CN218858130U - Lock mechanism, locking subassembly and electric vehicle - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model provides a latch mechanism, locking subassembly and electric vehicle belongs to electric vehicle technical field. The locking mechanism is used for being matched with the locking shaft so as to lock the battery pack on the electric vehicle, and comprises a locking groove and a lock tongue, wherein the locking groove extends along the vertical direction, and one end of the locking groove along the extending direction is provided with an opening; the opening is used for allowing the lock shaft to enter a locking area in the lock groove, and the lock tongue is used for locking the lock shaft in the locking area to limit the disengagement of the lock shaft. The lock mechanism can conveniently and firmly lock the battery pack on the electric vehicle through the matching with the lock shaft, and the battery pack is prevented from being accidentally separated from the electric vehicle in the driving process of the electric vehicle to cause safety problems; the locked groove extends along the vertical direction, and the locking shaft is conveniently locked in the locking region of the locked groove by entering the opening of the locked groove, and the locking groove and the locking shaft move in a straight-up and straight-down mode, so that the locking operation mode is simple, the locking efficiency and the unlocking efficiency can be improved, and the quick replacement of the battery pack is facilitated.

Description

Lock mechanism, locking subassembly and electric vehicle

Technical Field

The utility model relates to an electric vehicle technical field, in particular to latch mechanism, locking subassembly and electric vehicle.

Background

The battery pack mounting method of the existing electric vehicle is generally divided into a fixed mounting (for example, a direct charging type electric vehicle) and a replaceable mounting (for example, a quick change type electric vehicle or an electric vehicle with both direct charging and quick change types), wherein the battery pack mounted fixedly is generally fixed on the electric vehicle; the replaceable safety rotating battery pack generally adopts a movable installation mode, and the battery pack can be taken down and replaced at any time.

When the replaceable battery pack is replaced, the battery pack needs to be moved to the vehicle end through the battery replacement device, and the battery pack is mounted on the electric vehicle through the matching of the battery end locking mechanism and the vehicle end locking mechanism. Among the prior art, battery end locking mechanism and car end locking mechanism need carry out the removal of vertical direction and horizontal direction when the cooperation to with battery package locking in electric vehicle or with battery package follow electric vehicle dismantlement, the process of whole locking and unblock is comparatively complicated, leads to the dismouting inefficiency of battery package, is unfavorable for the quick replacement of battery package.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

The to-be-solved technical problem of the utility model is to provide a latch mechanism, locking subassembly and electric vehicle in order to overcome among the prior art battery package and electric vehicle's locking and at least one of the defect that the unblock operation is complicated, battery package dismouting inefficiency.

The utility model discloses a following technical scheme solves above-mentioned technical problem:

a lock mechanism is used for being matched with a lock shaft to lock a battery pack on an electric vehicle and comprises a lock groove and a lock tongue, wherein the lock groove extends along the vertical direction, and one end of the lock groove along the extending direction is provided with an opening; the opening is used for allowing the lock shaft to enter a locking area in the lock groove, and the lock tongue is used for locking the lock shaft in the locking area so as to limit the separation of the lock shaft.

In the scheme, the lock mechanism is matched with the lock shaft, so that the battery pack can be conveniently and firmly locked on the electric vehicle, and the battery pack is prevented from being accidentally separated from the electric vehicle in the driving process of the electric vehicle to cause safety problems; the locked groove extends along the vertical direction, and the locking shaft is conveniently locked in the locking region of the locked groove by entering the opening of the locked groove, and the locking groove and the locking shaft move in a straight-up and straight-down mode, so that the locking operation mode is simple, the locking efficiency and the unlocking efficiency can be improved, and the quick replacement of the battery pack is facilitated.

Preferably, the locking tongue can extend or retract relative to the lock groove to move between a locking position and an unlocking position, and when the locking tongue extends to the locking position, the locking tongue can shield the opening.

In the scheme, when the lock tongue extends out, the communication between the opening of the lock groove and the locking area is cut off, so that the lock shaft is locked in the locking area, and the position of the lock tongue is a locking position; when the lock tongue retracts, the opening of the lock groove and the locking area are in a communicated state again, the lock shaft can move out of the lock groove from the locking area through the opening to realize unlocking, and the position of the lock tongue is an unlocking position at the moment. In the process, the lock tongue is simple and reliable to move, and the locking and unlocking efficiency is improved.

Preferably, the lock mechanism further comprises:

the lock groove is formed in the lock base, and the lock tongue is movably connected to the lock base;

and the locking retaining piece is arranged on the lock base and is used for applying acting force for extending the lock bolt to the lock bolt.

In the scheme, the lock tongue is movably connected to the lock base, so that the lock tongue can conveniently extend and retract relative to the lock groove on the lock base; the locking keeper makes the spring bolt keep at the locking position, improves the locking stability and the fastness of battery package, avoids the battery package at electric vehicle driving in-process and the unexpected unblock of electric vehicle, causes the safety problem.

Preferably, the locking holder is a first elastic member, one end of the locking holder acts on the latch bolt, and the other end of the locking holder acts on the lock base.

