CN219033193U - Anchor rope reducing cage and anchor rod prepared by same - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model provides an anchor rope reducing cage, including at least two round fixer, axial sleeve pipe, the anchor rope, release mechanism, connect the rib, the center pole, be equipped with a plurality of anchor ropes in the axial sleeve pipe 1, the lower extreme of anchor rope is anchor fixing on the bearing plate, first round fixer cover is on central axial sleeve pipe and can slide, limit device, release mechanism's one end is fixed first round fixer and can make this round fixer release mechanism's effect slide, a plurality of vertical bars encircle the center pole, a plurality of swing joint ribs of a plurality of upper ends of vertical bars are connected with a plurality of joints of first round fixer circumference respectively in the loose way, a plurality of swing joint ribs of a plurality of vertical bars of second set are connected a plurality of joints of vertical bars and second round fixer circumference respectively; the limiting device refers to a limiting rope or a limiting pin for limiting the release of the reducing cage.

Description

Anchor rope reducing cage and anchor rod prepared by same

Technical Field

The utility model relates to an anchor cable reducing cage and an anchor rod prepared by using the anchor cable reducing cage.

Background

The anchor rod means that the rod body and the like are positioned in the rock soil body to form a new complex with the rock soil body. The anchor rods in this composite are critical to solving the low tensile capacity of the surrounding rock mass. Thereby greatly enhancing the bearing capacity of the rock-soil body. The anchor rod is the most basic component part of roadway support in the mine of contemporary underground exploitation, and he binds the surrounding rock of the roadway together so that the surrounding rock supports itself. The anchor rod is not only used for mines, but also used in engineering technology, and is used for actively reinforcing and resisting floating of slopes and the like.

The applicant obtains CNZL2017100994519 of the utility model, a reducing reinforcement cage and its expanded anchor rod or pile foundation, have already been used extensively, the anchor rod is regarded as the tension member which stretches into the stratum, it connects with engineering structure on one end, another end (bottom or distal end) stretches into the stratum, the whole anchor rod is divided into free section and anchor section, the free section refers to transmitting the pulling force of the anchor rod head to the area of the anchor body, its function is to exert prestressing force to the anchor rod; the anchoring section refers to an area where the cement paste bonds the prestressed tendons with the soil layer, and has the functions of increasing the bonding friction effect of the anchoring body and the soil layer, increasing the bearing effect of the anchoring body and transmitting the tensile force of the free section to the depth of the soil body. The anchoring section of the anchor rod with the other end (bottom end or far end) penetrating into the stratum is the area where the cement paste bonds the prestressed tendons with the soil layer, and has the functions of increasing the bonding friction effect of the anchoring body and the soil layer, increasing the bearing effect of the anchoring body and transmitting the tensile force of the free section to the depth of the soil body. The need for an enlarged head formed of a variable diameter reinforcement cage such as CN201811394388.2 greatly increases the anchoring force of the anchor rod.

The variable-diameter reinforcement cage proposed by CNZL2017100994519 adopts a main reinforcement acting main rod and adopts an elastic structure of a power spring, the power spring is expanded (stretched) or compressed and is restrained by a locking rope, the locking rope is opened, and when the restraint is released, the spring is elastically released to push at least one spline (a ring-shaped fixer is sleeved on a central rod (sleeve rod) to slide). There is also a need for a more rational opening of the reducing cage and a more rational release of the enlarged head.

The anchor rod means that the rod body and the like are positioned in the rock soil body to form a new complex with the rock soil body. The anchor rods in this composite are critical to solving the low tensile capacity of the surrounding rock mass. Thereby greatly enhancing the bearing capacity of the rock-soil body. The anchor rod is the most basic component part of roadway support in the mine of contemporary underground exploitation, and he binds the surrounding rock of the roadway together so that the surrounding rock supports itself. The anchor rod is not only used for mines, but also used in engineering technology, and is used for actively reinforcing and resisting floating of basements, slopes, tunnels, dam bodies and the like.

But the variable diameter cage and the anchor cable are adopted as the variable diameter cage of the main reinforcement, which has special effect in application, the anchor cable is soft and can be coiled, and the number of the anchor cable can be changed for adjusting the stress. Especially, the anchor rope type anchor rod for the novel slope protection structure of the highway, the railway or the mountain is more advantageous in the construction of the anchor rope frame beam, and the meaning of the anchor rope type anchor rod of the enlarged footing structure is larger.

CN2516635Y discloses a prestressed anchorage device, 1) when the steel strands are strapped, the steel strands should be straightened one by one and bundled, and the steel strands cannot be disturbed. The extrusion type anchorage device or the embossing type anchorage device at the fixed end of the steel strand should be assembled with the bearing plate and the spiral rib in advance; 2) Before the prestressed tendons are stretched, a concrete strength pressure test report should be provided. When the compressive strength of the concrete meets the design requirement and is not lower than 75% of the design strength level, the prestress can be applied; 3) Before tensioning the prestressed tendons, cleaning the bearing plate surface, and checking the quality of concrete behind the bearing plate; 4) When the prestress anchorage device is installed, the anchorage plate should be positive, the clamping piece should be tightened, and the clamping piece positions should be uniform. 5) Before formally tensioning the large-tonnage prestressed tendons, the tensioning process is confirmed to be reasonable, the tensioning elongation value is normal, and the large-tonnage prestressed tendons can be tensioned in batches after no harmful cracks appear. If necessary, the actual tunnel friction loss is determined. When the curve prestress beam is tensioned by adopting a jack single tensioning 6), the prestress rib is loaded from zero to the initial tension of the starting point of the measured elongation value, and then is loaded to the required tensioning force in a grading manner; 7) The grouting of the pore canal is required to be compact, and the strength grade of the cement paste is not lower than C30.

