CN213705142U

CN213705142U - Locking mechanism

Info

Publication number: CN213705142U
Application number: CN202022223883.6U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 张建平; 黄春华
Original assignee: Aulton New Energy Automotive Technology Co Ltd
Current assignee: Aulton New Energy Automotive Technology Co Ltd
Priority date: 2020-09-30
Filing date: 2020-09-30
Publication date: 2021-07-16
Anticipated expiration: 2030-09-30

Abstract

The utility model discloses a locking mechanism, including lock base, spring bolt, lock connecting rod and spacing subassembly, be equipped with the locked groove that the lock axle on the battery package got into and locked in the lock base, at least part of spring bolt inserts in the locked groove to restrict the lock axle and leave the locked groove, the one end rotation of spring bolt is located in the lock base, the other end and the lock connecting rod of spring bolt are connected, the lock connecting rod is used for driving the spring bolt to rotate between unblock state and locking state under the drive power effect of unblock, in order to open or close the opening that the lock axle passed in and out the locked groove, the lock connecting rod has the slot; the limiting assembly comprises a lock pin, and the lock pin can be switched between an extending state and a retracting state; when the lock pin is in an extending state, the lock pin is inserted into the slot to limit the movement of the lock connecting rod; when the latch is in the retracted state, the latch is disengaged from the slot. This locking mechanism carries on spacingly through the lock connecting rod under spacing subassembly to the battery package locking state, avoids the lock connecting rod because of being misunderstood the lock and lead to the lock shaft that the spring bolt can't restrict the battery package to leave the condition emergence of locked groove.

Description

Locking mechanism

Technical Field

The utility model relates to a locking mechanism.

Background

The conventional battery pack mounting methods for electric vehicles are generally classified into a fixed type and a replaceable type, wherein the fixed type battery pack is generally fixed on an automobile, and the automobile is directly used as a charging object during charging. The replaceable battery pack is generally movably mounted, and the battery pack can be taken down at any time and replaced by a new battery pack.

The replaceable battery pack involves locking and unlocking the battery pack during replacement of a new battery pack. Generally, lock shafts are installed on the left and right sides of the battery pack; the locking mechanism is fixed on the quick-change bracket to assemble a battery quick-change bracket, and the battery quick-change bracket is installed on a chassis of the electric vehicle; the locking shaft is matched with the locking device to realize the locking of the battery pack. The scheme that current locking device was disclosed like the lock in chinese patent application with publication number CN109986940A, application number CN201711482898.0, locking system is used for the battery package, and locking system includes one-level locking mechanism, and one-level locking mechanism has locking linkage portion and lock base, and lock base is equipped with the opening and the cavity that extends from the opening, and the opening is used for supplying the lock axle of battery package to get into the cavity. The locking linkage part moves relative to the locking base to open or close the opening so as to unlock or lock the battery pack. The locking system further comprises a secondary locking mechanism, and the secondary locking mechanism is arranged on a moving path of the locking linkage part and used for limiting the movement of the locking linkage part relative to the lock base so as to lock the battery pack. Although the second-stage locking mechanism is arranged on the moving path of the locking linkage part to limit the movement of the locking linkage part, the second-stage locking mechanism is arranged above the locking connecting rod and is not directly connected with the locking mechanism, and the locking safety is low.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

The to-be-solved technical problem of the utility model is to provide a locking mechanism in order to overcome among the prior art the lock connecting rod not by effective restriction and lead to the defect that locking security is low.

The utility model discloses an above-mentioned technical problem is solved through following technical scheme:

a locking mechanism is arranged at the bottom of an electric automobile and used for locking a battery pack on the electric automobile, and comprises a lock base, a lock tongue and a lock connecting rod, wherein a lock groove for a lock shaft on the battery pack to enter and lock is formed in the lock base, at least part of the lock tongue is inserted into the lock groove so as to limit the lock shaft to leave the lock groove, one end of the lock tongue is rotatably arranged in the lock base, the other end of the lock tongue is connected with the lock connecting rod, the lock connecting rod is used for driving the lock tongue to rotate between an unlocking state and a locking state under the action of unlocking driving force so as to open or close an opening through which the lock shaft enters or exits the lock groove, and an inserting groove is formed in the lock connecting rod;

the locking mechanism further comprises a limiting assembly, the limiting assembly comprises a lock pin, and the lock pin can be switched between an extending state and a retracting state;

when the lock pin is in the extending state, the lock pin is inserted into the slot so as to limit the movement of the lock connecting rod;

when the lock pin is in the retracted state, the lock pin leaves the slot.

