders (i.e., the first main pushing cylinder 430 and the second main pushing cylinder 440); then, the main pushing hydraulic cylinder directly pushes the transmission piece 210, and then the transmission piece 210 drives the cutterhead 500 to advance, and meanwhile, the driving piece 220 drives the rotating part of the transmission piece 210 to rotate, and then drives the cutterhead 500 to rotate to generate tunneling action; after the main pushing hydraulic cylinder is pushed in place, the rear support 420 stretches out to tightly prop the wall of the hole, the shoe support 410 retracts, the main pushing hydraulic cylinder leaves the hole, and the shoe support 410 is driven to advance to be in place. Repeating the steps to realize continuous tunneling.

For ease of manufacture, the main beam 100 includes a first beam section 110 and a second beam section 120, the front end 101 of the first beam section 110 is connected to the transmission member 210, and the rear end 102 of the first beam section 110 is connected to the second beam section 120, so that the volume and weight of the individual components can be reduced, facilitating transportation, field assembly and transfer.

Fig. 3 is a schematic view of a support system according to an embodiment of the present application. As shown in fig. 3, the support system 300 may include a support platform 310, a traveling platform 320, and at least one anchor rod 330, the support platform 310 being connected to the main beam 100, the traveling platform 320 being movably connected to an upper side surface of the support platform 310, one end of the anchor rod 330 being connected to the traveling platform 320, and the other end of the anchor rod 330 extending upward. The anchor rod drill rod 330 is used for drilling holes to set anchor rods and supporting the anchor rods such as net slurry, the walking platform 320 can drive the anchor rod drill rod 330 to move in the range of the supporting platform 310 so as to flexibly set the supporting, improve the supporting efficiency and realize quick, safe and reliable construction.

The support platform 310 may include a support plate 311 and a reinforcing plate 312, where the support plate 311 is connected to an upper portion of the main beam 100 and extends along a horizontal direction, one end of the reinforcing plate 312 is connected to a lower portion of the main beam 100, the other end of the reinforcing plate 312 is connected to the support plate 311, and an avoidance opening 313 is left between the support plate 311 and the reinforcing plate 312 to avoid the first main pushing hydraulic cylinder 430 or the second main pushing hydraulic cylinder 440, so that the structural strength of the support platform 310 is ensured and the construction safety is ensured while the space is reasonably arranged and the length of the main beam 100 is reduced.

In addition, the upper side of the support platform 310 may be provided with a traveling groove 3111, the traveling groove 3111 extending from the front end 101 to the rear end 102 of the first beam section 110, so that the first beam section 110 of the traveling platform 320 travels in the range, i.e., the traveling platform 320 may be moved to a position close to the shield 600 to provide a support, which may effectively reduce the empty roof distance of the tunnel; the walking platform 320 is provided with first walking wheel 321 and second walking wheel 322 towards the one side of supporting platform 310, and first walking wheel 321 roll-connect in the diapire of walking groove 3111, and second walking wheel 322 roll-connect in the lateral wall of walking groove 3111 to reduce the frictional force that walking platform 320 removed, guarantee that the moving platform can smoothly move to required position.

Fig. 4 is a schematic view of a strut shoe support provided in an embodiment of the present application. As shown in fig. 4, the shoe support 410 may include a bracket 411, at least two shoes 412 and at least two shoe hydraulic cylinder groups 413, where the bracket 411 is sleeved outside the main beam 100, the at least two shoes 412 are respectively disposed on two opposite sides of the bracket 411, and when a small turning tunneling is required, turning can be achieved by controlling the extension amounts of the two shoes 412, and the at least two shoe hydraulic cylinder groups 413 are connected between the shoes 412 and the bracket 411 and are disposed in one-to-one correspondence with the at least two shoes 412 so as to form a countermeasure, tightly support the tunnel wall, realize the forward function together with the rear support 420, the first main pushing hydraulic cylinder and the second main pushing hydraulic cylinder, and prevent the open TBM from slipping and rolling in the tunneling process.

Illustratively, the shoe hydraulic cylinder set 413 may include a plurality of shoe hydraulic cylinders, wherein piston rods of the shoe hydraulic cylinders are connected to the shoe 412, and cylinder barrels of the shoe hydraulic cylinders are connected to the bracket 411, so as to flexibly adjust the angle of the shoe 412, and enable the shoe 412 to cling to the tunnel wall, so as to increase friction and improve supporting effect. In particular, the shoe cylinder group 413 may include two, three, or four shoe cylinders, the specific number of which is not limited in this embodiment.

