CN218620710U - Vertical two-stage gradual change spiral pyrolysis device - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the technical field of biomass resource treatment, and discloses a vertical two-stage gradual spiral pyrolysis device, which comprises an outer wall heating chamber, a conical barrel body and a two-stage gradual spiral; the conical barrel comprises a pyrolysis zone barrel body and a compression zone barrel body connected with the lower end of the pyrolysis zone barrel body, the outer wall heating chamber is arranged on the outer side of the pyrolysis zone barrel body, and the two-stage gradient spiral is arranged in the conical barrel body in a penetrating mode. The pyrolysis device and the pyrolysis method of the utility model can ensure that the material is uniformly heated and can clear away the material adhered to the wall surface of the cylinder; the pyrolytic carbon can be rapidly compressed and molded, so that the energy density is improved, the stacking space is reduced, and dust is prevented from being generated; compact structure, the area of saving.

Description

Vertical two-stage gradual change spiral pyrolysis device

Technical Field

The utility model belongs to the technical field of living beings resourceful treatment, a vertical two-stage gradual change spiral pyrolysis device is related to particularly.

Background

The popularization and the utilization of renewable energy sources such as biomass and the like solve and relieve the excessive dependence on fossil fuel to a certain extent. Biomass, as a unique renewable carbon resource, has great potential for development due to its characteristics of zero carbon dioxide emissions, low cost, abundant reserves, and the like. In order to utilize biomass resources cleanly and efficiently, the development of a suitable conversion technology is particularly important. In the existing utilization modes (incineration, gasification, hydrolysis and pyrolysis), fast pyrolysis is an efficient thermal conversion method technology, and non-condensable gas generated by pyrolysis can be used for combustion or synthesis gas preparation; the produced porous coke can be modified to be used as an adsorbent, a catalyst carrier or other capacitance materials; the produced bio-oil can be used for liquid fuel or for preparing high-value chemicals.

The core of the biomass fast pyrolysis technology lies in extremely fast heating rate, reaction temperature of about 500 ℃, shorter gas phase residence time, fast condensation and collection of pyrolysis steam and the like. Biomass is along with the separation out of volatile matter at the pyrolysis in-process, and raw materials granule constantly dwindles, and required pyrolytic reaction space also reduces thereupon, and straight tube pyrolysis devices such as traditional fixed bed, fluidized bed space utilization is little, the pyrolysis is inefficient, and the wall coking reunion is serious moreover, not only reduces heat transfer efficiency, can lead to the device operation unstable moreover.

For example, the chinese patent document discloses a vertical spiral pyrolysis device (application number: cn202023013629. X), which solves the problems of long pyrolysis time, low gas production efficiency, easy caking of materials and the like of other conventional pyrolysis devices, but the structure is a straight-cylinder design, and the characteristic that the volume of the raw material is gradually reduced after pyrolysis is not considered, so that space waste is caused, and the pyrolyzed carbon powder is only collected and not subjected to other treatments, and the pyrolyzed carbon powder has the characteristics of small particles, loose structure, small density, easy crushing and the like, occupies a large space for storage, and is easy to form a dust pollution production workshop.

Disclosure of Invention

The utility model aims at providing a vertical two-stage gradual change spiral pyrolysis device can integrate and realize living beings pyrolysis and pyrolytic carbon shaping, improves space utilization.

The technical proposal adopted by the utility model is a vertical two-stage gradual spiral pyrolysis device, which comprises an outer wall heating chamber, a conical cylinder body and a two-stage gradual spiral; the conical barrel comprises a pyrolysis zone barrel body and a compression zone barrel body connected with the lower end of the pyrolysis zone barrel body, the outer wall heating chamber is arranged on the outer side of the pyrolysis zone barrel body, and the two-stage gradient spiral is arranged in the conical barrel body in a penetrating mode.

Preferably, the two-stage gradient spiral comprises a pyrolysis gradient spiral, a compression gradient spiral and a spiral rotating shaft, the pyrolysis gradient spiral and the compression gradient spiral are sleeved on the spiral rotating shaft, the pyrolysis gradient spiral is located in the pyrolysis area cylinder, and the compression gradient spiral is located in the compression area cylinder.

