SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
To prior art's above defect or improve in the demand one or more, the utility model provides a concrete filled steel tube sleeper structure from perception suitable for ballastless track through burying fiber grating sensing system in the concrete filled steel tube sleeper, forms the concrete filled steel tube sleeper structure that has meet an emergency and temperature response ability of perception and high durability, can directly obtain the inside meeting an emergency and temperature-response of sleeper, measures the accuracy, construction convenience, and the durability is strong.
In order to achieve the purpose, the utility model provides a self-sensing concrete-filled steel tube sleeper structure suitable for a ballastless track, which comprises a double-block concrete-filled steel tube sleeper and a fiber grating sensing system;
the double-block type steel pipe concrete sleeper comprises a first sleeper concrete block and a second sleeper concrete block which are respectively arranged on two transverse sides, and at least one pipeline concrete structure is arranged between the first sleeper concrete block and the second sleeper concrete block so as to connect the sleeper concrete blocks on the two sides;
the fiber bragg grating sensing system comprises a sensing optical cable penetrating through a first sleeper concrete block, a pipeline concrete structure and a second sleeper concrete block, wherein a plurality of FBG strain sensors and a plurality of FBG temperature sensors are connected in series on the sensing optical cable; the FBG strain sensor and the FBG temperature sensor are respectively arranged in the first sleeper concrete block and the second sleeper concrete block.
As a further improvement, the first sleeper concrete block or the second sleeper concrete block side sets up optic fibre and imports and exports, the sensing optical cable imports and exports the entering and draws forth through this optic fibre.
As a further improvement of the present invention, the FBG temperature sensor comprises an FBG strain sensor and an external sleeve, and the gap of the sleeve is filled with a heat conducting liquid.
As the utility model discloses a further improvement, FBG strain sensor locates the track action point below in the sleeper high strain area, FBG temperature sensor locates in the sleeper low strain area.
As the utility model discloses a further improvement, FBG temperature sensor is the same with FBG strain sensor's the distance between position and the sleeper block upper surface that sets up.
As a further improvement of the utility model, be equipped with an FBG strain sensor and an FBG temperature sensor in first sleeper concrete piece and the second sleeper concrete piece respectively at least.
As a further improvement, the first sleeper concrete block and the second sleeper concrete block are respectively provided with an FBG temperature sensor and are symmetrically arranged.
As a further improvement, be equipped with two FBG strain sensor in first sleeper concrete block and the second sleeper concrete block respectively, and symmetrical arrangement.
As a further improvement, the first sleeper concrete block and the second sleeper concrete block are internally provided with reinforcing mesh sheets or stirrups.
As the further improvement of the utility model, the pipeline concrete structure includes two or three, and the hollow steel pipe that corresponds is two or three, the sensing optical cable passes from one of them hollow steel pipe.
Generally, through the utility model discloses above technical scheme who conceives compares with prior art, has following beneficial effect:
(1) The utility model discloses arrange fiber grating sensing system inside the steel pipe concrete structure, the structural feature of make full use of steel pipe concrete sleeper regards hollow steel pipe as fiber channel for after the completion is pour to the sleeper, fiber sensing system does not expose, has guaranteed the safety of sensing system at sleeper storage, transportation and the in-service in-process. And the sensor material has stable performance, is not influenced by complex chemical reaction environment in the hydration process of concrete, and has high durability. Through the fiber bragg grating sensing system buried in the concrete filled steel tube sleeper, the concrete filled steel tube sleeper structure with self-sensing capability of strain and temperature response and high durability is formed, the strain and temperature response in the sleeper can be directly obtained, the measurement is accurate, the construction is convenient, and the durability is strong.
(2) The utility model discloses arrange fiber grating sensing system on the inside reinforcing bar net piece or the stirrup of sleeper block to fix with the ribbon, because sensing system geometry is fine, easily lay, it is less to the influence of sleeper bulk strength, need not to change the original cloth muscle mode of sleeper block, have good constructability.
(3) The utility model discloses draw fiber grating sensing system's head end and tail end from same optic fibre export, fiber system's head end and tail end all can be used to measure the inside strain of sleeper and temperature state to make when inside optic fibre takes place to damage, measure in order to obtain more sensor monitor information from both ends.