In practical application, prop the boots and support 410 and can be X type structure, two at least prop boots 412 and can be four, and the opposite both sides of support 411 are provided with two respectively and prop boots 412, and two at least prop boots pneumatic cylinder group 413 and be four, and four prop boots pneumatic cylinder group 413 and connect between prop boots 412 and support 411, and prop boots 412 one-to-one with four and set up, and four prop boots 412 and all can adjust the projecting amount and angle alone to improve and prop the laminating degree of boots 412 and tunnel wall, increase frictional force, improve the supporting effect.

Fig. 5 is a schematic view of a rear support provided in an embodiment of the present application. As shown in fig. 5, the rear support 420 may include a mounting frame 421, supporting legs 422 and at least one vertical adjustment hydraulic cylinder 423, the mounting frame 421 is connected to the rear end 102 of the main beam 100, one end of the vertical adjustment hydraulic cylinder 423 is connected to the mounting frame 421, the other end of the vertical adjustment hydraulic cylinder 423 is connected to the supporting legs 422, and the vertical adjustment hydraulic cylinder 423 can adjust the expansion and contraction amount, so that the supporting legs 422 are supported on or separated from the tunnel wall, and the forward function of the open TBM is jointly realized with the shoe supporting 410 and the main pushing hydraulic cylinder.

Illustratively, the at least one vertical adjustment hydraulic cylinder 423 may be two to ensure vertical movement of the support leg 422 and improve reliability of support.

In addition, the rear support 420 may further include a lateral adjustment hydraulic cylinder 424 and a link arm 425, wherein one end of the lateral adjustment hydraulic cylinder 424 is rotatably connected to the support leg 422, the other end of the lateral adjustment hydraulic cylinder 424 is rotatably connected to the link arm 425, and the link arm 425 is connected to a side wall surface of the main beam 100, so as to realize the adjustment of the main beam 100 in the left-right direction, drive the main beam 100 to swing, and adapt to the small turning requirement of the main beam 100.

It will be appreciated that when the lateral adjustment hydraulic cylinders 424 are provided, the mounting frame 421 is not fixedly connected to the main beam 100, and, for example, the mounting frame 421 may be provided with mounting holes, and the main beam 100 may be inserted through the mounting holes, so that the lateral hydraulic cylinders drive the main beam 100 to move laterally.

Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of a turn of an open TBM provided in an embodiment of the present application. As shown in fig. 6, a is a turning fulcrum, and the smaller the length of the main beam 100, the larger the left-right swing width of the main beam 100, the smaller the turning radius that can be achieved.

As described above, the length of the main beam 100 can be reduced by reasonable spatial layout of the driving system 200, the support system 300 and the propulsion system 400, and the swing amplitude of the main beam 100 can be controlled by controlling the difference of the extension amounts of the left and right support shoes 412, the difference of the extension amounts of the right first main pushing hydraulic cylinder 430 and the left second main pushing hydraulic cylinder 440 and the lateral adjustment hydraulic cylinder 424.

Specifically, the extension amount of the right first main pushing hydraulic cylinder is larger than that of the left second main pushing hydraulic cylinder, the extension amount of the left shoe supporting hydraulic cylinder set 413 is larger than that of the right side, and the transverse adjusting hydraulic cylinder 424 drives the rear end 102 of the main beam 100 to move left to perform horizontal left turning; the left side first main pushing hydraulic cylinder 430 stretches out more than the right side second main pushing hydraulic cylinder 440, the left side shoe supporting hydraulic cylinder group 413 stretches out less than the right side, and the transverse adjusting hydraulic cylinder 424 drives the rear end 102 of the main beam 100 to move right to perform horizontal right turning.

In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the terms "length," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships illustrated in the drawings, merely to facilitate description of the present application and simplify the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a specific orientation, be configured and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the present application.

Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and the like, are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying a relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defining "a first" or "a second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. In the description of the present application, the meaning of "plurality" is at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless explicitly defined otherwise.

In this application, unless specifically stated and limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally formed; either directly or indirectly, through intermediaries, or both, may be in communication with each other or in interaction with each other, unless expressly defined otherwise. The specific meaning of the terms in this application will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art as the case may be.