CN99202435.8Steel strand inhaul cable fixed end anchorage device:(1) A cylinder is a conventional anchor. The specification model is expressed as: M15-N or M13-N; the anchor has good anchoring performance and Zhang Zimao performance. Tensioning generally employs a through jack.

Disclosure of Invention

The utility model aims to provide an anchor cable reducing cage and an anchor rod or pile foundation with a reducing steel bar or fiber cage or steel bar cage (especially a reducing fiber cage or steel bar cage and an enlarged head framework), so that the anchor cable type anchor rod of a novel slope protection structure of a building, a highway, a railway or a mountain can be widely applied.

The technical scheme of the utility model is that the anchor cable reducing cage comprises at least two ring-shaped retainers, an axial sleeve 1, anchor cables and a release mechanism, connecting ribs and a central rod (loop bar), wherein a plurality of anchor cables are arranged in the axial sleeve 1, the lower ends of the anchor cables are fixed on a bearing plate through anchor devices, a first ring-shaped retainer is sleeved on the central axial sleeve and can slide, one end of the limiting device and one end of the release mechanism are fixed on the first ring-shaped retainer and can slide under the action of the release mechanism of the ring-shaped retainer, a plurality of vertical ribs encircle the central rod, the upper ends of a plurality of vertical ribs are respectively and movably connected with a plurality of joints on the circumference of the first ring-shaped retainer, and a plurality of movable connecting ribs of a second group are respectively connected with the lower ends of the plurality of vertical ribs and a plurality of joints on the circumference of the second ring-shaped retainer; the limiting device refers to a limiting rope or a limiting pin for limiting the release of the reducing cage. The ring-shaped fixer can slide after being released; the breaking of the restraining rope or the release of the restraining pin from the indirect force device is very useful, and the restraining pin can directly limit the movement direction and trend of the indirect force device, and the direct force device does not need the breaking of the restraining rope or the release of the restraining pin.

The release mechanism is an elastic device, and two ends of the elastic device are respectively fixed at a movable ring-shaped fixer and another fixed position fixed with the main tendon anchor cable; the elastic device is sleeved on a power spring of the central rod, which exerts elastic force, or a spring piece, an elastic ring, an elastic ball, an elastic rod, a compression bag, an elastic rope or a spring of the outer hoop, which slides by the first ring-shaped fixer, and can exert elastic force to enable the first ring-shaped fixer to slide.

The upper end of the anchor rod pile is provided with an anchor head, the anchor head comprises a steel strand wire locker 11 and a steel backing plate 12 sleeved on a plurality of steel strand wires, and the steel strand wire locker 11 is arranged above the steel backing plate 12.

The anchor head comprises a reinforcing steel mesh, a prestress high-strength thread rib anchor, a spiral rib and a steel sleeve, wherein the reinforcing steel mesh is arranged above the prestress steel strand at intervals; the spiral rib is arranged at the junction of the prestressed twisted steel bar and the framework lattice beam, and the outer sleeve of the prestressed steel strand below the spiral rib is a steel sleeve.

The lower end anchoring device of the anchor cable comprises an axial sleeve 1, a steel strand 2, a variable-diameter cage bearing plate tapping 3, an anchorage device 4, a limiting plate limiting screw 5, an extrusion anchor head 6, a limiting plate 7 and a bearing plate 8.

The bearing plate is adopted to limit the position, and simultaneously the bottom end (exposed end) of the steel strand 2 fixed by the anchorage device is fastened by a steel sleeve with taper on the outer surface to form an extrusion anchor head structure, a plurality of holes are formed in the bearing plate, the aperture is larger than one end of the steel sleeve and smaller than the maximum outer diameter of the taper steel sleeve, so that one end of the steel strand is fixed. The bottom end (exposed end) of the steel strand 2 is fastened by a steel sleeve with taper on the outer surface, a plurality of holes are arranged on the end plate, the aperture is larger than one end of the steel sleeve and smaller than the maximum outer diameter of the taper steel sleeve, and one end of the steel cable is fixed.

The restraining means may be a restraining rope; the end part of the constraint rope is a constraint pin, and the constraint pin can also be used as one of the releasing methods of the constraint rope; but not limited to this, the constraint rope can generally encircle the main reinforcement anchor rope, the fracture of the constraint rope is as effective as the release of the constraint pin, the release device and the whole reducing cage are restrained by the constraint sleeve and the safety pin connected with the constraint sleeve or the rope constraint rope, and the constraint sleeve or the constraint rope encircles the linkage rod or the vertical reinforcement; the device is provided with a constraint sleeve and a safety pin which is used for limiting the movement of the first ring-shaped fixer and is connected with the constraint sleeve to open, and the constraint sleeve or a string is opened; the safety pin is a controlled action rod, and is restrained to be released after the safety pin is opened; breaking the constraint rope or breaking the constraint pin by a breaking-off indirect acting force device; the breaking start of the constraint rope is to cut, burn and explode by external force and reduce the physical tension of the rope by electrifying and heating, and the rope adopts water-soluble materials or corrosion reaction materials, and the physical tension of the rope is reduced when the rope reacts with water or meets corrosion products.

