CN2186945Y - Toy planetarium - Google Patents
Toy planetarium Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN2186945Y CN2186945Y CN 93220911 CN93220911U CN2186945Y CN 2186945 Y CN2186945 Y CN 2186945Y CN 93220911 CN93220911 CN 93220911 CN 93220911 U CN93220911 U CN 93220911U CN 2186945 Y CN2186945 Y CN 2186945Y
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- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- sun
- celestial sphere
- moon
- celestial
- toy
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- Expired - Fee Related
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Abstract
The utility model relates to a planetarium which is a device for demonstrating astronomical phenomena and is formed by the combination of a celestial globe marked with constellation patterns, and an electromechanical structure. The utility model has the structure that a transparent celestial sphere is used as a main body; a casing of the celestial sphere is marked with figure patterns such as personalities, animals, etc. of constellations; a power source, a speed reducer and a device presenting the earth, the sun, the moon and the changes of the moon phase are arranged in a light body of the celestial sphere. Under the drive of the power source, the celestial sphere, the sun, the moon and the moon phase rotate and change according to the visual moving law by the transmission of the speed reducer. The utility model can demonstrate the mutual moving law and phenomena among celestial objects in the universe in the form according to the visual sense of people.
Description
The utility model relates to a kind of toy planetarium, and being has the astronomical globe of constellation design to combine with electromechanical structure mark, is used for demonstrating the device of astronomical phenomena.
Arrive modern from ancient times, the instrument of demonstration celestial movement rule and phenomenon has a lot, they play an important role to the development of astronomy, but do not popularize widely in society, its reason, they are many to occur with professional instrument, and exist loosely organized respectively, structure is huge, use complicated, accurate proud weakness such as expensive.
The purpose of this utility model is: overcome the prior art deficiency, providing a kind of designs the main body drive mechanism in the sky spheroid, sphere is marked and drawed the animal that has people to like, the cartoon character pattern that the image of personage's mythical legend or children like, and by the form of people's intuition, the toy and the ornamental planetarium of mutual motion process, rule and the phenomenon of demonstration celestial body, the sun, the moon, the earth.Make people observe constellation, understanding universe in being at play.
The utility model utilizes the apparent motion principle design.The earth is from West to East around earth's axis rotation, and the imperceptible earth rotation but we live on earth, and the earth is observed day spherical zone and all celestial bodies from east orientation west uniform rotation is relatively observed celestial body east and risen the west and fall, and this motion is apparent diurnal motion of heavenly body.When explaining celestial movement rule, stone-dead potentially usually, and celestial body is made diurnal motion around the earth from the east orientation west.The relative earth of the sun is made annual apparent motion.The moon is done moon apparent motion and is come problem analysis.It is directly perceived to do image like this, and the gained conclusion is identical.
This reality is novel to be such realization: it also has support and pedestal to constitute by celestial sphere, the sun, the moon, the earth, power source and reduction gear.Its design feature is: celestial sphere is a printing opacity housing, and two ends are supported by the sky pole axis that links to each other with main body rack, is marked with the vivid pattern such as personage, animal of constellation and celestial equator, ecliptic at its sphere; The sun, the moon place in day spherical shell, with celestial sphere is to pass through reduction gear transmission separately by same power source, their speed brake setting is in the ecliptic pole place of celestial sphere, they can rotate around the sky pole axis from the east orientation west synchronously with celestial sphere, the sun of reduction gear driving simultaneously moves along the ecliptic track from West to East relative to celestial sphere, drives the moon and moves from West to East relative to the sun.
By such scheme as can be seen: the printing opacity celestial sphere that constellation image pattern is arranged based on mark, the sun, the moon are placed in day global shell, celestial sphere rotates and the constellation motion, the sun, the moon are with commentaries on classics, constellation motion on the relative again simultaneously celestial sphere, the apparent motion phenomenon of demonstration earth rotation, revolution and moon revolution.
