CN218710040U - Ammonia gas recycle's good oxygen composting device - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses an ammonia recycle's good oxygen compost device. The device consists of an aerobic composting bin, an ammonia gas absorption tank, a nitrogen fertilizer manufacturing box and a percolate collecting tank. The aerobic composting bin is sequentially provided with a water vapor condensation area, a composting stirring area and a percolate collecting area from top to bottom. The top of the aerobic composting bin is an inclined plane and can condense water vapor generated in the composting process; the ammonia absorption tank is used as a place for absorbing ammonia and reacting ammonia with carbon dioxide; the nitrogen fertilizer manufacturing box can be heated, so that carbon dioxide can be provided for nitrogen fertilizer manufacturing, and ammonium bicarbonate particles can be obtained; stirring and supplying oxygen in a compost stirring area; the bottom of the aerobic composting bin is divided into percolate collecting areas by percolate mesh gauze and grid partition plates, and the percolate collecting areas are provided with slopes for draining percolate and performing recovery post-treatment. The reactor can realize the recycling of ammonia gas volatilized in the composting process, saves the cost, is simple and convenient to operate, can improve the quality of composting products, and has better prospect in the treatment and the disposal of livestock and poultry manure in rural areas.

Description

Ammonia gas recycle's good oxygen composting device

Technical Field

The utility model relates to an ammonia recycle technical field especially relates to an ammonia recycle's good oxygen compost device.

Background

In recent years, livestock farms develop in large scale, and a large amount of untreated excrement is discharged, so that the health of people and livestock is harmed, and the environment is seriously affected. The aerobic compost can degrade organic matters in the livestock and poultry manure into stable humus by utilizing the metabolism of microorganisms, and convert the livestock and poultry manure into organic fertilizer, thereby realizing the resource utilization of the livestock and poultry manure. However, the nitrogen content of the livestock and poultry manure is generally high, and the decomposition of macromolecular substances such as protein and the like generates ammonia, so that the pH of a stack is increased, a large amount of ammonia gas is released, and the nitrogen loss is caused while the stink is generated. The tail gas treatment process of the existing aerobic composting reactor is complicated, the structure of the device is complicated, the treatment cost is improved, the volatile ammonia gas cannot be reused, the nitrogen content in the composting product is not high, and the wide application of the aerobic composting device is limited.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

The utility model aims to simplify the tail gas treatment system of the aerobic composting device and improve the quality of composting products. The ammonia gas is absorbed by the condensed water vapor in the composting system, so that the production cost of the aerobic composting device is reduced, the operation process of the composting device is simplified, the volatilized ammonia gas can be recycled, and the nitrogen content in the composting product is improved.

The utility model provides an ammonia recycle's good oxygen compost device, make case and filtration liquid collecting pit including good oxygen compost storehouse, ammonia absorption tank, nitrogenous fertilizer.

The inner cavity of the aerobic composting bin is sequentially provided with a steam condensation area, a composting stirring area and a percolate collecting area from top to bottom; the top of the steam condensation area is inclined and is provided with a feed inlet which can be opened and closed, and the bottom of the steam condensation area is provided with a condensate water collecting groove along the circumferential direction of the inner wall of the aerobic composting bin; an aeration stirring device is arranged in the compost stirring area, a discharge port is formed in the side wall of the lower part of the compost stirring area, and a percolate filtering device is covered at the bottom of the compost stirring area; the bottom of the percolate collecting region is provided with an inclined plane for guiding percolate, and the lowest part of the inclined plane is externally connected with a percolate collecting tank through a percolate water outlet.

A condensed water inlet formed in the side surface of the ammonia absorption pool is connected with a condensed water collecting groove of the aerobic composting bin through a first conduit, an ammonia gas inlet formed in the top is communicated with an ammonia gas outlet formed in the top of the aerobic composting bin through a second conduit, and an absorption liquid outlet formed in the bottom is externally connected with a third conduit with a valve; the nitrogen fertilizer manufacturing box is of a flip-open hollow cavity structure, the top of the nitrogen fertilizer manufacturing box is provided with a groove-shaped flip-open cover, and the liquid outlet end of the third guide pipe is positioned above the flip-open cover; the nitrogen fertilizer manufacturing box is provided with a heating device, and a carbon dioxide gas outlet arranged on the side wall is communicated with a carbon dioxide gas inlet arranged on the top of the ammonia gas absorption tank through a fourth conduit.

