CN218764248U - 一种丙烷预冷双氮膨胀制冷天然气提粗氦联产lng的装置 - Google Patents

一种丙烷预冷双氮膨胀制冷天然气提粗氦联产lng的装置 Download PDF

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CN218764248U
CN218764248U CN202223282096.4U CN202223282096U CN218764248U CN 218764248 U CN218764248 U CN 218764248U CN 202223282096 U CN202223282096 U CN 202223282096U CN 218764248 U CN218764248 U CN 218764248U
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natural gas
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邓昊天
马国光
周明杰
刘璐
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Southwest Petroleum University
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Abstract

本实用新型涉及一种丙烷预冷双氮膨胀制冷天然气提粗氦联产LNG的装置，包括天然气冷却单元、丙烷预冷单元、一级氮气膨胀制冷单元、二级氮气膨胀制冷单元和天然气提粗氦联产LNG单元。天然气冷却单元，冷却提氦前的天然气。丙烷预冷单元，节流后的丙烷把冷量提供给冷箱Ⅰ。一级氮气膨胀单元，膨胀后的氮气把冷量依次提供给冷箱Ⅲ和冷箱Ⅱ。二级氮气膨胀单元，膨胀后的氮气把冷量依次提供给二级提氦塔塔顶、冷箱Ⅳ、冷箱Ⅲ和冷箱Ⅱ。天然气提粗氦联产LNG单元，一级提氦塔将大部分天然气液化，液化的天然气在冷箱Ⅳ获得过冷温度，二级提氦塔将剩余的天然气液化，并且得到浓度相对较高的氦气。本装置涉及工艺简单，效果显著。