In this scheme, carry on spacingly to the lock connecting rod under the battery package locking state through spacing subassembly, the removal of restriction lock connecting rod avoids the lock connecting rod to lead to the lock axle that the spring bolt can't restrict the battery package to leave the circumstances emergence of locked groove because of being misused to unlock to the battery package has been avoided taking place not hard up or the potential safety hazard that drops and bring. The lock connecting rod is limited through the telescopic lock pin, and the structure is simple and convenient to operate. Through set up the slot on the lock connecting rod, supply the lockpin to insert in order to restrict the motion of lock connecting rod, avoided the lock connecting rod to the state of unblock motion because of maloperation or other external acting force accidents, improved the security of locking.

Preferably, the lock link has a link body and an unlocking portion, the unlocking portion extends outward from the link body and protrudes, and the insertion groove is formed in the unlocking portion.

In the scheme, the slot is arranged on the unlocking part because the sectional area of the unlocking part of the lock connecting rod is larger, the slot is convenient to open, and the influence on the overall structural strength of the lock connecting rod is smaller.

Preferably, the lock link has a link body and an unlocking portion, the unlocking portion extends outward from the link body and protrudes, and the insertion groove is formed in the link body.

In this scheme, locate the slot on the connecting rod body, be convenient for select the spacing subassembly of suitable position installation according to the spatial position in the last battery package quick change support of electric automobile.

Preferably, the locking mechanism further comprises a sensor for detecting whether the lock pin is inserted into the slot.

In this scheme, whether detect the lockpin through the sensor and insert the slot in, be convenient for know the battery package whether be in under spring bolt and the dual protection of lockpin, strengthen the security of battery package.

Preferably, the sensor is disposed in the slot.

In this scheme, the sensor is located in the slot, and simple structure can not occupy the unnecessary space in the battery package quick change support.

Preferably, the position limiting assembly further comprises:

a power pin acting on the lock pin, the power pin being movable relative to the lock pin to engage with or disengage from the lock pin;

the electromagnetic induction element is arranged on the power pin and used for driving the power pin to apply acting force to the lock pin along the retraction direction of the lock pin under the action of external electromagnetic equipment;

an elastic member connected to an end of the lock pin, the elastic member being configured to apply a force to the lock pin in a protruding direction of the lock pin;

wherein when the electromagnetic induction element is engaged with the external electromagnetic device, the power pin is separated from the lock pin and applies a force to the lock pin in the retracting direction to place the lock pin in the retracted state;

when the electromagnetic induction element is separated from the external electromagnetic equipment, the elastic element applies acting force to the lock pin along the extending direction, and the power pin is engaged with the lock pin so as to enable the lock pin to be in the extending state.

In this scheme, spacing subassembly passes through the cooperation of electromagnetic induction component and outside electromagnetic equipment for the power round pin can be comparatively fast, reliably with lockpin joint or separation, thereby makes the lockpin can comparatively express delivery, reliably switch between the state of stretching out and withdrawal state, and then can improve efficiency and the reliability that spacing subassembly switched between the state of stretching out and withdrawal state.

Preferably, the lock connecting rod is provided with a holding groove, a first rotating shaft is arranged in the holding groove, one end of the lock tongue connected with the lock connecting rod extends into the holding groove and is sleeved on the first rotating shaft, and the lock tongue can rotate around the first rotating shaft.

In the scheme, the structure is adopted to realize the rotating connection of the lock tongue and the lock connecting rod, so that the lock connecting rod drives the lock tongue to rotate when moving, the lock connecting rod controls the lock tongue to rotate between the unlocking state and the locking state, and the opening of the locking shaft entering and exiting the lock groove is opened or closed.

Preferably, the surface of the lock base facing the lock connecting rod is recessed downward to form a communicating space, the communicating space is communicated with the lock groove, the lock tongue is installed in the communicating space through a second rotating shaft, one end, located in the lock base, of the lock tongue is sleeved on the second rotating shaft and can rotate around the second rotating shaft, and the second rotating shaft is parallel to the first rotating shaft.

In this scheme, through set up the intercommunication space in the lock base, be for the ease of installing the spring bolt on the one hand, on the other hand makes the spring bolt can normally rotate under the control of lock connecting rod.

