CN110779277B - 一种利用lng冷能和混合制冷工质循环的生产液氮的空分节能装置 - Google Patents

一种利用lng冷能和混合制冷工质循环的生产液氮的空分节能装置 Download PDF

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CN110779277B
CN110779277B CN201911168653.XA CN201911168653A CN110779277B CN 110779277 B CN110779277 B CN 110779277B CN 201911168653 A CN201911168653 A CN 201911168653A CN 110779277 B CN110779277 B CN 110779277B
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nitrogen
heat exchanger
outlet
inlet
liquid nitrogen
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CN110779277A (zh
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夏鸿雁
何晖
袁士豪
韩帅
宁燕
常运建
王定伟
余卓玮
胡洋
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Hang Yang Group Co ltd
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/06—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by partial condensation
    • F25J3/063—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by partial condensation characterised by the separated product stream
    • F25J3/066—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by partial condensation characterised by the separated product stream separation of nitrogen
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    • F25J1/0002—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the fluid to be liquefied
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    • F25J1/0032—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production using the feed stream itself or separated fractions from it, i.e. "internal refrigeration"
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    • F25J1/02—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process
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    • F25J1/02—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process
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    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
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    • F25J1/0268—Arrangement of heat exchanger cores in parallel with different functions, e.g. different cooling streams comprising cores associated exclusively with the cooling of a refrigerant stream, e.g. for auto-refrigeration or economizer using a dedicated refrigeration means
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    • F25J1/0279—Compression of refrigerant or internal recycle fluid, e.g. kind of compressor, accumulator, suction drum etc.
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    • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
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    • F25J3/0406—Providing pressurised feed air or process streams within or from the air fractionation unit by compression of cold gaseous streams, e.g. intermediate or oxygen enriched (waste) streams of nitrogen
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Abstract

一种利用LNG冷能和混合制冷工质循环的生产液氮的空分节能装置，它由空分氮气液化，产品液氮过冷，LNG冷能和混合制冷工质循环三部分组成，所述空分氮气液化包括氮液化主换热器，不同压力等级氮气压缩机，高压氮气节流阀，液氮储罐；所述产品液氮过冷至少包括液氮过冷换热器，液氮节流阀，液氮三通阀；所述LNG冷能和混合制冷工质循环包括LNG供给截止阀，混合工质压缩机，混合工质节流阀，LNG和混合工质换热器，它具有降低空分设备能耗同时省去了空气膨胀机，提高了空分设备运行稳定性和可靠性。

