CN211977383U - 氦液化及不同温度等级氦气冷源供给装置 - Google Patents

氦液化及不同温度等级氦气冷源供给装置 Download PDF

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CN211977383U
CN211977383U CN201921095286.0U CN201921095286U CN211977383U CN 211977383 U CN211977383 U CN 211977383U CN 201921095286 U CN201921095286 U CN 201921095286U CN 211977383 U CN211977383 U CN 211977383U
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helium
inlet
outlet
stop valve
heat exchanger
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袁士豪
何晖
李冬锋
李剑锋
朱程浩
洪梦丽
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Hang Yang Group Co ltd
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Hangzhou Oxygen Plant Group Co Ltd
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Abstract

一种氦液化及不同温度等级氦气冷源供给装置，它包括集成换热器、氦气压缩机、高/低温氦气膨胀机、J‑T节流阀、真空杜瓦罐、气液分离罐、流路截止阀，其特征在于所述氦气压缩机进口分别连接氦气缓冲罐进口、截止阀进口、复温氦气截止阀出口、氦气补充截止阀出口，氦气补充截止阀进口连接氦气源，所述氦气压缩机出口通过压缩氦气止回阀分别连接氦气缓冲罐出口截止阀出口、水冷却器进口，它具有结构合理，使用控制方便，结构简单，从而降低使用成本，提高工作效率等特点。

Description

氦液化及不同温度等级氦气冷源供给装置
技术领域
本实用新型涉及的是一种氦液化及不同温度等级氦气冷源供给装置，属于氦液化制造领域。
背景技术
随着我国尖端科研装置的不断建造和发展，带动并加速了低温技术的发展和成熟。氦液化装置可以给先进科研设备提供极低温环境，同时也可为高度真空环境的模拟提供所需冷量。近些年，液氦作为工质的制冷系统在低温领域中使用逐渐普及。但我国目前只有极少数科研机构有小型氦液化设备使用，输出冷量小（一般为几十瓦到数百瓦），制冷效率低，而且不能实现多温度序列的氦冷媒输出。本实用新型装置通过氦气液氮预冷、氦气膨胀机二级膨胀制冷，以及J-T节流实现氦液化和不同温度序列的氦气冷源输出，可满足不同深冷设备对氦气冷源的需求。
发明内容
本实用新型一种氦液化及不同温度等级氦冷源供给技术及装置，通过压缩氦气液氮预冷，高低温膨胀机双级膨胀制冷以及J-T节流制冷获得液氦和超临界氦、以及不同温度等级的氦冷源。本实用新型利用一个集成换热设备得到常压液氦和超临界氦，以及不同温度序列的氦气冷源，以满足不同深冷设备对氦气冷源的需求，本实用新型的目的是通过下述技术方案得以解决的：一种氦液化及不同温度等级氦气冷源供给装置，它包括集成换热器、氦气压缩机、高/低温氦气膨胀机、J-T节流阀、真空杜瓦罐、气液分离罐、流路截止阀，其特征在于所述氦气压缩机进口分别连接氦气缓冲罐进口、截止阀进口、复温氦气截止阀出口、氦气补充截止阀出口。