CN218932055U - Biochar preparation facilities - Google Patents
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- CN218932055U CN218932055U CN202223085382.1U CN202223085382U CN218932055U CN 218932055 U CN218932055 U CN 218932055U CN 202223085382 U CN202223085382 U CN 202223085382U CN 218932055 U CN218932055 U CN 218932055U
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- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
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Abstract
The utility model relates to the technical field of biomass raw material pyrolysis carbonization equipment, and particularly provides a biochar preparation device, which comprises: a carbonization section for carbonizing biomass; a combustion part connected with the carbonization part; and heat conduction and gas transmission can be performed between the carbonization part and the combustion part. The utility model effectively solves the problem that the tail gas cannot be collected and treated by the tube furnace in the prior art, and achieves the purposes of recycling and reutilizing the combustible tail gas.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to the technical field of biomass raw material pyrolysis carbonization equipment, in particular to a biochar preparation device.
Background
Biochar has a porous structure and a certain specific surface area, is rich in abundant mineral components and surface functional groups (such as hydroxyl groups, carboxyl groups, phenolic groups and the like), and has been widely applied to the fields of environmental remediation agents, soil improvement agents, carbon sealing agents and the like.
The existing pyrolysis carbonization equipment is mainly small-sized pyrolysis carbonization equipment for laboratories represented by a tube furnace, but the carbonization treatment is carried out by using the tube furnace, and the tail gas (comprising CO and CH) generated by the tube furnace 4 、NH 3 、C 2 H 4 Etc.) can cause environmental pollution and harm to the health of operators.
Disclosure of Invention
The utility model provides a biochar preparation device which is used for solving the problem that tail gas cannot be collected and treated by a tube furnace in the prior art, and achieving the purposes of recycling and reutilizing combustible tail gas.
The utility model provides a biochar preparation device, comprising: a carbonization section for carbonizing biomass; a combustion part connected with the carbonization part; and heat conduction and gas transmission can be performed between the carbonization part and the combustion part.
According to the biochar preparing apparatus provided by the present utility model, the carbonizing section includes: an oxygen discharge part for discharging oxygen in the reaction part; the reaction part is connected with the oxygen discharge part and is used for providing a carbonization reaction space for biomass; and the heating part is connected with the reaction part and is used for heating the reaction part.
According to the biochar preparing apparatus provided by the present utility model, the reaction part includes: a carbonization tank; the oxygen discharging part comprises; the air inlet end is arranged at one end of the carbonization tank and communicated with the inner cavity of the carbonization tank, and is used for being connected with an external inert gas source and conveying preset gas into the carbonization tank, and a first valve switch is arranged on the air inlet end and used for switching on and off the transmission of the preset gas; the air outlet end is arranged at the other end of the carbonization tank and used for discharging oxygen in the carbonization tank, and a second valve switch is arranged on the air outlet end and used for switching on and off the oxygen discharge in the carbonization tank; the heating section includes: the electric heater is arranged on the carbonization tank and is used for heating the carbonization tank.
According to the biochar preparation device provided by the utility model, the carbonization tank is internally provided with the transmission mechanism for pushing the biomass raw material to move from one end of the carbonization tank to the other end of the carbonization tank.
According to the biochar preparing device provided by the utility model, the transmission mechanism comprises: the rotating shaft penetrates through the carbonization tank and is rotationally connected with the carbonization tank; the spiral blade is spirally fixed on the rotating shaft and is arranged in the inner cavity of the carbonization tank.
The biochar preparation device provided by the utility model further comprises a cooling part, wherein the cooling part comprises: the cooling liquid circulating pipe is spirally arranged on the outer wall of the carbonization tank and is connected with an external cooling liquid circulating system, and the cooling liquid circulating pipe is high-temperature resistant.
