CN218851372U - Straw picking and malposition returning machine - Google Patents

Abstract

A straw picking and dislocation returning machine belongs to the technical field of agricultural machinery. The machine comprises a frame, pick up the backplate, pick up reducing mechanism, the gearbox, the auger casing, auger conveyor, fan and defeated straw hose, wherein, pick up reducing mechanism, auger conveyor, the fan sets gradually in the frame by work front end to work rear end, pick up the front end and the top that the backplate cover was arranged in and picked up reducing mechanism, pick up the roller connection gearbox of picking up reducing mechanism, auger conveyor below is provided with the auger casing, it has a plurality of through-holes to open on it, pick up the pan feeding mouth of reducing mechanism's material output end connection defeated straw hose, and defeated straw hose intercommunication fan air outlet, kibbling straw passes through auger conveyor and carries to the defeated straw hose of connecting the fan, discharge to the destination position through the discharge gate of defeated straw hose, accomplish the still field operation of dislocation of maize straw. The straw picking, straw cutting and straw staggered covering returning operation can be realized at one time.

Description

Straw picking and malposition returning machine

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of agricultural machinery, particularly relates to a straw picking and dislocation returning machine, and particularly relates to a machine which can realize strip straw smashing and dislocation returning operation on smashed straws under the condition that the straws cover the ground surface, and belongs to a straw strip smashing and dislocation returning integrated operation machine.

Background

Peanuts are the third crop in Liaoning province, have the planting area of about 30 million hectares and are the fourth crop in China. Peanuts in Liaoning areas (particularly western areas) are planted in a single cropping mode in one year, and due to the fact that the peanuts are underground fructification, crop straws are separated from the field after harvesting, the ground surface is completely exposed, organic carbon in soil is lost, and accordingly soil wind erosion of the field in an idle period is serious. The corn and peanut compound planting is an effective technical means for solving the problems of serious wind erosion, land degradation and the like of peanuts planted in one-year-old regions, and through years of research in western Liaoning areas, the compound planting mode can improve the utilization efficiency of regional resources such as light, water, nutrients and the like, and particularly adopts the following steps: 4 (2 ridges of corn: 4 ridges of peanut) and 4:4 (4 ridges of corns: 4 ridges of peanuts) can obviously improve the land equivalence ratio and reduce the regional wind erosion. In the intercropping mode, although the corn stripe soil can be protected from being seriously affected by wind erosion by the corn stubble remaining after harvesting, the peanut stripe still exposes the soil to the outside in the leisure period of autumn and winter due to the whole plant harvesting. If the peanut strips can be covered with the straws harvested from the corn strips, the high windproof and corrosion-resistant effect of an intercropping system can be realized, and the soil erosion is reduced by more than 70 percent. However, the existing machine tool can only realize the covering of whole corn stalks and field returning on the spot, and the machine tool for returning the corn stalks to the field in a staggered mode is not available. Therefore, the improvement and development of related machines are urgently needed, and the method has important significance for improving the matched technical system of the corn and peanut composite planting and realizing regional corrosion prevention and synergy.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the technical problems, the straw picking and dislocation returning machine can realize the straw picking, straw cutting and straw dislocation covering returning operation at one time.

The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:

the invention discloses a straw picking and dislocation returning machine which comprises a machine frame, a picking protective plate, a picking and smashing device, a gearbox, an auger shell, an auger conveying device, a fan and a straw conveying hose, wherein the picking and smashing device, the auger conveying device and the fan are sequentially arranged on the machine frame from the front end to the rear end, the picking protective plate is covered at the front end and above the picking and smashing device, a picking roller shaft of the picking and smashing device is connected with the gearbox, the auger shell is arranged below the auger conveying device and provided with a plurality of through holes, the material output end of the picking and smashing device is connected with the material inlet of the straw conveying hose, the straw conveying hose is communicated with the air outlet of the fan, smashed straws are conveyed to the straw conveying hose connected with the fan through the auger conveying device and are discharged to a target position through the material outlet of the straw conveying hose, and the dislocation returning operation of corn straws is completed.

Further, pick up reducing mechanism and include pick up roller, hammer claw and hammer claw fixing base, set up multirow hammer claw fixing base along picking up the even interval of roller circumference, all install the hammer claw on every hammer claw fixing base.

Furthermore, the end part of the hammer claw is provided with three claw fingers, a space is reserved between every two adjacent claw fingers, and the claw fingers and the fixed knife act together to cut off the straw.

Furthermore, the picking protection plate is provided with an arc section which is arranged above the side of the picking and smashing device, a plurality of rows of fixed knives are arranged on the arc section, the fixed knives and hammer claws of the picking and smashing device are arranged in a staggered mode along the axial direction, and the fixed knives and the hammer claws are matched with each other to smash straws.