氦气补充截止阀进口连接氦气源，所述氦气压缩机出口通过压缩氦气止回阀分别连接氦气缓冲罐出口截止阀出口、水冷却器进口，水冷却器出口通过压缩氦气截止阀连接集成换热器热端进口HXI1，所述集成换热器热端出口HXO1分别连接高温杂质吸附器进口截止阀进口、旁通截止阀进口。截止阀出口连接高温杂质吸附器出口连接截止阀进口，截止阀出口分别连接旁通截止阀出口、集成换热器热端进口HXI2、截止阀进口。集成换热器热端出口HXO2分别连接集成换热器热端进口HXI3、高温膨胀机进口截止阀进口、截止阀进口。截止阀出口连接高温膨胀机进口，高温膨胀机出口连接集成换热器热端进口EXI1。集成换热器热端出口EXO1连接低温膨胀机进口截止阀进口，截止阀出口连接低温膨胀机进口。低温膨胀机出口分别连接截止阀出口、集成换热器冷端进口CXI5。
作为优选：所述集成换热器的热端出口HXO3分别连接集成换热器的热端进口HXI4、截止阀进口，所述集成换热器热端出口HXO4连接低温杂质吸附器进口，低温杂质吸附器出口分别连接集成换热器热端进口HXI5、截止阀进口。集成换热器热端出口HXO5连接低温节流阀进口，低温节流阀出口连接集成换热器热端进口HXI6。
作为优选：所述集成换热器的热端出口HXO6分别连接节流阀进口、超临界氦节流阀进口、截止阀进口。节流阀出口连接真空杜瓦进口，超临界氦节流阀出口连接气液分离器进口，冷氦气截止阀出口连接气液分离器底部换热管进口。真空杜瓦顶部气体出口分别连接气液分离器顶部气体出口、集成换热器冷端进口CXI6。气液分离器超临界氦出口通过超临界氦截止阀25连接各种深冷环境需求超临界氦进口。截止阀出口、截止阀出口、截止阀出口、截止阀出口共同连接各种深冷环境需求进口，所述各种深冷环境需求的出口、截止阀进口连接氦气去气液分离器截止阀进口，截止阀出口连接气液分离器气体进口，真空杜瓦底部液体出口通过液氦截止阀连接各种深冷环境需求液氦进口。气液分离器底部换热管出口、气液分离器底部液体出口与各种深冷环境需求进口连接。截止阀出口分别连接各种深冷环境需求气体出口、截止阀）进口、截止阀进口、截止阀进口、截止阀进口。
作为优选：所述集成换热器的冷端出口CXO5分别连接截止阀出口、集成换热器冷端进口CXI4。集成换热器冷端出口CXO4分别连接截止阀出口、集成换热器冷端进口CXI3。集成换热器冷端出口CXO3分别连接截止阀出口、集成换热器冷端进口CXI2。集成换热器冷端出口CXO2连接复温氦气截止阀进口。集成换热器冷端进口CXI1连接液氮储罐，出口连接氮气管网。
本实用新型是对现有技术的改进，它具有结构合理，使用控制方便，结构简单，从而降低使用成本，提高工作效率等特点。
本实用新型采用高/低温氦气膨胀机双级膨胀制冷。高温膨胀机一级膨胀后氦气作为热源继续被冷却，然后进低温膨胀机膨胀制冷，作为本实用新型装置系统冷量的主要来源。
本实用新型可制取液氦和超临界氦，以及不同温度序列氦气冷源，可满足各种深冷环境对氦气冷源的需求，本实用新型将换热过程集中于一个集成换热器中，减少了换热器数量，提高了系统集成度。装置结构紧凑，有效减少了占地面积。
本实用新型一种氦液化及不同温度等级氦冷源供给技术及装置，通过压缩氦气液氮预冷，高低温膨胀机双级膨胀制冷以及J-T节流制冷获得液氦和超临界氦、以及不同温度等级的氦冷源。本实用新型利用一个集成换热设备得到常压液氦和超临界氦，以及不同温度序列的氦气冷源，以满足不同深冷设备对氦气冷源的需求。本实用新型将换热过程集中于一个集成换热器中，减少了换热器数量，提高了系统集成度。装置结构紧凑，有效减少了占地面积。
附图说明
图1是本实用新型的结构示意图。
具体实施方式
下面将结合附图对本实用新型作详细的介绍：图1所示，本实用新型所述的本实用新型一种氦液化及不同温度等级氦冷源供给技术及装置，通过氦气压缩机1压缩氦气40实现氦液化循环。系统原料氦气补充通过原料氦气补充截止阀78控制，打开截止阀78原料氦气39与复温氦气38汇流后作为氦气压缩机进口氦气40，系统启动前，所有阀门均关闭，