According to the biochar production apparatus provided by the present utility model, the combustion section includes: the combustion tank is sleeved on the carbonization tank and forms a combustion space with the outer wall of the carbonization tank; the exhaust pipe is arranged on the combustion tank, is communicated with the combustion tank and is used for discharging gas generated after combustion, and a third valve switch is arranged on the exhaust pipe and is used for switching on and off the discharge of the gas generated after combustion; the recycling pipe is provided with a fourth valve switch for switching on and off the transmission of the combustible gas; the igniter is arranged in the combustion space and used for igniting the combustible gas; and the oxygen supply device is communicated with the combustion space and is used for supplying oxygen to the combustion of the combustible gas.
The biochar preparation device provided by the utility model further comprises a control module; the first valve switch, the second valve switch, the third valve switch and the fourth valve switch are all electromagnetic valves, and the first valve switch, the second valve switch, the third valve switch and the fourth valve switch are respectively and electrically connected with the control module, and the control module is used for controlling the opening and closing of each electromagnetic valve.
The biochar preparation device provided by the utility model further comprises a temperature sensor, wherein the temperature sensor is arranged in the inner cavity of the carbonization tank and is electrically connected with the control module; the control module is also electrically connected with the igniter and used for controlling the igniter to strike fire; the control module is also electrically connected with the oxygen supply device and used for controlling the oxygen supply device to supply oxygen.
According to the biochar preparation device provided by the utility model, the carbonization tank is provided with the feed inlet and the discharge outlet, the feed inlet is arranged at one end of the upper part of the carbonization tank, the discharge outlet is arranged at the other end of the lower part of the carbonization tank, the feed inlet is provided with the sixth valve switch, the discharge outlet is provided with the fifth valve switch for discharging biochar, and the fifth valve switch is an electromagnetic valve and is electrically connected with the control module.
According to the biochar preparation device provided by the utility model, the traditional tubular furnace with only the carbonization part is improved to the biochar preparation device which is provided with the carbonization part and the combustion part and is mutually communicated with the carbonization part and the combustion part, so that the problem that tail gas cannot be collected and treated by the tubular furnace is effectively solved, the purposes of recycling the combustible tail gas and reusing heat generated by combustion of the combustible gas are achieved, and meanwhile, the environment is not polluted, and the environment-friendly concept is met.
Additional aspects and advantages of the utility model will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the utility model.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the utility model or the technical solutions of the prior art, the following description will briefly explain the embodiments or the drawings needed in the description of the prior art, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the utility model and that other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a three-dimensional structure of a biochar preparation device provided by the utility model;
FIG. 2 is a schematic perspective view of a main body part of the biochar preparing apparatus according to the present utility model;
FIG. 3 is a partial cross-sectional view of a main body of the biochar production apparatus provided by the present utility model.
Reference numerals:
1-a carbonization tank; 2-a combustion tank; 3-a recovery pipe; 301-fourth solenoid valve; 4-exhaust pipe; 401-a third solenoid valve; 5-rotating shaft; 501-helical blades; 502-a driving wheel; 6-a control module; 7-a blower; 8-a feed inlet; 9-a motor; 10-supporting frames; 11-a coolant circulation pipe; 1101-liquid inlet; 1102-a liquid outlet; 12-a discharge hole; 1201-fifth solenoid valve; 13-an air inlet end; 1301-a first solenoid valve; 14-an air outlet end; 1401-a second solenoid valve; 15-heating wires; 16-sixth valve switch.
Detailed Description
For the purpose of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present utility model more apparent, the technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present utility model, not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the utility model without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the utility model.
In the description of the embodiments of the present utility model, it should be noted that the terms "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," and the like indicate or are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, merely for convenience in describing the embodiments of the present utility model and to simplify the description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, be configured and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the embodiments of the present utility model. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and the like are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
In describing embodiments of the present utility model, it should be noted that, unless explicitly stated and limited otherwise, the terms "coupled," "coupled," and "connected" should be construed broadly, and may be either a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral connection, for example; can be mechanically or electrically connected; can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium. The specific meaning of the above terms in embodiments of the present utility model will be understood in detail by those of ordinary skill in the art.