The axial sleeve is made of metal or polymer materials. The upper end of the axial sleeve is provided with a limiter, the upper end of the power spring limits the power spring, and the power spring provides power when in compression. The ring-shaped fixer for fixing the weight block and enabling the weight block to move is also a releasing device and is used for restraining the rope or the pin to release.

The anchor head can also comprise a reinforcing mesh, a prestress high-strength screw thread rib anchor, a screw rib and a steel sleeve, wherein the reinforcing mesh is arranged above the prestress screw thread reinforcing steel at intervals; the spiral bar is arranged at the junction of the prestressed screw thread steel bar and the framework lattice beam, and a steel sleeve is sleeved outside the prestressed screw thread steel bar below the spiral bar.

The steel strand locking device 11, the steel backing plate 12, the outer sleeve 1-1, the retaining plate 13, the free section frame wire ring 14, the centering bracket 15, the concrete 16, the limiter 17, the vertical ribs 18, the ring-shaped fixing device 19, the power spring 20, the loose mechanism 21, the stirrup 22 and the bag 23. A limiting pin 24, a restraining rope 25 and a bearing plate 26. The grouting pipe 27, the anchor rod hole 28 and the free section frame wire rings 14 which are uniformly distributed are arranged inside the outer sleeve 1-1 to separate a bundle of steel strands.

The utility model mainly comprises a ring-shaped fixer, connecting ribs, vertical ribs and the like to form a reducing cage, and has compact structure. The central rod (sleeve rod) can be welded or screwed in the central hole (screw hole) of the bearing plate. The reducing cage has various structures: if several vertical ribs form warp threads of the reducing cage, and connecting ribs form intermediate weft threads, and a hoop or net forming outer Zhou Weixian of the periphery can be arranged, the net cage and the net sheet are also reinforcement of the weft threads (all are drawn in the drawing); the structure of the bag can be further arranged to increase the overall firmness of the enlarged footing.

The vertical rib parts and the movable ribs forming the reducing cage are steel bars or fiber ribs (glass fibers, carbon fibers, aramid fibers and basalt fibers are all available fibers), and are available fiber cages or steel bar cages.

The release device and the whole reducing cage are better restrained by the restraint sleeve and the safety pin connected with the restraint sleeve, and other modes such as a string can also be adopted, and the restraint sleeve can be used for restraining the linkage rod or the vertical bar. The restraining sleeve or the string loop is provided with vertical ribs. A restraint sleeve and a safety pin connected to the restraint sleeve to restrict movement of the first loop fastener when the restraint sleeve is opened (restraint sleeve or string is opened).

The opening mode of the reducing cage adopts a power spring to provide power when in compression (extension) and is a typical application; the utility model works as follows, when the safety pin (rope) is not released, the parts such as the vertical ribs and the like are restrained by the restraint loop.

When the release device uses a power spring (similar to other elastic elements), the power spring is kept in a state of providing elastic power (typically compression or extension; the power spring is then used for restraining the vertical bar after compression, etc.), the safety pin is a controlled rod (comprising an electric control device, etc.), when the safety pin is opened, the restraint sleeve releases, and the restraint sleeve can not encircle the linkage rod or the lower linkage rod. Under the action of the elastic force of the power spring, the first ring-shaped fixer moves downwards to open the reducing cage, preferably until the connecting ribs are in a horizontal state, and the connecting ribs play a role in expanding the head concrete framework at any angle.

The reducing cage is prepared into an anchor rod and has wide application in the foundation. The anchor cable comprises an anchor cable reducing cage, an anchor rod member and a fixing structure at the upper end of the anchor rod member, and a reinforcing steel bar connector; the anchor rod member adopts a binding or non-binding finish rolling twisted steel bar, a steel strand, a prestress pull rod and a fiber reinforcement, and the steel bar connector is used for the length connection of the anchor rod member; the top of the anchor rod member is anchored with the building bottom plate, and the bottom of the anchor rod member is locked and anchored with a reducing cage with a release device; the variable diameter cage with the release device, the anchor rod member, the anchoring member and the poured fiber concrete, super-fluidized concrete, concrete and the like or cement mortar, fiber cement mortar, cement slurry and fiber cement slurry curing material crystals are combined, so that an anchor structure expansion head anchor rod system of the variable diameter cage with the release device is formed; the bottom plate is used as a fulcrum for applying prestress or the pile top of the anchor rod is used as a fulcrum for applying prestress, and the anchor structure prestress expansion head anchor rod system of the reducing cage with the release device is formed by tensioning and locking; the anchor cable reducing cage with the release device can be sleeved with a bag or a shield.

The diameter-variable cage with the release device is a fiber cage, a steel reinforcement cage or a steel reinforcement cage and various diameter-variable cages. The release device is various release mechanisms. The reducing cage release device and the cage, the anchor rod or the pile foundation thereof comprise the following materials: carbon fiber, basalt fiber, glass fiber, aramid fiber glass, glass fiber reinforced resin, geotextile, canvas, ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fiber, boron alkene, polytetrafluoroethylene, graphene, carbon element related materials and composite materials thereof, high polymer materials, nano materials, steel, other metals, composite metals, metal materials, nonmetallic materials and the like, and can be elastic, flexible and rigid.