The each several part reduction gear is done following design in the utility model: make that power source is a direct current generator, after slowing down celestial sphere is slowly run.The sun is followed celestial sphere and is rotated in celestial sphere, whenever circle round the clock, and this moment, celestial sphere should change for 366/365 week, many 1/365 week of commentaries on classics than the sun, 365 round the clock celestial sphere changeed for 366 weeks, the sun just in time moves a week relative to celestial sphere, so the relative celestial sphere ratio of gear of the sun is 366.Indicate 365 day date lattice of the Gregorian calendar on the ecliptic with the celestial sphere surface, like this along with the sun moving the indication Gregorian calendar date relative to celestial sphere.The moon relative to celestial sphere move a week be 27.32 days (sidereal month) this moment celestial sphere changeed for 27.39 weeks, therefore get the moon and the celestial sphere ratio of gear is 27.39.When the sun moved for 29.5 dates during lattice relative to celestial sphere, the moon overlaps once with the sun, and a lunar month lunation.
On moon ball journal with on the solar shaft, adorn the identical gear of a number of teeth respectively, when the moon when the sun moves a week, in moon 〃 rotation one week of 〃, finish a phases of the moon cycle.
Printing opacity sky spheroid in the such scheme, available transparent or semitransparent material is made, and a day sphere is broadcast TV programs by satellite a pattern with transparent color dyestuff or fluorescent material mark; Fixed star is pressed magnitude and spectrum mark, and constellation design is mythical legend image or cartoon character.
When the celestial sphere transparency is big, there is the One Earth One Family instrument celestial sphere center, support by the sky pole axis that links to each other with main body rack, terrestrial globe is translucent housing, bulb and motor and speed reduction unit are housed in the housing, global shell rotates around the sky pole axis drivingly, is convenient to adjust position of the earth, and bulb can make whole spheroid bright.
On the same plane of celestial sphere ecliptic, be eventually with the sun, initial point is adorned a lunar calendar scale annulus that is driven by the sun, should encircle and wait branch 29.5 lattices, and indicate and supply the moon to move the indication lunar date per medio of the lunar calendar.And should encircle etc. and to divide 24 lattices, indicate at 24 o'clock, the sun sees through the position that day spheroid is seen the different relative earth of the sun constantly at 12 o'clock places.
Celestial sphere transparency hour or spheroid hour, the available bulb symbol earth; Lunar calendar calibration loop can not adorned.
The utility model has the advantages that:
1. it designs main element in the sky spheroid, makes its structural integrity, is convenient to moulding and decoration, and can watch the astronomical phenomena of earth any one location.
2. with rambling fixed star, mark and draw the picture of the lively personage of a width of cloth width of cloth, animal, object by international constellation, become a kind of toy or ornament, have lively characteristics, people are by the picture understanding starry sky of entertaining.
3. by people on earth, with the earth is reference point, the extratellurian celestial body apparent motion form of being felt, the astronomical geography phenomenon that motion produced of demonstration fixed star, the sun, the moon, have characteristics intuitively, people start with from straight-forward phenomenon and understand the movement of heavenly bodies principle.
The structure of such scheme and ratio of gear are to design for simulation celestial body apparent motion rule.In implementation process, can suitably adjust according to technology, cost, reliable transmission.
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing the utility model most preferred embodiment is done a narration.
Accompanying drawing 1 is the utility model structural representation.
Accompanying drawing 2 is a reduction gear structural representation in the utility model.
Accompanying drawing 3 is an earth reduction gear synoptic diagram in the utility model.
Toy planetarium as shown in Figure 1, by celestial sphere (1), the sun (2), the earth (3), the moon (9), the moon resembling changeable device (14), power source and reduction gear (5), lunar calendar calibration loop (8), meridian circle (11), filler ring (7), pedestal (6), Horizon ring (10) constitutes.
Celestial sphere is made by transparent plastic, and the constellation design on the sphere for the cartoon character pattern that children like, is marked and drawed with coloured transparent printing ink; Fixed star is pressed magnitude and spectrum mark; On it sphere, also mark has celestial equator, right ascension, declination, ecliptic.365 days 12 months date is arranged on the zodiac.
The celestial sphere center has a translucent terrestrial globe (3) to be fixed on the meridian circle (11) by sky pole axis (12).
Power source and reduction gear (5) are fixed on celestial sphere (1) inner housing, make the sun and month ball journal at the ecliptic pole place.The sun (2), the moon (9) place in the celestial sphere (1), use same power source with celestial sphere (1).