In embodiments of the utility model, unless expressly specified and limited otherwise, a first feature "up" or "down" on a second feature may be that the first and second features are in direct contact, or that the first and second features are in indirect contact via an intervening medium. Moreover, a first feature being "above," "over" and "on" a second feature may be a first feature being directly above or obliquely above the second feature, or simply indicating that the first feature is level higher than the second feature. The first feature being "under", "below" and "beneath" the second feature may be the first feature being directly under or obliquely below the second feature, or simply indicating that the first feature is less level than the second feature.
In the description of the present specification, a description referring to terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "examples," "specific examples," or "some examples," etc., means that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the embodiments of the present utility model. In this specification, schematic representations of the above terms are not necessarily directed to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. Furthermore, the different embodiments or examples described in this specification and the features of the different embodiments or examples may be combined and combined by those skilled in the art without contradiction.
The technical solution of the present utility model is described below with reference to the embodiments shown in fig. 1 and 2:
the embodiment of the utility model provides a biochar preparation device, which comprises: the device comprises a carbonization part and a combustion part, wherein the carbonization part is used for carbonizing biomass; the burning part is connected with the carbonization part, and heat conduction and gas transmission can be carried out between the carbonization part and the burning part.
In the specific application, the carbonization part can be a box body or a tank body, which mainly provides an oxygen-free or oxygen-limited closed space for biomass, and in the embodiment, the carbonization part is preferably a tank body, so that the carbonization part has the advantages of large capacity and good tightness compared with the traditional tube furnace; as shown in fig. 1, the carbonization tank can be arranged on a support frame 10, and the inside of the carbonization tank 1 is inflated by an external inert gas source, and the exhaust end of the carbonization tank 1 is exhausted, so that the inner cavity of the carbonization tank is always in an anaerobic or oxygen-limited environment; a heating device is arranged outside the carbonization tank, for example, an electric heating wire or a graphene electric heating plate is used for heating the outer wall of the carbonization tank, so that the inside of the carbonization tank 1 can reach the carbonization temperature condition;
the combustion part can be a box body or a tank body, and needs to have a certain gas collecting space for collecting the combustible gas generated in the carbonization tank and meeting oxygen supply and exhaust conditions of combustion, so in the embodiment, the combustion part is preferably a combustion tank 2 which is sleeved on the carbonization tank and is coaxially arranged with the carbonization tank, so that the distance from the inner cavity wall of the combustion tank to the outer wall of the carbonization tank is equal, and the heating uniformity of the carbonization tank by the combustion tank is further realized; an exhaust pipe 4 is arranged at the upper end of the combustion tank and is used for discharging carbon dioxide and water vapor after the combustion of the combustible gas; of course, the combustion part can also be a box body with an arc groove on the upper end surface, the radius of the arc groove is the same as the radius of the outer wall of the carbonization tank, and the carbonization tank can be directly placed in the groove at the moment, so that the upper carbonization tank can be burnt and heated from the lower combustion tank.
A recovery pipe 3 is arranged between the carbonization tank and the combustion tank, and can guide the combustible gas generated by carbonizing biomass in the carbonization tank into the combustion tank to play a role in recovery.
According to the biochar preparation device provided by the embodiment of the utility model, the traditional tubular furnace with only the carbonization part is improved to the biochar preparation device which is provided with the carbonization part and the combustion part and is mutually communicated with the carbonization part and the combustion part, so that the problem that tail gas cannot be collected and treated by the tubular furnace is effectively solved, the purposes of recycling the combustible tail gas and reusing heat generated by combustion of the combustible gas are achieved, the atmosphere is not polluted, and the environment-friendly concept is met.
According to the biochar preparing apparatus provided by the embodiment of the present utility model, as shown in fig. 1, 2 and 3, based on the above technical solution, the carbonization portion includes: an oxygen discharge part for discharging oxygen in the reaction part; the reaction part is connected with the oxygen discharge part and is used for providing a carbonization reaction space for biomass; and the heating part is connected with the reaction part and is used for heating the reaction part.
