CN218736005U

CN218736005U - Small-size cassava harvester

Info

Publication number: CN218736005U
Application number: CN202222495706.2U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 栾树栋; 朱鹏程; 姜丽军; 尹红霞; 张红; 甘绍模
Original assignee: Yantai Nanshan University
Current assignee: Yantai Nanshan University
Priority date: 2022-09-21
Filing date: 2022-09-21
Publication date: 2023-03-28
Anticipated expiration: 2032-09-21

Abstract

The utility model relates to agricultural machinery, in particular to a small cassava harvester, which comprises a small four-wheel tractor providing traction force and a hydraulic station, and a harvester main body dragged by the small four-wheel tractor, wherein the harvester main body comprises a chassis with a rectangular outline, the front end of the chassis is fixedly provided with 2 traction longitudinal rods and a plurality of parallel rake teeth, the rear end of the chassis is provided with 2 walking wheels in a rotating way, each rake tooth is in the shape of a winding curve rod, and the front end of each rake tooth is sharp; the upper inclination angle of the traction longitudinal rods and the ground is 20-30 degrees, the free ends of 2 traction longitudinal rods are fixedly connected with traction transverse rods, and the middle parts of the traction transverse rods are connected with traction pins of the small four-wheel tractor in a switching way; the downward inclination angle between the connecting line of the front end and the rear end of the rake teeth and the ground is minus 20-minus 30 degrees. Compared with the prior art, the utility model discloses can conveniently turn over the cassava from soil, compare in traditional curved surface pears, can reduce the resistance that soil brought and to the damage of cassava root tuber.

Description

Small-size cassava harvester

Technical Field

The utility model relates to agricultural machinery, in particular to a small cassava harvester.

Background

The utility model discloses a chinese utility model patent of publication number CN103782708a discloses a vibration is dug and is pulled out formula cassava harvester, includes frame, mounted frame, root of a tuber pull-out device, digger blade and electric hydraulic control device. The frame consists of a beam frame, an inclined rail group, a fixed platform and a rear support wheel, wherein the inclined rail group and the fixed platform are welded on the beam frame, the rear support wheel is arranged on a rear support wheel shaft of the beam frame through a bearing, the frame is hinged with the suspension bracket, and the longitudinal displacement of the frame relative to the suspension bracket is limited by a steel chain; the root block pulling device consists of a gear rack mechanism, a moving platform mechanism, a vibration mechanism and a clamping mechanism, and is arranged on the rack; the digging shovel consists of a subsoiler and a shovel post and is fixed below a lower rod of the suspension bracket by a bolt; the electrohydraulic control device consists of sensor, monochip computer, A/D, electrohydraulic servo valve and D/A, and controls the rotation speed and law of the hydraulic motor and the motion of the oil cylinder. The whole tractor is connected with the tractor suspension device in three points through the suspension bracket. However, the digging shovel of the utility model is equivalent to a curved plow, has larger width, is easy to damage cassava roots, and simultaneously, the utility model needs to cut off the cassava stalks in advance and keep the length of 20-40cm, thus wasting manpower and material resources; and the clamp group can carry out the next clamping action after clamping the dug cassava roots, moving upwards along the inclined rail and returning, so that the operation process is in an intermittent state, and continuous operation cannot be realized.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

In order to overcome one of the defects or shortcomings of the prior art, the utility model discloses a small-size cassava harvester, the technical scheme who adopts is:

a small cassava harvester comprises a small four-wheel tractor providing traction force and a hydraulic station, and a harvester main body dragged by the small four-wheel tractor, wherein the harvester main body is different from the prior art in that the harvester main body comprises a chassis with a rectangular outline, 2 traction longitudinal rods and a plurality of parallel rake teeth are fixedly arranged at the front end of the chassis, 2 walking wheels are rotatably arranged at the rear end of the chassis, each rake tooth is in the shape of an upper chord curved rod, and the front end of each rake tooth is tapered; the upper inclination angle of the traction longitudinal rods and the ground is 20-30 degrees, the free ends of 2 traction longitudinal rods are fixedly connected with traction cross rods, and the middle parts of the traction cross rods are connected with traction pins of the small four-wheel tractor in a switching way; the downward inclination angle between the connecting line of the front end and the rear end of the rake teeth and the ground is minus 20-minus 30 degrees.