Description

一种利用LNG冷能和混合制冷工质循环的生产液氮的空分节 能装置
技术领域
本发明涉及的空分节能领域，具体涉及一种利用LNG冷能和混合制冷工质循环的生产液氮的空分节能装置。
背景技术
LNG再利用需要将其汽化（在进入都市天然气管网前需要加热升温），传统LNG采用直接海水汽化或燃气加热器加热方式，造成了LNG优质冷能的极大浪费，随着我国LNG工业的不断发展，越来越多的企业与研究单位开始重视LNG冷能的再利用；空分设备是石油化工、冶炼等行业的基础性配套设施，设备能耗较高。本发明将LNG汽化冷能用于空分设备的节能化改造，提出了一种利用LNG冷能和混合制冷工质的生产液氮的空分节能设备，混合制冷工质循环为LNG提供过冷量，将LNG汽化冷能用于空分氮气液化，所产部分液氮作为产品输出，部分液氮作为空分设备冷源，用来冷却高压空气，降低空分设备能耗同时省去了空气膨胀机。
发明内容
本发明一种利用LNG冷能和混合制冷工质循环的生产液氮的空分节能设备，充分回收LNG汽化废弃冷量，用来生产液氮和降低空分设备能耗。本发明充分利用LNG汽化产生的废弃冷量，以混合制冷工质过冷LNG，然后LNG汽化冷量液化空分氮气。液化后部分氮气作为产品输出，部分作为空分设备冷源，冷却高压空气，降低空分设备能耗同时省去了空气膨胀机，提高了空分设备运行稳定性和可靠性。
为实现上述目的，本发明采取的技术方案为：一种利用LNG冷能和混合制冷工质循环的生产液氮的空分节能装置，它由空分氮气液化，产品液氮过冷，LNG冷能和混合制冷工质循环三部分组成，其特征在于所述空分氮气液化包括氮液化主换热器，不同压力等级氮气压缩机，高压氮气节流阀，液氮储罐；所述产品液氮过冷至少包括液氮过冷换热器，液氮节流阀，液氮三通阀；所述LNG冷能和混合制冷工质循环包括LNG供给截止阀，混合工质压缩机，混合工质节流阀，LNG和混合工质换热器。
作为优选:所述LNG截止阀进口连接LNG储罐，其出口分别接换热器冷端的进口、换热器热端进口，所述换热器冷端的出口连接用户NG管网，换热器冷端的进口连接换热器冷端的出口，换热器冷端的出口连接混合工质压缩机进口，所述换热器热端的进口连接混合工质压缩机的出口，换热器热端出口连接换热器热端进口。换热器热端出口连接混合工质节流阀进口，混合工质节流阀出口连接换热器冷端进口，换热器热端出口连接氮液化主换热器冷端进口。
作为优选:所述氮液化主换热器的热端进口连接空分氮气抽口，所述氮液化主换热器冷端出口汽化LNG与换热器冷端出口汽化LNG汇流后连接NG供给管网，所述氮液化主换热器热端出口连接氮液化主换热器热端进口，所述主换热器冷端进口连接液氮过冷换热器冷端出口，所述主换热器冷端出口连接氮气用户管网。
作为优选:所述主换热器热端的进口连接氮气压缩机出口，主换热器热端出口连接换热器热端进口。主换热器冷端进口连接换热器冷端出口，主换热器冷端出口连接三通阀进口。主换热器冷端进口连接换热器冷端出口，主换热器冷端出口连接三通阀进口。
作为优选:所述主换热器热端进口连接氮气压缩机出口，主换热器热端出口连接氮气压缩机进口，氮气压缩机出口连接主换热器热端进口，主换热器热端出口连接三通阀进口，三通阀出口连接氮气压缩机进口。主换热器热端出口连接三通阀进口，三通阀出口连接氮气压缩机进口。
作为优选:所述换热器热端出口分别连接液氮节流阀进口、液氮节流阀进口。液氮节流阀出口连接换热器冷端进口，所述换热器冷端进口连接液氮储罐氮气出口。
作为优选:所述液氮节流阀的出口连接液氮储罐液氮进口，液氮储罐液氮出口连接液氮过冷换热器的热端进口，液氮储罐液氮出口连接液氮截止阀进口，液氮截止阀出口连接空分设备液氮进口。
作为优选:所述液氮过冷换热器的热端出口连接分流阀的进口，分流阀的出口分别连接液氮产品出口、液氮节流阀的进口，所述液氮节流阀的出口连接液氮过冷换热器冷端进口。
本发明一种利用LNG冷能和混合制冷工质循环的生产液氮的空分节能设备，充分回收LNG汽化废弃冷量，用来生产液氮和降低空分设备能耗。本发明充分利用LNG汽化产生的废弃冷量，以混合制冷工质过冷LNG，然后LNG汽化冷量液化空分氮气。液化后部分氮气作为产品输出，部分作为空分设备冷源，冷却高压空气，降低空分设备能耗同时省去了空气膨胀机，提高了空分设备运行稳定性和可靠性。
附图说明
图1为本发明构成示意图。
具体实施方式
下面将结合附图对本发明作详细的介绍：如 图1所示为本发明一种利用LNG冷能和混合制冷工质循环的生产液氮的空分节能设备构成示意图，图中各序号所示组成部分的明晰如下：