Description

一种丙烷预冷双氮膨胀制冷天然气提粗氦联产LNG的装置
技术领域
本实用新型涉及天然气回收氦气和天然气液化技术领域，具体涉及一种用于天然回收氦气联产LNG的装置。
背景技术
随着科技和经济的发展，氦气变得越来越重要。氦气是一种稀缺的战略资源，被广泛应用在太空探索、国防工业、低温超导和其他高科技领域。
氦气主要从含氦天然气中提取。集成氦气提取法是氦气提取法中的一种，旨在联合多种氦气提取技术，例如和天然气加工工艺结合。为了提高氦气的回收率和纯度，降低氦气提取成本，多将天然气提氦技术与天然气液化技术相结合。
传统天然气低温提取氦气工艺需要的低温条件可通过天然气自膨胀、氮气膨胀等方法产生。作为单一的氦气提取工艺，它具有能耗高、投资高等缺点。目前，它被广泛使用在天然气液化技术中，但是级联式制冷工艺投资高，混合制冷剂制冷工艺的工艺复杂性非常高。当与氦气提取过程相结合时，两种制冷方法不可避免地会导致过程的复杂性。LNG技术中常用的制冷方法多种多样，无法更好地满足天然气提氦和LNG联合生产。
实用新型内容
本实用新型目的在于提供一种丙烷预冷双氮膨胀制冷天然气提粗氦联产LNG的装置，以克服上述背景技术中提到的现有技术中存在的技术问题。
为实现上述目的，本实用新型通过以下技术方案实现：
本实用新型涉及一种丙烷预冷双氮膨胀制冷天然气提粗氦联产LNG的装置，包括天然气冷却单元，丙烷预冷单元，一级氮气膨胀制冷单元、二级氮气膨胀制冷单元和天然气提粗氦联产LNG单元。
所述天然气冷却单元：包括冷箱Ⅰ和冷箱Ⅱ。
所述丙烷预冷单元：包括丙烷压缩机、水冷器Ⅰ和节流阀Ⅰ。
所述一级氮气膨胀制冷单元：包括氮气压缩机Ⅰ、水冷器Ⅱ、膨胀机膨胀端Ⅰ和膨胀机压缩端Ⅰ。
所述二级氮气膨胀制冷单元：包括氮气压缩机Ⅱ、水冷器Ⅲ、膨胀机膨胀端Ⅱ和膨胀机压缩端Ⅱ。
所述天然气提粗氦联产LNG单元：包括冷箱Ⅲ、冷箱Ⅳ、一级提氦塔、二级提氦塔、一级提氦塔塔顶冷凝器、一级提氦塔塔底再沸器、二级提氦塔塔顶冷凝器、二级提氦塔塔底再沸器和节流阀Ⅱ。
所述冷箱Ⅱ与一级提氦塔塔底再沸器相连，一级提氦塔塔底再沸器与冷箱Ⅲ相连，冷箱Ⅲ与一级提氦塔相连；一级提氦塔塔底管道与冷箱Ⅳ相连，一级提氦塔塔顶管道与二级提氦塔塔底再沸器相连，二级提氦塔塔底再沸器与冷箱Ⅳ相连，冷箱Ⅳ与二级提氦塔相连。
所述天然气首先经冷箱Ⅰ预冷、冷箱Ⅱ把预冷后的天然气温度降低，并作为一级提氦塔塔底再沸器的热源，再进入冷箱Ⅲ降温后进入一级提氦塔。
所述一级提氦塔塔顶气作为二级提氦塔塔底再沸器的热源，再进入冷箱Ⅳ降低温度，再进入二级提氦塔。
所述一级提氦塔塔底液态天然气经节流降压降温后作为一级提氦塔塔顶冷凝器的冷源，再进入冷箱Ⅳ获得过冷温度，得到液化天然气(LNG)。
所述二级提氦塔塔顶粗氦经过二级提氦塔塔顶冷凝器冷凝，再把冷量依次提供给冷箱Ⅳ、冷箱Ⅲ、冷箱Ⅱ和冷箱Ⅰ。所述二级提氦塔塔底液相为液化天然气(LNG)。
所述一级氮气膨胀制冷单元，氮气压缩机Ⅰ出口与水冷器Ⅱ进口相连，水冷器Ⅱ出口依次通过冷箱Ⅰ和冷箱Ⅱ与膨胀机膨胀端Ⅰ进口相连。膨胀机膨胀端Ⅰ出口依次通过冷箱Ⅲ和冷箱Ⅱ与膨胀机压缩端Ⅰ进口相连，膨胀机压缩端Ⅰ出口与氮气压缩机Ⅰ进口相连，形成制冷循环系统。
所述二级氮气膨胀制冷单元，氮气压缩机Ⅱ出口与水冷器Ⅲ进口相连，水冷器Ⅲ出口依次通过冷箱Ⅰ、冷箱Ⅱ和冷箱Ⅲ与膨胀机膨胀端Ⅱ进口相连。膨胀机膨胀端Ⅱ出口依次通过冷箱Ⅳ、冷箱Ⅲ和冷箱Ⅱ与膨胀机压缩端Ⅱ进口相连，膨胀机压缩端Ⅱ出口与氮气压缩机Ⅱ进口相连，形成制冷循环系统。
所述丙烷预冷单元，丙烷压缩机出口与水冷器Ⅰ进口相连，水冷器Ⅰ出口依次经过节流阀Ⅰ和冷箱Ⅰ与丙烷压缩机进口相连。
