CN218820401U - Waste incineration plant waste comprehensive treatment system - Google Patents

Waste incineration plant waste comprehensive treatment system Download PDF

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CN218820401U
CN218820401U CN202223000589.4U CN202223000589U CN218820401U CN 218820401 U CN218820401 U CN 218820401U CN 202223000589 U CN202223000589 U CN 202223000589U CN 218820401 U CN218820401 U CN 218820401U
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waste
bag
fly ash
steam
sintering
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刘汉桥
刘月昇
魏国侠
赵宇轩
刘玉曼
刘世琪
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Zhongxin Ruimei Tianjin Environmental Protection Technology Co ltd
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Tianjin Chengjian University
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Abstract

The utility model discloses a waste comprehensive treatment system of a refuse incineration plant, which comprises a leachate treatment tank, an incinerator, a desulfurizing tower, a bag-type dust remover, an induced draft fan, a chimney, a steam power mill, a filter bag, an evaporator, a granulator and a microwave tunnel kiln; firstly, burning fly ash is ground by a steam power mill which takes superheated steam generated by a waste burning power plant as a power source, superfine fly ash powder obtained by grinding is mixed with auxiliary materials and granulated, the mixture is sent into a tunnel kiln for microwave sintering to form ceramsite building materials, and flue gas generated by sintering is merged into a flue gas purification system of a burning furnace; the exhaust steam generated by the steam power mill is further used as a heat source for evaporating the landfill leachate, and the evaporated concentrated solution is sent to an incinerator for burning on the spot. The utility model discloses the jet mill superfine grinding that will burn the flying ash combines to reduce by a wide margin haydite sintering temperature with the microwave sintering technique, realizes the innoxious and the resourceization of flying ash, carries out the cascade utilization with power plant's steam simultaneously, has successfully solved the problem of filtration liquid intractable to practice thrift the running cost of msw incineration factory, kill many birds with one stone.