Wherein, the reaction portion includes: a carbonization tank; the oxygen discharge portion includes: the air inlet end is arranged at one end of the carbonization tank and is communicated with the inner cavity of the carbonization tank, and is used for being connected with an external inert gas source and conveying preset gas into the carbonization tank; the air outlet end is arranged at the other end of the carbonization tank and used for discharging oxygen in the carbonization tank, and a second valve switch is arranged on the air outlet end and used for switching on and off the oxygen discharge in the carbonization tank; the heating part includes: the electric heater is arranged on the carbonization tank and is used for heating the carbonization tank.
Be provided with feed inlet and discharge gate on the carbomorphism jar, the feed inlet sets up in the one end of carbomorphism jar upper portion, and the discharge gate sets up in the other end of carbomorphism jar lower part, and is provided with the fifth valve switch on the discharge gate for discharge the biochar.
In the specific application, the reaction part can be preferably a carbonization tank, has the advantages of good installation, easy processing, good firmness and the like compared with the box body, and mainly provides an oxygen-free or oxygen-limited closed space for biomass, and can carry out carbonization reaction; the carbonization tank 1 is transversely arranged on a support frame 10 as a whole;
the oxygen discharging part can be preferably an air inlet end 13 and an air outlet end 14, as shown in fig. 3, the air inlet end 13 and the air outlet end 14 are respectively arranged at two ends of the carbonization tank 1 which is transversely arranged and are communicated with the inner cavity of the carbonization tank; the air inlet end 13 and the air outlet end 14 are respectively provided with a first valve switch and a second valve switch so as to control the input of preset gas and the output of mixed gas such as oxygen, and the valve switches can be mechanical manual air valves or electromagnetic air valves; the air inlet end 13 is communicated with a preset air source bottle, such as inert gas: argon (Ar) or nitrogen (N) 2 ) Gases that modify biomass, such as: carbon dioxide (CO) 2 ) When the carbonization tank needs to discharge oxygen, a first valve switch is opened, argon or nitrogen is filled into the carbonization tank to discharge oxygen, the discharged oxygen is discharged through an air outlet end 14, and after the target oxygen amount is discharged, the first valve switch and a second valve switch can be closed to ensure that the inner cavity of the carbonization tank is in a relatively closed space;
the heating part is preferably an electric heater, is cleaner by utilizing an electric heating mode and is easy to realize; the electric heater can be an electric heating wire or a graphene electric heating plate, and can be flexibly wound on the outer wall of the carbonization tank, so that the direct heating of the carbonization tank is realized, and the internal temperature is ensured to reach the condition temperature capable of being carbonized.
The carbonization tank is also provided with a feed inlet 8 and a discharge outlet 12, the feed inlet 8 is arranged at one end of the upper part of the carbonization tank, the discharge outlet is arranged at the other end of the lower part of the carbonization tank, the feed inlet 8 is provided with a sixth valve switch 16, and the switch valve is preferably a manual mechanical switch valve and is used for sealing the carbonization tank 1.
A fifth valve switch is arranged on the discharge hole 12 and is used for discharging the biochar. The fifth valve switch can be a mechanical manual valve or an electromagnetic valve, and can be opened according to the requirement after biomass is carbonized for taking out biochar.
According to the biochar preparing apparatus provided by the embodiment of the present utility model, as shown in fig. 1, 2 and 3, the combustion part includes: the combustion tank 2 is sleeved on the carbonization tank and forms a combustion space with the outer wall of the carbonization tank; the exhaust pipe 4 is arranged on the combustion tank, is communicated with the combustion tank and is used for discharging gas generated after combustion, and a third valve switch is arranged on the exhaust pipe and is used for switching on and off the discharge of the gas generated after combustion; the recycling pipe 3, one end of which is communicated with the inner cavity of the carbonization tank, and the other end of which is communicated with the combustion space and is used for recycling the combustible gas after biomass carbonization, and a fourth valve switch is arranged on the recycling pipe and is used for switching on and off the transmission of the combustible gas; the igniter is arranged in the combustion space and used for igniting the combustible gas; and the oxygen supply device is communicated with the combustion space and is used for supplying oxygen to the combustion of the combustible gas.