The reducing cage release device and the cage, the anchor rod or the pile foundation and the components thereof are characterized in that the shape of the reducing cage release device comprises/is not limited to a cylinder, a polygonal (circular tangent) cylinder, a round table body, a cone (including a cone and a polygonal cone), a trapezoid cylinder, a spherical bamboo joint cylinder; the cross-sectional plane pattern may be a circle (oval), a sector, an arch, a ring, etc. Polygonal shapes (including triangles, trapezoids, parallelograms, diamonds, rectangles, squares, rays, pentagons, hexagons) and the like; the stereoscopic shape can also be varied: cubes, cuboids, cylinders, truncated cones, prisms, truncated cones, pyramids, honeycombs, melon collaterals, lattice structures, and the like. The specification, model, shape, quantity, size and material can be adjusted according to different project geological conditions.

The anchor cable reducing cage anchor rod also comprises an anchor rod piece and a fixed structure at the upper end of the anchor rod piece, wherein the anchor rod piece comprises an outer sleeve 1-1, a free section frame wire ring 14 and a centering bracket 15, and the anchor rod piece adopts a plurality of anchor cables (steel strands); the anchor cable at the top of the anchor rod member is anchored with the building bottom plate through an anchor head, and the bottom of the anchor rod is locked and anchored with a reducing cage with a release device; the inside of the outer sleeve 1-1 is provided with a free section frame wire ring 14 for supporting a plurality of anchor cables, the center of the centering bracket 15 is sleeved on the outer sleeve, and a reducing cage with a releasing device, an anchor rod piece, an anchoring piece and poured fiber concrete, super-fluidized concrete, concrete and the like or cement mortar, fiber cement mortar, cement slurry, fiber cement slurry or other crystals of curable materials are combined, so that an anchor structure expansion head anchor rod system of the reducing cage with the releasing device is formed; the bottom plate is used as a fulcrum for applying prestress or the pile top of the anchor rod is used as a fulcrum for applying prestress, and the anchor structure prestress expansion head anchor rod system of the reducing cage with the release device is formed by tensioning and locking. The diameter-variable cage with the release device can be sleeved with a sac. The diameter-variable cage with the release device can also be provided with a sheath or a shield.

The beneficial effects are that: the utility model provides a reducing cage releasing device for anchor rods, which is used for enabling various reducing cages to be necessary frameworks of reducing cage anchor rods, greatly enhancing the application function of anchor rods or pile foundations.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the structure of the bottom of the anchor cable reducing cage bottom anchor fixing steel strand of the present utility model;

FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an anchor rod portion made of an anchor cable reducing cage of the present utility model;

figure 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a cable tie reducing cage portion of the present utility model;

fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of an anchor rod system for preparing an anchor rope reducing cage according to the utility model, wherein a is the bottom of the anchor rope reducing cage;

fig. 5 is a schematic drawing of the furled structure of the cable reducing cage of the present utility model;

fig. 6 is a schematic view of the cable wire reduction cage of fig. 5 in an open configuration.

Detailed Description

As shown, the drawings illustrate the application of the present utility model to various reducing cages and to various anchor rod systems, the primary application of which is readily apparent and understood by the engineering skilled artisan. Fig. 5 is a schematic drawing of the furled structure of the cable reducing cage of the present utility model; fig. 6 is a schematic view of an open configuration of the cable gabion of fig. 5; representing various variable diameter reinforcement cage structures that have been filed by the applicant, the variable diameter cages may also comprise fibrous cages. There are various structures for opening the cage.

In the figure, an axial sleeve 1, a steel hinge line 2, a variable-diameter cage bearing plate tapping 3, an anchor 4, a bearing plate limiting screw 5, an extrusion anchor head 6, a limiting plate 7 and a bearing plate 8. The steel strand locking device 11, a steel base plate (bearing plate) 12, an outer sleeve 1-1, a soil retaining plate 13, a free section frame wire ring 14, a centering bracket 15, concrete 16, a limiter 17, a vertical rib 18, a ring-shaped fixer 19, a power spring 20, a loose mechanism 21, stirrups 22 and a bag 23. A limiting pin 24, a restraining rope 25 and a bearing plate 26. Grouting pipe 27, stock hole 28.

The bottom anchoring structure can be shown as shown in figure 1, and mainly comprises an anchorage device 4 and a bearing plate limit screw 5; the structure can also be as follows: the anchor 4 and the bearing plate limit screw 5 are not adopted, the bearing plate 8 and the limit plate 7 can adopt one bearing plate to both consider the limit plate, the bearing plate simultaneously fixes the bottom end (exposed end) of the steel hinge line 2 for the anchor and is fastened by a steel sleeve with taper on the outer surface to be an extrusion anchor head structure, a plurality of holes are arranged on the bearing plate, the aperture is larger than one end of the steel sleeve and smaller than the maximum outer diameter of the taper steel sleeve, and therefore one end of a steel cable is fixed.

And preparing an anchor device, namely preparing LDPE. The bottom end (exposed end) of the steel strand 2 is fastened by a steel sleeve with taper on the outer surface, a plurality of holes are arranged on the end plate, the aperture is larger than one end of the steel sleeve and smaller than the maximum outer diameter of the taper steel sleeve, and one end of the steel cable is fixed.

And a release device: is provided with a restraining sleeve (ring or rope) and a safety pin for restraining and linking the vertical bar, wherein the safety pin is connected with the restraining sleeve. The breaking start of the safety pin is that the physical tension of the rope is reduced by external force cutting, blasting and electrifying heating, and the physical tension of the rope is reduced by physical (the rope is broken after being dissolved by water due to water-soluble materials) or chemical method (both acid and alkali are adopted, reactive chemicals are doped in the rope, and the rope can react when meeting water or can react when meeting chemicals). The steel strand 2 is a main reinforcement anchor cable.