Preferably, the bolt comprises a protruding part, and the protruding part is positioned on one side of an axis connecting line of the first rotating shaft and the second rotating shaft, which faces the lock groove; when the protruding part rotates to the limit position towards the lock groove, the lock connecting rod is abutted to the lock base; when the protruding part retracts into the communication space to the limit position, one surface of the lock tongue departing from the protruding part is abutted with the inner surface of the communication space.

In this scheme, adopt above-mentioned structure, the extreme position of the bulge of restriction spring bolt makes the spring bolt be in the locking state, and the bulge can restrict the lock axle of battery package and leave from the locked groove, and when the spring bolt was in the unblock state, the bulge did not hinder the lock axle of battery package and leaves from the locked groove.

Preferably, the number of the accommodating grooves is plural, and the plural accommodating grooves are arranged at intervals along the extending direction of the lock link.

In this scheme, adopt above-mentioned structure, can improve unblock efficiency or locking efficiency to battery package in the electric automobile through a lock connecting rod simultaneous control a plurality of spring bolts, reduce the change time of battery package, and then improve battery package change efficiency.

Preferably, the lock tongue is installed in the lock base through a second rotating shaft, and an axis of the second rotating shaft is higher than an axis of the lock shaft.

In this scheme, adopt above-mentioned structure to be convenient for the spring bolt to open or close the opening that the locking axle passed in and out the locked groove.

On the basis of the common knowledge in the field, the above preferred conditions can be combined at will to obtain the preferred embodiments of the present invention.

The utility model discloses an actively advance the effect and lie in: the utility model discloses a locking mechanism carries on spacingly through the lock connecting rod under spacing subassembly to the battery package locking state, and the removal of restriction lock connecting rod avoids the lock connecting rod because of being misused to lock the lock shaft that leads to the unable restriction battery package of spring bolt to leave the circumstances emergence of locked groove to avoided the battery package to take place not hard up or the potential safety hazard brought that drops. The lock connecting rod is limited through the telescopic lock pin, and the structure is simple and convenient to operate. Through set up the slot on the lock connecting rod, supply the lockpin to insert in order to restrict the motion of lock connecting rod, avoided the lock connecting rod to the state of unlocking motion because of maloperation or other external acting force accidents, improved the security of battery package locking.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a locking mechanism according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of another perspective of the locking mechanism in the preferred embodiment of the present invention

Fig. 3 is a schematic view of an assembly structure of the lock link, the lock base and the lock tongue according to the preferred embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of a lock link according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 5 is a schematic view of an assembly structure of the lock base and the lock tongue according to the preferred embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 6 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the position limiting assembly according to the preferred embodiment of the present invention, wherein the lock pin is in an extended state.

Fig. 7 is a cross-sectional view of a stop assembly according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, wherein the locking pin is in an extended position.

Fig. 8 is an exploded view of the position limiting assembly according to the preferred embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 9 is another cross-sectional view of the stop assembly in accordance with the preferred embodiment of the present invention, wherein the locking pin is in a retracted position.

Fig. 10 is a schematic view of the structure of the locking pin of the position limiting assembly according to the preferred embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 11 is a schematic structural view of a power pin in a spacing assembly according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 12 is a schematic structural diagram of a battery pack matched with a locking mechanism of the present invention.

Fig. 13 is a partially enlarged view of a region a of the battery pack shown in fig. 12.

Description of reference numerals:

lock connecting rod 10

Socket 100

Connecting rod body 101

Unlocking part 102

Accommodating groove 103

First link plate 110

Second link plate 120

Lock base 20

Lock slot 201

Opening 202

Communicating space 203

Bolt 30

Projection 301

Limit assembly 40

First lower case 401

Second accommodation chamber 4011

Through hole 4012

Detent 402

Actuator 4021

Connecting part 4022

First accommodation cavity 4023

First inclined part 4024

Recess 4025

Second electromagnetic induction element 4026

Power pin 403

Barrier 4031

Second inclined portion 4032

First electromagnetic induction element 404

First elastic element 405

Second elastic element 406

Second lower housing 407

Third containing cavity 4071

Upper housing 408

Fourth accommodation cavity 4081

First sensor 4082

Second sensor 4083

First rotating shaft 50

Second rotating shaft 60

Battery pack 70

Lock shaft 80

Detailed Description

The present invention is further illustrated by way of the following examples, but is not intended to be limited thereby within the scope of the following examples.