In this scheme, the locking holding member adopts first elastic component, simple structure, and it is convenient to set up. The both ends of first elastic component act on spring bolt and lock base respectively for the spring bolt keeps in the locking position, improves the locking stability and the fastness of battery package.

Preferably, the lock base is provided with a lock tongue hole, and the lock tongue penetrates through the lock tongue hole.

In this scheme, the setting in spring bolt hole can lead the motion of spring bolt, makes things convenient for the spring bolt to stretch out and the withdrawal motion relatively the locked groove more accurately, promotes the precision and the reliability of locking and unblock.

Preferably, the lock base is further provided with a locking auxiliary hole, and the lock tongue hole and the locking auxiliary hole are arranged on two opposite sides of the lock groove; when the bolt stretches out to the locking position, the bolt part stretches into the auxiliary locking hole.

In this scheme, the relative both sides of locked groove are located respectively to lock tongue hole and locking auxiliary hole, and after the spring bolt was stretched out by the lock tongue hole and is sealed the locked groove and carry out the locking with the lock axle to the locked groove, the spring bolt can continue to be and stretch out the motion until stretching into the locking auxiliary hole downthehole, and is spacing to the dual of spring bolt through lock tongue hole and locking auxiliary hole for the spring bolt is more reliable to the locking of lock axle.

Preferably, the latch bolt is provided with a second inclined surface facing the lock shaft.

In this scheme, the second inclined plane is towards the lock axle, can touch the second inclined plane earlier when being convenient for the lock axle gets into the locked groove by the opening to produce the effort along the spring bolt withdrawal direction to the spring bolt in the position with the contact of second inclined plane, the lock axle is through exerting the effect to the second inclined plane of spring bolt promptly, extrudees the spring bolt and is the unblock motion in order to open the opening.

Preferably, the lock mechanism further comprises an unlocking rod, wherein the unlocking rod is movably connected to the lock bolt and used for driving the lock bolt to retract to the unlocking position to open the opening through unlocking motion.

In this scheme, be the unblock motion through the unblock pole and drive the spring bolt and remove in order to realize the unblock of locked groove internal lock axle, at the unblock in-process of battery package, trade the release mechanism of electrical equipment can realize the effect of indirect control spring bolt motion through acting on the unblock pole, can improve unblock efficiency, increase the convenience of unblock and trade the convenience that release mechanism arranged on the electrical equipment.

Preferably, the spring bolt is equipped with the unblock guiding groove, the unblock guiding groove is followed the moving direction of spring bolt extends, the unblock pole is worn to locate the unblock guiding groove, the unblock pole has the guide part, the guide part is used for the unblock pole goes on when the unblock motion with the unblock guiding groove is used for, drives the spring bolt withdrawal.

In this scheme, the unblock guiding groove of spring bolt is worn to locate by the unblock pole and is used with the unblock guiding groove, and when the unblock pole carried out the unblock motion, the guide part of unblock pole and the inside wall laminating of unblock guiding groove and exert the effort to it for the spring bolt is retraction motion, and then opens the opening of locked groove, carries out the unblock to the lock shaft.

Preferably, the unlocking guide groove is located at least partially outside the latch hole.

In this scheme, the part that the unblock guiding groove is located outside the spring bolt hole can make things convenient for the unblock pole to pass wherein, makes things convenient for the unblock pole to carry out the unblock motion simultaneously.

Preferably, the guide part is provided with a third inclined surface, and when the unlocking rod performs the unlocking motion, the third inclined surface and one end of the unlocking guide groove extending towards the retraction direction of the lock tongue act together.

In this scheme, when the unblock pole carries out the unblock motion, the third inclined plane of its guide part is used with the unblock guide way of spring bolt, and the position that contacts of third inclined plane and unblock guiding groove constantly changes, because the slope of third inclined plane sets up, in the unblock motion process, unblock pole accessible unblock guiding groove drives the spring bolt and carries out the retraction motion in order to open the opening.

Preferably, the lock mechanism further comprises an unlocking rod resetting piece, wherein the unlocking rod resetting piece acts on the unlocking rod and is used for driving the unlocking rod to move in the direction opposite to the unlocking motion so as to reset.

In this scheme, the unlocking lever piece that resets applys the effort opposite with unblock direction of motion to the unlocking lever for after the unlocking lever carries out the unblock motion and drives the spring bolt and accomplish the unblock operation, can drive the unlocking lever and reset, provide for the resetting of spring bolt simultaneously and dodge the space.

Preferably, the unlocking lever reset piece is a second elastic piece, one end of the unlocking lever reset piece acts on the battery pack where the locking mechanism is located or the electric vehicle, and the other end acts on the unlocking lever.

In this scheme, the locking holding member adopts the second elastic component, simple structure, and it is convenient to set up. The both ends of second elastic component act on battery package and unblock pole respectively for after unblock pole carries out the unblock motion and drives the spring bolt and accomplish the unblock operation, can drive the unblock pole and reset.

Preferably, the direction of extension or retraction of the bolt is in a horizontal direction; and/or the presence of a gas in the gas,

the direction of the unlocking movement of the unlocking lever is in a vertical direction.