1、氮液化主换热器，2（3、4）、氮气压缩机，5（6）、液氮节流阀，7、换热器，8（9）、三通阀，9，10、液氮储罐，11、混合工质压缩机，12、LNG截止阀，13、换热器，14、换热器，15、混合工质节流阀，16、分流阀，17、液氮节流阀，18、液氮过冷换热器，19、液氮截止阀，20、空分氮气，21、出氮液化主换热器1空分氮气，22、空分氮气，23、21和22汇流氮气，24、出氮液化主换热器1热端氮气，25、出换热器7冷端氮气，26、出氮液化主换热器1冷端氮气，27、24和26汇流氮气，28、出压缩机2氮气，29、出氮液化主换热器1热端氮气，30、出压缩机3氮气，31、出氮液化主换热器1热端氮气，32、出氮液化主换热器1冷端氮气，33、出换热器7冷端氮气，34、8和32汇流氮气，35、出压缩机4氮气，36、出氮液化主换热器热1端氮气，37、出换热器7热端液氮，38、做冷源液氮，39、进液氮储槽10液氮，40、进液氮过冷换热器18热端液氮，41、回空分液氮，42、出液氮过冷换热器18热端过冷液氮，43、反流液氮，44、进液氮过冷换热器18冷端液氮，45、出液氮过冷换热器18冷端液氮，46、出氮液化主换热器1热端氮气，47，来自储槽LNG，48、进换热器13冷端LNG，49、进换热器14热端LNG，50、出换热器14热端LNG，51、出氮液化主换热器1热端NG，52、出换热器13冷端NG，53、51和52汇流NG，54、混合工质压缩机，55、高压混合工质，56、出换热器15热端混合工质，57、节流混合工质，58、出液氮储槽10冷氮气。
如图1所示，本发明一种利用LNG冷能和混合制冷工质循环的生产液氮的空分节能设备，至少由空分氮气液化，产品液氮过冷，LNG冷能和混合制冷工质循环三部分组成。其中空分氮气液化至少包括氮液化主换热器，不同压力等级氮气压缩机，高压氮气节流阀，液氮储罐；产品液氮过冷至少包括液氮过冷换热器，液氮节流阀，液氮三通阀；LNG冷能和混合制冷工质循环至少包括LNG供给截止阀，混合工质压缩机，混合工质节流阀，LNG和混合工质换热器。
本发明利用LNG废气冷量实现氮气液化，液化氮气一部分作为产品输出，一部分作为空分设备冷源，省去了空气膨胀机。本发明在充分利用LNG废气冷量生产液氮同时，降低了空分能耗和运营成本。
本发明设备启动前，所有阀门均关闭。设备启动前期，空分氮气20部分通过氮液化主换热器1热端，余下空分氮气22则与氮液化主换热器1热端出口氮气汇流，通入氮液化主换热器1热端进口。
进一步，氮液化主换热器1热端出口氮气24通过三通阀9进入氮气压缩机2，压缩后氮气28进入氮液化主换热器1热端进口；氮液化主换热器1热端出口氮气29进入氮气压缩机3，压缩后氮气30进入氮液化主换热器1热端进口；氮液化主换热器1热端出口氮气31通过三通阀8进入氮气压缩机4，压缩后氮气35进入氮液化主换热器1热端进口。
进一步，氮液化主换热器1热端出口氮气36进入换热器7热端进口。节流阀5全开，换热器7热端出口氮气37进入液氮储槽10。打开阀门19，氮气回空分设备。
空分氮气流路打通后，开始启动LNG冷能利用和混合工质制冷循环。启动混合工质压缩机11，高压混合工质55进入换热器13热端进口，换热器13热端出口连接换热器14热端进口，换热器14热端出口混合工质56经过节流阀15节流后成为低压低温混合工质57，进入换热器14冷端进口。换热器14冷端出口连接换热器13冷端进口，换热器13冷端出口连接混合工质压缩机11进口。
进一步，混合工质循环稳定后，逐步打开截止阀12，LNG47进入混合工质和制冷循环系统。储槽LNG分为两路：一路LNG48进入换热器13冷端进口，用来预冷高压混合工质，换热器13冷端出口NG52供给管网；另一路LNG49进入换热器14热端进口，换热器14热端出口LNG进入氮液化主换热器1冷端进口，氮液化主换热器1冷端出口NG51与52汇流（53），供给管网。
进一步，换热器14热端出口LNG为过冷LNG，进入氮液化主换热器1冷端，用来冷却高压氮气，随着LNG供应量的逐步增加，供给给氮液化主换热器1的冷量相应逐步增加，高压氮气温度下降，逐步关小节流阀5，阀后低压氮39出现液化。
进一步，逐步打开节流阀6，换热器7热端出口氮气37部分经过节流降温后返流换热器7（进入换热器7冷端入口），为换热器7提供部分冷量。节流降温后氮39进入液氮储槽10，液氮在底部积聚，冷氮气58进入换热器7冷端入口。换热器7冷端出口氮气25进入氮液化主换热器1冷端进口，氮液化主换热器1冷端进出口氮气26 通过三通阀9与出氮液化主换热器1热端氮气24汇流（27），进入氮气压缩机2。
换热器7热端出口氮气37部分经过节流降温后返流换热器7，为高压氮降温提供冷量。换热器7冷端出口氮气33进入氮液化主换热器1冷端进口，氮液化主换热器1冷端出口氮气32通过三通阀8与氮液化主换热器1热端出口氮气31汇流（34），进入氮气压缩机4。
随着系统逐步进入热负荷平衡，本发明装置开始稳定生产常压液氮，部分液氮作为产品输出，部分液氮则作为空分设备冷源，液化高压空气，大幅降低了空分设备能耗。
本发明一种利用LNG冷能和混合制冷工质循环的生产液氮的空分节能设备，充分回收LNG汽化废弃冷量，用来生产液氮和降低空分设备能耗。本发明充分利用LNG汽化产生的废弃冷量，以混合制冷工质过冷LNG，然后LNG汽化冷量液化空分氮气。液化后部分氮气作为产品输出，部分作为空分设备冷源，冷却高压空气，降低空分设备能耗同时省去了空气膨胀机，提高了空分设备运行稳定性和可靠性。