Fig. 12 to 13 are schematic structural diagrams of a battery pack for an electric vehicle with bottom battery replacement. The side of the battery pack 70 is provided with a plurality of lock shafts 80, the bottom of the electric vehicle is provided with an installation space for installing the battery pack 70, and a locking mechanism is arranged in the installation space and used for locking the lock shafts 80 of the battery pack 70. When the battery pack 70 is mounted, the battery pack 70 moves to the bottom of the electric vehicle and is located below the mounting space, the battery pack 70 rises into the mounting space, and the lock shaft 80 of the battery pack 70 is locked by the lock mechanism. When the battery pack 70 is detached, the locking mechanism releases the lock of the lock shaft 80, and the lock shaft 80 of the battery pack 70 can be disengaged from the locking mechanism, thereby allowing the battery pack 70 to be disengaged from the installation space.

The embodiment discloses a locking mechanism, which is arranged at the bottom of an electric automobile and used for locking a battery pack 70 on the electric automobile.

As will be understood by referring to fig. 1 and 2, the locking mechanism includes a lock base 20, a locking bolt 30, a lock link 10 and a limiting assembly 40, a lock groove 201 is formed in the lock base 20 for the locking shaft 80 of the battery pack 70 to enter and lock, and at least a portion of the locking bolt 30 is inserted into the lock groove 201 to limit the locking shaft 80 to leave the lock groove 201. One end of the latch tongue 30 is rotatably installed in the lock base 20, and the other end of the latch tongue 30 is connected to the lock link 10. The lock link 10 is used to rotate the latch tongue 30 between the unlock state and the lock state by an unlock driving force to open or close the opening 202 of the locking shaft 80 into and out of the lock groove 201. The lock link 10 has a slot 100 therein. The check assembly 40 includes a locking pin 402, the locking pin 402 being switchable between an extended state and a retracted state; when the latch 402 is in the extended state, the latch 402 is inserted into the slot 100 to restrict the movement of the lock link 10. When the latch 402 is in the retracted state, the latch 402 is out of the slot 100. The opening 202 is flared to facilitate the entry of the locking shaft 80 of the battery pack 70 into the locking slot 201.

This locking mechanism carries on spacingly through lock connecting rod 10 under spacing subassembly 40 to battery package 70 locking state, and the removal of restriction lock connecting rod 10 avoids lock connecting rod 10 to lead to the unable condition emergence that restricts battery package 70's lock axle 80 and leave locked groove 201 of spring bolt 30 because of being misused to the battery package 70 has been avoided taking place not hard up or the potential safety hazard that drops and bring. The locking connecting rod 10 is limited through the telescopic lock pin 402, the structure is simple, the operation is convenient, the lock pin 402 is inserted into the slot 100 formed in the locking connecting rod 10 to limit the movement of the locking connecting rod 10, the locking connecting rod 10 is prevented from moving to an unlocking state due to misoperation or other external acting force accidents, and the locking safety of the battery pack 70 is improved.

As will be understood by referring to fig. 1, 3 and 4, in the present embodiment, the lock link 10 is formed by splicing a first link plate 110 and a second link plate 120, and the two plates are fixed by spot welding. The lock link 10 has a link body 101 and an unlocking portion 102, the unlocking portion 102 projecting outwardly from the link body 101. The slot 100 of the lock link 10 is a through hole formed in the unlocking part 102. The reason why the slot 100 is provided in the unlocking portion 102 is that the slot 100 is easily opened due to the large sectional area of the unlocking portion 102 of the lock link 10, and the overall structural strength of the lock link 10 is less affected.

In other embodiments, the slot 100 may also be disposed on the connecting rod body 101, and the slot 100 is disposed on the connecting rod body 101, so as to facilitate to select a suitable position for installing the limiting assembly 40 according to a spatial position in the quick-change bracket of the battery pack 70 on the electric vehicle. Of course, the structure of the socket 100 may be other types of structures.

Referring to fig. 3 and 4, it can be understood that the upper end surface of the lock link 10 is provided with a receiving groove 103, a first rotating shaft 50 is arranged in the receiving groove 103, one end of the lock tongue 30 connected with the lock link 10 extends into the receiving groove 103 and is sleeved on the first rotating shaft 50, and the lock tongue 30 can rotate around the first rotating shaft 50. The above structure is adopted to realize the rotation connection between the bolt 30 and the lock link 10, so that the bolt 30 is driven to rotate when the lock link 10 moves, so as to realize the rotation of the bolt 30 between the unlocking state and the locking state controlled by the lock link 10, and open or close the opening 202 of the locking shaft 80 entering and exiting the lock slot 201.