Preferably, the inclined angle of the top inclined plane of the water vapor condensation zone is 15-20 degrees, and tin foil paper for water vapor condensation is adhered to the inner wall of the top of the aerobic composting bin in the water vapor condensation zone.

Preferably, the inner wall of the aerobic composting bin is made of heat-insulating materials, and the outer wall of the aerobic composting bin is made of heat-insulating materials.

Preferably, the inclined angle of the bottom inclined plane of the percolate collecting region is 15-20 degrees.

Preferably, one end of each of the second conduit and the fourth conduit is arranged close to the bottom of the ammonia absorption tank, so that the end of each conduit can be submerged into the surface of the condensate water.

Preferably, a sealing strip is arranged between the turnover cover and the nitrogen fertilizer manufacturing box main body and is used for sealing the inner cavity of the nitrogen fertilizer manufacturing box; the turning cover is provided with a handle for adding sodium bicarbonate solid into the nitrogen fertilizer manufacturing box.

Preferably, the percolate filtering device comprises percolate gauze and a grid clapboard; the percolate mesh gauze is attached and laid on the grid partition plate, and the aperture is smaller than the particle size of the compost particles.

Preferably, the aeration stirring device comprises a hollow shaft which traverses the aerobic composting bin; the hollow shaft is externally connected with a motor and an aeration fan, and a plurality of air outlets and a plurality of stirring blades are uniformly distributed on the hollow shaft.

Preferably, the stirring blades are in a sickle shape and are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the hollow shaft.

Preferably, the aeration fan controls the aeration frequency through a relay, and a rotor flow meter is arranged between the hollow shaft and the aeration fan.

Compared with the prior art, the utility model, following beneficial effect has:

(1) The water vapor generated in the aerobic composting process is condensed to be used as ammonia gas absorption liquid, so that the water content of the compost can be fully taken away, the water content of the compost is reduced, no external chemical substance is required to be added to be used as an ammonia gas absorbent, and the cost can be reduced.

(2) The water vapor is collected by slope condensation, the structure is simple, and the operation is simple and convenient; the reactor body aeration is utilized to take the ammonia out of the reactor, an air extractor is not needed, and the energy can be effectively saved.

(3) Carbon dioxide is generated by heating sodium bicarbonate, and the carbon dioxide is introduced into ammonia-containing waste liquid to generate ammonium bicarbonate; the waste heat is utilized to evaporate the ammonia-containing waste liquid to obtain ammonium bicarbonate crystals, and the ammonium bicarbonate crystals are added into compost products, so that ammonia gas volatilized in the aerobic composting process can be effectively recovered, and the product quality is improved.

To sum up, the utility model discloses an ammonia recycle's good oxygen compost reactor, not only can make full use of heap body self produce the steam, practice thrift the running cost, can absorb ammonia and resource utilization ammonia again, avoid the foul smell to the secondary pollution of environment, improve the quality of compost product, be fit for the sustainable animal manure treatment device who uses widely on a large scale in rural area.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of an aerobic composting apparatus for ammonia gas recycling;

FIG. 2 is a sectional view of an aerobic composting apparatus for ammonia gas recovery;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a specific structure of an ammonia absorption tank;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view showing the specific structure of a nitrogen fertilizer production tank;

in the figure: the device comprises an aerobic composting bin 1, an ammonia outlet 1-1, a condensed water inlet 1-2, a percolate water outlet 1-3, an ammonia absorption pool 2, an ammonia gas inlet 2-1, a carbon dioxide gas inlet 2-2, an absorption liquid outlet 2-3, a nitrogen fertilizer manufacturing box 3, a motor 4, an aeration fan 5, a condensed water collection groove 6, a percolate collection pool 7, a hollow shaft 8, stirring blades 9, percolate mesh gauze 10, a mesh partition plate 11, an inclined plane 12, a valve 13, a flip cover 14, a handle 15, a carbon dioxide gas outlet 16, a discharge hole 17, a feed inlet 18, a rotor flowmeter 19 and tinfoil paper 20.

