CN2658875Y

CN2658875Y - Multifunctional three-star instrument of globe sun. moon

Info

Publication number: CN2658875Y
Application number: CN 03278099
Authority: CN
Inventors: 严家荣; 季国平
Original assignee: NANDA TIANZUN ELECTRONICS CO Ltd NANJING
Current assignee: NANDA TIANZUN ELECTRONICS CO Ltd NANJING
Priority date: 2003-08-28
Filing date: 2003-08-28
Publication date: 2004-11-24
Anticipated expiration: 2013-08-28

Abstract

The utility model relates to a multifunctional three-star instrument of the earth, the sun and the moon, which comprises a pedestal, a housing, a centre shaft, a balance mechanism, a transmission mechanism, a crank shaft, components simulating the sun, the earth and the moon, etc. The whole instrument only uses one transmission belt as transfer force to drive the whole three-star instrument to operate, uses a synchronous belt to keep the pointing direction of an earth autorotation device (an earth axis) constant in space, and uses three gears to drive the earth component to carry out autorotation. The instrument also introduces the part marking functions of the traditional celestial globe, and can vividly indicate the star space position in which the sun is at any time. A lunar phase disk can visually indicate the phase of the moon at any time. The instrument uses simple structure to simulate the fairly complicated movement relation among the sun, the earth and the moon, can veritably display the astronomical phenomena of moon movement relative to the earth, the earth movement relative to the sun, the track and the inclination angle of the moon and the change thereof, the generation of the solar eclipse and the lunar eclipse, the change of the lunar phase, the change of four seasons of the earth, the aphelion, the perihelion, etc.

Description

Multi-functional three-globe instrument

One, technical field

The utility model relates to the astronomical teaching demonstration instrument, specifically relate to demonstrate these three celestial bodies of the earth, the moon and the sun when space motion track and they and celestial sphere on the instrument of mutual alignment relation between other celestial bodies.

Two, background technology

Three-globe instrument can be demonstrated many chronometer phenomenons and astronomical principles such as generation, month phase change, the four seasons origin cause of formation, sun's motion and ecliptic, equator, the normal society of solar eclipse, lunar eclipse, is the instruments used for education that carry out astronomical object teaching and demonstration.The most of axial gears kind of drive that adopts of three-globe instrument in the past, minority adopts belt gear, drive the sun, the moon and earth movements respectively by three groups of gears or three groups of belts, because of its complex structure, cause fault easily, and easy-maintaining not, thereby usually cause instrument not run well, become the ornaments (it is reported that the three-globe instrument that many schools purchased all becomes refuse because of this problem in the not oversize time) that to demonstrate.In addition, the moon's motion of in the past three-globe instrument simulation is untrue, greatly differs from each other with the actual motion state of the nature moon, and function singleness, as will demonstrating the arbitrary moment three ball in the position on the celestial sphere and the distribution of numerous constellation on celestial sphere etc., real belong to powerless.The independent existence because three balls have broken away from celestial sphere, thereby the motion of being demonstrated out is comparatively abstract, give people's impression also fuzzyyer, the people that often seen three-globe instrument perform are confused about the sun and how move on celestial sphere, and basic problems such as ecliptic, equator, the normal society angle of cut and variation.Because the complexity of structure and function is single, thereby has had a strong impact on applying of this instrument.

Three, summary of the invention

1, goal of the invention

The purpose of this utility model is that redesign provides a kind of simple in structure at the deficiency of three-globe instrument existence in the past, and authenticity is strong, the three-globe instrument of diverse in function.

2, technical scheme

The purpose of this utility model realizes by following technical proposals:

Multi-functional three-globe instrument is to be made of parts such as base 20, spherical housing 14, axis 18, balanced controls 17, gear train 21, bent axle 10, the sun 1, the earth 4 and the moon 2, it is characterized in that spherical housing 14 is merged by two hemisphere up and down forms, and be fixed on the base 20, hollow axis 18 passes shell 14, balanced controls 17, gear train 21 are fastened on the base 20.Solar model 1 is equipped with on the axis top, and is connected with power supply in the axis, can make the sun luminous after the energising.Having drawn the patterns such as four-quadrant, twenty-eight constellations near ecliptic, equator and the zodiac fixed star, constellation and Ancient Chinese generation on the spherical housing part inwall, is the symbol of celestial sphere; Balanced controls 17 by the earth's axis point to retainer 11, be with 12 synchronously, moon dial supports 9, moon dial 3, position of sun indicator and moving handle 16 are formed.Link to each other with axis 18 with an end of 12 synchronously, the other end points to retainer 11 with the earth's axis and is connected.Position of sun indicator and handle are the structures that unites two into one; Gear train 21 is made of 13 and driving belts of disk (signal ecliptic plane) 8.One end of driving belt 8 is embedded in the groove of disk (signal ecliptic plane) circumferential edges, and the other end is connected with moon performer 7 on the bent axle; The lower end of bent axle 10 and the earth's axis are pointed to retainer 11 and are connected, be equipped with on the bent axle moon performer 7, month driver 6, earth rotation device (earth's axis) 5, on earth's axis top installation earth model 4, moon performer 7, moon model 2 is installed.Rotary disk (signal ecliptic plane) 13, the moon performer 7 that driving belt 8 is driven on the bent axle, driving the moon 2 again rotates around the earth 4, on ground moon driver 6, ground month driver driving gear (or friction pulley) 24 is housed and links to each other, be connected with ground shaft gear (or friction pulley) 22 again with carrier gear (or friction pulley) 23.When moon performer 7 rotates, can make ground month driver driving gear 24 drive carrier gear 23 and rotate, drive ground shaft gear 22 again and rotate, do the rotation operation thereby make the earth's axis 5 drive the earth 4.Sun indicator and handle 16 unite two into one, and wherein sun indicator is in order to the position of the indication sun in fixed star, and handle is used for promoting the operation of whole three-globe instrument.When the earth 4 is rotated counterclockwise around the sun 1, by being with 12 to drive earth's axis sensing retainer 11 synchronously, make bent axle 10 doing reverse turning clockwise, thereby guarantee that the earth's axis 5 is invariable in the sensing in space with balanced controls 17 unequal angular velocity.The diameter ratio of above-mentioned all these power wheels that rotatablely move, all (moon was with respect to the earth 29.53: 1 by calculating good speed ratio, the earth was with respect to the sun 365.25: 1) carry out processing and fabricating, therefore can simulate quite exactly day,, the truth of month three balls motion.Multi-functional three-globe instrument outward appearance is spherical in shape, with patterns such as the colored four-quadrant of drawing out near ecliptic, equator and the zodiac fixed star, constellation and Ancient Chinese generation, twenty-eight constellations, make it have the referential function of astronomical globe again concurrently at this part inwall of spherical transparent outer cover of representing celestial sphere.When driving handle rotated, the position of sun indicator on the handle then can indicate sun any time position on ecliptic visually.3 phase places that can indicate arbitrary moment moon intuitively of moon dial.

Technical essential of the present utility model is: bent axle 10 and the earth's axis point to retainer 11 innovation and with the combination of astronomical globe, just make this instrument only drive the operation of whole three-globe instrument as transferring power with a driving belt; Bring maintenance earth rotation device (earth's axis) 5 invariable synchronously with one in the sensing in space; Drive earth rotation with three gears (shaft gear 22, carrier gear 23 and ground month driver driving gear 24).In addition, because the part referential function of traditional astronomical globe has been introduced this instrument, make this instrument also have some display function of astronomical globe, and can also indicate any time sun visually in the position in fixed star space; Moon dial then can indicate moon phase place at any time intuitively.Because multi-functional three-globe instrument has been abandoned the gear drive that complexity and rapid wear difficulty are repaiied, make the utility model with very simple structure simulate day,, quite complicated kinematic relation between month three, can show comparatively truly the moon with respect to the motion of the earth, the earth with respect to the generation of sun's motion, the lunar orbit and inclination angle and variation, solar eclipse and lunar eclipse, the variation of the phases of the moon, four seasons variation, aphelion and the perihelion of the earth or the like chronometer phenomenon.

3, beneficial effect

This multi-functional three-globe instrument has designed bent axle very dexterously and the earth's axis is pointed to these two mechanisms that innovate fully of retainer, makes original very numerous and diverse gear drive or belt drive system become the gear train that two belts extremely simplifying add two gears.Full instrument is only used a belt transferring power, drives the operation of whole instrument; Spatial direction with an earth's axis of band maintenance synchronously is constant; Drive earth rotation with three gears (shaft gear 22, carrier gear 23 and ground month driver driving gear 24).In addition,, make this instrument can also have the display function of astronomical globe, and can also indicate any time sun visually in the position in fixed star space because traditional astronomical globe has been done to have added this instrument after some improves; Moon dial then can indicate moon phase place at any time intuitively.Because multi-functional three-globe instrument has been abandoned gear or belt gear that complexity and rapid wear difficulty are repaiied, make total system realize the quite complicated kinematic relation of three balls with very simple frame mode, not only reduced cost, and reliable and function various promotes it on a large scale to become possibility because of Stability Analysis of Structures.