本实用新型一种丙烷预冷双氮膨胀制冷天然气提粗氦联产LNG的装置，其优点在于：所述丙烷预冷单元可提供天然气提粗氦联产LNG单元一部分冷量，节省更多一级氮气膨胀制冷单元和二级氮气膨胀制冷单元需要提供给天然气液化和天然气提氦的冷量。一级氮气膨胀制冷单元和二级氮气膨胀制冷单元，提供的制冷温度可达-180℃以下，可以深度液化天然气从而分离出氦气，氦气以气态粗氦形式被分离出来，氦回收率可达99％。
附图说明
图1为本发明一种丙烷预冷双氮膨胀制冷天然气提粗氦联产LNG的装置结构示意图。
图1中各标记对应含义为：1、冷箱Ⅰ；2、冷箱Ⅱ；3、冷箱Ⅲ；4、冷箱Ⅳ；5、一级提氦塔塔底再沸器；6、一级提氦塔塔顶冷凝器；7、二级提氦塔塔底再沸器；8、二级提氦塔塔顶冷凝器；9、水冷器Ⅰ；10、水冷器Ⅲ；11、水冷器Ⅱ；12、节流阀Ⅰ；13、节流阀Ⅱ；14、膨胀机膨胀端Ⅰ；15、膨胀机膨胀端Ⅱ；16、膨胀机压缩端Ⅰ；17、膨胀机压缩端Ⅱ；18、丙烷压缩机；19、氮气压缩机Ⅱ；20、氮气压缩机Ⅰ；21、一级提氦塔；22、二级提氦塔。
具体实施方式
结合图1，对本实用新型作进一步说明。
结合图1所示，本实用新型一种丙烷预冷双氮膨胀制冷天然气提粗氦联产LNG的装置，包括天然气冷却单元，丙烷预冷单元，一级氮气膨胀制冷单元、二级氮气膨胀制冷单元和天然气提粗氦联产LNG单元。所述天然气冷却单元：包括冷箱Ⅰ和冷箱Ⅱ。所述丙烷预冷单元：包括丙烷压缩机、水冷器Ⅰ和节流阀Ⅰ；所述一级氮气膨胀制冷单元包括：氮气压缩机Ⅰ、水冷器Ⅱ、膨胀机膨胀端Ⅰ和膨胀机压缩端Ⅰ。所述二级氮气膨胀制冷单元：包括氮气压缩机Ⅱ、水冷器Ⅲ、膨胀机膨胀端Ⅱ和膨胀机压缩端Ⅱ。所述天然气提粗氦单元：包括冷箱Ⅲ、冷箱Ⅳ、一级提氦塔、二级提氦塔、一级提氦塔塔顶冷凝器、一级提氦塔塔底再沸器、二级提氦塔塔顶冷凝器、二级提氦塔塔底再沸器和节流阀Ⅱ。
所述天然气首先经过冷箱Ⅰ获得预冷温度，再依次经过冷箱Ⅱ、一级提氦塔塔底再沸器和冷箱Ⅲ获得更低的温度，再进入一级提氦塔。进一步的，所述一级提氦塔塔底液态天然气经过节流阀降温降压，并作为冷源进入一级提氦塔塔顶冷凝器，在进入冷箱Ⅳ获得过冷温度，得到大部分液化天然气(LNG)。进一步的，所述塔顶部分冷凝气体作为热源进入二级提氦塔再沸器，再经过冷箱Ⅳ获得更低的温度进入二级提氦塔。进一步的，所述二级提氦塔塔顶冷凝的粗氦依次给冷箱Ⅳ、冷箱Ⅲ、冷箱Ⅱ和冷箱Ⅰ提供冷量。进一步的，所述二级提氦塔塔低产生液相为液化天然气(LNG)。
所述一级氮气膨胀制冷单元中，经增压水冷后的氮气依次经过冷箱Ⅰ和冷箱Ⅱ获得冷量，再经过膨胀机膨胀端Ⅰ获得更低的制冷温度，依次把冷量提供给冷箱Ⅲ和冷箱Ⅱ，再经过氮气膨胀机压缩端Ⅰ，进入氮气压缩机Ⅰ，形成一级氮气制冷循环。
所述二级氮气膨胀制冷单元中，经增压水冷后的氮气依次经过冷箱Ⅰ、冷箱Ⅱ和冷箱Ⅲ获得冷量，再经过膨胀机膨胀端Ⅱ获得更低的制冷温度，依次把冷量提供给冷箱Ⅳ、冷箱Ⅲ和冷箱Ⅱ，再经过膨胀机压缩端Ⅱ，进入氮气压缩机Ⅱ，形成二级氮气制冷循环。
所述丙烷预冷单元中，丙烷经过丙烷压缩机和水冷器Ⅰ，变成液态丙烷。进一步的，液态丙烷经过节流阀Ⅰ降压降温，形成气液两相，再把冷量提供给冷箱Ⅰ，再返回到丙烷压缩机进口，形成丙烷预冷循环。
以上所述的具体实施方式，对本实用新型的目的、技术方案和有益效果进行了进一步详细说明，所应理解的是，以上所述仅为本实用新型的具体实施方式而已，并不用于限定本实用新型的保护范围，凡在本实用新型的精神和原则之内，所做的任何修改、等同替换、改进等，均应包含在本实用新型的保护范围之内。