In a specific application, the combustion part can be a box or a tank body, a certain gas collecting space is needed for collecting the combustible gas generated in the carbonization tank, and oxygen supply and exhaust conditions of combustion are met, so in the embodiment, the combustion part is preferably a combustion tank 2, the combustion tank is sleeved on the carbonization tank and forms a combustion space with the outer wall of the carbonization tank, the contact part of the carbonization tank 1 and the combustion tank 2 is fixed and sealed in a welding mode, and the combustion tank and the carbonization tank are coaxially arranged, so that the distance from the inner cavity wall of the combustion tank to the outer wall of the carbonization tank is equal, and the uniformity of heating of the carbonization tank by the combustion tank is realized; an exhaust pipe 4 is arranged at the upper end of the combustion tank and is used for discharging carbon dioxide and water vapor after the combustion of the combustible gas; a third valve switch is arranged on the exhaust pipe 4, and can be a mechanical valve switch or an electromagnetic valve, and is opened when combustion is needed and used for discharging carbon dioxide and water vapor after combustion of combustible gas;
the recycling pipe 3 is preferably a bent steel pipe in the embodiment, one end of the recycling pipe is communicated with the inner cavity of the carbonization tank, the other end of the recycling pipe is communicated with the combustion space of the combustion tank, the recycling pipe is used for recycling combustible gas (comprising CO, CH4, NH3, C2H4 and the like) after biomass carbonization, a fourth valve switch is arranged on the recycling pipe, the fourth valve switch can also be a mechanical valve switch or an electromagnetic valve and is used for switching on and off the transmission of the combustible gas, the recycling pipe is closed when biomass is in a carbonization reaction stage, the recycling pipe is opened after carbonization is carried out for a certain time, and the air pressure in the carbonization tank is high at the moment and can be directly transmitted into the combustion tank through the recycling pipe. When the igniter is ignited, the third valve switch is turned on, the fourth valve switch is turned off, and the oxygen supply device supplies oxygen to the interior of the combustion tank, and in this embodiment, the oxygen supply device is preferably a low-power blower 7, which can supply oxygen for combustion.
Of course, the combustion part can also be a box body with an arc groove on the upper end surface, the radius of the arc groove is the same as the radius of the outer wall of the carbonization tank, and the carbonization tank can be directly placed in the groove at the moment, so that the upper carbonization tank can be burnt and heated from the lower combustion tank. A heat-insulating layer, which is preferably a ceramic heat-insulating material, is also arranged on the outer surfaces of the carbonization tank 1 and the combustion tank 2. Can keep the temperature inside the carbonization tank and the combustion tank.
According to the biochar preparation device provided by the embodiment of the utility model, as shown in fig. 1, 2 and 3, based on the technical scheme, a transmission mechanism is further arranged in the carbonization tank 1 and is used for pushing biomass raw materials to move from one end of the carbonization tank to the other end of the carbonization tank. The transmission mechanism includes: the rotating shaft 5 penetrates through the carbonization tank and is rotationally connected with the carbonization tank; the spiral blade 501 is spirally fixed on the rotating shaft and is arranged in the inner cavity of the carbonization tank.
In a specific application, the rotating shaft 5 and the spiral blade 501 are fixedly connected together in a welding mode, the rotating shaft 5 transversely penetrates through the carbonization tank 1 and is rotationally connected with two ends of the carbonization tank through high-temperature-resistant bearings, and the rotating shaft extending sections outside are respectively connected with the bearings arranged on the support frame 10 in a mounting way, so that the rotation of the rotating shaft can be realized, the rotation of the spiral blade is driven, and the biomass in the carbonization tank is slowly pushed from the feed inlet to the discharge outlet; the combustion tank 2 and the carbonization tank 1 are fixed on the support frame 10 through bolts; of course, the rotation power of the rotating shaft comes from a motor 9 arranged at the bottom of the supporting frame, the motor 9 is connected with a driving wheel 502 coaxially arranged with the rotating shaft through a belt, the diameter of the driving wheel 502 can be relatively larger, the slow rotation of the spiral blade 501 is taken into consideration, and the excessive rotation speed can lead to the crushing of biochar.