Further, still include that the straw is held together and is pulled out the mechanism, the straw is held together and is pulled out the mechanism including setting firmly at the frame front end and drawing the dead lever with 2 of drawing the vertical pole quadrature respectively, every draws 1 cylinder body of drawing the hydro-cylinder of rigid coupling respectively on the dead lever, 2 cylinder pole rigid couplings of drawing the hydro-cylinder draw the movable rod, draw the movable rod middle part and set firmly and draw the fixed plate, draw the cylinder body that the stroke was held together and embrace the hydro-cylinder for the upper and lower direction on the fixed plate, 2 one ends on the long limit of 2 of group parallelogram link mechanism articulate respectively on holding together the fixed plate below the hydro-cylinder, 2 other ends on the long limit of 2 of group parallelogram link mechanism articulate the clamping jaw respectively, the one end of the inboard long limit of 2 of group parallelogram link mechanism articulates respectively, the other end of actuating lever all articulates with the cylinder pole of drawing the hydro-cylinder.

The straw clamping and conveying mechanism comprises 2 rear vertical rods and 2 inclined supporting rods fixedly connected with the rear end of the underframe, the upper ends of the 2 rear vertical rods and the 2 inclined supporting rods are fixedly connected with a rear cross rod and a front cross rod respectively, the rear cross rod and the front cross rod are fixedly connected with 2 longitudinal beams arranged at intervals respectively, two ends of each longitudinal beam are rotatably provided with a driving conveying belt pulley and a driven conveying belt pulley respectively, the outer sides of the two ends close to each longitudinal beam are rotatably provided with steering wheels respectively, the inner side of each longitudinal beam is fixedly connected with longitudinal auxiliary beams parallel to the longitudinal auxiliary beams respectively, the inner side of each longitudinal auxiliary beam is hinged with the middle parts of a plurality of levers respectively, one end of each lever is rotatably provided with a tension wheel, the other end of each lever is connected with one end of a tension spring, and the other end of each tension spring is connected with the longitudinal auxiliary beam; 2 endless conveying belts are respectively wound on the driving conveying belt pulley, the steering wheel, the driven conveying belt pulley and the plurality of tension pulleys, and inner layers of the 2 endless conveying belts are mutually abutted; the rear ends close to the 2 longitudinal beams are fixedly connected with a fixed cross beam, the middle part of the fixed cross beam is fixedly connected with a speed reducer, an output shaft of the speed reducer is fixedly connected with a driving belt pulley, and an input shaft of the speed reducer is fixedly connected with an output shaft of a hydraulic motor; the rear ends of the 2 longitudinal auxiliary beams are rotatably provided with a driving shaft, two ends of the driving shaft are respectively fixedly provided with a horizontal axial bevel gear, the middle part of the driving shaft is fixedly provided with a driven driving belt pulley, and an endless driving belt is wound on the driven driving belt pulley and the driving belt pulley; the rotating shafts of the 2 driving conveying belt pulleys are fixedly connected with vertical axial bevel gears respectively, and the 2 vertical axial bevel gears are meshed with the 2 horizontal axial bevel gears respectively.

Furthermore, the front end of a part of levers close to the front end of the longitudinal beam is rotatably provided with a tension wheel, the rear end of the part of levers close to the rear end of the longitudinal beam is rotatably provided with one end of a tension spring, and the front end of the part of levers close to the rear end of the longitudinal beam is rotatably provided with a tension wheel.

Compared with the prior art, the utility model discloses innovatively adopt to be last quarter curved bar form, the rake teeth that the front end point contracts, the downtilt angle of rake teeth and ground is between minus 20-minus 30 degrees simultaneously, can conveniently turn over the cassava from soil, compares in traditional curved surface pears, can reduce the resistance that soil brought and the damage to the cassava root tuber.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of the harvester main body of the utility model.

Fig. 3 is a front view of fig. 2.

Fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of the straw gathering and pulling mechanism of the utility model.

Fig. 5 is a schematic structural view of the straw clamping and conveying mechanism of the present invention.

Fig. 6 is a partially enlarged view of fig. 5.