Furthermore, the auger conveying device consists of an auger screw shaft, a left screw blade, a shifting fork and a right screw blade, wherein the left screw blade and the right screw blade are symmetrically arranged on the auger screw shaft, the shifting fork is arranged along the circumference of the auger screw shaft between the left screw blade and the right screw blade, and the shifting fork corresponds to a feeding port of the straw conveying hose.

Furthermore, the shifting forks are of round rod structures and are uniformly distributed on the circumference of the spiral shaft.

The invention has the beneficial effects that:

1. according to the straw picking and dislocation returning machine, through the matching action of the picking and smashing device, the auger conveying device, the fan and the like, smashed straws are conveyed to the straw conveying hose through the auger conveying device, and are discharged to a target position through the discharge hole of the straw conveying hose under the wind blowing action of the fan.

2. The picking and crushing device drives a picking roll shaft to rotate at a high speed through a gearbox, a hammer claw is installed on the picking roll shaft through a hammer claw fixing seat, the hammer claw rotates at a high speed to pick up straws on corn strips, claw fingers of the hammer claw can rotate between serrated fixed knives on a picking protective plate, field straws are picked and crushed under the interaction of the hammer claw and the fixed knives, the picking and crushing device rotating at the high speed can form air flow to throw the straws backwards to a packing auger conveying device, soil filtering holes are formed in the bottom of a packing auger shell and can filter redundant soil, the crushed straws are conveyed to the middle of the device through packing auger helical blades on the left side and the right side, the straws are conveyed to a straw conveying hose through a shifting fork, and then the crushed straws are discharged to peanut strips in adjacent rows through the straw conveying hose, so that the staggered field returning operation of the corn straws is completed.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic view of the picking and smashing device in fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is a schematic view of the auger conveying device in fig. 1.

Fig. 4 is a schematic view of the hammer jaw of fig. 2.

In the figure: 1: fixing a cutter; 2: picking up the guard plate; 3: pickup crushing device, 31: pickup roller shaft, 32: hammer claw fixing seat, 33: a hammer claw; 4: a gearbox; 5: a packing auger housing; 6: auger conveyor, 61: auger screw shaft, 62: left helical blade, 63: a shifting fork, 64: a right helical blade; 7: a fan; 8: straw conveying hose.

Detailed Description

The invention is described in detail below with reference to the figures and examples.

Example (b): as shown in figure 1, the invention relates to a straw picking and dislocation returning machine, which comprises a frame, a picking protective plate 2, a picking and crushing device 3, a gearbox 4, an auger shell 5, an auger conveying device 6, a fan 7 and a straw conveying hose 8, wherein the picking and crushing device 3, the auger conveying device 6 and the fan 7 are sequentially arranged on the frame from the front working end to the rear working end, the picking protective plate 2 is covered at the front end and above the picking and crushing device 3, a picking roller shaft 31 of the picking and crushing device 3 is connected with the gearbox 4, the auger shell 5 is arranged below the auger conveying device 6 and is provided with a plurality of through holes, a material output end of the picking and crushing device 3 is connected with a feeding port of the straw conveying hose 8, crushed straws are conveyed to the straw conveying hose through the auger conveying device, the straw 8 is communicated with an air outlet of the fan 7, and the crushed straws are discharged to a target position through a discharging port of the straw conveying hose 8 under the wind blowing action of the fan 7, so as to complete the dislocation returning operation of corn straws to the field.

Further, as shown in fig. 2, the picking and smashing device 3 comprises a picking roller shaft 31, hammer claws 33 and hammer claw fixing seats 32, wherein multiple rows of hammer claw fixing seats 32 are arranged along the circumference of the picking roller shaft 31 at equal intervals, and each hammer claw fixing seat 32 is provided with a hammer claw 33.

The end part of the hammer claw 33 is provided with three claw fingers, the distance is reserved between every two adjacent claw fingers, the claw fingers are of a trapezoidal structure, inverted trapezoidal gaps are formed between every two adjacent claw fingers, and the claw fingers and the fixed knife 1 act together to cut off the straws. The edge of the hammer claw does not interfere with the auger shell.

Further, as shown in fig. 1, the picking guard plate 2 has an arc section, the arc section is disposed above the side of the picking and smashing device 3, a plurality of rows of fixed knives 1 are mounted on the arc section, the fixed knives 1 and hammer claws 33 of the picking and smashing device 3 are staggered in the axial direction, and the fixed knives and the hammer claws 33 are matched to smash straws. The arrangement of the picking guard plate 2 can prevent the crushed straws from being sprayed in a scattered way, and the fixed knife 1 arranged on the picking guard plate is matched with the hammer claw 33 to crush the straws, so that the straw crushing effect is better.