Preferably, the lower end of the outer wall heating chamber is provided with a hot flue gas inlet; the upper end of the outer wall heating chamber is provided with a cold flue gas outlet, and the hot flue gas inlet and the cold flue gas outlet are communicated with the inside of the outer wall heating chamber.

Preferably, the top end of the conical cylinder body is provided with a pyrolysis steam outlet, and the bottom of the conical cylinder body is provided with a discharge hole.

Preferably, the pyrolysis zone cylinder and the compression zone cylinder are both truncated cone-shaped shells with wide upper parts and narrow lower parts.

Preferably, the included angle alpha between the vertical surface of the lateral part of the barrel body in the pyrolysis zone and the horizontal plane is 60-85 degrees, and the included angle beta between the vertical surface of the lateral part of the barrel body in the compression zone and the horizontal plane is 30-60 degrees.

Preferably, the distance between the pyrolysis gradual change spiral and the pyrolysis area cylinder is 2-5 mm, and the distance between the compression gradual change spiral and the compression area cylinder is 1-3 mm.

Preferably, the pyrolysis gradual change screw is provided with 15-25 threads and is in a fixed-pitch structure, and the compression gradual change screw is provided with 3-8 threads and is in a variable-pitch structure.

Preferably, the outer wall heating chamber and the outer side of the compression zone cylinder are both coated with insulating layers.

The beneficial effects of the utility model reside in that:

1. the structure is compact: the device not only can realize living beings pyrolysis and pyrolytic carbon shaping by integration, and vertical toper gradual change design has compact structure, characteristics that the space utilization is efficient moreover.

2. The operation is stable: the gradual change spiral design can not only promote the material and stabilize continuous the advancing, and the intensive material is turned, and its external tangent plane is little with pyrolysis zone barrel inner wall interval moreover, can drive the coking on the barrel internal wall through relative motion, improves wall heat transfer efficiency, guarantees the pyrolysis device steady operation.

3. Clean production: the compression gradual change screw utilizes high-temperature waste heat of the pyrolytic carbon and caking substances such as tar to compress and mold loose carbon powder with low density, so that the energy density of the pyrolytic carbon is improved, the storage space is reduced, and the generation of fly ash can be effectively avoided.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a vertical two-stage gradient spiral pyrolysis device.

In the figure: 21-outer wall heating chamber; 211-hot flue gas inlet; 212-cold flue gas outlet; 22-a conical cylinder; 221-pyrolysis zone cylinder; 222-compression zone cylinder; 223-a feed inlet; 224-pyrolysis vapor outlet; 225-discharge port; 23-two-stage gradual change spiral; 231-pyrolysis gradient helix; 232-compression of the progressive spiral; 233-helical shaft; 24-heat insulation layer.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

As shown in fig. 1, the vertical two-stage gradient spiral pyrolysis device of the present invention comprises: an outer wall heating chamber 21, a conical cylinder 22, a two-stage gradual change spiral 23 and an insulating layer 24.

A conical barrel 22 comprising a pyrolysis zone barrel 221 and a compression zone barrel 222; the pyrolysis zone cylinder 221 is fixedly connected to the top of the compression zone cylinder 222, the pyrolysis zone cylinder 221 and the compression zone cylinder 222 are communicated with each other to form a whole, the pyrolysis zone cylinder 221 and the compression zone cylinder 222 are both truncated cone-shaped shells with wide top and narrow bottom, an included angle alpha between a vertical surface of the side portion of the pyrolysis zone cylinder 221 and a horizontal plane is 60-85 degrees, and an included angle beta between a vertical surface of the side portion of the compression zone cylinder 222 and the horizontal plane is 30-60 degrees. The conical cylinder 22 is arranged in a vertical gradual change structure with a wide upper part and a narrow lower part, and the volume of the device is correspondingly reduced in the process of reducing the pyrolysis volume of the materials from top to bottom. Under the condition that the yield of the product is unchanged, the design reduces the heating area and improves the space utilization rate of the pyrolyzer. The top of the pyrolysis zone cylinder 221 is provided with two feed inlets 223 symmetrically arranged about the spiral rotating shaft 233, and the raw material can enter the interior of the conical cylinder 22 through the feed inlets 223. Pyrolysis steam outlet 224 is arranged at the side edge of the top of pyrolysis zone cylinder 221, and pyrolysis steam outlet 224 is communicated with the inside of conical cylinder 22 and used for leading out pyrolysis steam generated by pyrolysis.