Four, description of drawings

The structural representation of the multi-functional three-globe instrument of Fig. 1

Fig. 2 ground month transmission synoptic diagram

Five, embodiment

The utility model will be further described by embodiment below in conjunction with accompanying drawing:

Transparent spherical housing 14 is made up of two hemisphere up and down, and is fastened on the base 20, and hollow axis 18 passes spherical housing 14, balanced controls 17, gear train 21 and is fastened on the base 20.Solar model 1 is equipped with on the axis top, and is connected with power supply in the axis, can make the sun luminous after the energising; With patterns such as the colored four-quadrant of drawing out near ecliptic, equator and the zodiac fixed star, constellation and Ancient Chinese generation, twenty-eight constellations, this is the symbol of celestial sphere on the part inwall of spherical housing; One end of balanced controls 17 is equipped with the earth's axis and points to retainer 11, and be with 12 to be connected synchronously, be with the other end to be connected synchronously with axis.Moon dial supports 9 upper end moon dial 3 is housed, and the other end of balanced controls is equipped with position of sun indicator and handle 16, and both unite two into one, and wherein sun indicator is in order to indicate the position of the sun in fixed star, and handle is used for promoting the operation of whole three-globe instrument; Gear train 21 is made of 13 and driving belts of disk (signal ecliptic plane) 8.One end of driving belt 8 is embedded in the groove of disk (signal ecliptic plane) circumferential edges, and the other end is connected with moon performer 7 on the bent axle; The lower end of bent axle 10 and the earth's axis are pointed to retainer 11 and are connected, be equipped with on the bent axle moon performer 7, month driver 6, earth rotation device (earth's axis) 5, on the earth's axis top installation earth 4, moon performer 7, the moon 2 is housed.Rotary disk (signal ecliptic plane) 13, the moon performer 7 that driving belt 8 is driven on the bent axle drives the moon 2 again and rotates around the earth 4, ground month driver driving gear 24, drive carrier gear 23, drive ground shaft gear 22 again, do the rotation operation thereby make the earth's axis 5 drive the earth 4.When using hand propelled handle 16, when the earth 4 is rotated counterclockwise around the sun 1, by being with 12 to drive the earth's axis and point to retainers 11 synchronously, making bent axle 10 doing reverse turning clockwise, thereby guarantee that the earth's axis is invariable in the sensing in space with balanced controls 17 unequal angular velocity.When driving handle rotated, the position of sun indicator can indicate the sun position of any time on ecliptic visually.3 phase places that can indicate arbitrary moment moon intuitively of moon dial.The diameter ratio of the above-mentioned power wheel that these rotatablely move, all (moon was with respect to the earth 29.53: 1 by calculating good speed ratio, the earth was with respect to the sun 365.25: 1) carry out processing and fabricating, therefore can simulate quite exactly day,, the truth of month three balls motion.

Claims

1, a kind of multi-functional three-globe instrument comprises base (20), axis (18), gear train (21), the sun (1), the earth (4), the moon (2), it is characterized in that:

(a) gear train (21) is made of a disk (13) and a driving belt (8), as transferring power, drives the operation of whole instrument by a driving belt (8); The periphery of disk is groove shape, and driving belt (8) is embedded in the groove, and the other end of driving belt is connected with moon performer (7) on the bent axle;

(b) synchronous band (12) one ends on the balanced controls (17) are connected with axis (18), the other end points to retainer (11) with the earth's axis and links to each other, and earth's axis sensing retainer (11) links to each other with bent axle (10), drive the earth's axis by synchronous band (12) and point to retainer (11), make bent axle (10) doing reverse turning clockwise, thereby guarantee that the earth's axis (5) is invariable in the sensing in space with balanced controls (17) unequal angular velocity;

(c) be equipped with on the bent axle (10) moon performer (7), month driver (6), the earth's axis 5, drive moon performer (7) on the bent axle by driving belt (8), drive the moon (2) again and rotate around the earth (4);

(d) spherical housing (14) is by up and down two hemisphere are synthetic, with patterns such as the colored four-quadrant of having drawn near the fixed star of ecliptic, equator and zodiac, constellation and Ancient Chinese generation, twenty-eight constellations, signifying celestial sphere on the part inwall of episphere transparent outer cover.

2, multi-functional three-globe instrument according to claim 1, it is characterized in that the balanced controls (17) described in above-mentioned (b) are pointed to retainer (11), are with (12), moon dial support (9), moon dial (3), position of sun indicator and handle (16) to be formed synchronously by the earth's axis, an end of band (12) links to each other with axis (18) synchronously, and the other end points to retainer (11) with the earth's axis and is connected.

3, multi-functional three-globe instrument according to claim 1, it is characterized in that described in (c) the ground moon driver the upper end a ground month driver driving gear (24) be housed be connected with carrier gear (23), be connected with ground shaft gear (22) again, link to each other with the earth's axis (5), the earth (4) then.

4, multi-functional three-globe instrument according to claim 2 is characterized in that moon dial (3) is fixedly mounted on moon dial and supports on (9).

5, multi-functional three-globe instrument according to claim 2 is characterized in that position of sun indicator and handle (16) are the structures that unites two into one.