The diameter-changing cage comprises a plurality of vertical ribs, two groups of movable connecting ribs with the same number as the vertical ribs, a first ring-shaped fixer and a second ring-shaped fixer, wherein a jacket is specially sleeved on the main rib anchor cable; the grouting pipe is arranged and fixed with the first ring-shaped fixer or a certain vertical rib; the grouting pipe is stressed to enable the outer sleeve to sink, and then the reducing cage is opened (the fiber cage or the steel reinforcement cage is unfolded by the vertical ribs). One end of each vertical rib of each group of a plurality of movable connecting ribs is connected with the same height position of one rib, the other end of the movable connecting rib is connected with a fixed joint of a ring-shaped fixer, and the ring-shaped fixer is fixed or slides on the outer sleeve rod of the main rib anchor cable.

A structural schematic diagram of a reinforcement cage with reinforcement meshes is arranged in the wrapping reinforcement net; vertical ribs and intermittent weft cages, but without lower guide caps. The short weft threads connected with the same latitude on the adjacent vertical ribs are provided with fixing mechanisms; the adjacent ends of adjacent short wefts with the same latitude are provided with convex ends which are mutually locked with the snare, the structure of mutually matched rail sliding of the adjacent short wefts is not excluded, and the rail ends are also provided with locking. When the fixing mechanism is not adopted, only the fiber cage or the reinforcement cage framework structure can not form a complete fiber cage or reinforcement cage.

The overlapping area of adjacent short wefts is reduced or eliminated, the adjacent end one of the adjacent short wefts is a convex end one which is a snare, the convex end is fixed by the snare, a closed weft loop or a basically closed weft loop is formed, and the convex end is a mechanism which can be locked by the snare fixation.

The adoption of the short weft fiber cage or the steel reinforcement cage is simpler in structure. The vertical ribs are warp threads, short weft threads are uniformly welded on the vertical ribs, the short weft threads with the same latitude on the adjacent vertical ribs have overlapping areas (hard weft threads are intersected or staggered) when the variable-diameter fiber cage or the steel reinforcement cage is contracted, and the overlapping areas of the short weft threads are reduced or eliminated when the variable-diameter fiber cage or the steel reinforcement cage is released by the release mechanism.

When the single-layer variable-diameter fiber cage or the steel reinforcement cage is used, the number of the vertical ribs is generally 4-8, such as 6 vertical ribs, are uniformly distributed, the diameter of the fiber cage or the steel reinforcement cage is about 15 cm when the fiber cage or the steel reinforcement cage is contracted, the diameter of the fiber cage or the steel reinforcement cage is generally 25-50 cm when the fiber cage or the steel reinforcement cage is released, and the fiber cage can be larger, and the fiber cage or the steel reinforcement cage can be released in a customized mode according to design requirements. The short weft is a rigid wire or a flexible wire, and comprises a steel bar, a steel rope or a structure of connecting the steel bars and the steel ropes. The use of fibrous rigid material for the preparation of the short weft is not excluded. The short weft can be in an arc shape with the length of 13-30 cm (the middle of the arc is fixed on the vertical ribs), six sections of arcs are concave inwards towards the direction of the vertical ribs, form a circle with smaller diameter when contracted, and form a circle when released and opened. The weft can be uniformly distributed at intervals of more than 5 according to the height of the fiber cage or the steel reinforcement cage.

The structure of CN2017103161244, such as a spring mentioned by a variable diameter fiber cage or a steel reinforcement cage for an anchor rod or pile foundation, is adopted, and the structure is combined with a grouting pipe to form a telescopic stay rod. The grouting pipe is fixed with the first ring-shaped fixer or a certain vertical rib; the grouting pipe is a rigid rod or is additionally provided with a rigid rod so that the outer sleeve slides to open the fiber cage or the reinforcement cage. Namely, the two groups of movable connecting ribs are respectively connected with a plurality of vertical ribs to be spread. The grouting pipe (or the auxiliary rod) is fixed with the connecting rib of the outer ring of the ring-shaped fixer or with a certain vertical rib; the grouting pipe (or auxiliary rod) is directly stressed to enable the outer sleeve to sink, and the sliding ring-shaped fixer opens the fiber cage or the reinforcement cage vertical bars. The grouting pipe is a rigid rod or is additionally provided with a rigid rod so that the outer sleeve slides to open the fiber cage or the reinforcement cage. The periphery of a plurality of vertical bars of the enlarged head fiber cage or the reinforcement cage is provided with movably connected stirrups (steel ropes or elastic reinforcement bars); the elastic reinforcement can also be released by adopting a mode of releasing the elastic stirrup to release the variable-diameter fiber cage or the reinforcement cage, and the main reinforcement anchor cable is wrapped and coagulated by concrete or cement mortar, cement paste or other curable materials.

The external hydraulic or pneumatic opening mode is mainly used for providing the power for sliding the first ring-shaped fixer or the second ring-shaped fixer along the axial rod, namely, the hydraulic or pneumatic extendable rod is fixed with the first ring-shaped fixer or the second ring-shaped fixer along the axial rod (such as through a connecting rod or a lever), the hydraulic or pneumatic extendable rod can drive the fiber cage or the reinforcement cage to be opened, and the releasing and driving structure is also applicable to the reinforcement cage. Other modes of opening description: rotary, tension spring, elastic rope, vacuum tension rod, stay cord, (hydraulic pull rod) pull rod, spring piece, elastic ring, elastic ball, elastic rod, compression bag, hydraulic jack (rod), elastic telescopic stay bar of pneumatic jack (rod) counter weight, resilient means: both the forces providing the sliding of the first loop fastener 2 or the second loop fastener along the axial rod.