Detailed Description

The invention will be further elucidated and described with reference to the drawings and embodiments. The utility model discloses in the technical characteristics of each embodiment under the prerequisite that does not conflict each other, all can carry out corresponding combination.

As shown in fig. 1 and 2, in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, there is provided an ammonia recycling aerobic composting apparatus, which mainly comprises an aerobic composting bin, an ammonia absorption tank, a nitrogen fertilizer manufacturing box and a leachate collecting tank, wherein the aerobic composting bin is used for aerobic composting, the ammonia absorption tank and the nitrogen fertilizer manufacturing box are used for ammonia recycling, and the leachate collecting tank is used for leachate collection for subsequent treatment. The detailed structure and connection mode of the aerobic composting bin, the ammonia absorption tank, the nitrogen fertilizer manufacturing box and the percolate collecting tank are described in detail below.

The inner cavity of the aerobic composting bin 1 can be divided into a water vapor condensation area, a composting stirring area and a percolate collecting area according to different functions. The top of the aerobic composting bin 1 is a water vapor condensation area which is used for condensing and collecting water vapor generated in the composting process. Specifically, the top of the water vapor condensation area is of an inclined structure, so that condensed water flows down along the side wall. In the embodiment, the inclined angle of the top inclined plane of the water vapor condensation zone is 15-20 degrees, and the inclined angle is preferably 20 degrees; in order to make the condensation effect of the water vapor on the top better, the tin foil paper 20 can be pasted on the inner wall of the top, and of course, other condensation materials can be pasted according to actual needs. The top of the aerobic composting bin 1 is provided with a feeding hole 18, and the feeding hole 18 is designed to be of an openable and closable structure so as to facilitate heat preservation and composting reaction inside the aerobic composting bin 1. In this embodiment, the feed inlet 18 is a flip structure with a handle, and the feed inlet can be opened by the flip structure with the handle to add materials into the bin; the edge of the opening of the flip cover is provided with a sealing ring so as to be conveniently connected with the main body part of the aerobic composting bin 1 in a sealing way when the flip cover is closed. In order to ensure that the composting effect of the aerobic composting bin 1 is better, the outer wall of the composting bin can be made of heat insulation materials, and the inner wall of the composting bin is made of heat insulation materials. The bottom of vapor condensation zone is equipped with the comdenstion water and collects recess 6, and the comdenstion water is collected recess 6 and can be set up the round or many circles along the inner wall circumference of good oxygen compost storehouse 1, and should have a certain distance with the top inclined plane to make the abundant condensation of vapor, with the better comdenstion water that the collection flows down along the lateral wall.

The middle part in compost stirring district is provided with the aeration agitating unit who is used for carrying out the aeration stirring to the material, and the bottom covers there is filtration liquid filter equipment. In this embodiment, the aeration stirring device mainly comprises a hollow shaft 8, the hollow shaft 8 is provided with stirring blades 9, the hollow shaft 8 is made of stainless steel for avoiding corrosion, and the hollow shaft 8 traverses the aerobic composting bin 1, so as to perform more sufficient aeration stirring on the materials. The stirring blades 9 can adopt sickle-shaped structures, and two blades are oppositely arranged at an included angle of 180 degrees. One end of the hollow shaft 8 is connected with the motor 4, and the motor 4 is started to drive the blades on the shaft to rotate when the pile needs to be turned; the other end of the aeration fan passes through the wall of the compost bin to be connected with an aeration fan 5, the aeration frequency of the aeration fan 5 is controlled by a relay, and a rotor flow meter 19 is arranged between an aeration port of the fan and a rotating shaft to control the aeration quantity. The hollow shaft 8 is evenly provided with air outlets which can evenly distribute air and ensure that each position of the stack body can fully supply oxygen. A discharge port 17 is formed in the side wall close to the bottom of the compost stirring area, a discharge port turnover cover can be opened through a handle, and the turnover cover and the bin body are connected through a sealing strip to guarantee sealing performance. In this embodiment, the percolate filtering device mainly comprises percolate gauze and a grid partition, the percolate gauze is attached to and laid on the grid partition, and the grid partition 11 plays a role in supporting the stack; the pore size of the percolate gauze should be smaller than the compost particle size so as to avoid the loss of compost particles. The filtration liquid filter equipment can separate compost stirring area and filtration liquid collecting region, and the compost stirring area is used for the material to become thoroughly decomposed, and the filtration liquid collecting region is used for collecting the filtration liquid that the compost process produced.