打开复温氦气截止阀7，复温氦气38进入氦气压缩机1。氦气压缩机1出口设置止回阀4，以防止高压氦气41回流。高压氦气41进水冷却器6冷却至常温。打开压缩氦气截止阀8，水冷却器6出口常温高压氦气42进集成换热器9热端进口HXI1。
进一步，特别指出，氦气缓冲罐3作为系统原料氦气补充：①打开氦气缓冲罐一级出口截止阀5，氦气缓冲罐可以储存高压氦气，直接作为原料氦气进入集成换热器9热端进口HXI1；②打开氦气缓冲罐进口第一截止阀2，可以存储低压氦气必要时候作为氦气压缩机原料气来源）；③系统停止时，打开氦气缓冲罐进口第一截止阀2，可作为循环氦气存储容器。
集成换热器9热端出口HXO1氦气43可分为两路：①打开高温杂质吸附器一级进口截止阀10、高温杂质吸附器二级出口截止阀13，高温杂质吸附器11纯化后氦气45进入集成换热器9热端进口HXI2；②打开旁通截止阀12，氦气43直接进入集成换热器9热端进口HXI2和第十七截止阀34进口。
集成换热器9热端出口HXO2氦气46分为两路：①一路氦气47分别进入集成换热器9热端进口HXI3和第十八截止阀35进口；②打开高温膨胀机进口第八截止阀15，另一路氦气48进入高温膨胀机14进口。经高温膨胀机膨胀后氦气49进入集成换热器9热端进口EXI1。
集成换热器9热端出口HXO3氦气50分别进入集成换热器9热端进口HXI4和第十九截止阀36进口。 打开低温膨胀机二级进口截止阀18，集成换热器9热端出口EXO1氦气51进入低温膨胀机19进口，低温膨胀机19膨胀氦气76与冷端温度序列Ⅰ氦气65、集成换热器冷端出口CXO6氦气64汇流为集成换热器冷端进口CXI5氦气69，进入集成换热器冷端进口CXI5。
集成换热器9热端出口HXO4氦气52进入低温杂质吸附器16，纯化后氦气79进入集成换热器9热端进口HXI5和第二十截止阀37进口。集成换热器9热端出口HXO5氦气53经低温节流阀17节流，节流后氦气54进入集成换热器9热端进口HXI6。
集成换热器9热端出口HXO6氦气55有三流路，可分别得到液氦、和超临界氦：①打开节流阀20，液化后气液两相氦56进入真空杜瓦21，收集液氦。打开真空杜瓦21底部液氦截止阀27，液氦进入各种深冷环境需求77，真空杜瓦21顶部氦气62与气液分离罐氦气61汇流成氦气63，去集成换热器冷端进口CXI6；②打开超临界氦节流阀22，临界压力氦58进入气液分离器24。气液分离器24顶部氦气61与真空杜瓦21顶部氦气62汇流成氦气63，去集成换热器冷端进口CXI6；打开气液分离器24底部超临界氦截止阀25，超临界氦Ⅰ80进入各种深冷环境需求77；③打开冷氦气截止阀23，深冷氦气59与气液分离器24底部超临界氦Ⅰ换热，冷却后高压超临界氦Ⅱ81进入各种深冷环境需求77。
真空杜瓦液氦82、超临界氦80、81进入各种深冷环境需求77作为冷源，蒸发后氦气分为两路：①打开氦气去气液分离器截止阀26，蒸发冷氦气60进气液分离器24；②打开第十三截止阀28，蒸发冷氦气83与蒸发氦气84汇流。
打开第十五截止阀31，集成换热器9冷端出口CXO5氦气70与冷端温度序列Ⅱ氦气66汇流为氦气71，进入集成换热器9冷端进口CXI4。打开第二十二截止阀32，集成换热器9冷端出口CXO4氦气72与冷端温度序列Ⅲ氦气67汇流为氦气73，进入集成换热器9冷端进口CXI3。打开第十六截止阀33，集成换热器9冷端出口CXO3氦气74与冷端温度序列Ⅳ氦气68汇流为氦气75，进入集成换热器9冷端进口CXI2。打开第十七截止阀34，集成换热器9冷端出口CXO2氦气38通过复温氦气截止阀7进入氦气压缩机1进口。
各种深冷环境需求77复温后氦气84根据冷端温度序列（序列Ⅰ65、序列Ⅱ66、序列Ⅲ67、序列Ⅳ68）不同，分别与集成换热器冷端出口CXO6氦气64、CXO5氦气70、CXO4氦气72、CXO3氦气74汇流。