According to the biochar preparation device provided by the embodiment of the utility model, through the arrangement of the transmission mechanism, biomass can be uniformly distributed into the inner cavity of the carbonization tank from the feed inlet by the transmission mechanism before carbonization, and the biochar can be continuously discharged to the discharge port after carbonization of the biomass, so that the convenience for taking materials by operators is realized.
According to the biochar preparing device provided by the embodiment of the utility model, as shown in fig. 3, the biochar preparing device further comprises a cooling part, wherein the cooling part comprises: and a cooling liquid circulation pipe 11 which is spirally arranged on the outer wall of the carbonization tank and is connected with an external cooling liquid circulation system, and the cooling liquid circulation pipe is high-temperature resistant.
In a specific application, the cooling liquid circulation pipe 11 and the carbonization tank 1 can be made into an integrated structure, and a metal hollow pipe with a wound outer wall can be obtained by casting technology, but the liquid inlet 1101 and the liquid outlet 1102 of the cooling liquid circulation pipe 11 are both positioned outside the combustion tank 2, so that the cooling liquid circulation pipe is convenient to connect with an external cooling liquid circulation system.
The heating wire 15 can be wound at the gap of the cooling liquid circulating pipe 11, and then forms an alternate spiral heating wire with the cooling liquid circulating pipe 11, so that the design can well utilize the residual space on the outer wall of the carbonization tank, and the effect of uniformly heating the whole carbonization tank can be achieved.
According to the biochar preparation device provided by the embodiment of the utility model, through the arrangement of the cooling liquid circulating pipe, the carbonization tank can be quickly cooled after carbonization is finished, so that continuous input of preset gas is avoided, and because inert atmosphere is required to be continuously introduced in order to avoid combustion of carbonized products at high temperature in the prior art, most of traditional cooling modes are natural cooling modes, the inert atmosphere is required to be continuously input in the natural cooling process, so that inert atmosphere resources are wasted.
The biochar preparation device provided by the embodiment of the utility model, as shown in fig. 3, further comprises a control module 6; the first valve switch, the second valve switch, the third valve switch, the fourth valve switch and the fifth valve switch are all electromagnetic valves, namely a first electromagnetic valve 1301, a second electromagnetic valve 1401, a third electromagnetic valve 401, a fourth electromagnetic valve 301 and a fifth electromagnetic valve 1201, which are respectively electrically connected with a control module, wherein the control module is used for controlling the opening and closing of each electromagnetic valve, the time can be set on a singlechip in the control module, and on-off signals are sent to controllers of each electromagnetic valve at corresponding time nodes, so that the opening and closing control of each electromagnetic valve is achieved.
The biochar preparation device provided by the embodiment of the utility model further comprises a temperature sensor, wherein the temperature sensor is arranged in the inner cavity of the carbonization tank 1 and is electrically connected with the control module 6; the control module is also electrically connected with the igniter and used for controlling the igniter to strike fire; the control module is also electrically connected with the oxygen supply device and used for controlling the oxygen supply device to supply oxygen. When the temperature sensor detects that the temperature inside the carbonization chamber is within a preset temperature range and higher than the highest temperature of the preset range, the control module 6 controls the heating wire to stop heating, and when the temperature is lower than the lowest temperature of the preset range, the control module controls the heating wire to heat.