The bottom of the percolate collecting region is provided with an inclined plane for guiding percolate, the inclined plane 12 has an inclination angle of 15-20 degrees, preferably 20 degrees, and the percolate is guided. The lowest part of the inclined plane is provided with a percolate water outlet 1-3, and the percolate water outlet 1-3 is externally connected with a percolate collecting tank 7 through a guide pipe, so that secondary pollution caused by percolate is avoided.

As shown in fig. 3, the ammonia absorption tank 2 is a closed hollow cavity, and the bottom is an inclined plane. The side surface of the ammonia absorption pool 2 is provided with a condensed water inlet 1-2, and the condensed water inlet 1-2 is connected with a condensed water collecting groove 6 of the aerobic composting bin 1 through a first conduit. The top of the ammonia absorption pool 2 is provided with an ammonia gas inlet 2-1 and a carbon dioxide gas inlet 2-2, the ammonia gas inlet 2-1 is communicated with an ammonia gas outlet 1-1 arranged at the top of the aerobic composting bin 1 through a second conduit, and the carbon dioxide gas inlet 2-2 is communicated with a carbon dioxide gas outlet arranged on the side wall of the nitrogen fertilizer manufacturing box 3 through a fourth conduit. An absorption liquid outlet 2-3 is arranged at the lowest point of the inclined plane at the bottom of the ammonia absorption pool 2, and the absorption liquid outlet 2-3 is externally connected with a third conduit with a valve 13. In practical application, the valve 13 is kept closed during the whole composting process, and when the composting process and the carbon dioxide aeration process are finished, the valve 13 is opened, so that the liquid in the absorption pool 2 flows into a turnover cover 14 at the top of the nitrogen fertilizer manufacturing box 3.

As shown in figure 4, the nitrogen fertilizer manufacturing box 3 is of a flip-open hollow cavity structure, the top of the nitrogen fertilizer manufacturing box is provided with a groove-shaped flip 14, and the liquid outlet end of the third conduit is positioned above the flip. The flip 14 is used for receiving liquid led out from the water outlet of the ammonia absorption tank 2, has larger surface area, is beneficial to evaporating moisture and obtaining dry ammonium bicarbonate nitrogen fertilizer. And a sealing strip is arranged between the turnover cover and the main body of the nitrogen fertilizer manufacturing box 3 and is used for sealing the inner cavity of the nitrogen fertilizer manufacturing box 3 and keeping the sealing property. A handle is provided on the flip cover to allow the addition of sodium bicarbonate solids to the nitrogen fertilizer production tank 3 by opening the top flip cover 14. The nitrogen fertilizer manufacturing box 3 is provided with a heating device, the side wall of the nitrogen fertilizer manufacturing box is provided with a carbon dioxide gas outlet 16, and the carbon dioxide gas outlet 16 is communicated with a carbon dioxide gas inlet 2-2 arranged at the top of the ammonia absorption pool 2 through a fourth conduit. One end of the second conduit and one end of the fourth conduit are both arranged close to the bottom of the ammonia absorption pool 2, so that the ends of the conduits can be completely immersed below the liquid level of the condensed water. In the time of practical application, when the compost is finished, open the heating switch, the sodium bicarbonate granule that adds in the nitrogenous fertilizer manufacturing box 3 decomposes and produces carbon dioxide gas, guarantees to let in the excessive back of carbon dioxide in the ammonia absorption tank 2, closes heating device, utilizes waste heat and evaporation to get rid of the moisture of liquid in the flip, obtains ammonium bicarbonate granule.