The bottom of the grouting pipe is provided with a telescopic grouting head, when grouting liquid or inflating in the grouting pipe, the grouting head can stretch to push the movable mechanism to expand the fiber cage or the reinforcement cage. Or the release mechanism is that the central tubes at the upper end and the lower end are respectively sleeved with a spiral spring (the diameter of the spiral spring in the free state is far greater than that of the central tubes), the upper end and the lower end of the spiral spring are respectively fixed on the vertical rib limiting disc and the pressure rotating disc, the diameter of the spiral spring is contracted when the diameter-variable cage is in the contracted state and is tightly attached to the central rod, and the spiral spring is in the large-diameter state before restoration after the limiting pin is pulled out to release the constraint, so that the vertical ribs of the diameter-variable cage can be completely opened by rotating the pressure rotating disc;

or the release mechanism comprises a rotation, a tension spring, an elastic rope, a vacuum tension rod, a pull rope, a pull rod of a (hydraulic pull rod), a spring piece, an elastic ring, an elastic ball, an elastic rod, a compression bag, a hydraulic jack (rod) and an elastic telescopic supporting rod of a pneumatic jack (rod) counterweight, wherein one of the two ends of the elastic device is fixed at a movable ring-shaped fixer and the other fixed position fixed with a main rib anchor rope.

Compression springs, leaf springs, hydraulic or pneumatic rods, torsion springs (which can be used alone as expanding and expanding power); the anchor rod body can be matched with the high-strength nut to lock the prestress, and the fiber reinforced concrete can be used for the concrete of the anchor rod body and the anchoring section. When the safety pin is not released, the safety pin is a controlled rod to enable the restraint sleeve to be locked on the linkage rod or the expansion rod, the power spring (or other release mechanisms) is kept in a power supply state, and when the safety pin is opened, the restraint sleeve is released, and the restraint sleeve is scattered or moves to the pin shaft position of the end part of the linkage rod or the expansion rod. The opening to the horizontal position or at any angle is the enlarged head concrete skeleton.

The periphery of the variable diameter fiber cage or the reinforcement cage can also wrap the bag. Reinforcing mesh can be arranged around the cage. The rod body can be a finish rolled steel bar, a rod body prepared from tensile fibers or a composite material rod body. The finish-rolled steel bar body can be a pre-stressed bar body added at first or later, and the post-stressed bar body can be an outer layer of the finish-rolled steel bar, which is sequentially coated with an anti-corrosion coating, anti-corrosion grease and a sleeve.

The diameter-variable cage with the release device is a fiber cage, a steel reinforcement cage or a steel reinforcement cage and various diameter-variable cages. The release device is various release mechanisms.

The reducing cage release device and the cage, the anchor rod or the pile foundation thereof comprise the following materials: carbon fiber, basalt fiber, glass fiber, aramid fiber glass, glass fiber reinforced resin, geotextile, canvas, ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fiber, boron alkene, polytetrafluoroethylene, graphene, carbon element related materials and composite materials thereof, high polymer materials, nano materials, steel, other metals, composite metals, metal materials, nonmetallic materials and the like, and can be elastic, flexible and rigid.

The reducing cage release device and the cage, the anchor rod or the pile foundation and the shapes of all parts comprise/are not limited to a cylinder, a polygonal (circular tangent) cylinder, a round table body, a cone (including a cone and a polygonal cone), a trapezoid cylinder, a sphere and a bamboo joint cylinder; the cross-sectional plane pattern may be a circle (oval), a sector, an arch, a ring, etc. Polygonal shapes (including triangles, trapezoids, parallelograms, diamonds, rectangles, squares, rays, pentagons, hexagons) and the like; the stereoscopic shape can also be varied: cubes, cuboids, cylinders, truncated cones, prisms, truncated cones, pyramids, honeycombs, melon collaterals, lattice structures, and the like. The specification, model, shape, quantity, size and material can be adjusted according to different project geological conditions.

The variable-diameter cage anchor rod with the release device comprises an anchor rod piece, various parts, a fixed structure at the upper end of the anchor rod piece and a reinforcing steel bar connector; the anchor rod member adopts a binding or non-binding finish rolling twisted steel bar, a steel strand, a prestress pull rod and a fiber reinforcement, and the steel bar connector is used for the length connection of the anchor rod member; the top of the anchor rod member is anchored with the building bottom plate, and the bottom of the anchor rod member is locked and anchored with a reducing cage with a release device; the diameter-variable cage with the release device, the anchor rod member, the anchoring member and the poured fiber concrete, super-fluidized concrete, concrete and the like or cement mortar, fiber cement mortar, cement slurry, fiber cement slurry or other crystals of curable materials are combined, so that an anchor structure expansion head anchor rod system of the diameter-variable cage with the release device is formed; the bottom plate is used as a fulcrum for applying prestress or the pile top of the anchor rod is used as a fulcrum for applying prestress, and the anchor structure prestress expansion head anchor rod system of the reducing cage with the release device is formed by tensioning and locking. The diameter-variable cage with the release device can be sleeved with a sac. The diameter-variable cage with the release device can also be provided with a sheath or a shield.