The following describes the use method and the working state of the equipment of the utility model:
illustratively, a proper amount of animal bone material is put into the carbonization tank 1 through the feed inlet 8, and the sixth valve switch 16 is manually closed;
after the proper gas flow is set at the inert atmosphere gas supply system, the control module 6 controls the first electromagnetic valve 1301 and the second electromagnetic valve 1401 to be opened, inert atmosphere enters the carbonization tank 1 through the gas inlet end 13, original air in the carbonization tank is discharged through the gas outlet end 14, and after the gas discharge is finished, the control module 6 controls the first electromagnetic valve 1301 and the second electromagnetic valve 1401 to be closed, so that an anaerobic or oxygen-limited environment is provided for the first electromagnetic valve 1301 and the second electromagnetic valve 1401.
Setting a carbonization temperature interval (300-900 ℃), a heat preservation time (1 h) and a heating rate (10 ℃/min) at the control module 6, and monitoring the internal temperature of the carbonization tank 1 in real time by utilizing a temperature sensor; of course, these indices can be flexibly adjusted according to experimental requirements, and are not fixed.
After the equipment switch is turned on, the motor 9 rotates the rotating shaft 5 through a transmission belt, so that the spiral blade 501 is driven to rotate, and animal bones are uniformly distributed in the carbonization tank 1 under the action of the spiral blade 501; but can preset the rotation time in advance to be 5 seconds at this moment, because the pushing time of evenly distributed biomass raw materials is not suitable to be set too long, and the whole biomass raw materials are prevented from being accumulated to the discharge hole.
Then, the equipment is heated according to a preset heating rate until reaching a carbonization temperature interval, wherein the temperature interval can be preset to 300-900 ℃, and a certain time dynamic change is kept in the temperature interval, so that animal bones are fully and uniformly pyrolyzed and carbonized;
in the pyrolysis heating process, after animal bones reach a certain temperature (> 300 ℃), a large amount of combustible gas contained in the tail gas is continuously generated, when the heat preservation time reaches 20min, the control module 6 controls the third electromagnetic valve 401 and the fourth electromagnetic valve 301 to be opened, at the moment, the combustible gas in the carbonization tank 1 enters the combustion tank 2 through the recovery pipe 3, after the fourth electromagnetic valve 301 is opened for 1min, the control module 6 simultaneously controls the blower 7 to blow and controls the igniter to fire, so that the combustible gas is fully combusted in the combustion tank 2 and generates heat; further, the heat energy is continuously transferred to the carbonization tank in a heat conduction mode; when the temperature reaches the upper limit 900 ℃ of the preset temperature interval, the control module 6 controls the electric heating wire 15 to be powered off so as to ensure that the carbonization temperature is constant, the consumption of energy can be saved, when the combustion tank is used for combustion, the internal combustion is in a natural cooling state, and when the temperature is lower than 350 ℃, the control module 6 controls the electric heating wire 15 to be powered on again; when the incubation time reaches 40min and 60min, the control action is repeated for 20 min.
Most of the tail gas is converted into nontoxic carbon dioxide and water vapor after being fully combusted, and the nontoxic carbon dioxide and water vapor are discharged through the exhaust pipe 4, so that the environmental pollution is greatly reduced, and meanwhile, the health of operators is ensured; after carbonization, a cooling liquid circulation system is started, and cooling liquid continuously passes through a cooling liquid circulation pipe 11 to quickly cool the carbonization tank 1 and the combustion tank 2, so that the natural cooling time of the biochar is shortened, and the consumption of inert atmosphere energy sources is saved; after cooling to room temperature, the control module 6 controls the fifth solenoid valve 1201 to open, take out bone char and further process.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solution of the present utility model, and are not limiting; although the utility model has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical scheme described in the foregoing embodiments can be modified or some technical features thereof can be replaced by equivalents; such modifications and substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present utility model.