A two-stage progressive screw 23 including a pyrolysis progressive screw 231, a compression progressive screw 232, and a screw rotation shaft 233; the pyrolysis gradual change spiral 231 and the compression gradual change spiral 232 are fixedly sleeved on the spiral rotating shaft 233; a pyrolysis ramp spiral 231 is disposed within the pyrolysis zone cylinder 221 and a compression ramp spiral 232 is disposed within the compression zone cylinder 222. The distance between the pyrolysis gradual change spiral 231 and the pyrolysis zone cylinder 221 is 2-5 mm, and the distance between the compression gradual change spiral 232 and the compression zone cylinder 222 is 1-3 mm. The pyrolysis gradual change screw 231 is provided with 15-25 threads and is of a fixed-pitch structure, and the compression gradual change screw 232 is provided with 3-8 threads and is of a variable-pitch structure. The pyrolysis gradual change spiral 231 can ensure that the materials are uniformly heated and can remove the materials adhered to the wall surface of the cylinder body; the compression gradual change spiral 232 makes full use of the high-temperature waste heat of the pyrolytic carbon and the bonding effect of tar, and rapidly compresses and molds the pyrolytic carbon, so that the energy density is improved, the stacking space is reduced, and the generation of dust is avoided. The two-stage gradual change spiral 23 penetrates through the conical cylinder 22 and is arranged concentrically with the conical cylinder 22; the two-stage gradual change screw 23 is connected with an external motor through a screw rotating shaft 233, and rotates in the conical cylinder 22 along with the screw rotating shaft 233 under the driving of the external motor.

The outer wall heating chamber 21 surrounds the outer wall of setting at pyrolysis zone barrel 221, and the lower side edge of outer wall heating chamber 21 is provided with hot flue gas inlet 211, and hot flue gas inlet 211 communicates with outer wall heating chamber 21 is inside. The upper side edge of the outer wall heating chamber 21 is provided with a cold flue gas outlet 212, and the cold flue gas outlet 212 is communicated with the inside of the outer wall heating chamber 21.

And an insulating layer 24 covering the outer wall heating chamber 21 and the compression zone cylinder 222.

The utility model discloses a working process as follows: start external motor, two-stage gradual change spiral 23 is along with spiral pivot 233 at conical cylinder 22 internal rotation, preheat the raw materials and send into pyrolysis zone barrel 221 via feed inlet 223 after the drying in, meanwhile hot flue gas passes through hot flue gas inlet 211 and gets into inside outer wall heating chamber 21, and discharge through cold exhanst gas outlet 212, the raw materials is heated and takes place pyrolytic reaction on pyrolysis gradual change spiral 231, the pyrolysis steam that the pyrolysis produced is discharged through pyrolysis steam outlet 224, the solid product pyrolysis charcoal that the pyrolysis produced gets into in compression zone barrel 222, compress under compression gradual change spiral 232's effect, and discharge through discharge gate 225.

Example 1

The radius of the top cover of the pyrolysis zone cylinder 221 is 0.40m, and the radius of the discharge port is designed to be 0.1m for achieving the purpose of compression molding; the distance between the pyrolysis gradual change spiral and the pyrolysis area cylinder is 5mm, and the distance between the compression gradual change spiral and the compression area cylinder is 3mm; the pyrolysis gradual change screw adopts 25 threads and is of a constant-pitch structure; the compression gradual change spiral 232 is provided with 8 threads with variable thread pitches, and is of a variable thread pitch structure, and the thread pitches are the same in change; the included angle alpha between the vertical surface of the side part of the pyrolysis zone cylinder 221 and the horizontal plane is 85 degrees, and the included angle beta between the vertical surface of the side part of the compression zone cylinder 222 and the horizontal plane is 60 degrees.