According to the application of the utility model, the ultimate bearing capacity and the design bearing capacity of the engineering expansion head anchor rod are calculated according to the engineering geological survey report and the designed anchor rod type and the technical regulations of high-pressure injection expansion head anchor rods (JGJ/T282-2012), wherein the ultimate bearing capacity and the design bearing capacity of the engineering expansion head anchor rod are as follows:

enlarging the section size of the head anchor rod: 250/750 (circular section), the length of a single anchor rod is 15 m, the length of a common anchoring section is 12.5 m, the length of an enlarged anchoring section is 2.5 m, and a layer of strong weathered argillite-sandy argillite and argillite is used as the enlarged anchoring section and enters the layer of not less than 2.5 m. The characteristic value of the pulling-resistant bearing capacity of the single enlarged head anchor rod is 500kN.

The construction scheme is as follows: the construction process of the enlarged footing anchor rod is enlarged, and the construction parameters are adjusted according to the design requirements;

1.1.1 measuring and positioning, and popping up a hole site datum line on the base layer according to the on-site rechecked axis and the design requirement and the stratum condition. And determining the position of the concrete anchor rod according to the datum line, marking by adopting a dowel bar method, and scattering lime marks, wherein the positioning deviation of the anchor rod plane is not more than 100mm. And notifying the supervision and the owner of the field personnel to check and accept.

1.1.2 non-enlarged head section drilling, roof bolter pore-forming:

(1) The diameter of the rod body of the non-expansion head section of the anchor rod is 250mm, the deviation of the hole site is less than or equal to 100mm, kong Xielv is less than or equal to 1.0%, and the aperture is more than or equal to 250mm.

(2) And adopting a rotary jet drill bit to perform low-pressure jet pore forming or adopting a drill bit matched with the designed pore diameter to perform drilling.

1.1.3 high pressure rotary jetting reaming, mechanical reaming is also possible.

If the prestress unbonded tendons are adopted, an anti-corrosion grease layer is arranged on the surface of the main tendon anchor cable, and a plastic film sleeve is arranged outside the anti-corrosion grease layer; the device is coated with the anti-corrosion oil layer, the non-adhesive ribs of the anti-corrosion oil layer are coated with polyethylene or polypropylene plastic films through a plastic extruder, and then the plastic sleeve is molded through a cooling cylinder die, wherein the sleeve can be made of various materials such as metal, PP, PE, PVC, plastic and the like. The mass requirement of the rod body is as follows: the anchor rod body and the anchor cable are made of high-strength steel bars with an external anti-corrosion coating, the adhesive force between the coating and a steel bar base layer is not lower than 5 anchor rods Pa, the adhesive force between the coating and a cement base layer is not lower than 1.5mPa, and the thickness of the coating is more than 280 mu m according to the standard requirement. And b, binding between the reinforcing steel bars and the centering support is firm. c is strictly manufactured according to the design requirement and specification.

1.1.5 anchor rod installation, before the body of rod anchor rope is put into drilling, the quality of the body of rod anchor rope should be inspected, ensures that the body of rod equipment satisfies the design requirement. Simultaneously placing the grouting pipe and the anchor rod into the hole, and opening the constraint device after the elevation is designed to enable the tree root-shaped ground anchor ribbed nut or ribbed flange to be unfolded to the designed diameter; the distance from the end of the grouting pipe to the bottom of the hole is preferably 200 anchor rods, the length of the anchor rod inserted into the hole is not less than 95% of that specified by design, the anchor rods are not required to be knocked at will after being installed, the anchor rods are not required to be pulled up at will, the verticality is controlled to be less than or equal to 1.0%, and then grouting cement slurry (pressure grouting) is prepared.

1.1.6 grouting, wherein the grouting material can be fine stone concrete;

the pile top of the anchor rod is used as a fulcrum for applying prestress: (1) after the strength of the concrete or grouting body of the anchor rod reaches 90%, cleaning the floating paste above the designed elevation of the pile top of the anchor rod, leveling by using cement mortar, and embedding an anchor backing plate at the top of the anchor rod; (2) the prestress nuts are arranged on the screw-thread steel bars above the anchor backing plate and are mechanically connected with the backing plate and the prestress steel bars, the prestress nuts are screwed in time, and the prestress is applied to the deformation position required by design by using a matched torque wrench. Or a jack or other devices are used for applying prestress to the load required by design, and the anchor is used for locking. (3) The anchor backing plate and the nut for locking the prestress are painted with anti-corrosion paint; (4) pouring a cushion layer, and placing a water-swelling water-stopping adhesive tape at the lower end of a bottom plate at the upper end of the cushion layer; (5) the pre-stressing nut is provided with a protection device, namely the spiral stirrup is sleeved on the pre-stressing nut, the spiral stirrup and the foundation slab steel bar on the substrate are bound, and the collision of the pre-stressing steel bar is avoided in the binding process; (6) installing an anchor fitting; according to engineering design and specification requirements, an anchoring structure is arranged at the top of the anchor rod main rib anchor cable; (7) and finally, pouring a foundation concrete foundation slab by the formwork and pouring the foundation concrete foundation slab together with the building foundation slab to form an anti-floating tensile or compression system.

The post-tensioning prestress applying device of the anchor rod and the anchor cable has two structures, namely, equipment for applying force upwards at the lower end of the steel bar clamp holder comprises a jack; another type of device that applies upward force to the upper end of the bar holder includes, but is not limited to, jacks, hand wrenches, cranes, beaches, gantry cranes, wheel reels, etc., electric, hydraulic, pneumatic machinery, and hand operated devices.