Claims (4)

1.一种利用LNG冷能和混合制冷工质循环的生产液氮的空分节能装置，它由空分氮气液化，产品液氮过冷，LNG冷能和混合制冷工质循环三部分组成，其特征在于所述空分氮气液化包括氮液化主换热器，不同压力等级氮气压缩机，高压氮气节流阀，液氮储罐；所述产品液氮过冷至少包括液氮过冷换热器，液氮节流阀，液氮三通阀；所述LNG冷能和混合制冷工质循环包括LNG截止阀，混合工质压缩机，混合工质节流阀，LNG和混合工质换热器；
所述LNG截止阀（12）进口连接LNG储罐，其出口分别接第一换热器（13）第一冷端的进口、第二换热器（14）第一热端进口，所述第一换热器（13）第一冷端的出口连接用户NG管网，第一换热器（13）第二冷端的进口连接第二换热器（14）冷端的出口，第一换热器（13）第二冷端的出口连接混合工质压缩机（11）进口，所述第一换热器（13）热端的进口连接混合工质压缩机（11）的出口，第一换热器（13）热端出口连接第二换热器（14）第二热端进口, 第二换热器（14）第二热端出口连接混合工质节流阀（15）进口，混合工质节流阀（15）出口连接第二换热器（14）冷端进口，第二换热器（14）第一热端出口连接氮液化主换热器（1）第一冷端进口；
所述氮液化主换热器（1）的第一热端进口连接空分氮气出口，所述氮液化主换热器（1）冷端出口汽化LNG（51）与第一换热器（13）第一冷端出口汽化LNG（52）汇流后连接NG供给管网，所述氮液化主换热器（1）第一热端出口连接氮液化主换热器（1）第一热端进口，所述氮液化主换热器（1）第二冷端进口连接液氮过冷换热器（18）冷端出口，所述氮液化主换热器（1）第二冷端出口连接氮气用户管网；
所述氮液化主换热器（1）第二热端的进口连接氮气压缩机A（4）出口，氮液化主换热器（1）第二热端出口连接第三换热器（7）热端进口, 氮液化主换热器（1）第三冷端进口连接第三换热器（7）第一冷端出口，氮液化主换热器（1）第三冷端出口连接一级三通阀（8）第一进口，氮液化主换热器（1）冷端出口连接二级三通阀（9）第一进口；
所述第三换热器（7）热端出口分别连接第一液氮节流阀（5）进口、第二液氮节流阀（6）进口, 第二液氮节流阀（6）出口连接第三换热器（7）第二冷端进口，所述第三换热器（7）第一冷端进口连接液氮储罐（10）氮气出口，液化后部分氮气作为产品输出，部分作为空分设备冷源，冷却高压空气。
2.根据权利要求1所述的利用LNG冷能和混合制冷工质循环的生产液氮的空分节能装置，其特征在于所述氮液化主换热器（1）第三热端进口连接氮气压缩机B（2）出口，氮液化主换热器（1）第三热端出口连接氮气压缩机C（3）进口，氮气压缩机C（3）出口连接氮液化主换热器（1）第四热端进口，氮液化主换热器（1）第四热端出口连接一级三通阀（8）第二进口，一级三通阀（8）出口连接氮气压缩机A（4）进口, 氮液化主换热器（1）第五热端出口连接二级三通阀（9）第二进口，二级三通阀（9）第二出口连接氮气压缩机B（2）进口。
3.根据权利要求1所述的利用LNG冷能和混合制冷工质循环的生产液氮的空分节能装置，其特征在于所述第一液氮节流阀（5）的出口连接液氮储罐（10）液氮进口，液氮储罐（10）液氮出口连接液氮过冷换热器（18）的热端进口，液氮储罐（10）液氮出口连接液氮截止阀（19）进口，液氮截止阀（19）出口连接空分设备液氮进口。
4.根据权利要求3所述的利用LNG冷能和混合制冷工质循环的生产液氮的空分节能装置，其特征在于所述液氮过冷换热器（18）的热端出口连接分流阀（16）的进口，分流阀（16）的出口分别连接液氮产品出口、第三液氮节流阀（17）的进口，所述第三液氮节流阀（17）的出口连接液氮过冷换热器（18）冷端进口。
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