In this embodiment, the number of the receiving grooves 103 is three, and the three receiving grooves 103 are disposed at intervals along the extending direction of the lock link 10. By adopting the structure, the plurality of lock tongues 30 can be simultaneously controlled by one lock connecting rod 10, the unlocking efficiency or the locking efficiency of the battery pack 70 in the electric automobile is improved, the replacement time of the battery pack 70 is shortened, and the replacement efficiency of the battery pack 70 is further improved.

In other embodiments, one or other number of receiving grooves 103 may be provided according to actual needs to control the number of the locking tongues 30, which will not be described in detail herein.

As will be understood by referring to fig. 5, the surface of the lock base 20 facing the lock link 10 is recessed downward to form a communication space 203, the communication space 203 is communicated with the lock slot 201, one end of the latch bolt 30 located in the lock base 20 is installed in the communication space 203 of the lock base 20 through the second rotating shaft 60 and can rotate around the second rotating shaft 60, and the axis of the second rotating shaft 60 is higher than the axis of the lock shaft 80, so that the latch bolt 30 can open or close the opening 202 of the lock slot 201 through which the latch shaft 80 passes. The second rotation shaft 60 is parallel to the first rotation shaft 50. By providing the communicating space 203 in the lock base 20, it is possible to facilitate the installation of the latch 30 on the one hand, and to allow the latch 30 to normally rotate under the control of the lock link 10 on the other hand.

Referring to fig. 5 again, the latch 30 includes a protrusion 301, and the protrusion 301 is located on a side of a connection line between the axes of the first and

second shafts

50 and 60 facing the lock slot 201. When the projection 301 rotates to the limit position in the lock groove 201, the lock link 10 abuts against the lock base 20. When the protrusion 301 is retracted into the communication space 203 to the limit position, a surface of the latch 30 facing away from the protrusion 301 abuts against an inner surface of the communication space 203.

With the above structure, the limit position of the protruding portion 301 of the latch bolt 30 is limited, so that when the latch bolt 30 is in the locked state, the protruding portion 301 can limit the lock shaft 80 of the battery pack 70 from leaving the lock groove 201, and when the latch bolt 30 is in the unlocked state, the protruding portion 301 does not prevent the lock shaft 80 of the battery pack 70 from leaving the lock groove 201. The outer side surface of the protruding part 301 of the locking tongue 30 is an arc-shaped surface, so that the locking shaft 80 of the battery pack 70 can conveniently enter and exit the locking groove 201.

The structure of the position-limiting assembly 40 of the present embodiment is understood with reference to fig. 6-11, wherein the position-limiting assembly 40 includes a lock pin 402, a power pin 403, a first electromagnetic induction element 404 and a first elastic element 405. Wherein the locking pin 402 is switchable between an extended state and a retracted state. A power pin 403 acts on the locking pin 402, the power pin 403 being movable relative to the locking pin 402 to engage with or disengage from the locking pin 402. The first electromagnetic induction element 404 is disposed on the power pin 403, and the first electromagnetic induction element 404 is configured to drive the power pin 403 to apply an acting force to the lock pin 402 along the retraction direction of the lock pin 402 under the action of an external electromagnetic device. A first elastic member 405 is attached to an end of the lock pin 402, and the first elastic member 405 is used to apply a force to the lock pin 402 in the protruding direction of the lock pin 402.

Wherein, when the first electromagnetic induction element 404 is engaged with the external electromagnetic device, the power pin 403 is separated from the lock pin 402 and applies a force in the retracting direction to the lock pin 402 to put the lock pin 402 in the retracted state. When the first electromagnetic induction element 404 is separated from the external electromagnetic device, the first elastic element 405 applies a force to the lock pin 402 in the extending direction, and the power pin 403 engages with the lock pin 402 to place the lock pin 402 in the extending state. In this embodiment, the first elastic element 405 is a spring.