Lunar calendar calibration loop (8) has 29.5 equal portions, is marked with lunar date, and 24 equal portions are arranged, and is marked with 24 o'clock.The sun is a red spherical shell, in light source is arranged, 〃 place when being fixed on 〃 junior one 〃 and 〃 12, lunar calendar calibration loop (8) is supported on the solar shaft by three bars, rotates with the sun.
The moon (9) is the half of lighttight yellow spherical shell of half of printing opacity, in light source is arranged.It moves relative to the sun, goes up the indication lunar calendar at lunar calendar calibration loop (8), the variation of the symbol of the rotation simultaneously phases of the moon.
Celestial sphere (1) the two poles of the earth be fixed on the meridian circle (11) the sky pole axis (4) or (12) movingly, meridian circle (11) is in filler ring (7) groove, filler ring is by base supports.Power supply is in pedestal, and lead is introduced in the celestial sphere (1) by sky pole axis (4) hole, distributes to power source, the sun (2), the moon (9) through conducting ring; The earth (3) power supply is introduced in the ball by sky pole axis (12) hole.
As shown in Figure 2, power source and reduction gear casing (16) are fixed on and make a day pole axis (4) on the celestial sphere inner housing on the sky axis, solar shaft (21) on yellow axis, the diaxon angle be 23 ° 26 '.Speed reduction gearing adopts gear set synthetic.Power source adopts 1.5V-3V direct current generator (15) gear Z
0Be fixed on the motor shaft gear Z when motor rotates
0Transmission Z
1And Z
1', because of gear Z
2Link to each other with sky pole axis (4), day pole axis (4) other end and meridian circle (11) are fixing, so gear Z
1' drive casing (16) and celestial sphere (1) and gear Z when rotating
2Engagement is rotated around sky pole axis (4).
Limit motor (15) electric power polarity, when in running order, see that from up to down celestial sphere (1) clockwise rotates promptly from the east orientation west around sky pole axis (4).Gear Z
3With Z
2' engagement is rotated simultaneously with celestial sphere, clockwise rotates.Through Z
3' transmission Z
4, Z
4Link to each other with moon ball journal (20), a moon ball journal (20) is rotated counterclockwise.Z on axle (20)
4' transmission Z
5, Z
5' and Z
6, gear Z
6Link to each other with solar shaft (21), the sun (2) is rotated counterclockwise.
Phases of the moon changeable device is by tubular shaft (17), axle (18), gear Z
7And Z
6' and the half of light tight spherical shell formation of half of printing opacity, tubular shaft (17) and Z
7Link to each other, axle (18) links to each other with a moon ball journal (20), and of that month ball journal (20) is relative to solar shaft (21) when rotating, the gear Z on solar shaft (21)
6' driven wheel Z
7, a tubular shaft (17) and a month spherical shell are clockwise rotated.Gear Z
6' with Z
7The number of teeth is identical, and ratio of gear is 1.The moon (9) rotates a week relative to the sun (2), and in moon 〃 rotation one week of 〃, the moon resembles the variation one-period.
Gear Z
3Adopt conical gear, Z
6' be the basin tooth, other all adopts involute gear.Each ratio of revolution design is as follows:
If: the motor revolution is that N0, celestial sphere revolution are that N1, moon revolution are that N2, sun revolution are N3.
Celestial sphere revolution N1 design maximum number of revolutions is 50 rev/mins, and has potentiometer adjustable in its scope, and now selecting the motor revolution for use is 2100 rev/mins.