According to the device, the embodiment provides an aerobic composting method for recycling ammonia gas, which comprises the following specific steps:

(1) Mixing livestock and poultry manure, sawdust, straw and the like to adjust the carbon-nitrogen ratio (C/N), then putting the mixture into the aerobic composting bin 1 from the feeding hole 18 until the height of a compost reaches 1-2 of a condensed water inlet, closing the feeding hole 18, and keeping the composting bin sealed.

(2) In the whole composting process, a valve 13 for keeping the water outlets 2-3 of the absorption liquid closed according to the proportion of 0.15m per cubic meter of the material ³ The aeration quantity of the aeration fan 5 is converted by the ventilation quantity per hour, the aeration quantity of the aeration fan 5 is adjusted by referring to the reading of the rotor flowmeter 19, and the ventilation is stopped for 40min by using the ventilation for 40min as a cycle, and the relay interval cycle aeration is set.

(3) In the composting high-temperature period, a large amount of water vapor is generated, the water vapor rises to the tin foil paper at the top of the aerobic composting bin 1 for condensation, the condensed water flows downwards to a condensed water collecting groove 6 along the inclined plane at the top after condensation, and then the condensed water is led out to an ammonia absorption pool 2 through an opening on the groove. And the ammonia gas rises along with the air flow in the aeration stage, escapes from the ammonia gas outlet 1-1 at the top, enters the ammonia gas absorption tank 2 along the second conduit and is absorbed by the condensate. Almost no water vapor is generated in the temperature reduction period and the decomposition period of the compost, and the generation amount of ammonia is gradually reduced.

(4) And (3) after the composting period is finished, opening a switch of a heating device in the cavity of the nitrogen fertilizer manufacturing box 3, heating the raw material sodium bicarbonate in the cavity at 70 ℃, generating carbon dioxide after the sodium bicarbonate is heated and decomposed, and allowing the carbon dioxide to escape from a carbon dioxide gas outlet 16 along a fourth conduit and enter the ammonia absorption pool 2. After the excessive carbon dioxide is ensured and the ammonia absorption pool 2 is filled with ammonium bicarbonate, the switch of the heating device is closed, the valve 13 is opened, and the liquid in the ammonia absorption pool 2 flows into the turnover cover 14 on the nitrogen fertilizer manufacturing box 3 along the third conduit. Because the turnover cover 14 is groove-shaped and has large surface area, the liquid in the turnover cover of the groove is evaporated by using waste heat, and ammonium bicarbonate solid is obtained by crystallization. The obtained ammonium bicarbonate solid is added into the compost product, so that the quality of the product can be effectively improved. After a period of use, the flip 14 of the nitrogen fertilizer production tank 3 can be opened and the sodium bicarbonate solids in the chamber replaced.

And after composting, performing next harmless treatment on the percolate in the percolate collecting tank 7. And opening a sealing cover of a discharge port 17 at the lower part of the aerobic composting bin 1, and taking out the compost product. Ready for the next batch of compost.

The utility model discloses an aerobic composting device can realize the recycle of the volatile ammonia of compost process, practices thrift the cost, and is easy and simple to handle, can improve compost product quality, has better prospect in rural livestock and poultry fecal treatment deals with the application.

The above-mentioned embodiments are merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but it is not intended to limit the present invention. Various changes and modifications can be made by one of ordinary skill in the pertinent art without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, all the technical schemes obtained by adopting the mode of equivalent replacement or equivalent transformation fall within the protection scope of the utility model.