In this embodiment, the limiting assembly 40 is matched with an external electromagnetic device through the first electromagnetic induction element 404, so that the power pin 403 can be rapidly and reliably engaged with or disengaged from the lock pin 402, and the lock pin 402 can be rapidly and reliably switched between the extended state and the retracted state, thereby improving the efficiency and reliability of switching the limiting assembly 40 between the extended state and the retracted state, and ensuring that the limiting assembly 40 can effectively and timely limit the lock link 10.

As will be appreciated with reference to fig. 6-10, the locking pin 402 has an actuator portion 4021 and a connector portion 4022. The connecting portion 4022 is connected to one end of the actuating portion 4021 along a length direction of the actuating portion 4021, and the connecting portion 4022 has a first receiving cavity 4023, and the first receiving cavity 4023 is used for receiving the power pin 403. The first elastic element 405 is connected to one end of the connecting part 4022 far from the actuating part 4021, and the first elastic element 405 applies a force to the connecting part 4022 in the extending direction. In this embodiment, when the power pin 403 is engaged with the lock pin 402, one end of the power pin 403 close to the lock pin 402 is engaged with the first receiving cavity 4023, which belongs to embedded connection and occupies a small space.

As will be appreciated with continued reference to fig. 6-9, the length of the connecting portion 4022 and the height of the power pin 403 form a first included angle equal to 90^°A first accommodating chamber4023 extends in the height direction of the power pin 403 to move the power pin 403 in the height direction of the power pin 403 with respect to the lock pin 402. It should be noted that in other alternative embodiments, the first included angle may be set to be greater than 0^°And less than 90^°Any angle therebetween.

As will be understood by referring to fig. 7-9 and 11, the power pin 403 has a head end and a tail end along the height direction thereof, the head end of the power pin 403 is embedded in the first housing cavity 4023, and the first electromagnetic induction element 404 is disposed at the tail end of the power pin 403. The first housing cavity 4023 has a first inclined portion 4024 on an inner wall surface thereof, and the head end of the power pin 403 has a second inclined portion 4032 adapted to the first inclined portion 4024. When the power pin 403 is engaged with the lock pin 402, the first inclined portion 4024 is engaged with the second inclined portion 4032; when the power pin 403 is separated from the lock pin 402, the second inclined portion 4032 moves downward relative to the first inclined portion 4024 and applies a force to the lock pin 402 in the retracting direction to place the lock pin 402 in the retracted state.

In this embodiment, by skillfully utilizing the cooperation of the first inclined portion 4024 and the second inclined portion 4032, when the power pin 403 moves in a direction away from the lock pin 402, the first inclined portion 4024 slides relative to the second inclined portion 4032, and the frictional force applied to the second inclined portion 4032 by the first inclined portion 4024 can be decomposed into a component force in the retracting direction, under which the lock pin 402 retracts.

As will be understood by referring to fig. 8 and 10, the inner wall surface of the first housing cavity 4023 further has a recess 4025, and the head end of the power pin 403 has a protrusion adapted to the recess 4025. The inner wall surface of the first accommodating cavity 4023 has two first inclined parts 4024, and the two first inclined parts 4024 are oppositely arranged at two sides of the recessed part 4025.

In this embodiment, the recess 4025 can limit the position of the power pin 403, and help ensure the power pin 403 is engaged with the lock pin 402, so as to help ensure the stable extension of the lock pin 402, and thus help ensure the reliable locking of the lock shaft 80.

As will be understood with reference to fig. 7, the first electromagnetic induction element 404 is embedded in the rear end of the power pin 403. The first electromagnetic induction element 404 does not occupy additional space outside the power pin 403, which is beneficial to improving the space utilization rate. In addition, it is also advantageous to protect the first electromagnetic induction element 404.

As will be understood by referring to fig. 6 to 9, the rear end of the power pin 403 is sleeved with a second elastic element 406, and the second elastic element 406 applies a force to the power pin 403 in a direction to approach the connection portion 4022. The force applied to the power pin 403 by the second elastic member 406 is greater than the weight force of the power pin 403. In this embodiment, when the power pin 403 is engaged with the lock pin 402, the force applied to the power pin 403 by the second elastic element 406 can prevent the power pin 403 from falling under the action of gravity, so that the reliability of the engagement of the power pin 403 with the lock pin 402 can be further improved. When the power pin 403 needs to move towards the direction close to the lock pin 402, the force applied to the power pin 403 by the second elastic element 406 can overcome the gravity of the power pin 403, so that the power pin 403 can move towards the direction close to the lock pin 402 more reliably.

