CN219032083U - Photovoltaic board pyrolysis recovery unit based on high temperature flue gas - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a high-temperature flue gas-based photovoltaic panel pyrolysis recovery device, which comprises a body, a bearing mechanism and an air supply mechanism, wherein the body is provided with a pyrolysis cavity, a photovoltaic panel inlet and a photovoltaic panel outlet are arranged at the first end of the pyrolysis cavity, a pyrolysis gas outlet is arranged at the second end of the pyrolysis cavity, the bearing mechanism is positioned in the pyrolysis cavity, the air supply mechanism comprises a pyrolysis air blower and an induced draft fan, and the pyrolysis air blower and the induced draft fan are communicated with the pyrolysis cavity. The photovoltaic panel pyrolysis recovery device based on the high-temperature flue gas provided by the utility model has the advantages of low energy consumption, high pyrolysis efficiency, high recovery rate and the like.

Description

Photovoltaic board pyrolysis recovery unit based on high temperature flue gas

Technical Field

The utility model relates to the technical field of photovoltaic recovery, in particular to a photovoltaic panel pyrolysis recovery device based on high-temperature flue gas.

Background

In the recycling treatment, the recycling treatment can realize the recycling of the photovoltaic module and reduce the waste and pollution caused in the production process of raw materials, for example, silicon chips are the most expensive materials in the photovoltaic module, the energy and the cost for recycling the silicon from the waste photovoltaic module are only one third of those for directly producing the silicon, and the pollution to the environment in the production process of the silicon chips can be effectively avoided.

The recycling recovery of the waste photovoltaic panels mainly comprises two aspects of pretreatment and valuable component recovery, and in order to realize efficient recovery of the waste photovoltaic panels, the waste photovoltaic panels are firstly separated into different layers, and valuable components in the waste photovoltaic panels are respectively treated and recovered one by one. Related researches show that the difficulty of the pretreatment separation process is the decomposition of the packaging materials of the components of each part, and the existing decomposition method mainly comprises a chemical treatment method, a physical treatment method and a physical and chemical combined treatment method. Although the chemical treatment method represented by dissolution of the organic solvent has the advantage of low energy consumption, the reaction rate is low, and a large amount of harmful waste liquid is generated. For the physical treatment method, the mechanical crushing method is simple and convenient to operate and environment-friendly, but has low recovery rate and difficult separation, and the heat treatment method is also simple and convenient to operate and fast in reaction rate, but has high energy consumption and is accompanied by pollutant emission. The physical and chemical combined method has the advantages of high reaction rate and high recovery rate, but is unfavorable for large-scale industrial application due to the very complex process flow.

Disclosure of Invention

The present utility model aims to solve at least one of the technical problems in the related art to some extent. Therefore, the embodiment of the utility model provides a high-temperature flue gas-based photovoltaic panel pyrolysis recovery device, which has the advantages of low energy consumption and high pyrolysis efficiency.

According to the high-temperature flue gas-based photovoltaic panel pyrolysis recovery device provided by the embodiment of the utility model, the high-temperature flue gas-based photovoltaic panel pyrolysis recovery device comprises a body, a bearing mechanism and an air supply mechanism, wherein the body is provided with a pyrolysis cavity, a photovoltaic panel inlet and a photovoltaic panel outlet are arranged at the first end of the pyrolysis cavity, a pyrolysis gas outlet is arranged at the second end of the pyrolysis cavity, the bearing mechanism is positioned in the pyrolysis cavity, the air supply mechanism comprises a pyrolysis air blower and an induced draft fan, and the pyrolysis air blower and the induced draft fan are communicated with the pyrolysis cavity.

The photovoltaic panel pyrolysis recovery device based on the high-temperature flue gas has the advantages of low energy consumption and high pyrolysis efficiency.

In some embodiments, the support mechanism includes a pyrolysis chain, a drive shaft adjacent the first end of the pyrolysis chamber, the pyrolysis chain encircling the drive shaft and the drive shaft, a drive shaft, and a control device coupled to the drive shaft.

In some embodiments, a pyrolysis hood is arranged at the bottom of the pyrolysis cavity, and the pyrolysis hood is communicated with the pyrolysis blower.

In some embodiments, a plurality of the pyrolysis hood are evenly distributed at the bottom of the pyrolysis chamber.

In some embodiments, the pyrolysis gas outlet is respectively communicated with the first valve and the second valve through pipelines, and the induced draft fan is arranged on the pipeline of the second valve.