Description

Waste incineration plant waste comprehensive treatment system
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of waste treatment, and particularly relates to a waste comprehensive treatment system of a waste incineration plant.
Background
The garbage incineration treatment of China is developed rapidly in recent years, and the daily incineration treatment amount of domestic garbage of China reaches 72 ten thousand tons at the end of 2021. In 2021, 1400 domestic waste incineration plants have been built in China, the total incineration capacity reaches 105 ten thousand tons/day, and about 60 percent of domestic waste is incinerated. The emission problem of gas, solid and liquid pollutants related to the waste incineration is brought to the attention. Wherein a large amount of flue gas generated by incineration is subjected to strict purification facility treatment so as to reach the national standard emission; the solid emission mainly comprises bottom ash and fly ash, wherein the incineration fly ash is listed in national hazardous waste records of China due to the enrichment of dioxin, toxic heavy metals such as Pb, cd, cr and the like, the generation amount of fly ash in China reaches about 3 million tons/day, and the fly ash becomes a great hidden danger of urban environmental safety. In addition, the treatment of a large amount of percolate in a garbage pool is also an urgent problem which troubles garbage incineration plants.
About 90% of incineration fly ash in China is sent to a domestic garbage landfill site for landfill disposal after cement is solidified, the method aims at solidifying heavy metals, dioxin and dissolved salts in the fly ash cannot be effectively disposed, and high-content carbon components (activated carbon and unburned carbon) and chlorine salt in the incineration fly ash can block hydration of the cement. The newly established technical specification for controlling the pollution of the fly ash generated by burning the household garbage (2020) promotes a treatment method of cooperatively treating melting and sintering ceramsite by a cement kiln. The incineration fly ash co-processed by the cement kiln can be used for replacing high-quality limestone to fire cement clinker, and the fly ash is usually subjected to water washing pretreatment in order to overcome the adverse effect of chloride on cement products, so that the problems of complex process, no market selling of the evaporated chloride products and the like exist. The fly ash fusion can effectively decompose dioxin while solidifying heavy metals, but the technology needs high temperature of 1300-1400 ℃, has large energy consumption and high investment and operation cost, and is difficult to popularize and apply in China. Patent CN 114772934A discloses a micro-crystal vitrification process of ultrafine grinding and microwave sintering of garbage fly ash, which is to prepare micro-crystal glass by microwave sintering, but in practical application, the sintering temperature can not realize vitrification of fly ash, and only the fly ash can be in a molten slag state; the fly ash can realize melting vitrification only under the melting condition to prepare the glass ceramics, and the energy consumption is higher. The fly ash incineration firing ceramsite is sintered at the sintering temperature of 1100-1200 ℃ to become a compact and hard sintered body and meet the requirements of building material characteristics, and the energy consumption and the cost of the ceramsite sintering technology are obviously lower than those of fusion. And dioxin can be decomposed by more than 99 percent at the highest temperature of firing the ceramsite, and the leaching effect of heavy metals can also meet the requirement of environmental protection. However, the traditional sintered ceramsite still has high temperature, needs a large amount of fuel to maintain the kiln temperature, needs a large amount of combustion-supporting air to be introduced, generates a large amount of fuel containing volatile heavy metals to maintain the kiln temperature after sintering, needs a large amount of combustion-supporting air to be introduced, generates a large amount of flue gas containing volatile heavy metals after sintering, and needs to be equipped with a complicated tail gas purification facility.
The liquid waste of the waste incineration plant is mainly leachate, and the traditional treatment process of the leachate of the waste comprises biological treatment, chemical oxidation, activated carbon adsorption, reverse osmosis and the like. Various processes for treating landfill leachate at present have a plurality of problems or defects in technical application or economic aspect: the investment and the operation cost of the membrane treatment are high, and concentrated solution with the volume of 1/5-1/4 of the volume of the stock solution needs to be further treated; the operating costs of activated carbon adsorption and chemical oxidation are essentially unbearable; the biological treatment, investment and operation cost are low, but the treated effluent can not reach the standard under the common condition. The evaporation treatment technology successfully solves the problems, reduces the operation cost and meets the stricter emission standard; the accumulation of ammonia nitrogen concentration caused by the operation mode of a leachate recirculation or a landfill bioreactor is reduced. Therefore, the landfill leachate evaporation technology is gradually becoming an effective way to treat landfill leachate.
In the aspect of sintering, the microwave technology has the advantages of high heating speed, selective heating of substances, generation of local high temperature and the like, and the important characteristic of microwave heating is the 'hot spot effect'. Therefore, the method is used for accelerating chemical reaction, shortening reaction time, reducing energy consumption and improving the quality of produced articles. The patent CN 103601526B discloses a method for microwave firing of medical waste incineration fly ash, which can instantly and completely decompose dioxin in fly ash by means of the 'hot spot' effect of high-content active carbon in the fly ash in a microwave field, wrap and solidify most heavy metals in a sintering product grid, and rapidly sinter the fly ash into porous ceramsite.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems that the conventional fly ash sintered ceramsite is high in sintering temperature, a flue gas purification system is complex, a large amount of percolate of a waste incineration plant needs to be treated urgently and the like in the comprehensive treatment process of waste of the waste incineration plant in the prior art, and provides an economic and environment-friendly implementation way.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
the utility model provides a waste incineration factory waste integrated processing system which characterized in that: comprises a percolate treatment pool, an incinerator, a desulfurizing tower, a bag-type dust collector, an induced draft fan, a chimney, a steam power mill, a filter bag, an evaporator, a granulator and a microwave tunnel kiln;
the tail flue gas outlet of the incinerator is connected with the inlet of a semi-dry desulfurization tower, the outlet of the semi-dry desulfurization tower is connected with the inlet of a bag-type dust remover, and the exhaust port of the bag-type dust remover is connected to a chimney through a blower; the tail discharge port of the bag-type dust collector is connected with the feed port of the steam power mill, the top discharge port of the steam power mill is connected with the feed port of the filter bag, the tail discharge port of the filter bag is connected with the feed port of the granulator, and the discharge port of the granulator is connected with the inlet of the microwave tunnel kiln; wherein the exhaust port at the bottom of the filter bag is connected with the air inlet of an evaporator, and the evaporator is connected with a percolate treatment pool.
The operation method of the comprehensive treatment system of the waste incineration plant comprises the following steps:
the household garbage is firstly sent into an incinerator through a grab bucket to be fully combusted, and flue gas generated by combustion is discharged into a chimney through desulfurization treatment and filtering of a bag-type dust collector; conveying incineration fly ash discharged from a bag-type dust collector into a steam power mill, crushing the incineration fly ash into ultrafine powder by using superheated steam generated by a garbage incineration power plant as a power source, collecting the ultrafine powder by a filter bag, mixing the ultrafine powder with auxiliary materials, and then conveying the mixture to a granulator for granulation and molding; the formed particles are sent into a microwave tunnel kiln for microwave sintering to obtain ceramsite building materials; the generated flue gas is sent to a flue at the tail part of the incinerator through a smoke outlet, exhaust steam generated by the steam power mill is connected into the evaporator through the filter bag and is used as a waste leachate evaporation heat source, and concentrated liquid discharged from the bottom of the evaporator is sent to the incinerator for burning on the spot.
The advantages and the positivity of the invention are as follows:
the incineration fly ash microwave sintering technology adopted by the invention can not only solidify heavy metals in the fly ash, but also decompose dioxin in the fly ash, and particularly, after the incineration fly ash is subjected to ultrafine grinding through a steam power mill, the sintering temperature is reduced to about 900 ℃. The combination of the steam power grinding ultrafine grinding and the microwave sintering technology greatly reduces the microwave sintering cost, the reduction of the sintering temperature greatly reduces the volatilization of heavy metal and chlorine salt, and the cost performance of the microwave sintering process is greatly superior to that of the traditional sintering process technology at present. Meanwhile, combustion air is not needed in the microwave sintering, the generation amount of flue gas in the sintering process is greatly reduced, a small amount of sintering flue gas is merged into the flue gas purification system of the incinerator, and the investment and the operation cost of the sintering flue gas are greatly saved. In addition, the exhaust steam of the steam power mill is used as the evaporation heat source of the waste leachate and the concentrated solution, so that the gradient utilization of steam heat energy is fully realized, the steam consumption is reduced, and the leachate treatment cost is greatly reduced. In conclusion, the invention can realize the gradient utilization of the steam of the waste incineration plant, has low cost and environment-friendly effect, and realizes the harmless treatment of the incineration fly ash and the treatment of percolate in the waste incineration plant, thereby saving the operation cost of the waste incineration plant.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of the overall connection structure of the present invention.
Wherein:
the system comprises an incinerator 1, a semi-dry desulfurization tower 2, a bag-type dust remover 3, an induced draft fan 4, a chimney 5, a steam power mill 6, a filter bag 7, a granulator 8, a microwave tunnel kiln 9, an evaporator 10 and a leachate treatment tank 11.
For a person skilled in the art, other relevant figures can be obtained from the above figures without inventive effort.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical solution of the present invention better understood by those skilled in the art, the technical solution of the present invention is specifically described below.
As shown in the attached figure 1, the invention relates to a waste incineration fly ash comprehensive treatment system.
The household garbage is sent into an incinerator for combustion, and flue gas generated by combustion is discharged from a chimney after desulfurization and dust removal; the incineration fly ash generated in the incineration process is discharged from a discharge port of a bag-type dust collector, the particle size of most of the incineration fly ash is 4-100 mu m, the incineration fly ash is sent into a steam power mill, superheated steam (0.7-1MPa 260-280 ℃) generated by garbage incineration power generation is used as steam power, and the incineration fly ash is instantaneously crushed to be less than 20 mu m under the impact of the superheated steam with 15-20 times of sound velocity through the steam power mill, wherein the whole grinding process is completed at about 140 ℃. Collecting the superfine fly ash powder obtained after crushing by a filter bag, adding gold tailings for fully mixing, feeding the mixture into a granulator for granulation and molding, feeding the mixture into a microwave tunnel kiln for microwave sintering treatment, absorbing waves by carbon components in the burnt fly ash after absorbing the waves, and quickly heating and burning to obtain ceramsite, wherein the fired ceramsite product meets the technical requirements of solid waste vitrification treatment products and related requirements of building material products. The method reduces the sintering temperature by 200-250 ℃ through the pretreatment of the steam ultrafine grinding, greatly improves the treatment efficiency, saves the unit energy consumption by more than 20%, and simultaneously saves the flue gas purification investment by merging a small amount of flue gas generated by microwave sintering into the flue gas purification system of the garbage incinerator. In addition, the exhaust steam (about 0.5MPa at 135 ℃) generated by the steam power mill is connected into an evaporator through a filter bag to be used as a waste leachate and concentrated solution evaporation heat source, the concentrated solution is directly sent to an incinerator for burning after being discharged from a discharge outlet at the bottom of the evaporator, and the waste water generated by evaporation meets the requirements of the pollution control standard of domestic waste landfill (GB 16889-2008) after being treated.
Although the preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described above with reference to the accompanying drawings, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, which are merely illustrative and not restrictive, and those skilled in the art can make many modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention as defined in the appended claims.