Further, as shown in fig. 3, the auger conveying device 6 is composed of an auger screw shaft 61, a left screw blade 62, a shifting fork 63 and a right screw blade 64, the left and right screw blades 62 and 64 are symmetrically arranged on the auger screw shaft 61, the shifting fork 63 is arranged along the circumference of the auger screw shaft 61 between the left and right screw blades 62 and 64, the shifting fork 63 corresponds to a feeding port of the straw conveying hose 8, the left and right screw blades 62 and 64 convey the crushed straws into the auger shell 5 from two ends to the middle, and the crushed straws are then shifted out to the straw conveying hose 8 through the shifting fork 63 arranged in the middle of the auger screw shaft 61, so that the crushed straws are collected at two sides and output from the middle part, and the staggered returning operation of the straws to the field is completed.

The invention uses a tractor as power, a rear output shaft drives a pickup roller shaft 31 to rotate at high speed through a gearbox 4, a hammer claw 33 is arranged on the pickup roller shaft 31 through a hammer claw fixing seat 32, the hammer claw 33 rotates at high speed to pick up straws, claw fingers of the hammer claw 33 can rotate between serrated fixed knives 1 on a pickup protection plate 2, the straws in the field are picked up and crushed under the interaction of the hammer claw 33 and the fixed knives 1, the pickup and crushing device rotating at high speed can form airflow to throw the straws backwards to an auger conveying device 6, the bottom of the auger shell 5 is provided with a soil filtering through hole which can filter redundant foreign soil, the crushed straws are conveyed to the middle part of the device through auger helical blades 62 and 64 at the left side and the right side, the straws are conveyed to a straw conveying hose 8 through a shifting fork 63, and the straws are discharged to a target position (adjacent peanut strips) through a discharge port of the straw conveying hose 8 under the blowing action of wind power of a fan, and the staggered field returning operation of the corn straws is completed.

It should be understood that the detailed description of the present invention is only for illustrating the present invention and is not limited by the technical solutions described in the embodiments of the present invention, and those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention can be modified or substituted equally to achieve the same technical effects; as long as the use requirements are met, the method is within the protection scope of the invention.

Claims (6)

1. The utility model provides a dislocation still field machine is picked up to straw which characterized in that: the machine comprises a frame, pick up the backplate, pick up reducing mechanism, the gearbox, the auger casing, auger conveyor, fan and defeated straw hose, wherein, pick up reducing mechanism, auger conveyor, the fan sets gradually in the frame by work front end to work rear end, pick up the front end and the top of reducing mechanism in the backplate cover of picking up, pick up the roller connection gearbox of picking up reducing mechanism, auger conveyor below is provided with the auger casing, it has a plurality of through-holes to open on it, the material output end of picking up reducing mechanism connects the pan feeding mouth of defeated straw hose, and defeated straw hose intercommunication fan air outlet, kibbling straw passes through auger conveyor and carries to the defeated straw hose of connecting the fan, discharge to the destination position through the discharge gate of defeated straw hose, accomplish the operation of returning to field of dislocation of corn straw.

2. The straw pick-up and malposition returning machine as claimed in claim 1, wherein: pick up reducing mechanism and include pick up roller, hammer claw and hammer claw fixing base, set up multirow hammer claw fixing base along picking up the even interval of roller circumference, all install the hammer claw on every hammer claw fixing base.

3. The straw pick-up and malposition returning machine as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the end part of the hammer claw is provided with three claw fingers, a space is reserved between every two adjacent claw fingers, and the claw fingers and the fixed knife act together to cut off the straw.

4. The straw pick-up dislocation returning machine as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the picking protective plate is provided with an arc section, the arc section is arranged above the side of the picking and smashing device, a plurality of rows of fixed knives are arranged on the arc section, the fixed knives and hammer claws of the picking and smashing device are arranged in a staggered mode along the axial direction, and the fixed knives and the hammer claws are matched with each other to smash straws.

5. The straw pick-up and malposition returning machine as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the auger conveying device is composed of an auger screw shaft, a left screw blade, a shifting fork and a right screw blade, wherein the left screw blade and the right screw blade are symmetrically arranged on the auger screw shaft, the shifting fork is arranged along the circumference of the auger screw shaft between the left screw blade and the right screw blade, and the shifting fork corresponds to a feeding port of the straw conveying hose.

6. The straw pick-up and malposition returning machine as claimed in claim 5, wherein: the shifting forks are of a round rod structure and are uniformly distributed on the circumference of the spiral shaft.

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