Claims (8)
1. A biochar production apparatus, comprising:
the carbonization part is used for carbonizing biomass and comprises an oxygen discharge part, a reaction part and a heating part, wherein the oxygen discharge part is used for discharging oxygen in the reaction part, the reaction part is connected with the oxygen discharge part and is used for providing a carbonization reaction space for biomass, and the heating part is connected with the reaction part and is used for heating the reaction part;
the combustion part is connected with the carbonization part, and heat conduction and gas transmission can be carried out between the carbonization part and the combustion part;
the reaction part comprises a carbonization tank;
the oxygen discharging part comprises an air inlet end and an air outlet end, the air inlet end is arranged at one end of the carbonization tank and is communicated with the inner cavity of the carbonization tank and is used for being connected with an external preset air source and conveying preset air into the carbonization tank, a first valve switch is arranged on the air inlet end and is used for switching on and off the transmission of the preset air, the air outlet end is arranged at the other end of the carbonization tank and is used for discharging oxygen in the carbonization tank, and a second valve switch is arranged on the air outlet end and is used for switching on and off the oxygen discharge in the carbonization tank;
the heating part comprises an electric heater which is arranged on the carbonization tank and is used for heating the carbonization tank.
2. The biochar production apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: and a transmission mechanism is further arranged in the carbonization tank and used for pushing the biomass raw material to move from one end of the carbonization tank to the other end of the carbonization tank.
3. The biochar production apparatus according to claim 2, wherein: the transmission mechanism includes:
the rotating shaft penetrates through the carbonization tank and is rotationally connected with the carbonization tank;
the spiral blade is spirally fixed on the rotating shaft and is arranged in the inner cavity of the carbonization tank.
4. The biochar production apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: further comprising a cooling portion comprising:
the cooling liquid circulating pipe is spirally arranged on the outer wall of the carbonization tank and is connected with an external cooling liquid circulating system, and the cooling liquid circulating pipe is high-temperature resistant.
5. The biochar generating apparatus according to claim 4, wherein the combustion section comprises:
the combustion tank is sleeved on the carbonization tank and forms a combustion space with the outer wall of the carbonization tank;
the exhaust pipe is arranged on the combustion tank, is communicated with the combustion tank and is used for discharging gas generated after combustion, and a third valve switch is arranged on the exhaust pipe and is used for switching on and off the discharge of the gas generated after combustion;
the recycling pipe is provided with a fourth valve switch for switching on and off the transmission of the combustible gas;
the igniter is arranged in the combustion space and used for igniting the combustible gas;
and the oxygen supply device is communicated with the combustion space and is used for supplying oxygen to the combustion of the combustible gas.
6. The biochar production apparatus of claim 5, further comprising a control module;
the first valve switch, the second valve switch, the third valve switch and the fourth valve switch are all electromagnetic valves, and the first valve switch, the second valve switch, the third valve switch and the fourth valve switch are respectively and electrically connected with the control module, and the control module is used for controlling the opening and closing of each electromagnetic valve.
7. The biochar production apparatus according to claim 6, further comprising a temperature sensor disposed in an inner cavity of the carbonization tank and electrically connected to the control module;
the control module is also electrically connected with the igniter and used for controlling the igniter to strike fire;
the control module is also electrically connected with the oxygen supply device and used for controlling the oxygen supply device to supply oxygen.
8. The biochar preparation device according to claim 7, wherein a feed inlet and a discharge outlet are arranged on the carbonization tank, the feed inlet is arranged at one end of the upper portion of the carbonization tank, the discharge outlet is arranged at the other end of the lower portion of the carbonization tank, a sixth valve switch is arranged on the feed inlet, a fifth valve switch is arranged on the discharge outlet and is used for discharging biochar, and the fifth valve switch is an electromagnetic valve and is electrically connected with the control module.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202223085382.1U CN218932055U (en) | 2022-11-21 | 2022-11-21 | Biochar preparation facilities |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202223085382.1U CN218932055U (en) | 2022-11-21 | 2022-11-21 | Biochar preparation facilities |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN218932055U true CN218932055U (en) | 2023-04-28 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202223085382.1U Active CN218932055U (en) | 2022-11-21 | 2022-11-21 | Biochar preparation facilities |
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| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN218932055U (en) |
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