The enlarged head anchor rod body and anchor cable assembly is installed:

1. all materials and accessories thereof are stored and stacked neatly, and the materials are dampproof, rust-proof and fireproof; the processed anchor rod body assembly cannot be mechanically damaged, corroded and polluted by media and the raw materials polluted by harmful substances cannot be used when being stored, carried and placed.

2. When a rod body isolating sleeve is arranged outside the rod body reinforced anchor cable according to design requirements, the sleeve is required to be filled with anti-corrosion grease, and the two ends of the sleeve are sealed; the sleeve must not be damaged during processing and installation. According to the standard requirements, the gap between the sleeve and the rod body should be filled with anti-corrosion grease, and double sleeve sealing protection can be adopted if necessary, and the detail is shown in a large pattern. A rod body positioner is arranged at intervals of 2m along the axis direction of the rod body, and the grouting pipe/conduit is firmly bound with the rod body.

The application range of the utility model comprises but is not limited to various pile types such as floating resistance, pulling resistance, tensile resistance, compression resistance and the like; the application fields include, but are not limited to, various building engineering, slope protection, geological disasters and the like.

The foregoing is illustrative of the present utility model and is not to be construed as limiting thereof, but rather as being included within the scope of the present utility model.

Claims (8)

1. The utility model provides an anchor rope reducing cage which is characterized in that, the anchor rope reducing cage comprises at least two ring-shaped fixer, axial sleeve, anchor rope, release mechanism, connecting rib, center pole, a plurality of anchor ropes are arranged in the axial sleeve, the lower extreme of anchor rope is anchor device fixed on the bearing plate, first ring-shaped fixer is sleeved on the axial sleeve in the center and can slide, the first ring-shaped fixer is fixed by one end of the restraining device, release mechanism can slide under the effect of this ring-shaped fixer release mechanism, a plurality of vertical ribs encircle center pole, a plurality of movable connecting ribs of first group are respectively and movably connected with a plurality of joints of the upper ends of a plurality of vertical ribs and the circumference of first ring-shaped fixer, a plurality of movable connecting ribs of second group are respectively connected with a plurality of joints of the lower ends of a plurality of vertical ribs and the circumference of second ring-shaped fixer; the limiting device refers to a limiting rope or a limiting pin for limiting the release of the reducing cage.

2. The anchor cable reducing cage of claim 1, wherein the release mechanism is an elastic device, and both ends of the elastic device are respectively fixed at a movable ring-shaped fixer and another fixed position fixed with the main-tendon anchor cable; the elastic device is sleeved on a power spring of the central rod, which exerts elastic force, or a spring piece, an elastic ring, an elastic ball, an elastic rod, a compression bag, an elastic rope or a spring of the outer hoop, which slides by the first ring-shaped fixer, and can exert elastic force to enable the first ring-shaped fixer to slide.

3. The anchor cable reducing cage according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the anchor head is arranged at the upper end of the anchor rod pile and comprises a steel strand locker and a steel backing plate sleeved on a plurality of steel strands, and the steel strand locker is arranged above the steel backing plate.

4. The anchor cable reducing cage of claim 3, wherein the anchor head comprises a reinforcing mesh, a prestressed high-strength threaded tendon anchor, a spiral tendon and a steel sleeve, and the reinforcing mesh is arranged above the prestressed steel strands at intervals; the spiral rib is arranged at the junction of the prestressed twisted steel bar and the framework lattice beam, and the outer sleeve of the prestressed steel strand below the spiral rib is a steel sleeve.

5. The anchor cable reducing cage according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the lower end anchoring device of the anchor cable is an axial sleeve, a steel strand, a reducing cage bearing plate tapping, an anchorage device, a limiting plate limiting screw, an extrusion anchor head, a limiting plate and a bearing plate.

6. The anchor cable reducing cage according to claim 5, wherein a bearing plate is adopted for limiting, the bearing plate is used for fixing the bottom end of the steel strand for the anchor device, the steel sleeve with the taper on the outer surface is fastened to form an extrusion anchor head structure, a plurality of holes are formed in the bearing plate, the hole diameter is larger than the maximum outer diameter of the steel sleeve, and one end of the steel sleeve is smaller than the maximum outer diameter of the taper steel sleeve, so that one end of the steel strand is fixed.

7. The anchor cable reducing cage of claim 5, wherein the outer sleeve has uniformly distributed free segment wire loops inside it spaced apart a bundle of steel strands.

8. An anchor rod prepared by the anchor rope reducing cage according to any one of claims 1-7, which is characterized by comprising the anchor rope reducing cage, an anchor rod piece and a fixing structure at the upper end of the anchor rod piece, and a steel bar connector; the anchor rod member adopts a binding or non-binding finish rolling twisted steel bar, a steel strand, a prestress pull rod and a fiber reinforcement, and the steel bar connector is used for the length connection of the anchor rod member; the top of the anchor rod member is anchored with the building bottom plate, and the bottom of the anchor rod member is locked and anchored with a reducing cage with a release device; the diameter-variable cage, the anchor rod member and the anchoring member with the release device are combined with poured fiber concrete, super-fluidized concrete, concrete or cement mortar, fiber cement mortar, cement slurry and fiber cement slurry curing material crystals; the bottom plate is used as a fulcrum for applying prestress or the pile top of the anchor rod is used as a fulcrum for applying prestress, and the anchor structure prestress expansion head anchor rod of the reducing cage with the release device is formed by tensioning and locking.

Images