As will be understood by referring to fig. 7 to 9 and fig. 11, the outer wall surface of the power pin 403 is provided with stoppers 4031 at positions corresponding to both ends of the second elastic member 406, and the second elastic member 406 is clamped between the stoppers 4031. In this embodiment, the second elastic element 406 is a spring. The second elastic element 406 is integrally fitted over the outer wall surface of the power pin 403. The main function of the blocking portion 4031 is to position the second elastic element 406 so as to limit the movement of the second elastic element 406 in the height direction of the power pin 403.

As will be appreciated with reference to fig. 6-9, the spacing assembly 40 further includes a first lower housing 401, a second lower housing 407. The first lower housing 401 has a second receiving chamber 4011 inside, the sidewall of the lower housing has a through hole 4012 communicating with the second receiving chamber 4011, the locking pin 402 is located in the second receiving chamber 4011, and the actuator 4021 is inserted into the through hole 4012 to switch between the extended state and the retracted state. The first elastic element 405 is located in the second accommodating chamber 4011, and the first elastic element 405 abuts between one end of the connecting portion 4022, which is far away from the actuating portion 4021, and an inner wall surface of the second accommodating chamber 4011. The second lower housing 407 is connected to the bottom of the first lower housing 401, the second lower housing 407 has a third receiving cavity 4071, the third receiving cavity 4071 is communicated with the second receiving cavity 4011, and the power pin 403 is located in the third receiving cavity 4071. A second included angle is formed between the central axis of the second lower housing 407 and the central axis of the first lower housing 401, and the second included angle is equal to the first included angle. And the first lower case 401 is integrally formed with the second lower case 407.

In other alternative embodiments, a part of the second elastic element 406 may be sleeved on the outer wall surface of the power pin 403, and another part of the second elastic element 406 abuts against the second lower housing 407, that is, a blocking portion is disposed on the outer wall surface of the power pin 403 at a position corresponding to one end of the second elastic element 406, and the second elastic element 406 is clamped between the blocking portion and the second lower housing 407. Specifically, one end of the second elastic member 406 abuts against the stopper portion of the head end of the power pin 403, the other end of the second elastic member 406 abuts against the bottom surface of the second lower case 407 near the tail end of the power pin 403, and at this time, the second elastic member 406 is in an elastically compressed state to apply a force to the power pin 403 in a direction close to the locked pin 402.

As will be appreciated with reference to fig. 6-9, the spacing assembly 40 further includes an upper housing 408, the upper housing 408 being press fit and removably attached to the first lower housing 401. The upper housing 408 can secure and protect the locking pin 402, the power pin 403, and the like. The upper housing 408 has a fourth receiving cavity 4081, a first sensor 4082 is disposed in the fourth receiving cavity 4081, and the actuator 4021 is provided with a second electromagnetic induction element 4026. The first sensor 4082 acts on the second electromagnetic induction element 4026 to detect that the actuator 4021 is in the extended state. A second sensor 4083 is further disposed in the fourth receiving cavity 4081, and the second sensor 4083 acts on the second electromagnetic inductive element 4026 to detect that the actuator 4021 is in the retracted state. The second sensor 4083 is closer to the power pin 403 than the first sensor 4082. When the lock pin 402 is in the extended state or the retracted state, the first sensor 4082, the second sensor 4083 and the second electromagnetic induction element 4026 can be reliably detected, which is beneficial for unlocking and locking the battery pack 70. In addition, in this embodiment, both the first electromagnetic induction element 404 and the second electromagnetic induction element 4026 are magnetic steel.

The locking mechanism also includes a sensor for detecting whether the locking pin 402 is inserted into the slot 100. Whether the lock pins 402 are inserted into the slots 100 is detected through the sensors, so that whether the battery pack 70 is under the dual protection of the lock tongues 30 and the lock pins 402 is known, and the safety of the battery pack 70 is enhanced. The sensor may be a pressure sensor, a visual sensor, or the like, without limitation. When the sensor is a pressure sensor, the sensor is arranged in the slot 100, so that the structure is simple, and the redundant space in the quick-change bracket of the battery pack 70 is not occupied. When the sensor is other types of sensors, the appropriate mounting position can be selected according to the type of the sensor and the space in the quick-change bracket.