Claims (10)

1. An aerobic composting device for recycling ammonia gas is characterized by comprising an aerobic composting bin (1), an ammonia gas absorption tank (2), a nitrogen fertilizer manufacturing box (3) and a percolate collecting tank (7);

the inner cavity of the aerobic composting bin (1) is sequentially provided with a water vapor condensation area, a composting stirring area and a percolate collecting area from top to bottom; the top of the water vapor condensation zone is inclined and is provided with a feed inlet (18) which can be opened and closed, and the bottom of the water vapor condensation zone is provided with a condensed water collecting groove (6) along the circumferential direction of the inner wall of the aerobic composting bin (1); an aeration stirring device is arranged in the compost stirring area, a discharge port (17) is formed in the side wall of the lower part of the compost stirring area, and a percolate filtering device covers the bottom of the compost stirring area; the bottom of the percolate collecting region is provided with an inclined plane (12) for guiding percolate, and the lowest part of the inclined plane (12) is externally connected with a percolate collecting tank (7) through a percolate water outlet (1-3);

a condensed water inlet (1-2) formed in the side surface of the ammonia absorption pool (2) is connected with a condensed water collecting groove (6) of the aerobic composting bin (1) through a first conduit, an ammonia gas inlet (2-1) formed in the top is communicated with an ammonia gas outlet (1-1) formed in the top of the aerobic composting bin (1) through a second conduit, and an absorption liquid outlet (2-3) formed in the bottom is externally connected with a third conduit provided with a valve (13); the nitrogen fertilizer manufacturing box (3) is of a flip-type hollow cavity structure, the top of the nitrogen fertilizer manufacturing box is provided with a groove-shaped flip cover (14), and the liquid outlet end of the third guide pipe is positioned above the flip cover (14); the nitrogen fertilizer manufacturing box (3) is provided with a heating device, and a carbon dioxide gas outlet (16) arranged on the side wall is communicated with a carbon dioxide gas inlet (2-2) arranged on the top of the ammonia absorption pool (2) through a fourth conduit.

2. The aerobic composting device for ammonia recovery and utilization as claimed in claim 1, wherein the inclined angle of the top inclined plane of the water vapor condensation zone is 15-20 degrees, and the top inner wall of the aerobic composting bin (1) in the water vapor condensation zone is adhered with tinfoil paper (20) for water vapor condensation.

3. The aerobic composting device for ammonia recovery according to claim 1, wherein the inner wall of the aerobic composting bin (1) is made of heat insulating material, and the outer wall of the aerobic composting bin is made of heat insulating material.

4. An aerobic composting device for ammonia recovery according to claim 1 characterised in that the inclination of the sloping surface (12) at the bottom of the percolate collection zone is between 15 ° and 20 °.

5. An ammonia recycling aerobic composting device as claimed in claim 1 wherein one end of the second and fourth conduits is located close to the bottom of the ammonia absorption tank (2) so that the conduit ends can be submerged in the condensate water level.

6. The aerobic composting device for ammonia recovery and utilization as claimed in claim 1, wherein a sealing strip is arranged between the turning cover (14) and the main body of the nitrogen fertilizer manufacturing box (3) and is used for sealing the inner cavity of the nitrogen fertilizer manufacturing box (3); the turning cover (14) is provided with a handle (15) for adding sodium bicarbonate solid into the nitrogen fertilizer manufacturing box (3).

7. An aerobic composting device for ammonia recovery according to claim 1 characterised in that the percolate filtration device comprises percolate gauze (10) and grid spacers (11); the percolate gauze (10) is attached and laid on the grid partition plate (11), and the aperture is smaller than the particle size of the compost particles.

8. An ammonia recycling aerobic composting device as claimed in claim 1 wherein the aeration agitation means comprises a hollow shaft (8) traversing the aerobic composting bin (1); the hollow shaft (8) is externally connected with a motor (4) and an aeration fan (5), and a plurality of air outlets and a plurality of stirring blades (9) are uniformly distributed on the hollow shaft.

9. An aerobic composting device for ammonia recovery according to claim 8 where the mixing blades (9) are sickle shaped and evenly distributed along the circumference of the hollow shaft (8).

10. An ammonia recycling aerobic composting device as claimed in claim 8 wherein the aeration fan (5) controls the aeration frequency by means of a relay and a rotameter (19) is provided between the hollow shaft (8) and the aeration fan (5).

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