Claims (1)

1. The utility model provides a waste incineration factory waste integrated processing system which characterized in that: comprises a percolate treatment pool, an incinerator, a desulfurizing tower, a bag-type dust collector, an induced draft fan, a chimney, a steam power mill, a filter bag, an evaporator, a granulator and a microwave tunnel kiln;
the tail smoke outlet of the incinerator is connected with the inlet of the desulfurizing tower, the outlet of the desulfurizing tower is connected with the feed inlet of the bag-type dust remover, and the exhaust port of the bag-type dust remover is connected to the chimney through the induced draft fan; the tail discharge port of the bag-type dust collector is connected with the feed port of the steam power mill, the top discharge port of the steam power mill is connected with the feed port of the filter bag, the tail discharge port of the filter bag is connected with the feed port of the granulator, and the discharge port of the granulator is connected with the inlet of the microwave tunnel kiln; the air outlet at the bottom of the filter bag is connected with the air inlet of the evaporator, and the evaporator is connected with a percolate treatment pool.
CN202223000589.4U 2022-11-11 2022-11-11 Waste incineration plant waste comprehensive treatment system Active CN218820401U (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202223000589.4U CN218820401U (en) 2022-11-11 2022-11-11 Waste incineration plant waste comprehensive treatment system

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202223000589.4U CN218820401U (en) 2022-11-11 2022-11-11 Waste incineration plant waste comprehensive treatment system

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN218820401U true CN218820401U (en) 2023-04-07

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CN202223000589.4U Active CN218820401U (en) 2022-11-11 2022-11-11 Waste incineration plant waste comprehensive treatment system

Country Status (1)

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CN (1) CN218820401U (en)

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Effective date of registration: 20231121

Address after: Room 558-67 (centralized office area), No. 18 Fuyuan Road, Wuqing Development Zone, Tianjin, 301726

Patentee after: ZHONGXIN RUIMEI (TIANJIN) ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION TECHNOLOGY CO.,LTD.

Address before: Tianjin urban construction university, No.26, Jinjing Road, Xiqing District, Tianjin, 300384

Patentee before: Tianjin Chengjian University

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