In some embodiments, the body further has a recovery cavity located below and in communication with the pyrolysis cavity.

In some embodiments, a pyrolysis oil outlet is arranged at the bottom of the pyrolysis cavity, the pyrolysis oil outlet is communicated with an inlet of an enrichment bin, and an outlet of the enrichment bin is communicated with the recovery cavity.

In some embodiments, a venturi eductor is disposed within the recovery chamber.

In some embodiments, the air inlet of the venturi ejector is connected with the carrier gas fan, the air outlet of the venturi ejector is communicated with the pyrolysis gas outlet, and the feed inlet of the venturi ejector is communicated with the outlet of the enrichment bin.

In some embodiments, the body is embedded within a high temperature flue having a temperature of 300 ℃ or greater.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a pyrolysis recovery unit for a photovoltaic panel based on high-temperature flue gas according to an embodiment of the present utility model.

Fig. 2 is a schematic view of a pyrolysis chain, a driving shaft and a driving shaft of a pyrolysis recovery unit for a photovoltaic panel based on high-temperature flue gas in an embodiment of the utility model.

Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of an enrichment bin of a pyrolysis recovery device for photovoltaic panels based on high-temperature flue gas according to an embodiment of the utility model.

Fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of a pyrolysis recovery unit for photovoltaic panels based on high-temperature flue gas according to another embodiment of the present utility model.

Reference numerals: 1. a photovoltaic panel inlet; 2. a photovoltaic panel outlet; 3. a pyrolysis gas outlet; 4. a pyrolysis wind blower; 5. an induced draft fan; 6. a pyrolysis chain; 7. a drive shaft; 8. a transmission shaft; 9. a control device; 10. a pyrolysis wind cap; 11. a first valve; 12. a second valve; 13. a venturi eductor; 14. an enrichment bin; 15. a carrier gas blower; 16. and (5) a high-temperature flue.

Detailed Description

Reference will now be made in detail to embodiments of the present utility model, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. The embodiments described below by referring to the drawings are illustrative and intended to explain the present utility model and should not be construed as limiting the utility model.

As shown in fig. 1 to 4, according to an embodiment of the utility model, a high-temperature flue gas-based photovoltaic panel pyrolysis recovery device comprises a body, a bearing mechanism and an air supply mechanism, wherein the body is provided with a pyrolysis cavity, a photovoltaic panel inlet 1 and a photovoltaic panel outlet 2 are arranged at a first end of the pyrolysis cavity, a pyrolysis gas outlet 3 is arranged at a second end of the pyrolysis cavity, the bearing mechanism is positioned in the pyrolysis cavity, the air supply mechanism comprises a pyrolysis air blower 4 and an induced draft fan 5, and the pyrolysis air blower 4 and the induced draft fan 5 are communicated with the pyrolysis cavity. The photovoltaic panel inlet 1 and the photovoltaic panel outlet 2 are respectively provided with an inlet conveying plate and an outlet conveying plate, so that the photovoltaic panel to be pyrolyzed is placed stably and leaves the pyrolysis chain 6. And pyrolyzing the photovoltaic panel in the pyrolysis cavity, discharging gas generated by pyrolysis and pyrolysis wind from a pyrolysis outlet into a hearth, wherein the pyrolysis time is 30-90 min, and the hearth can be a coal powder furnace, a cement kiln, a garbage incineration plant and the like. The pyrolysis air of the pyrolysis air blower 4 is in a pure nitrogen atmosphere, the air quantity is regulated according to the pyrolysis treatment capacity, and the working condition of the induced draft fan 5 is in an air atmosphere.

The photovoltaic panel pyrolysis recovery device based on the high-temperature flue gas provided by the embodiment of the utility model has the advantages of low energy consumption, high pyrolysis efficiency, high recovery rate and the like.

In some embodiments, as shown in fig. 1 and 2, the support mechanism includes a pyrolysis chain 6, a drive shaft 7, a drive shaft 8, and a control device 9, the drive shaft 7 being adjacent to a first end of the pyrolysis chamber, the pyrolysis chain 6 encircling the drive shaft 7 and the drive shaft 8, the control device 9 being coupled to the drive shaft 7.