(4) The utility model discloses the FBG temperature sensor who arranges respectively in the sleeper block of both sides can provide temperature compensation for the FBG strain transducer in each sleeper block respectively, improves the monitoring accuracy of meeting an emergency.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the invention. Furthermore, the technical features mentioned in the embodiments of the present invention described below can be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description of the present invention and to simplify the description, but do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
Furthermore, the terms "first", "second" and "first" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or to implicitly indicate the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means at least two, e.g., two, three, etc., unless specifically limited otherwise.
In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly stated or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "fixed" are to be construed broadly and may, for example, be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally formed; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be directly connected or indirectly connected through intervening media, or they may be interconnected within two elements or in a relationship where two elements interact with each other unless otherwise specifically limited. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific situations by those of ordinary skill in the art.
In the present application, unless expressly stated or limited otherwise, the first feature may be directly on or directly under the second feature or indirectly via intermediate members. Also, a first feature "on," "over," and "above" a second feature may be directly or diagonally above the second feature, or may simply indicate that the first feature is at a higher level than the second feature. A first feature being "under," "below," and "beneath" a second feature may be directly under or obliquely under the first feature, or may simply mean that the first feature is at a lesser elevation than the second feature.
As shown in fig. 1 to fig. 6, the utility model discloses on current two block formula steel pipe concrete sleeper basis, to the durability that the present monitoring means exists and the problem that receives the environmental condition influence, arrange fiber grating sensing system inside the steel pipe concrete to realize sleeper inside temperature, meet an emergency from perception function, and improve the durability. The utility model is suitable for a ballastless track's self-perception concrete filled steel tube sleeper structure, including two formula concrete filled steel tube sleepers and fiber grating sensing system.
Specifically, the double-block type steel pipe concrete sleeper comprises a first sleeper concrete block and a second sleeper concrete block which are respectively arranged at two transverse sides and are respectively used for supporting a track 1 corresponding to the top; at least one pipeline concrete structure 6 is arranged between the first sleeper concrete block and the second sleeper concrete block and is used for connecting the sleeper concrete blocks on two sides. The hollow steel pipes are transversely arranged between the sleeper concrete blocks, and each hollow steel pipe is filled with concrete simultaneously in the pouring process of the sleeper concrete blocks to form a pipeline concrete structure 6.
The fiber bragg grating sensing system comprises a sensing optical cable 7 which runs through a first sleeper concrete block, a pipeline concrete structure 6 and a second sleeper concrete block, and a plurality of FBG strain sensors 3 and a plurality of FBG temperature sensors 2 are connected in series on the sensing optical cable 7. FBG strain sensor 3 and FBG temperature sensor 2 divide and locate first sleeper concrete block and second sleeper concrete block in, are equipped with one FBG strain sensor 3 and one FBG temperature sensor 2 in first sleeper concrete block and the second sleeper concrete block respectively at least.
And an optical fiber inlet and outlet 8 is arranged on the side surface of one sleeper concrete block 5 to protect the head end and the tail end of the sensing optical fiber, and the sensing optical fiber is connected with the fiber bragg grating demodulator to acquire data. The sensing optical fiber of the fiber bragg grating sensing system enters from the optical fiber inlet and outlet 8, sequentially passes through the first sleeper concrete block, the pipeline concrete structure 6, the second sleeper concrete block, the pipeline concrete structure 6 and the first sleeper concrete block, and is led out from the optical fiber inlet and outlet 8. The utility model discloses a fiber grating sensing system gets into and draws forth by same optic fibre mouth, forms closed circuit, and sensing system's head end and tail end all can be used to measure inside meeting an emergency and temperature state to when making inside optic fibre take place to damage, can measure from head end and tail end in proper order, damage the monitoring data loss that causes with the reduction sensor.
Preferably, a steel mesh or a stirrup 4 is arranged in each of the first sleeper concrete block and the second sleeper concrete block, and is used for enhancing the strength of the sleeper concrete block on one hand and arranging a fiber bragg grating sensing system on the other hand.
The arrangement process of the fiber grating sensing system is as follows: before concrete is poured on a sleeper, the fiber bragg grating sensing system enters from an optical fiber inlet and outlet arranged on the side face of one sleeper block, is bound and fixedly arranged on a steel bar net piece or a stirrup of the sleeper block by using a binding tape and enters into the other sleeper block through a hollow steel pipe, and after the strain sensor and the temperature sensor are arranged, returns to the original sleeper block through the hollow steel pipe again and is led out from an optical fiber outlet on the side face of the sleeper block. Therefore, the optical fiber sensing system is not exposed after the pouring is finished, and the optical fiber sensor is not damaged in the process of sleeper storage, transportation and service.
The pipeline concrete structure 6 is formed by casting hollow steel pipes, the hollow steel pipes are transversely arranged in a manufacturing mould of the sleeper concrete block, and the hollow steel pipes and the sleeper concrete block 5 are cast together after the fiber bragg grating sensing system is arranged. The hollow steel tube is automatically filled with concrete in the pouring process, and after the pouring is finished, the pipeline concrete provides protection for the internal optical fibers.
Further preferably, the cross section of the hollow steel pipe of the piping concrete structure 6 is circular, and the number is preferably two or three. In one embodiment shown in fig. 1 to 3, the number of hollow steel tubes is two, and for two hollow steel tubes, it is preferable to arrange them symmetrically about the centre line of the fastener. In another embodiment of fig. 4 to 6, the number of hollow steel pipes is three, and for three hollow steel pipes, it is preferable to arrange in an inverted triangle. In addition, as shown in the attached drawings, when two or three steel pipes are arranged, the sensing optical cables all penetrate through one hollow steel pipe.
A plurality of FBG temperature sensors 2 and FBG strain sensors 3 are prefabricated on sensing optical fibers of the fiber bragg grating sensing system. FBG strain sensor 3 is connected with outside concrete zonulae occludens after the sleeper piece is pour, does not have relative slip to guarantee that outside meeting an emergency can transmit to inside sensing grating in the encapsulated layer, realize the measurement to meeting an emergency.
The FBG temperature sensor 2 is used to monitor sleeper temperature changes and provide temperature compensation for the FBG strain sensor 3. As shown in fig. 7, FBG temperature sensor 2 comprises FBG strain sensor 201 and outer sleeve 202, the gap of which is filled with heat conductive liquid 203; that is, the FBG temperature sensor 2 is manufactured by adding a sleeve outside the FBG strain sensor, a gap exists between the sleeve and the internal optical fiber, and the heat conducting liquid is densely filled in the gap, so that the external strain cannot be transmitted to the internal sensitive grating, and only the external heat can be transmitted into the internal sensitive grating through the sleeve-heat conducting liquid-packaging layer, so that the temperature can be measured without being influenced by the mechanical strain of the concrete.
The wavelength change of the FBG strain sensor is influenced by mechanical strain, temperature strain and temperature effect, the temperature sensor additionally arranged on the sleeve is arranged to provide temperature compensation for the strain sensor, and the mechanical strain measured by the strain sensor can be separated through calculation.
The FBG temperature sensors 2 are preferably two, are respectively arranged in the sleeper concrete blocks 5 at two sides and are symmetrically arranged, so that temperature compensation is respectively provided for the FBG strain sensors in the same sleeper block. The FBG strain sensors 3 are preferably four, and two are disposed at the two gauges. More preferably, the FBG strain sensors are arranged in a high-strain area in the sleeper below the action point of the track 1 and are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the central line of the fastener. The FBG temperature sensor is arranged in a low-strain area in the sleeper, so that the influence of mechanical force strain on temperature measurement can be reduced.
Preferably, the distances between the arrangement positions of the FBG temperature sensor 2 and the FBG strain sensor 3 and the upper surface of the sleeper block are the same, so that the accuracy of temperature compensation can be ensured.
The utility model discloses a self-perception concrete filled steel tube sleeper structure suitable for ballastless track can directly detect and real-time supervision the inside meeting an emergency of sleeper and temperature response. The sleeper manufacturing quality evaluation and the guidance maintenance decision can be carried out according to the temperature and the strain state of the steel tube concrete sleeper in the manufacturing and forming processes; the health evaluation of the sleeper and the finger guide pipe maintenance decision can be carried out according to the temperature and the strain state of the steel tube concrete sleeper in the service process.
It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the foregoing is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the invention to the particular forms disclosed, but on the contrary, the intention is to cover all modifications, equivalents, and alternatives falling within the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.