The working principle of the locking mechanism is described below:

locking process (the bolt 30 changes from the locked state to the unlocked state and then to the locked state): referring to fig. 1, the lock pin 402 of the limiting assembly 40 is controlled to be in a retracted state, the lock shaft 80 of the battery pack 70 moves upward under the action of an external force and enters the lock groove 201 through the opening 202, the lock shaft 80 acts on the protrusion 301 of the lock tongue 30 to enable the lock tongue 30 to rotate around the counterclockwise direction, after the lock tongue 30 rotates to a certain angle, a channel for the lock shaft 80 to pass through is formed in the lock groove 201, the lock shaft 80 can move from left to right until the lock shaft 80 is no longer in contact with the protrusion 301 of the lock tongue 30, and the lock tongue 30 rotates clockwise under the action of the lock link 10 to enable the lock tongue 30 to reset to a locked state. When the latch 30 is in the locked state and the lock shaft 80 of the battery pack 70 is located in the lock groove 201, the external sensor detects that the lock shaft 80 is located in the lock groove 201, and controls the lock pin 402 of the limiting assembly 40 to extend into the slot 100 of the lock link 10 to prevent the lock link 10 from rotating.

An unlocking process: the locking pin 402 of the limiting assembly 40 is controlled to retract, the limitation of the locking pin 402 on the locking connecting rod 10 is removed, then an external unlocking device applies upward force to the unlocking part 102 of the locking connecting rod 10, so that the locking connecting rod 10 rotates around the counterclockwise direction, and after the locking connecting rod 10 rotates to a certain angle, a channel for the locking shaft 80 to pass through is formed in the locking groove 201; the lock shaft 80 can move from right to left and then downward through the opening 202, and the lock shaft 80 leaves the lock base 20, so that the battery pack 70 is unlocked.

The locking mechanism is not limited to be provided on the electric vehicle, and may be provided on a battery rack of the battery replacement station, a battery moving device, or the like. Any device that requires securing of the battery pack 70 may be adapted to the locking mechanism.

Although specific embodiments of the present invention have been described above, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that this is by way of example only and that the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims. Various changes and modifications to these embodiments may be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and the principles of the present invention, and these changes and modifications are all within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A locking mechanism is arranged at the bottom of an electric automobile and used for locking a battery pack on the electric automobile and is characterized by comprising a lock base, a lock tongue and a lock connecting rod, wherein a lock groove for a lock shaft on the battery pack to enter and lock is formed in the lock base;

when the lock pin is in the retracted state, the lock pin leaves the slot.

2. The lock mechanism of claim 1, wherein the lock link has a link body and an unlocking portion, the unlocking portion extending outward from the link body, and the slot is provided in the unlocking portion.

3. The lock mechanism of claim 1, wherein the lock link has a link body and an unlocking portion, the unlocking portion extending outward from the link body, and the slot is provided in the link body.

4. The locking mechanism of claim 1, further comprising a sensor for detecting whether the locking pin is inserted into the slot.

5. The locking mechanism of claim 4, wherein the sensor is disposed within the slot.

6. The locking mechanism of claim 1, wherein the stop assembly further comprises:

7. The lock-up mechanism of claim 1, wherein the lock link has a receiving slot, a first shaft is disposed in the receiving slot, an end of the lock tongue connected to the lock link extends into the receiving slot and is fitted around the first shaft, and the lock tongue is rotatable around the first shaft.

8. The lock mechanism as claimed in claim 7, wherein a surface of the lock base facing the lock link is recessed downward to form a communicating space, the communicating space communicates with the lock groove, the latch bolt is installed in the communicating space through a second rotating shaft, an end of the latch bolt located in the lock base is fitted over the second rotating shaft and can rotate around the second rotating shaft, and the second rotating shaft is parallel to the first rotating shaft.

9. The lock mechanism of claim 8, wherein the latch bolt includes a protrusion located on a side of a line connecting axes of the first and second shafts facing the lock groove; when the protruding part rotates to the limit position towards the lock groove, the lock connecting rod is abutted to the lock base; when the protruding part retracts into the communication space to the limit position, one surface of the lock tongue departing from the protruding part is abutted with the inner surface of the communication space.

10. The lock-out mechanism of claim 7, wherein the receiving slot is plural in number, and the plural receiving slots are provided at intervals in the extending direction of the lock link.

11. The lock-out mechanism of claim 1, wherein the locking bolt is mounted in the lock base via a second pivot shaft, the second pivot shaft having an axis that is higher than an axis of the lock shaft.