In the scheme, the moving direction of the lock tongue is along the horizontal direction, so that the lock tongue can conveniently move along the horizontal direction to open the opening of the lock groove, and the locking is more reliable; the direction of unlocking lever motion is along vertical direction, conveniently trades the direct vertical direction action that acts on of release mechanism on the battery replacement device on the unlocking lever, and the unblock is efficient, the convenient unblock.

Preferably, the other end that the locked groove is relative with the opening is equipped with first bolster, and/or, the latch mechanism is in the locked groove opening one end is equipped with the second bolster.

In the scheme, the first buffer member is arranged in the lock groove, and when the lock shaft enters the locking area from the opening of the lock groove, the first buffer member is positioned between the lock shaft and the lock groove, so that hard collision between the lock shaft and the lock groove can be avoided, the service lives of the lock mechanism and the lock shaft are prolonged, and the reliability of locking is improved; the second bolster is located opening one end, can avoid the latch mechanism at the locking in-process with the lock axle, takes place rigid collision between battery package and the automobile body, has certain guard action to battery package and automobile body.

Preferably, the opening of the lock slot is gradually enlarged outward of the lock slot to form a first slope for guiding the lock shaft into the lock slot.

In this scheme, the setting on the first inclined plane of locked groove opening part makes the opening of locked groove be loudspeaker column structure, is favorable to lock axle and open-ended preliminary location, and the lock axle of being convenient for is leading-in to the locked groove.

Preferably, the latch mechanism is further provided with a fourth inclined plane, the fourth inclined plane is used for being matched with a guide groove fixedly arranged relative to the latch shaft, so that the battery pack and the electric vehicle are guided in a hanging connection along the vertical direction, and the guide direction of the fourth inclined plane is perpendicular to the guide direction of the first inclined plane in the same plane.

In this scheme, the direction of direction on fourth inclined plane and the direction of direction on first inclined plane are mutually perpendicular in same horizontal plane, are favorable to at the locking in-process of latch mechanism and lock axle, lead to and fix a position lock mechanism and lock axle, improve the accuracy nature that both aimed at, and then improve the stability of locking.

A locking assembly comprises a lock shaft and the lock mechanism.

In the scheme, the locking assembly can conveniently and firmly lock the battery pack on the electric vehicle through the matching of the lock mechanism and the lock shaft, so that the battery pack is prevented from being accidentally separated from the electric vehicle in the driving process of the electric vehicle, and the safety problem is avoided; meanwhile, the locking operation mode is simple, and the locking and unlocking efficiency can be improved.

The electric vehicle comprises a battery pack, a vehicle body and the locking assembly, wherein the locking assembly is arranged between the vehicle body and the battery pack, and the battery pack is hung and locked at the bottom of the vehicle body along the vertical direction through the locking assembly.

In the scheme, the battery pack is firmly locked on the vehicle body by the electric vehicle through the locking assembly, so that the battery pack is prevented from being accidentally separated from the electric vehicle in the driving process of the electric vehicle, and the safety problem is avoided; meanwhile, the vertical hanging and locking mode between the battery pack and the electric vehicle is more favorable for actual operation, and the locking and unlocking efficiency can be improved.

Preferably, the lock mechanism is arranged on the battery pack, the opening of the lock groove of the lock mechanism is arranged upwards, and the lock shaft is arranged on the vehicle body; or the like, or, alternatively,

the locking mechanism set up in the automobile body, the locking mechanism the locked groove the opening sets up down, the lock axle set up in the battery package.

In this scheme, above-mentioned lock mechanism and two kinds of mode homoenergetic that set up of lock axle can make the cooperation of lock axle and locked groove go on along vertical direction, and the locked axle gets into the locked groove along vertical direction promptly, makes things convenient for the locked axle to get into the locking region of locked groove by the opening of locked groove, and the straight up-and-down motion of locked groove and lock axle for the operation form of locking is simple, can improve the efficiency of locking and unblock, is favorable to the quick replacement of battery package.

Preferably, the battery pack is provided with a plurality of battery packs, and each battery pack is hung and independently locked at the bottom of the vehicle body through the locking assembly along the vertical direction.

In the scheme, the arrangement of the plurality of battery packs can provide enough electric quantity reserve for the electric vehicle, the volume and the weight of the battery packs can be designed to be smaller, the installation is convenient, and the requirement on the power exchange equipment is reduced; each battery pack is independently locked at the bottom of the electric vehicle body, so that the assembly and disassembly are not influenced mutually, and the assembly and disassembly flexibility is higher; each battery pack is hung at the bottom of the electric vehicle body along the vertical direction, and the hanging connection (straight-up and straight-down hanging connection) along the vertical direction facilitates the disassembly and assembly of the battery packs, so that the disassembly and assembly efficiency of the battery packs is improved.

Preferably, the electric vehicle is an electric truck.

In this scheme, electric truck's power consumption is big, and required electric energy is many, and required battery inclusion is amasss great or in large quantity more, adopts foretell locking subassembly can make things convenient for the installation of battery package, improves the dismouting efficiency of battery package.

The utility model discloses an actively advance the effect and lie in:

in the utility model, the locking mechanism can conveniently and firmly lock the battery pack on the electric vehicle through the matching with the locking shaft, and the battery pack is prevented from being accidentally separated from the electric vehicle in the driving process of the electric vehicle, so that the safety problem is avoided; the locked groove extends along the vertical direction, so that the locked shaft can enter the locked area of the locked groove from the opening of the locked groove, and the locked groove and the locked shaft can move vertically, so that the locked operation mode is simple, the locking efficiency and the unlocking efficiency can be improved, and the quick replacement of the battery pack is facilitated.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a lock mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic side view of a lock mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a schematic perspective view of a lock mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of an electric vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 5 is a schematic structural view illustrating a battery rack and a battery pack of an electric vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 6 is a schematic structural view of a battery pack and a lock mechanism of an electric vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of an upper lock shaft of an electric vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Description of the reference numerals:

lock mechanism 1

Lock slot 11

Bolt 12

Unlocking guide groove 121

Second inclined plane 122

Opening 13

First inclined plane 131

Lock base 14

Bolt hole 141

Locking auxiliary hole 142

Locking retainer 15

The lock release lever 16

Guide part 161

Third inclined plane 162

Position limiting part 163

Extension 164

Unlocking lever returning member 17

The first cushioning member 18

Second buffer 19

Electric vehicle 100

Battery pack 101

Vehicle body 102

Lock shaft 103

Battery rack 104

Guide member 21

Guide hole 22

Guide block 23

Fourth inclined plane 231

Guide groove 24

Detailed Description

The present invention will be more clearly and completely described below by way of examples and with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the present invention is not limited thereto.

As shown in fig. 1 to 3, the present embodiment provides a lock mechanism 1 for cooperating with a lock shaft 103 to lock a battery pack 101 to an electric vehicle 100, the lock mechanism 1 including a lock groove 11 and a lock tongue 12, the lock groove 11 extending in a vertical direction and having an opening 13 at one end in the extending direction thereof; the opening 13 is used for allowing the lock shaft 103 to enter a locking area in the lock groove 11, and the bolt 12 is used for locking the lock shaft 103 in the locking area to limit the disengagement thereof.

The lock mechanism 1 can conveniently and firmly lock the battery pack 101 on the electric vehicle 100 through the matching with the lock shaft 103, and the safety problem caused by the fact that the battery pack 101 is accidentally separated from the electric vehicle 100 in the driving process of the electric vehicle 100 is avoided; the locked groove 11 extends along the vertical direction, so that the locking shaft 103 can conveniently enter the locking area of the locked groove 11 through the opening 13 of the locked groove 11, and the locking groove 11 and the locking shaft 103 can move vertically and vertically, so that the locking operation mode is simple, the locking efficiency and the unlocking efficiency can be improved, and the quick replacement of the battery pack 101 is facilitated.

In the present embodiment, the latch 12 is extendable or retractable relative to the lock slot 11 to move between a locking position and an unlocking position, and when the latch 12 is extended to the locking position, the latch 12 can block the opening 13. When the bolt 12 extends out, the communication between the opening 13 of the lock groove 11 and the locking area is cut off, and the lock shaft 103 is locked in the locking area, and the position of the bolt 12 is a locking position; when the bolt 12 retracts, the opening 13 of the lock groove 11 and the locking area are in a communicated state again, the lock shaft 103 can move out of the lock groove 11 from the locking area through the opening 13 to realize unlocking, and the bolt 12 is at the unlocking position. In the process, the bolt 12 is moved simply and reliably, and the locking and unlocking efficiency is improved.

In this embodiment, the lock mechanism 1 further includes a lock base 14 and a lock retainer 15, the lock slot 11 is opened in the lock base 14, and the lock tongue 12 is movably connected to the lock base 14; a lock holder 15 provided on the lock base 14 for applying an acting force to the lock tongue 12 to extend the lock tongue 12 so as to move the lock tongue 12 to the lock position; the bolt 12 is movably connected to the lock base 14, so that the bolt 12 can conveniently extend and retract relative to the lock groove 11 on the lock base 14; locking keeper 15 makes lock tongue 12 keep in the locking position, improves battery pack 101's locking stability and fastness, avoids battery pack 101 to go the in-process and the unexpected unblock of electric vehicle 100 at electric vehicle 100, causes the safety problem.

In the present embodiment, the locking holder 15 is a first elastic member, one end of the locking holder 15 acts on the latch bolt 12, and the other end of the locking holder 15 acts on the lock base 14. The locking holding piece 15 adopts a first elastic piece, and is simple in structure and convenient to set. Both ends of the first elastic member respectively act on the lock tongue 12 and the lock base 14, so that the lock tongue 12 is kept at the locking position, and the locking stability and firmness of the battery pack 101 are improved.

In the present embodiment, the lock base 14 is provided with a lock bolt hole 141, and the lock bolt 12 is inserted into the lock bolt hole 141. The setting of dead bolt hole 141 can lead to the motion of spring bolt 12, makes things convenient for spring bolt 12 to stretch out and the retraction motion relatively keyway 11 more accurately, promotes the precision and the reliability of locking and unblock.

In this embodiment, the first elastic element is a spring, the spring is sleeved on the latch bolt 12 and penetrates through the latch bolt hole 141 of the lock base 14 together with the latch bolt 12, one end of the spring abuts against the latch bolt 12, the other end abuts against the lock base 14, and the latch bolt 12 is ensured to extend out by elastic potential energy of the spring. In other alternative embodiments, other types of elastic members, such as an elastic rubber sleeve, may be used as the first elastic member.