Specifically, pyrolysis chain 6 can be hollow out construction's chain, and the pyrolysis wind of being convenient for passes through, and the both ends of transmission shaft 8 and drive shaft 7 all rotate with the pyrolysis chamber to be connected, and drive shaft 7 is controlled by controlling means 9, and controlling means 9 adjusts the rotational speed of drive shaft 7, turns to, technological parameters such as start-stop time. The two ends of the pyrolysis chain 6 are lapped together to form a ring shape, the pyrolysis chain 6 is connected with the driving shaft 7 in a transmission way, and the pyrolysis chain 6 rotates along with the rotation of the driving shaft 7. The driving shaft 7 reversely rotates to drive the pyrolysis chain 6 to rotate to finish conveying feeding, a photovoltaic plate to be pyrolyzed enters the pyrolysis cavity, the driving shaft 7 stops rotating to perform pyrolysis operation, the pyrolysis time range can be 30-90 min, the driving shaft 7 positively rotates to finish conveying discharging, the pyrolyzed photovoltaic plate leaves the pyrolysis cavity, and the rotation direction of the driving shaft 8 is consistent with that of the driving shaft 7.

In some embodiments, as shown in fig. 1 and 3, a pyrolysis hood 10 is arranged at the bottom of the pyrolysis chamber, and the pyrolysis hood 10 is communicated with the pyrolysis blower 4.

Specifically, pyrolysis wind is sent into the pyrolysis chamber through pyrolysis wind forced draught blower 4, through pyrolysis hood 10 evenly distributed in the below of photovoltaic board, and pyrolysis wind carries pyrolysis gas by pyrolysis wind outlet discharge in pyrolysis chamber through pyrolysis chain 6, and pyrolysis gas finally gets into furnace and accomplishes the processing.

In some embodiments, as shown in fig. 3, a plurality of pyrolysis hoods 10 are uniformly distributed at the bottom of the pyrolysis chamber.

Specifically, a plurality of pyrolysis wind caps 10 can make pyrolysis wind see through pyrolysis chain 6 and treat pyrolysis's photovoltaic board evenly distributed in pyrolysis chamber's bottom and evenly heat and make the photovoltaic board be in nitrogen atmosphere, guarantee pyrolysis efficiency.

In some embodiments, as shown in fig. 1, the pyrolysis gas outlet 3 is respectively communicated with the first valve 11 and the second valve 12 through pipes, and the induced draft fan 5 is arranged on the pipe of the second valve 12.

Specifically, the pyrolysis gas outlet 3 is communicated with the hearth through a pipeline, the first valve 11 and the second valve 12 respectively control the opening and closing of one pipeline, the first valve 11 is opened in the pyrolysis process, the second valve 12 is kept closed, the induced draft fan 5 does not work, and pyrolysis gas enters the hearth through the pipeline at the first valve 11; after pyrolysis is finished, the first valve 11 is closed, the second valve 12 is opened, the pyrolysis air blower 4 stops working, the induced draft fan 5 is started, the induced draft fan 5 ensures that the inside of the pyrolysis cavity is in a negative pressure environment in the discharging process, and the overflow of pyrolysis is prevented, so that the operation safety is ensured.

In some embodiments, the body further has a recovery chamber located below and in communication with the pyrolysis chamber.

Specifically, retrieve the chamber and be used for retrieving pyrolysis oil or pyrolytic carbon etc. that can't discharge along with pyrolysis wind from the pyrolysis chamber, the photovoltaic board receives pyrolysis oil, the pyrolytic carbon collection that forms after the pyrolysis can guarantee the steady operation in retrieving the chamber in the pyrolysis chamber.

In some embodiments, as shown in fig. 4 and 3, a pyrolysis oil outlet is provided at the bottom of the pyrolysis chamber, the pyrolysis oil outlet being in communication with the inlet to the enrichment chamber 14, the outlet of the enrichment chamber 14 being in communication with the recovery chamber.

Specifically, the position of pyrolysis oil outlet is lower than pyrolysis hood 10, and enrichment storehouse 14 can be the funnel form, and the import of enrichment storehouse 14 is located pyrolysis chain 6 and is convenient for collect unable pyrolysis oil, pyrolysis carbon etc. that discharge along with pyrolysis wind, and the export of enrichment storehouse 14 passes pyrolysis oil outlet and the recovery chamber intercommunication in pyrolysis chamber bottom.

In some embodiments, as shown in fig. 4, a venturi eductor 13 is provided in the recovery chamber.