Example 2

In order to ensure the continuous and stable operation of the pyrolysis process and the purpose of compression molding, the distance between the pyrolysis gradual change spiral and the pyrolysis area cylinder is 2mm, and the distance between the compression gradual change spiral and the compression area cylinder is 1mm; the number of threads of the pyrolysis gradual change spiral is designed to be 15, and the pyrolysis gradual change spiral is of a fixed-pitch structure; the number of threads of the compression gradual change spiral is designed to be 3, and the thread pitch changes are the same; the included angle alpha between the vertical surface of the side part of the pyrolysis area cylinder 221 and the horizontal plane is 60 degrees, and the included angle beta between the vertical surface of the side part of the compression area cylinder 222 and the horizontal plane is 30 degrees. As the progressive screw rotates within the conical barrel, the material continuously moves within the conical barrel at an advancing speed nearly equal to that of the screw, effecting pyrolysis and compression.

Example 3

In order to ensure the continuous and stable operation of the pyrolysis process and the purpose of ensuring the compression molding, the distance between the pyrolysis gradual change spiral and the pyrolysis zone cylinder body is 3mm, and the distance between the compression gradual change spiral and the compression zone cylinder body is 2mm; the number of threads of the pyrolysis gradual change spiral is designed to be 20, and the pyrolysis gradual change spiral is of a fixed-pitch structure; the number of threads of the compression gradual change spiral is designed to be 5, and the thread pitch changes are the same; the included angle alpha between the vertical surface of the side part of the pyrolysis zone cylinder 221 and the horizontal plane is 70 degrees, and the included angle beta between the vertical surface of the side part of the compression zone cylinder 222 and the horizontal plane is 50 degrees. As the progressive screw rotates within the conical barrel, the material continuously moves within the conical barrel at an advancing speed nearly equal to that of the screw, effecting pyrolysis and compression.

Claims (9)

1. A vertical two-stage gradual change spiral pyrolysis device is characterized by comprising an outer wall heating chamber, a conical cylinder and a two-stage gradual change spiral; the conical barrel comprises a pyrolysis zone barrel body and a compression zone barrel body connected with the lower end of the pyrolysis zone barrel body, the outer wall heating chamber is arranged on the outer side of the pyrolysis zone barrel body, and the two-stage gradient spiral is arranged in the conical barrel body in a penetrating mode.

2. The vertical two-stage gradient spiral pyrolysis device of claim 1, wherein the two-stage gradient spiral comprises a pyrolysis gradient spiral, a compression gradient spiral and a spiral rotating shaft, the pyrolysis gradient spiral and the compression gradient spiral are sleeved on the spiral rotating shaft, the pyrolysis gradient spiral is located in the pyrolysis zone cylinder, and the compression gradient spiral is located in the compression zone cylinder.

3. The vertical two-stage gradual change spiral pyrolysis device of claim 1, wherein the lower end of the outer wall heating chamber is provided with a hot flue gas inlet; the upper end of the outer wall heating chamber is provided with a cold flue gas outlet, and the hot flue gas inlet and the cold flue gas outlet are communicated with the inside of the outer wall heating chamber.

4. The vertical two-stage gradient spiral pyrolysis device according to claim 1, wherein a pyrolysis steam outlet is arranged at the top end of the conical cylinder, and a discharge hole is arranged at the bottom of the conical cylinder.

5. The vertical two-stage progressive spiral pyrolysis device of claim 1, wherein the pyrolysis zone cylinder and the compression zone cylinder are both truncated cone-shaped shells that are wide at the top and narrow at the bottom.

6. The vertical two-stage gradual change spiral pyrolysis device of claim 5, wherein an included angle α between a vertical surface of a side part of the barrel body in the pyrolysis zone and a horizontal plane is 60-85 °, and an included angle β between a vertical surface of a side part of the barrel body in the compression zone and the horizontal plane is 30-60 °.

7. The vertical two-stage progressive spiral pyrolysis device according to claim 2, wherein the distance between the pyrolysis progressive spiral and the pyrolysis zone cylinder is 2-5 mm, and the distance between the compression progressive spiral and the compression zone cylinder is 1-3 mm.

8. The vertical two-stage progressive screw pyrolysis device of claim 2, wherein the pyrolysis progressive screw has 15 to 25 threads in a constant pitch configuration and the compression progressive screw has 3 to 8 threads in a variable pitch configuration.

9. The vertical two-stage progressive spiral pyrolysis device of any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the outer wall heating chamber and the outside of the compression zone cylinder are coated with insulating layers.

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