In this embodiment, the lock base 14 is further provided with a locking auxiliary hole 142, and the lock tongue hole 141 and the locking auxiliary hole 142 are disposed at two opposite sides of the lock slot 11; when the lock tongue 12 is extended to the lock position, the lock tongue 12 is partially extended into the lock auxiliary hole 142. The relative both sides of locked groove 11 are located respectively to lock tongue hole 141 and locking auxiliary hole 142, and after spring bolt 12 stretched out by lock tongue hole 141 and seals lock groove 11 with lock axle 103 to in the locked groove 11 and lock, spring bolt 12 can continue to do the motion of stretching out until stretching into in the locking auxiliary hole 142, through lock tongue hole 141 and locking auxiliary hole 142 to the dual spacing of spring bolt 12 for the locking of spring bolt 12 to lock axle 103 is more reliable. Specifically, in the present embodiment, the axes of the lock tongue 12, the lock tongue hole 141, and the lock auxiliary hole 142 coincide, facilitating the movement of the lock tongue 12 to move out and retract. In other alternative embodiments, when the lock tongue 12 is located at the lock position, the lock tongue 12 may also extend through the lock auxiliary hole 142.

In this embodiment, the lock mechanism 1 further includes an unlocking lever 16, and the unlocking lever 16 is movably connected to the lock tongue 12 and is used for driving the lock tongue 12 to retract to the unlocking position through the unlocking motion so as to open the opening 13. Doing the unblock motion through unlocking lever 16 and driving spring bolt 12 to remove in order to realize the unblock of locked loop 11 internal lock axle 103, at the unblock in-process of battery package 101, the effect of indirect control spring bolt 12 motion can be realized through acting on unlocking lever 16 to the delatching mechanism 1 that trades the electrical equipment, can improve unblock efficiency, increases the convenience of unblock and trades the convenience that unlocking mechanism 1 arranged on the electrical equipment.

In this embodiment, the lock tongue 12 is provided with an unlocking guide groove 121, and the unlocking guide groove 121 extends along the moving direction of the lock tongue 12, wherein the moving direction of the lock tongue 12 is the extending and retracting direction of the lock tongue 12, the unlocking lever 16 penetrates through the unlocking guide groove 121, the unlocking lever 16 has a guide portion 161, and the guide portion 161 is used for acting with the unlocking guide groove 121 when the unlocking lever 16 performs an unlocking motion, so as to drive the lock tongue 12 to retract. When the unlocking rod 16 performs the unlocking motion, the third inclined surface 162 of the unlocking rod 16 engages with the inner side wall of the unlocking guide groove 121 and applies an acting force thereto, so that the latch bolt 12 performs the retracting motion, and then the opening 13 of the lock groove 11 is opened, and the lock shaft 103 is unlocked. Specifically, one end of the unlocking lever 16 close to the lock shaft 103 is provided with an extending portion 164, the unlocking lever 16 passes through the unlocking guide groove 121, the extending portion 164 is located outside the unlocking guide groove 121, and the extending portion 164 prevents the unlocking lever 16 from slipping off the unlocking guide groove 121 in the process of unlocking movement, so that unlocking failure is avoided.

In the present embodiment, the unlock guide groove 121 is located at least partially outside the latch hole 141. The portion of the unlocking guide groove 121 outside the latch hole 141 facilitates the passage of the unlocking lever 16 therethrough while facilitating the unlocking movement of the unlocking lever 16.

In the present embodiment, the guide portion 161 is provided with a third slope 162, and the third slope 162 interacts with one end of the unlock guide groove 121 extending in the bolt retracting direction when the unlock lever 16 performs the unlock movement. When the unlocking rod 16 performs the unlocking movement, the third inclined surface 162 of the guide portion 161 of the unlocking rod acts on the unlocking guide groove 121 of the lock tongue 12, and the contact position between the third inclined surface 162 and the unlocking guide groove 121 is changed continuously, and because the third inclined surface 162 is arranged in an inclined manner, the unlocking rod 16 can drive the lock tongue 12 to perform the retracting movement to open the opening 13 through the unlocking guide groove 121 in the unlocking movement process.

In the present embodiment, the lock mechanism 1 further includes an unlocking lever returning member 17, and the unlocking lever returning member 17 acts on the unlocking lever 16 to move the unlocking lever 16 in a direction opposite to the unlocking movement to return. The unlocking lever resetting piece 17 applies an acting force opposite to the unlocking movement direction to the unlocking lever 16, so that after the unlocking lever 16 performs unlocking movement and drives the lock tongue 12 to complete unlocking operation, the unlocking lever 16 can be driven to reset, and meanwhile, an avoiding space is provided for resetting the lock tongue 12.

In the present embodiment, the unlocking lever resetting member 17 is a second elastic member, one end of the unlocking lever resetting member 17 acts on the case of the battery pack 101 or the electric vehicle 100 where the lock mechanism 1 is located, and the other end acts on the unlocking lever 16. The locking holding piece 15 adopts a second elastic piece, and is simple in structure and convenient to set. The two ends of the second elastic member respectively act on the box body and the unlocking rod 16, so that the unlocking rod 16 can be driven to reset after the unlocking rod 16 performs unlocking movement and drives the lock tongue 12 to complete unlocking operation.

In the present embodiment, more specifically, the second elastic member selects a spring, and the spring is sleeved on the unlocking lever 16, one end of the spring acts on the unlocking lever 16, and the other end acts on the case of the battery pack 101 (for example, a stopper ring may be provided on the case of the battery pack 101, and the unlocking lever 16 passes through the stopper ring, and the end of the spring abuts on the stopper ring). Specifically, in the present embodiment, the lock release lever 16 is provided with a limit portion 163, and one end of the spring abuts against the limit portion 163.

In the present embodiment, the direction of extension or retraction of the latch 12 is in the horizontal direction; the direction of the unlocking movement of the unlocking lever 16 is in the vertical direction. The moving direction of the bolt 12 is along the horizontal direction, so that the bolt 12 can conveniently move along the horizontal direction to open the opening 13 of the lock groove 11, and the locking is more reliable; the direction of unlocking rod 16 motion is along vertical direction, conveniently trades release mechanism 1 on the electrical equipment and directly acts on unlocking rod 16 along vertical direction, and the unblock is efficient, makes things convenient for the unblock.

In this embodiment, when the lock mechanism 1 and the lock shaft 103 are operated, the lock shaft 103 is used to retract the latch bolt 12 to open the opening 13 by applying a force to the latch bolt 12 when moving toward the lock groove 11, and the latch bolt 12 continues to move into the lock groove 11. Specifically, during the process that the lock shaft 103 and the lock groove 11 move towards each other, the lock shaft 103 first contacts the lock tongue 12 and applies pressure to the lock tongue 12, so that the lock tongue 12 performs unlocking movement to open the opening 13, and the lock shaft 103 can enter the lock groove 11, wherein the extending direction is the moving direction in which the lock tongue 12 extends to close the opening 13, and the retracting direction is the moving direction in which the lock tongue 12 retracts to open the opening 13. Further, in the present embodiment, the lock tongue 12 is provided with the second inclined surface 122 facing the lock shaft 103, so that the lock shaft 103 can contact the second inclined surface 122 first when entering the lock groove 11 from the opening 13, and generates a force in the retraction direction of the lock tongue 12 on the lock tongue 12 at a position contacting the second inclined surface 122, that is, the lock shaft 103 presses the lock tongue 12 to perform an unlocking motion to open the opening 13 by applying an action to the second inclined surface 122 of the lock tongue 12. In other alternative embodiments, the bolt 12 may also be retracted by an unlocking motion of the unlocking lever 16.

In this embodiment, the other end of the lock groove 11 opposite to the opening 13 is provided with a first cushion member 18. The first buffer piece 18 is arranged in the lock groove 11, when the lock shaft 103 enters the locking area from the opening 13 of the lock groove 11, the first buffer piece 18 is located between the lock shaft 103 and the lock groove 11, hard collision between the lock shaft 103 and the lock groove 11 can be avoided, the service life of the lock mechanism 1 and the lock shaft 103 is prolonged, and the reliability of locking is improved.

In this embodiment, the lock mechanism 1 is provided with a second cushion member 19 at one end of the opening 13 of the lock groove 11. The second buffer piece 19 is located at one end of the opening 13, so that hard collision between the battery pack 101 and the vehicle body 102 in the locking process of the lock mechanism 1 and the lock shaft 103 can be avoided, and a certain protection effect on the battery pack 101 and the vehicle body 102 can be achieved. Specifically, the second cushion member 19 is provided on the side of the lock base 14 where the latch hole 141 is provided.

In this embodiment, the opening 13 of the lock slot 11 is gradually enlarged outward of the lock slot 11 to form a first inclined surface 131 for guiding the lock shaft 103 into the lock slot 11, and the first inclined surface 131 is used for guiding the lock shaft 103 into the lock slot 11. The setting of the first inclined plane 131 of the opening 13 of the lock slot 11 makes the opening 13 of the lock slot 11 be a horn-shaped structure, which is favorable for the preliminary positioning of the lock shaft 103 and the opening 13, and is convenient for the lock shaft 103 to be guided into the lock slot 11.

The present embodiment also provides a locking assembly comprising a lock shaft 103 and the lock mechanism 1 described above. The locking assembly can conveniently and firmly lock the battery pack 101 on the electric vehicle 100 through the matching of the lock mechanism 1 and the lock shaft 103, and the battery pack 101 is prevented from being accidentally separated from the electric vehicle 100 in the driving process of the electric vehicle 100 to cause safety problems; meanwhile, the locking operation mode is simple, and the locking and unlocking efficiency can be improved.

As shown in fig. 4 to fig. 7, the present embodiment further provides an electric vehicle 100, which includes a battery pack 101, a vehicle body 102, and the above-mentioned locking assembly, the locking assembly is disposed between the vehicle body 102 and the battery pack 101, and the battery pack 101 is hooked and locked to the bottom of the vehicle body 102 in the vertical direction through the locking assembly. The electric vehicle 100 firmly locks the battery pack 101 on the vehicle body 102 through the locking assembly, so that the battery pack 101 is prevented from being accidentally separated from the electric vehicle 100 in the driving process of the electric vehicle 100, and safety problems are avoided; meanwhile, the vertical hanging and locking mode between the battery pack 101 and the vehicle body 102 is more beneficial to actual operation, and the locking and unlocking efficiency can be improved.

Specifically, in this embodiment, lock mechanism 1 sets up on battery package 101, and the opening 13 of the locked groove 11 of lock mechanism 1 sets up, and lock axle 103 sets up on automobile body 102, and this kind of mode of setting makes lock mechanism 1 more be close to and trades electric equipment, and unlocking mechanism 1 that more conveniently trades on the electric equipment acts on lock mechanism 1 in order to carry out the unblock to battery package 101. In other embodiments, the lock mechanism 1 may be disposed on the electric vehicle 100, the opening 13 of the lock groove 11 of the lock mechanism 1 is disposed downward, and the lock shaft 103 is disposed on the battery pack 101, and this arrangement only requires disposing the lock mechanism 1 at the vehicle end, and it is not necessary to dispose the lock mechanism 1 on a large number of battery packs 101, so that the usage amount of the lock mechanism 1 can be reduced, the cost of the lock mechanism 1 is high, and the cost is reduced by fewer lock mechanisms 1. Above-mentioned two kinds of setting up modes of latch mechanism 1 and lock axle 103 homoenergetic are enough to make the cooperation of lock axle 1 and locked groove 11 go on along vertical direction, lock axle 103 gets into locked groove 11 along vertical direction promptly, make things convenient for lock axle 103 to get into the locking region of locked groove 11 by opening 13 of locked groove 11, the straight up-and-down motion mode of locked groove 11 and lock axle 103, make the operation form of locking simple, can improve the efficiency of locking and unblock, be favorable to battery package 101's quick replacement.

Specifically, in this embodiment, the battery pack 101 is provided with a plurality of lock mechanisms 1 on both sides in the length direction thereof, and a larger number of lock mechanisms 1 is advantageous for reinforcing the connection between the battery pack 101 and the vehicle body 102.

In the present embodiment, a plurality of battery packs 101 are provided, and each battery pack 101 is hooked in the vertical direction by a locking assembly and is independently locked to the bottom of the vehicle body 102. The arrangement of the plurality of battery packs 101 can provide sufficient electric quantity storage for the electric vehicle 100, the volume and the weight of the battery packs 101 can be designed to be smaller, the installation is convenient, and meanwhile, the requirement on power exchange equipment is reduced; each battery pack 101 is independently locked at the bottom of the vehicle body 102 of the electric vehicle 100, so that the assembly and disassembly are not affected mutually, and the assembly and disassembly flexibility is higher; each battery pack 101 is hung at the bottom of the body 102 of the electric vehicle 100 in the vertical direction, and hanging connection (straight-up and straight-down hanging connection) in the vertical direction facilitates the disassembly and assembly of the battery packs 101, so that the disassembly and assembly efficiency of the battery packs 101 is improved.

Specifically, in the present embodiment, the electric vehicle 100 further includes a battery rack 104, the battery rack 104 is connected to the bottom of the vehicle body 102, and the plurality of battery packs 101 are hung on the battery rack 104 along the width direction of the electric vehicle 100 (in other alternative embodiments, the plurality of battery packs 101 may also be hung on the battery rack 104 along the length direction of the electric vehicle). The battery rack 104 is provided with a lock shaft 103 matched with the lock groove 11 of the lock mechanism 1, so that the battery pack 101 can be conveniently disassembled and assembled.

Specifically, in this embodiment, a guide hole 22 is formed in the battery pack 101, and a guide 21 matched with the guide hole 22 is formed in the battery hanger 104, so that the battery pack 101 and the vehicle body 102 are guided in a hanging connection in the vertical direction. In addition, the battery hanger 104 is further provided with a guide groove 24, the lock shaft 103 is arranged in the guide groove 24, the lock mechanism 1 is provided with a guide block 23 matched with the guide groove 24, the guide block 23 is formed on the lock base 14, one end, facing the guide groove 24, of the guide block 23 is provided with a fourth inclined surface 231, the fourth inclined surface 231 is located on two sides, corresponding to the groove wall of the guide groove 24, of the guide block 23, and the fourth inclined surface 231 inclines towards the inner side of the guide groove 24, so that the guide block 23 can conveniently enter the guide groove 24. Specifically, the guiding direction of the fourth inclined plane 231 is perpendicular to the guiding direction of the first inclined plane 131 in the same horizontal plane, which is beneficial to guiding and positioning the lock mechanism 1 and the lock shaft 103 in the locking process of the lock mechanism 1 and the lock shaft 103, so that the alignment accuracy of the lock mechanism 1 and the lock shaft 103 is improved, and the locking stability is further improved. In other alternative embodiments, the guide block 23 may be provided separately, but this would certainly increase the structural complexity and cost.

In the present embodiment, the electric vehicle 100 is an electric truck. Electric truck's power consumption is big, and required electric energy is many, and required battery package 101 is bulky or a large quantity, adopts foretell locking subassembly can make things convenient for the installation of battery package 101, improves the dismouting efficiency of battery package 101. In other alternative embodiments, the electric vehicle 100 may also be a vehicle such as a passenger car.