集成换热器9热端出口不同热端温度序列（序列Ⅰ86、序列Ⅱ87、序列Ⅲ88、序列Ⅳ（89））氦气分别通过氦气进各种深冷环境需求第十七截止阀34、第十八截止阀35、第十九截止阀36、第二十截止阀37汇流至90，然后进各种深冷环境需求77。打开第十七截止阀34，热端温度序列Ⅰ氦气86通过汇流管道90，进入各种深冷环境需求77。打开第十八截止阀35，热端温度序列Ⅱ氦气87通过汇流管道90，进入各种深冷环境需求77。打开第十九截止阀36，热端温度序列Ⅲ氦气88通过汇流管道90，进入各种深冷环境需求77。
打开第二十截止阀37，热端温度序列Ⅳ氦气89通过汇流管道90，进入各种深冷环境需求77。
需要指出，对于不同热端温度序列（序列Ⅰ86、序列Ⅱ87、序列Ⅲ88、序列Ⅳ89）氦气可根据需要单独从集成换热器热端出口（出口HXO1高温杂质吸附器后、出口HXO2、出口HXO3、出口HXO4）取出，作为各种深冷环境需求77冷源；也可以使用不同热端温度序列（序列Ⅰ86、序列Ⅱ87、序列Ⅲ88、序列Ⅳ89）氦气的组合，以获得不同温度的氦气冷源。
特别注明，各种深冷环境需求77出口不同温度序列氦气65、66、67、68依据自身温度特点，可选择与某一个集成换热器9冷端出口氦气64、或70、或72、或74汇流；也可以同时与64、70、72和74汇流。
本实用新型一种氦液化及不同温度等级氦冷源供给技术及装置，通过压缩氦气液氮预冷，高低温膨胀机双级膨胀制冷以及J-T节流制冷获得液氦和超临界氦、以及不同温度等级的氦冷源。本实用新型利用一个集成换热设备得到常压液氦和超临界氦，以及不同温度序列的氦气冷源，以满足不同深冷设备对氦气冷源的需求。本实用新型将换热过程集中于一个集成换热器中，减少了换热器数量，提高了系统集成度。装置结构紧凑，有效减少了占地面积。
本实用新型一种氦液化及不同温度等级氦冷源供给技术及装置，通过压缩氦气液氮预冷，高低温膨胀机双级膨胀制冷以及J-T节流制冷获得液氦和超临界氦、以及不同温度等级的氦冷源。本实用新型利用一个集成换热设备得到常压液氦和超临界氦，以及不同温度序列的氦气冷源，以满足不同深冷设备对氦气冷源的需求。
本实用新型采用高/低温氦气膨胀机双级膨胀制冷。高温膨胀机一级膨胀后氦气作为热源继续被冷却，然后进低温膨胀机膨胀制冷，作为本实用新型装置系统冷量的主要来源。
本实用新型可制取液氦和超临界氦，以及不同温度序列氦气冷源，可满足各种深冷环境对氦气冷源的需求。
本实用新型将换热过程集中于一个集成换热器中，减少了换热器数量，提高了系统集成度。装置结构紧凑，有效减少了占地面积。

Claims (4)

1.一种氦液化及不同温度等级氦气冷源供给装置，它包括集成换热器、氦气压缩机、高/低温氦气膨胀机、J-T节流阀、真空杜瓦罐、气液分离罐、流路截止阀，其特征在于所述氦气压缩机（1）进口分别连接氦气缓冲罐（3）进口、第一截止阀（2）进口、复温氦气截止阀（7）出口、氦气补充截止阀（78）出口，氦气补充截止阀（78）进口连接氦气源，所述氦气压缩机（1）出口通过压缩氦气止回阀（4）分别连接氦气缓冲罐（3）一级出口截止阀（5）出口、水冷却器（6）进口，水冷却器（6）出口通过压缩氦气截止阀（8）连接集成换热器（9）热端进口HXI1，所述集成换热器（9）热端出口HXO1分别连接高温杂质吸附器（11）、一级进口截止阀（10）进口、旁通截止阀（12）进口; 一级进口截止阀（10）出口连接高温杂质吸附器（11）连接二级出口截止阀（13）进口，二级出口截止阀（13）出口分别连接旁通截止阀（12）出口、集成换热器（9）热端进口HXI2、第十七截止阀（34）进口;集成换热器（9）热端出口HXO2分别连接集成换热器（9）热端进口HXI3、高温膨胀机（14）进口第八截止阀（15）进口、第十八截止阀（35）进口;第八截止阀（15）出口连接高温膨胀机（14）进口，高温膨胀机（14）出口连接集成换热器（9）热端进口EXI1;集成换热器（9）热端出口EXO1连接低温膨胀机（19）二级进口截止阀（18）进口，二级进口截止阀（18）出口连接低温膨胀机（19）进口;低温膨胀机（19）出口分别连接第十四截止阀（30）出口、集成换热器（9）冷端进口CXI5。
2.根据权利要求1所述的氦液化及不同温度等级氦气冷源供给装置，其特征在于所述集成换热器（9）的热端出口HXO3分别连接集成换热器（9）的热端进口HXI4、第十九截止阀（36）进口，所述集成换热器（9）热端出口HXO4连接低温杂质吸附器（16）进口，低温杂质吸附器（16）出口分别连接集成换热器（9）热端进口HXI5、第二十截止阀（37）进口;集成换热器（9）热端出口HXO5连接低温节流阀（17）进口，低温节流阀（17）出口连接集成换热器（9）热端进口HXI6。
3.根据权利要求2所述的氦液化及不同温度等级氦气冷源供给装置，其特征在于所述集成换热器（9）的热端出口HXO6分别连接节流阀（20）进口、超临界氦节流阀（22）进口、冷氦气截止阀（23）进口;节流阀（20）出口连接真空杜瓦（21）进口，超临界氦节流阀（22）出口连接气液分离器（24）进口，冷氦气截止阀（23）出口连接气液分离器（24）底部换热管进口;真空杜瓦（21）顶部气体出口分别连接气液分离器（24）顶部气体出口、集成换热器（9）冷端进口CXI6;气液分离器（24）超临界氦出口通过超临界氦截止阀（25）连接各种深冷环境需求（77）超临界氦进口;第十七截止阀（34）出口、第十八截止阀（35）出口、第十九截止阀（36）出口、第二十截止阀（37）出口共同连接各种深冷环境需求（77）进口，所述各种深冷环境需求（77）的出口、第十三截止阀（28）进口连接氦气去气液分离器截止阀（26）进口，氦气去气液分离器截止阀（26）出口连接气液分离器（24）气体进口，真空杜瓦（21）底部液体出口通过液氦截止阀（27）连接各种深冷环境需求（77）液氦进口;气液分离器（24）底部换热管出口、气液分离器（24）底部液体出口与各种深冷环境需求（77）进口连接;第十三截止阀（28）出口分别连接各种深冷环境需求（77）气体出口、第十四截止阀（30）进口、第十五截止阀（31）进口、第二十二截止阀（32）进口、第十六截止阀（33）进口。
4.根据权利要求3所述的氦液化及不同温度等级氦气冷源供给装置，其特征在于所述集成换热器（9）的冷端出口CXO5分别连接第十五截止阀（31）出口、集成换热器（9）冷端进口CXI4;集成换热器（9）冷端出口CXO4分别连接第二十二截止阀（32）出口、集成换热器（9）冷端进口CXI3;集成换热器（9）冷端出口CXO3分别连接第十六截止阀（33）出口、集成换热器（9）冷端进口CXI2;集成换热器（9）冷端出口CXO2连接复温氦气截止阀（7）进口;集成换热器（9）冷端进口CXI1连接液氮储罐，出口连接氮气管网。
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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
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CN110398132A (zh) * 2019-07-14 2019-11-01 杭州杭氧股份有限公司 一种氦液化及不同温度等级氦气冷源供给装置
CN110398132B (zh) * 2019-07-14 2024-04-09 杭氧集团股份有限公司 一种氦液化及不同温度等级氦气冷源供给装置

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