Detailed Description

In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplification of description, but do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; the two elements may be connected mechanically or electrically, directly or indirectly through an intermediate medium, or through a communication between the two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood as a specific case by those skilled in the art.

The present invention is described in detail with reference to the specific embodiments, and other advantages and effects of the present invention will be apparent to those skilled in the art from the disclosure herein. Based on the embodiments in the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by a person skilled in the art without creative work belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

The small cassava harvester comprises a small four-wheel tractor 100 providing traction force and a hydraulic station, and a harvester main body 200 pulled by the small four-wheel tractor 100, wherein the harvester main body 200 comprises a bottom frame 201 with a rectangular outline, 2 traction longitudinal rods 204, 10 parallel harrow teeth 202 are fixedly arranged at the front end of the bottom frame 201, 2 walking wheels 203 are rotatably arranged at the rear end of the bottom frame 201, each harrow tooth 202 is in the shape of an upper chord curved rod, and the front end of each harrow tooth is tapered; the upward inclination angle b of the traction longitudinal rods 204 and the ground is 30 degrees, the free ends of 2 traction longitudinal rods 204 are fixedly connected with traction cross rods 206, and the middle parts of the traction cross rods 206 are connected with traction pins of the small four-wheel tractor 100 in a switching way; the downward inclination angle a between the connecting line of the front and rear ends of the rake teeth 202 and the ground is minus 20 degrees.

Still include the straw and hold together and pull out the mechanism, the straw is held together and is pulled dead lever 205 including setting firmly at the frame front end and respectively with 2 of drawing the vertical pole 204 quadrature, every is pulled the cylinder body that 1 drawing hydro-cylinder 207 of rigid coupling respectively on the dead lever 205, 2 cylinder pole rigid coupling that draw hydro-cylinder 207 pull the movable rod 208, pull the movable rod 208 middle part and set firmly and pull fixed plate 209, pull fixed plate 209 and set firmly the stroke and be the cylinder body of holding together and embracing hydro-cylinder 210 of upper and lower direction, 2 one ends on the long limit of 2 of parallelogram link mechanism 211 of 2 groups articulate respectively on holding together the pull fixed plate 209 of hydro-cylinder 210 below, the other end on the long limit of 2 of parallelogram link mechanism 211 of 2 groups articulates the one end of actuating lever 213 respectively in the middle part on the long limit of the inboard of clamping jaw 212,2 group parallelogram link mechanism 211, the other end of actuating lever 213 all articulates with the cylinder pole of drawing hydro-cylinder 207.

The straw clamping and conveying mechanism comprises 2 rear vertical rods 214 and 2 diagonal rods 215,2 fixedly connected with the rear end of the underframe 201, the upper ends of the rear vertical rods 214 and the upper ends of the 2 diagonal rods 215 are fixedly connected with a rear cross rod 216 and a front cross rod 217 respectively, the rear cross rod 216 and the front cross rod 217 are fixedly connected with 2 longitudinal beams 218 arranged at intervals respectively, two ends of each longitudinal beam 218 are rotatably provided with a driving conveying belt pulley 219 and a driven conveying belt pulley 220 respectively, the outer sides of two ends close to each longitudinal beam 218 are rotatably provided with a steering wheel 221 respectively, the inner side of each longitudinal beam 218 is fixedly connected with a longitudinal auxiliary beam 222 parallel to the longitudinal auxiliary beam 218 respectively, the inner side of each longitudinal auxiliary beam 222 is hinged with the middle parts of 6 levers 223 respectively, one end of each lever 223 is rotatably provided with a tension wheel 224, the other end of each lever 223 is connected with one end of a tension spring 225, and the other end of each tension spring 225 is connected with the longitudinal auxiliary beam 222;2 endless conveying belts 226 are wound around the driving conveying pulley 219, the turning pulley 221, the driven conveying pulley 220, and the plurality of tension pulleys 224, respectively, and inner layers of the 2 endless conveying belts 226 are in contact with each other; the rear ends close to the 2 longitudinal beams 218 are fixedly connected with a fixed cross beam 227, the middle part of the fixed cross beam 227 is fixedly connected with a speed reducer 228, the output shaft of the speed reducer 228 is fixedly connected with a driving belt pulley 229, and the input shaft of the speed reducer 228 is fixedly connected with the output shaft of a hydraulic motor 230; a driving shaft 231 is rotatably arranged at the rear end of each of the 2 longitudinal auxiliary beams 222, a horizontal axial bevel gear 232 is fixedly arranged at each of the two ends of the driving shaft 231, a driven driving pulley 233 is fixedly arranged in the middle of the driving shaft 231, and an endless driving belt 234 is wound on the driven driving pulley 233 and the driving pulley 229; the rotating shafts of the 2 driving conveying belt pulleys 219 are fixedly connected with vertical axial bevel gears 235,2, and the vertical axial bevel gears 235 are respectively meshed with the 2 horizontal axial bevel gears 232.

The front ends of the 3 levers 223 close to the front end of the longitudinal beam 218 are rotatably provided with a tension wheel 224, the rear ends are connected with one end of a tension spring 225, and the rear ends of the 3 levers 223 close to the rear end of the longitudinal beam 218 are rotatably provided with a tension wheel 224, and the front ends are connected with one end of a tension spring 225.

One of the characteristics of the parallelogram mechanism is that the opposite rods are always parallel, the angular displacement, the angular velocity and the angular acceleration of the two connecting rods are also always equal, and the other characteristic is that the parallelogram mechanism can play a role in amplifying displacement, the small displacement of the rod of the holding oil cylinder 210 is held, and the holding jaw 212 can realize a large holding range.

The utility model discloses one kind can be towards mountain region hilly land innovatively, present the small-size domestic cassava harvester that the distribution of small size bits formula was used on ploughing, its design size can satisfy small-size peasant household's needs, can go up the mountain region operation, has solved large-scale cassava harvester and has advanced not to go the mountain region and can only the manual work carry out the problem of results. Meanwhile, the design innovatively adopts the rake teeth with a certain curvature to turn the cassava out of the soil, and compared with the traditional curved surface pears, the design can reduce the resistance brought by the soil and the damage of the plough to the cassava.

Meanwhile, the upward inclination angle b of the traction vertical rod 204 and the ground is 30 degrees, and the drawing fixed rod 205 is orthogonal to the traction vertical rod 204, so that the inclination angle of the drawing fixed rod 205 and the vertical direction is 30 degrees, when the clamping jaws hold the cassava straws, an oblique upward drawing force is exerted on the straws, and the potato dropping rate of the cassava straws in the clamping and drawing process can be greatly reduced by matching the turning-out effect of the rake teeth on the cassava roots.

During operation, the harvester main body 200 is pulled by the small four-wheel tractor 100 to move forward, rake teeth are inserted into soil in a downward inclined mode and keep the same depth all the time, cassava is turned out of the soil, meanwhile, a cylinder rod of the holding cylinder 210 moves downward and upward, the clamping jaws 212 are opened and closed, cassava straws are closed to the center and pulled, the cassava straws are clamped by 2 synchronously-operated endless conveying belts 226 and conveyed obliquely upward, the endless conveying belts 226 also exert an upward oblique pulling force on the straws, finally the cassava straws fall from the rear of the harvester main body 200 and fall to the ground to be collected, or directly fall into a carriage of a transport vehicle which follows the rear of the harvester main body 200 to be directly transported away.

The above, only be the concrete implementation of the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art is in the technical scope of the present invention, according to the technical solution of the present invention and the utility model, the concept of which is equivalent to replace or change, should be covered within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A small cassava harvester comprises a small four-wheel tractor (100) providing traction force and a hydraulic station, and a harvester main body (200) pulled by the small four-wheel tractor (100), and is characterized in that the harvester main body (200) comprises a bottom frame (201) with a rectangular outline, the front end of the bottom frame (201) is fixedly provided with 2 traction longitudinal rods (204) and a plurality of parallel rake teeth (202), the rear end is rotatably provided with 2 traveling wheels (203), each rake tooth (202) is in the shape of an upper chord curve rod, and the front end is sharp; the upward inclination angle (b) of each traction longitudinal rod (204) and the ground is 20-30 degrees, the free ends of 2 traction longitudinal rods (204) are fixedly connected with a traction transverse rod (206), and the middle part of the traction transverse rod (206) is connected with a traction pin of the small four-wheel tractor (100) in a switching way; the downward inclination angle (a) between the connecting line of the front end and the rear end of the rake teeth (202) and the ground is minus 20-minus 30 degrees.

2. The small cassava harvester according to claim 1, further comprising a straw pulling mechanism, wherein the straw pulling mechanism comprises 2 pulling fixed rods (205) which are fixedly arranged at the front end of the frame and are respectively orthogonal to the pulling longitudinal rod (204), a cylinder body of 1 pulling cylinder (207) is fixedly connected to each pulling fixed rod (205), a cylinder rod of 2 pulling cylinders (207) is fixedly connected to a pulling movable rod (208), a pulling fixed plate (209) is fixedly arranged in the middle of the pulling movable rod (208), a cylinder body of a holding cylinder (210) with a stroke in the vertical direction is fixedly arranged on the pulling fixed plate (209), one end of 2 long sides of 2 groups of parallelogram link mechanisms (211) is hinged to the pulling fixed plate (209) below the holding cylinder (210), the other end of 2 long sides of 2 groups of parallelogram link mechanisms (211) is hinged to a clamping jaw (212), the middle of the inner long sides of 2 groups of parallelogram link mechanisms (211) is hinged to one end of a clamping jaw (213), and the other end of the pulling cylinder rod (207) is hinged to the pulling cylinder rod.

3. The small cassava harvester according to claim 1, further comprising a straw clamping and conveying mechanism, wherein the straw clamping and conveying mechanism comprises 2 rear vertical rods (214) and 2 diagonal rods (215) fixedly connected with the rear end of the bottom frame (201), the upper ends of the 2 rear vertical rods (214) and the 2 diagonal rods (215) are fixedly connected with a rear cross rod (216) and a front cross rod (217) respectively, the rear cross rod (216) and the front cross rod (217) are fixedly connected with 2 longitudinal beams (218) arranged at intervals respectively, two ends of each longitudinal beam (218) are respectively and rotatably provided with a driving conveying belt pulley (219) and a driven conveying belt pulley (220), the outer sides of two ends close to each longitudinal beam (218) are respectively and rotatably provided with a steering wheel (221), the inner side of each longitudinal beam (218) is fixedly connected with a longitudinal auxiliary beam (222) parallel to the longitudinal auxiliary beam, the inner side of each longitudinal auxiliary beam (222) is respectively and rotatably hinged with the middle parts of a plurality of levers (223), one end of each lever (223) is rotatably provided with a tension wheel (224), the other end of the tension spring (225) is connected with the auxiliary beam (222); 2 endless conveying belts (226) are respectively wound on the driving conveying belt pulley (219), the steering wheel (221), the driven conveying belt pulley (220) and the plurality of tension wheels (224), and inner layers of the 2 endless conveying belts (226) are mutually abutted; the rear ends of the 2 longitudinal beams (218) are close to and fixedly connected with a fixed cross beam (227), the middle part of the fixed cross beam (227) is fixedly connected with a speed reducer (228), an output shaft of the speed reducer (228) is fixedly connected with a driving belt pulley (229), and an input shaft of the speed reducer (228) is fixedly connected with an output shaft of a hydraulic motor (230); a driving shaft (231) is rotatably arranged at the rear end of each of the 2 longitudinal auxiliary beams (222), a horizontal axial bevel gear (232) is fixedly arranged at each of the two ends of the driving shaft (231), a driven driving belt pulley (233) is fixedly arranged in the middle of the driving shaft, and an endless driving belt (234) is wound on the driven driving belt pulley (233) and the driving belt pulley (229); the rotating shafts of the 2 driving conveying belt pulleys (219) are fixedly connected with vertical axial bevel gears (235) respectively, and the 2 vertical axial bevel gears (235) are meshed with the 2 horizontal axial bevel gears (232) respectively.

4. A harvester according to claim 3, characterized in that a part of the lever (223) near the front end of the longitudinal beam (218) is provided with a tension wheel (224) at the front end and a tension spring (225) at the rear end, and a part of the lever (223) near the rear end of the longitudinal beam (218) is provided with a tension wheel (224) at the rear end and a tension spring (225) at the front end.