Specifically, the venturi injector 13 injects pyrolysis oil to the pyrolysis gas outlet 3 to sufficiently treat the pyrolysis oil and the pyrolysis carbon in the furnace.

In some embodiments, as shown in fig. 4, the air inlet of the venturi ejector 13 is connected with the carrier gas fan 15, the air outlet of the venturi ejector 13 is connected with the pyrolysis gas outlet 3, and the feed inlet of the venturi ejector 13 is connected with the outlet of the enrichment bin 14.

Specifically, the venturi ejector 13 is matched with the carrier gas fan 15 to convey pyrolysis oil, pyrolytic carbon and pyrolysis gas together to the hearth for completing treatment.

In some embodiments, the body is embedded within the high temperature flue 16, and the temperature of the high temperature flue 16 is greater than or equal to 300 ℃.

Specifically, the body is embedded into one side of the high-temperature flue 16, so that the flue residual heat of the existing device can be conveniently utilized to fully pyrolyze organic components such as organic packaging materials and the like which are difficult to treat in the waste gas photovoltaic panel, and the energy consumption and the operation cost are reduced. The flue can be a pulverized coal furnace, a circulating fluidized bed, a cement kiln, a garbage incineration plant and the like which are simultaneously provided with a high-temperature tail flue and an ultralow emission pollutant control device 9.

In embodiment 1, as shown in fig. 1 to 3, the flue temperature is 300 ℃, waste photovoltaic panels enter the pyrolysis cavity of the body from the photovoltaic panel inlet 1, the pyrolysis chain 6 drives the waste photovoltaic panels to enter the high-temperature area in the pyrolysis cavity for pyrolysis under the drive of the driving shaft 7, the photovoltaic panel inlet 1 and the photovoltaic panel outlet 2 of the pyrolysis cavity remain closed in the pyrolysis process, the pyrolysis wind blower 4 sends pyrolysis wind into the pyrolysis cavity, the pyrolysis wind cap 10 uniformly diffuses the pyrolysis wind, the pyrolysis wind carries pyrolysis gas through the pyrolysis chain 6 and is discharged from the pyrolysis gas outlet 3, the first valve 11 is opened in the pyrolysis process, the second valve 12 is kept closed, the induced draught fan 5 does not work, pyrolysis time is 30min, after pyrolysis is completed, the photovoltaic panels are driven by the driving shaft 7 and the pyrolysis chain 6 to be sent out through the photovoltaic panel outlet 2, the first valve 11 is closed, the second valve 12 and the induced draught fan 5 are opened, the pyrolysis wind blower 4 stops working, the induced draught fan 5 starts working, the inside of the pyrolysis cavity is ensured to be a negative pressure environment in the warming and the discharging process is prevented from escaping.

In embodiment 2, as shown in fig. 2 to 4, the flue temperature is 400 ℃, waste photovoltaic panels enter the pyrolysis cavity of the body from the photovoltaic panel inlet 1, the pyrolysis chain 6 drives the waste photovoltaic panels to enter the high-temperature area in the pyrolysis cavity for pyrolysis under the drive of the driving shaft 7, the photovoltaic panel inlet 1 and the photovoltaic panel outlet 2 of the pyrolysis cavity remain closed in the pyrolysis process, the pyrolysis wind blower 4 sends the pyrolysis wind into the pyrolysis cavity, the pyrolysis wind cap 10 uniformly diffuses the pyrolysis wind, the pyrolysis wind carries pyrolysis gas through the pyrolysis chain 6 and is discharged from the pyrolysis gas outlet 3, the first valve 11 is opened in the pyrolysis process, the second valve 12 remains closed, the induced draft fan 5 does not work, pyrolysis oil and pyrolysis carbon enter the recovery cavity, and are conveyed to the pyrolysis starting outlet through the cooperation of the venturi ejector 13 and the carrier gas fan 15 to be discharged to the hearth. After pyrolysis time is 90min, the photovoltaic board is sent out through photovoltaic board export 2 under the drive of drive shaft 7 and pyrolysis chain 6 after the pyrolysis, closes first valve 11 and opens second valve 12 and draught fan 5, and pyrolysis wind forced draught blower 4 stops work, and draught fan 5 begins work, ensures that pyrolysis intracavity portion is negative pressure environment in the ejection of compact in-process, prevents that pyrolysis gas from escaping.

In the description of the present utility model, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential", etc. indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings are merely for convenience in describing the present utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a specific orientation, be configured and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the present utility model.

Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and the like, are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying a relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defining "a first" or "a second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. In the description of the present utility model, the meaning of "plurality" means at least two, for example, two, three, etc., unless specifically defined otherwise.

In the present utility model, unless explicitly specified and limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally formed; may be mechanically connected, may be electrically connected or may be in communication with each other; either directly or indirectly, through intermediaries, or both, may be in communication with each other or in interaction with each other, unless expressly defined otherwise. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present utility model can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art according to the specific circumstances.

In the present utility model, unless expressly stated or limited otherwise, a first feature "up" or "down" a second feature may be the first and second features in direct contact, or the first and second features in indirect contact via an intervening medium. Moreover, a first feature being "above," "over" and "on" a second feature may be a first feature being directly above or obliquely above the second feature, or simply indicating that the first feature is level higher than the second feature. The first feature being "under", "below" and "beneath" the second feature may be the first feature being directly under or obliquely below the second feature, or simply indicating that the first feature is less level than the second feature.

For purposes of this disclosure, the terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "example," "a particular example," or "some examples," etc., mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the utility model. In this specification, schematic representations of the above terms are not necessarily directed to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. Furthermore, the different embodiments or examples described in this specification and the features of the different embodiments or examples may be combined and combined by those skilled in the art without contradiction.

While embodiments of the present utility model have been shown and described above, it will be understood that the above embodiments are illustrative and not to be construed as limiting the utility model, and that variations, modifications, alternatives and variations may be made to the above embodiments by one of ordinary skill in the art within the scope of the utility model.

Claims (10)

1. Photovoltaic board pyrolysis recovery unit based on high temperature flue gas, its characterized in that includes:

the device comprises a body, wherein the body is provided with a pyrolysis cavity, a photovoltaic panel inlet and a photovoltaic panel outlet are formed in the first end of the pyrolysis cavity, and a pyrolysis gas outlet is formed in the second end of the pyrolysis cavity;

the bearing mechanism is positioned in the pyrolysis cavity;

the air supply mechanism comprises a pyrolysis air blower and an induced draft fan, and the pyrolysis air blower and the induced draft fan are communicated with the pyrolysis cavity.

2. The high temperature flue gas based photovoltaic panel pyrolysis recovery unit of claim 1 wherein the support mechanism comprises a pyrolysis chain, a drive shaft and a control device, the drive shaft being adjacent the first end of the pyrolysis chamber, the pyrolysis chain encircling the drive shaft and the drive shaft, the control device being connected to the drive shaft.

3. The high-temperature flue gas-based photovoltaic panel pyrolysis recovery device according to claim 1, wherein a pyrolysis hood is arranged at the bottom of the pyrolysis cavity, and the pyrolysis hood is communicated with the pyrolysis air blower.

4. The high temperature flue gas based photovoltaic panel pyrolysis recovery unit of claim 3 wherein a plurality of said pyrolysis hood are evenly distributed at the bottom of said pyrolysis chamber.

5. The high-temperature flue gas-based photovoltaic panel pyrolysis recovery unit according to claim 1, wherein the pyrolysis gas outlet is respectively communicated with the first valve and the second valve through pipelines, and the induced draft fan is arranged on the pipeline of the second valve.

6. The high temperature flue gas based photovoltaic panel pyrolysis recovery device of claim 1 wherein the body further has a recovery cavity located below and in communication with the pyrolysis cavity.

7. The high-temperature flue gas-based photovoltaic panel pyrolysis recovery device according to claim 6, wherein a pyrolysis oil outlet is formed in the bottom of the pyrolysis cavity, the pyrolysis oil outlet is communicated with an inlet of an enrichment bin, and an outlet of the enrichment bin is communicated with the recovery cavity.

8. The high temperature flue gas based photovoltaic panel pyrolysis recovery unit of claim 7, wherein a venturi injector is provided in the recovery chamber.

9. The high-temperature flue gas-based photovoltaic panel pyrolysis recovery device according to claim 8, wherein an air inlet of the venturi ejector is connected with a carrier gas fan, an air outlet of the venturi ejector is communicated with the pyrolysis gas outlet, and a feed inlet of the venturi ejector is communicated with an outlet of the enrichment bin.

10. The high temperature flue gas-based photovoltaic panel pyrolysis recovery unit according to claim 1, wherein the body is embedded in a high temperature flue having a temperature of 300 ℃ or higher.

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