Although specific embodiments of the present invention have been described above, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that this is by way of example only and that the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims. Various changes and modifications to these embodiments can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and the principles of the present invention, and these changes and modifications are all within the scope of the present invention.

Claims (22)

1. A lock mechanism is used for being matched with a lock shaft so as to lock a battery pack on an electric vehicle, and is characterized by comprising a lock groove and a lock tongue, wherein the lock groove extends in the vertical direction, and one end of the lock groove in the extending direction is provided with an opening; the opening is used for allowing the lock shaft to enter a locking area in the lock groove, and the lock tongue is used for locking the lock shaft in the locking area so as to limit the separation of the lock shaft.

2. The lock mechanism of claim 1, wherein the locking bolt is extendable and retractable relative to the locking slot to move between a locked position and an unlocked position, the locking bolt covering the opening when the locking bolt is extended to the locked position.

3. The lock mechanism of claim 2, further comprising:

the lock groove is formed in the lock base, and the lock tongue is movably connected to the lock base;

and the locking retaining piece is arranged on the lock base and is used for applying acting force for extending the lock bolt to the lock bolt.

4. The lock mechanism of claim 3, wherein the keeper is a first resilient member, one end of the keeper acting on the deadbolt and the other end of the keeper acting on the lock base.

5. The lock mechanism of claim 3, wherein the lock base is provided with a bolt hole, and the bolt is disposed through the bolt hole.

6. The lock mechanism of claim 5, wherein the lock base is further provided with a lock assist hole, the latch hole and the lock assist hole being disposed on opposite sides of the lock slot; when the bolt stretches out to the locking position, the bolt part stretches into the auxiliary locking hole.

7. The lock mechanism of claim 1, wherein the locking bolt is provided with a second ramp facing the lock shaft.

8. The lock mechanism of claim 5, further comprising an unlock lever movably connected to the locking bolt for moving the locking bolt back to the unlocked position via an unlocking motion to open the opening.

9. The lock mechanism according to claim 8, wherein the locking bolt is provided with an unlocking guide groove, the unlocking guide groove extends along a moving direction of the locking bolt, the unlocking rod penetrates through the unlocking guide groove, the unlocking rod is provided with a guide portion, and the guide portion is used for enabling the unlocking rod to act on the unlocking guide groove during unlocking movement to drive the locking bolt to retract.

10. The lock mechanism of claim 9, wherein the unlocking guide slot is located at least partially outside the latch bolt aperture.

11. The lock mechanism of claim 9, wherein the guide portion is provided with a third inclined surface that interacts with an end of the unlocking guide groove extending in the bolt retracting direction when the unlocking lever performs the unlocking movement.

12. The lock mechanism of claim 8, further comprising an unlatching lever reset member acting on the unlatching lever for moving the unlatching lever in a direction opposite to the unlatching movement to reset.

13. The lock mechanism of claim 12, wherein the unlocking lever resetting member is a second elastic member, one end of the unlocking lever resetting member acts on the battery pack or the electric vehicle where the lock mechanism is located, and the other end of the unlocking lever resetting member acts on the unlocking lever.

14. The lock mechanism of claim 8, wherein:

the extending or retracting direction of the lock tongue is along the horizontal direction; and/or the presence of a gas in the gas,

the direction of the unlocking movement of the unlocking lever is in a vertical direction.

15. The lock mechanism of claim 1, wherein a first bumper is disposed in the other end of the lock slot opposite the opening, and/or wherein the lock mechanism includes a second bumper disposed at the one end of the opening of the lock slot.

16. The lock mechanism of claim 1, wherein the opening of the lock slot is tapered outwardly of the lock slot to form a first ramp for guiding the lock shaft into the lock slot.

17. The lock mechanism of claim 16, further comprising a fourth ramp configured to cooperate with a guide slot fixedly disposed with respect to the latch shaft to guide the battery pack in a vertical hitch connection with the electric vehicle, the fourth ramp having a direction of guidance that is orthogonal to the direction of guidance of the first ramp in a horizontal plane.

18. A locking assembly comprising a lock shaft and a lock mechanism as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 17.

19. An electric vehicle, characterized in that the electric vehicle comprises a battery pack, a vehicle body and the locking assembly according to claim 18, the locking assembly is arranged between the vehicle body and the battery pack, and the battery pack is hung and locked at the bottom of the vehicle body along the vertical direction through the locking assembly.

20. The electric vehicle according to claim 19, characterized in that the lock mechanism is provided to the battery pack, the opening of the lock groove of the lock mechanism is provided upward, and the lock shaft is provided to the vehicle body; or the like, or, alternatively,

the lock mechanism set up in the automobile body, the lock mechanism the locked groove the opening sets up down, the lock axle set up in the battery package.

21. The electric vehicle as claimed in claim 19, wherein a plurality of the battery packs are provided, and each of the battery packs is hooked in a vertical direction by the locking assembly and is independently locked to the bottom of the vehicle body.

22. The electric vehicle of claim 19, characterized in that the electric vehicle is an electric truck.

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