Claims (8)

1.一种丙烷预冷双氮膨胀制冷天然气提粗氦联产LNG的装置，包括天然气冷却单元、丙烷预冷单元、一级氮气膨胀制冷单元、二级氮气膨胀制冷单元和天然气提粗氦联产LNG单元，其包括冷箱Ⅰ(1)，冷箱Ⅱ(2)，丙烷压缩机(18)，水冷器Ⅰ(9)，节流阀Ⅰ(12)，氮气压缩机Ⅰ(20)，水冷器Ⅱ(11)，膨胀机膨胀端Ⅰ(14)，膨胀机压缩端Ⅰ(16)，氮气压缩机Ⅱ(19)，水冷器Ⅲ(10)，膨胀机膨胀端Ⅱ(15)，膨胀机压缩端Ⅱ(17)，冷箱Ⅲ(3)，冷箱Ⅳ(4)，一级提氦塔(21)，二级提氦塔(22)，一级提氦塔塔顶冷凝器(6)，一级提氦塔塔底再沸器(5)，二级提氦塔塔顶冷凝器(8)，二级提氦塔塔底再沸器(7)和节流阀Ⅱ(13)，其特征在于：冷箱Ⅱ(2)与一级提氦塔塔底再沸器(5)相连，一级提氦塔塔底再沸器(5)与冷箱Ⅲ(3)相连，冷箱Ⅲ(3)再与一级提氦塔(21)相连；一级提氦塔(21)塔底管道与冷箱Ⅳ(4)相连，一级提氦塔(21)塔顶管道与二级提氦塔塔底再沸器(7)相连，二级提氦塔塔底再沸器(7)与冷箱Ⅳ(4)相连，冷箱Ⅳ(4)与二级提氦塔(22)相连。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种丙烷预冷双氮膨胀制冷天然气提粗氦联产LNG的装置，其特征在于：所述天然气首先经冷箱Ⅰ(1)预冷、冷箱Ⅱ(2)把预冷后的天然气温度降低，并作为一级提氦塔塔底再沸器(5)的热源，再进入冷箱Ⅲ(3)降温后进入一级提氦塔(21)。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种丙烷预冷双氮膨胀制冷天然气提粗氦联产LNG的装置，其特征在于：所述一级提氦塔(21)塔顶气作为二级提氦塔塔底再沸器(7)的热源，再进入冷箱Ⅳ(4)降低温度，再进入二级提氦塔(22)。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种丙烷预冷双氮膨胀制冷天然气提粗氦联产LNG的装置，其特征在于：所述一级提氦塔(21)塔底液态天然气经节流降压降温后作为一级提氦塔塔顶冷凝器(6)的冷源，再进入冷箱Ⅳ(4)获得过冷温度，得到液化天然气(LNG)。
5.根据权利要求1所述的一种丙烷预冷双氮膨胀制冷天然气提粗氦联产LNG的装置，其特征在于：所述二级提氦塔(22)塔顶粗氦经过二级提氦塔塔顶冷凝器(8)冷凝，再把冷量依次提供给冷箱Ⅳ(4)、冷箱Ⅲ(3)、冷箱Ⅱ(2)和冷箱Ⅰ(1)，所述二级提氦塔(22)塔底液相为液化天然气(LNG)。
6.根据权利要求1所述的一种丙烷预冷双氮膨胀制冷天然气提粗氦联产LNG的装置，其特征在于：所述一级氮气膨胀制冷单元，氮气压缩机Ⅰ(20)出口与水冷器Ⅱ(11)进口相连，水冷器Ⅱ(11)出口依次通过冷箱Ⅰ(1)和冷箱Ⅱ(2)与膨胀机膨胀端Ⅰ(14)进口相连，膨胀机膨胀端Ⅰ(14)出口依次通过冷箱Ⅲ(3)和冷箱Ⅱ(2)与膨胀机压缩端Ⅰ(16)进口相连，膨胀机压缩端Ⅰ(16)出口与氮气压缩机Ⅰ(20)进口相连，形成制冷循环系统。
7.根据权利要求1所述的一种丙烷预冷双氮膨胀制冷天然气提粗氦联产LNG的装置，其特征在于：所述二级氮气膨胀制冷单元，氮气压缩机Ⅱ(19)出口与水冷器Ⅲ(10)进口相连，水冷器Ⅲ(10)出口依次通过冷箱Ⅰ(1)、冷箱Ⅱ(2)和冷箱Ⅲ(3)与膨胀机膨胀端Ⅱ(15)进口相连，膨胀机膨胀端Ⅱ(15)出口依次通过冷箱Ⅳ(4)、冷箱Ⅲ(3)和冷箱Ⅱ(2)与膨胀机压缩端Ⅱ(17)进口相连，膨胀机压缩端Ⅱ(17)出口与氮气压缩机Ⅱ(19)进口相连，形成制冷循环系统。
8.根据权利要求1所述的一种丙烷预冷双氮膨胀制冷天然气提粗氦联产LNG的装置，其特征在于：所述丙烷预冷单元，丙烷压缩机(18)出口与水冷器Ⅰ(9)进口相连，水冷器Ⅰ(9)出口依次经过节流阀Ⅰ(12)和冷箱Ⅰ(1)与丙烷压缩机(18)进口相连。
CN202223282096.4U 2022-12-08 2022-12-08 一种丙烷预冷双氮膨胀制冷天然气提粗氦联产lng的装置 Active CN218764248U (zh)

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