In this application, unless expressly stated or limited otherwise, a first feature "up" or "down" a second feature may be the first and second features in direct contact, or the first and second features in indirect contact via an intervening medium. Moreover, a first feature being "above," "over" and "on" a second feature may be a first feature being directly above or obliquely above the second feature, or simply indicating that the first feature is level higher than the second feature. The first feature being "under", "below" and "beneath" the second feature may be the first feature being directly under or obliquely below the second feature, or simply indicating that the first feature is less level than the second feature.

In the description of the present specification, reference to the terms "embodiment," "example," and the like, means that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present application. In this specification, schematic representations of the above terms are not necessarily directed to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. Furthermore, the different embodiments or examples described in this specification and the features of the different embodiments or examples may be combined and combined by those skilled in the art without contradiction.

Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are merely for illustrating the technical solution of the present application, and are not limiting thereof; although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it should be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical scheme described in the foregoing embodiments can be modified or some or all of the technical features thereof can be replaced with equivalents; such modifications and substitutions do not depart from the essence of the corresponding technical solutions from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application.

Claims

1. The open TBM is characterized by comprising a main beam, a cutter head, a driving system and a supporting system;

the driving system comprises a transmission piece and a plurality of driving pieces, one side of the transmission piece is connected with the cutterhead, the other side of the transmission piece is connected with the front end of the main beam, and the driving pieces are connected with different positions of the transmission piece; the driving parts are arranged below the main beams, and the support system is arranged on the upper sides of the main beams.

2. The open TBM of claim 1 wherein the transmission member comprises a fixed portion and a rotating portion, the rotating portion being rotatably connected to the fixed portion, the rotating portion being connected to the cutterhead, the fixed portion being connected to the front end of the main beam.

3. The open TBM of claim 2 further comprising a propulsion system including a strut shoe support, a rear support, a first main push hydraulic cylinder, and a second main push hydraulic cylinder;

4. An open TBM according to claim 3 wherein the shoe support comprises a cradle, at least two shoes and at least two shoe hydraulic cylinder groups;

the support is sleeved outside the main beam, at least two support shoes are respectively arranged on two opposite sides of the support, and at least two support shoe hydraulic cylinder groups are connected between the support shoes and the support and are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with at least two support shoes.

5. The open TBM of claim 4 wherein the shoe cylinder group comprises a plurality of shoe cylinders, piston rods of the shoe cylinders being connected to the shoe, cylinders of the shoe cylinders being connected to the bracket.

6. The open-type TBM of claim 4 wherein said strut support is of an X-type configuration, said at least two strut supports are four, two strut supports are provided on opposite sides of said support respectively, said at least two strut support cylinder sets are four, and said four strut support cylinder sets are connected between said strut supports and said support and are disposed in one-to-one correspondence with said four strut supports.

7. An open TBM according to claim 3 wherein said rear support comprises a mounting frame, support feet and at least one vertically adjustable hydraulic cylinder;

the mounting frame is connected to the rear end of the main beam, one end of the vertical adjusting hydraulic cylinder is connected to the mounting frame, and the other end of the vertical adjusting hydraulic cylinder is connected to the supporting leg.

8. The open TBM of claim 7 wherein the rear support further comprises a lateral adjustment hydraulic cylinder and a link arm;

one end of the transverse adjusting hydraulic cylinder is rotationally connected with the supporting leg, the other end of the transverse adjusting hydraulic cylinder is rotationally connected with the connecting arm, and the connecting arm is connected with the side wall surface of the main beam.

9. An open-type TBM according to any of claims 3-8 wherein the support system comprises a support platform, a walking platform and at least one anchor rod;

the supporting platform is connected to the main beam, the walking platform is movably connected to the upper side surface of the supporting platform, one end of the anchor rod drill rod is connected to the walking platform, and the other end of the anchor rod drill rod extends upwards.

10. The open-type TBM of claim 9 wherein the support platform comprises a support plate and a reinforcing plate, the support plate is connected to the upper portion of the main beam and extends in a horizontal direction, one end of the reinforcing plate is connected to the lower portion of the main beam, the other end of the reinforcing plate is connected to the support plate, and an avoidance opening is left between the support plate and the reinforcing plate to avoid the first main pushing hydraulic cylinder or the second main pushing hydraulic cylinder.