Celestial sphere ratio of gear I
1=N0/N1=42
Moon ratio of gear I
2=N1/N2=27.39
Sun ratio of gear I
3=N2/N3=366
According to above-mentioned transmission in-line gears centre distance when, each gear die number average adopts M=0.5, and each gear number of teeth is decided to be:
Z
0＝8 Z
1＝48 Z
1′＝8 Z
2＝56 Z
2′＝12
Z
3＝58 Z
3′＝12 Z
4＝68 Z
4′＝15 Z
5＝45
Z
5′＝11 Z
6＝49 Z
6′＝24 Z
7＝24
For the position of adjusting the earth or watch the earth rotation phenomenon, in the earth independently reduction gear can be housed, as shown in Figure 3: celestial axis (12) is gone up fixing at meridian circle (11), and reduction gear casing (26) is gone up fixing at axle (12).Motor (25) is gone up fixing at casing (26).Z when motor rotates
10Transmission Z
11, Z
11' and Z
12, because of Z
12Be connected with ball shell, so the earth rotates around axle (12).Select 2100 rev/mins in motor, determine that each gear number of teeth is: Z
10=6 Z
11=60 Z
11'=6 Z
12=60.Earth revolution is 21 rev/mins, and it turns to by pedestal electric power polarity switch and controls.
Claims (6)
1, a kind of toy planetarium is that astronomical globe combines with electromechanical structure, is used to demonstrate the device of astronomical phenomena, it is characterized in that:
A. celestial sphere is a printing opacity global shell, and two ends are supported by the sky pole axis that links to each other with main body rack, are marked with celestial equator at its sphere subscript, the personage of ecliptic and constellation, and the zoomorphism pattern,
B. the sun, the moon places in day global shell, with celestial sphere is to pass through reduction gear transmission separately by same power source, their speed brake setting is in the ecliptic pole place of celestial sphere, they can rotate around the sky pole axis from the east orientation west synchronously with celestial sphere, the sun of reduction gear driving simultaneously moves along the ecliptic track from West to East relative to celestial sphere, drives the moon and moves from West to East relative to the sun.
2, toy planetarium according to claim 1 is characterized in that the relative celestial sphere ratio of gear of the moon is 27.39, and the relative celestial sphere ratio of gear of the sun is 366.
3, toy planetarium according to claim 1, it is characterized in that the moon ball journal with solar shaft on the identical gear of the number of teeth is housed respectively, when the moon moves a week relative to the sun, month one week of revolutions simultaneously.
4, toy planetarium according to claim 1 is characterized in that the fixed star on day global shell marks by magnitude and spectrum, and constellation design is mythical legend image or cartoon character.
5, toy planetarium according to claim 1, it is characterized in that there is the One Earth One Family instrument celestial sphere center, support that terrestrial globe is translucent housing by the sky pole axis that links to each other with main body rack, bulb and motor and speed reduction unit are housed in the housing, and global shell rotates around the sky pole axis drivingly.
6, toy planetarium according to claim 1, it is characterized in that on same plane, road, sky spheroid Neihuang County, adorning an annulus that drives by the sun, be carved with 29.5 equal portions and 24 equal portions on the ring respectively, indicate one month date of the lunar calendar and at 24 o'clock, sun 〃 place when 〃 junior one 〃 and 〃 12 on ring.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 93220911 CN2186945Y (en) | 1993-08-07 | 1993-08-07 | Toy planetarium |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 93220911 CN2186945Y (en) | 1993-08-07 | 1993-08-07 | Toy planetarium |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN2186945Y true CN2186945Y (en) | 1995-01-04 |
Family
ID=33799926
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 93220911 Expired - Fee Related CN2186945Y (en) | 1993-08-07 | 1993-08-07 | Toy planetarium |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN2186945Y (en) |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1998035B (en) * | 2004-06-23 | 2010-10-13 | 杜普雷发明有限公司 | Educational toy |
| CN105590543A (en) * | 2016-03-16 | 2016-05-18 | 陈伟杰 | Moon phase instrument |
| CN106847065A (en) * | 2017-03-02 | 2017-06-13 | 绵竹市汉旺学校 | A kind of imageable multipurpose planetarium |
-
1993
- 1993-08-07 CN CN 93220911 patent/CN2186945Y/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1998035B (en) * | 2004-06-23 | 2010-10-13 | 杜普雷发明有限公司 | Educational toy |
| CN105590543A (en) * | 2016-03-16 | 2016-05-18 | 陈伟杰 | Moon phase instrument |
| CN106847065A (en) * | 2017-03-02 | 2017-06-13 | 绵竹市汉旺学校 | A kind of imageable multipurpose planetarium |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| C19 | Lapse of patent right due to non-payment of the annual fee | ||
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |