CN113025354B - Self-heating type vertical axial flow roller ablation pyrolysis reaction device - Google Patents
Self-heating type vertical axial flow roller ablation pyrolysis reaction device Download PDFInfo
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- CN113025354B CN113025354B CN202110258037.4A CN202110258037A CN113025354B CN 113025354 B CN113025354 B CN 113025354B CN 202110258037 A CN202110258037 A CN 202110258037A CN 113025354 B CN113025354 B CN 113025354B
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- 238000000197 pyrolysis Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 69
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 58
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 238000002679 ablation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- 239000002028 Biomass Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002737 fuel gas Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 claims 3
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 abstract description 11
- 239000012159 carrier gas Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
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- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 210000003437 trachea Anatomy 0.000 description 14
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 description 12
- 239000012075 bio-oil Substances 0.000 description 11
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- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 3
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- YKTSYUJCYHOUJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N [O--].[Al+3].[Al+3].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] Chemical compound [O--].[Al+3].[Al+3].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] YKTSYUJCYHOUJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000010425 asbestos Substances 0.000 description 2
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- C10B53/00—Destructive distillation, specially adapted for particular solid raw materials or solid raw materials in special form
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- C10B47/00—Destructive distillation of solid carbonaceous materials with indirect heating, e.g. by external combustion
- C10B47/18—Destructive distillation of solid carbonaceous materials with indirect heating, e.g. by external combustion with moving charge
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- C10B47/00—Destructive distillation of solid carbonaceous materials with indirect heating, e.g. by external combustion
- C10B47/28—Other processes
- C10B47/32—Other processes in ovens with mechanical conveying means
- C10B47/44—Other processes in ovens with mechanical conveying means with conveyor-screws
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- C10B53/00—Destructive distillation, specially adapted for particular solid raw materials or solid raw materials in special form
- C10B53/02—Destructive distillation, specially adapted for particular solid raw materials or solid raw materials in special form of cellulose-containing material
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- C10B57/00—Other carbonising or coking processes; Features of destructive distillation processes in general
- C10B57/08—Non-mechanical pretreatment of the charge, e.g. desulfurization
- C10B57/10—Drying
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- C10B57/00—Other carbonising or coking processes; Features of destructive distillation processes in general
- C10B57/18—Modifying the properties of the distillation gases in the oven
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
- Y02E50/10—Biofuels, e.g. bio-diesel
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
- Y02P20/10—Process efficiency
- Y02P20/133—Renewable energy sources, e.g. sunlight
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Abstract
The invention relates to a self-heating type vertical axial flow roller ablation pyrolysis reaction device, and belongs to the technical field of renewable energy utilization. Including the casing with establish the retort inside the casing, the inside pivot that is equipped with of retort, the pivot upper end is connected with inverter motor through the belt, the rotational speed of adjustable pivot, the casing outside is equipped with one-level screw feeder and second grade screw feeder, the discharge end of one-level screw feeder communicates the feed end of second grade screw feeder, the discharge end of second grade screw feeder communicates the upper portion of retort. The invention has the beneficial effects that: the pyrolysis efficiency is improved, the pushing of carrier gas and the heating of a heat carrier are not needed in the reaction process, and the heating and cooling loads of the carrier gas are greatly reduced. Self-heating in the pyrolysis process is realized, and effective utilization of energy is fully realized. Different cone angles can be self-adaptive to the change of the size of the material, powdery, granular and other biomass raw materials can be pyrolyzed, and gas-solid separation and pyrolysis of biomass can be better realized.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a pyrolysis reaction device, in particular to a self-heating type vertical axial flow roller ablation pyrolysis reaction device, and belongs to the technical field of renewable energy utilization.
Background
The biomass pyrolysis is a technology for generating condensable volatile components (bio-oil), non-condensable small molecular gases (non-condensable gases) and solid product biochar by carrying out thermal decomposition on biomass in a micro-oxygen or oxygen-free atmosphere, can convert biomass such as agricultural and forestry waste and the like into high-value bio-oil, and is a very promising thermochemical conversion technology. Aiming at the biomass pyrolysis liquefaction technology, pyrolysis reactors for preparing bio-oil by biomass pyrolysis liquefaction are various, but for producing high-quality bio-oil, the selection of the form of the biomass pyrolysis reactor is the core and the key of a biomass pyrolysis device, so that the biomass pyrolysis device is required to have a good heat and mass transfer effect, and is also required to have simple equipment structure requirement and reliable operation.
At present, various pyrolysis devices have been developed at home and abroad, and typical fluidized bed pyrolysis demonstration plants with daily treatment capacities of 75t and 200t are established by Ensyn and Dynamobile in Canada. The Netherlands BTG company establishes a rotating cone pyrolysis unit with a processing capacity of 2 tons/hour. The university of science and technology in China built 2 sets of ten thousand ton grade/annual energy production devices.
The biomass pyrolysis device mainly comprises a downcomer reactor, a fluidized bed reactor, an ablation reactor and the like. The downcomer reactor is characterized in that ceramic balls and the like are used as heat carriers to heat biomass to be pyrolyzed in a V-shaped downcomer in an electric heating mode to generate a gas-solid-liquid three-phase product, and the heat carriers are returned to a heater to be heated through an elevator after pyrolysis. The heat carrier provides heat and enhances the flowability and heat transfer performance among particles. However, there are problems in that high-quality energy, electric energy, is consumed and thermal efficiency is low.
The fluidized bed reactor also uses a heat carrier, and the heat carrier is blown into a pyrolysis zone through fluidized air to transfer heat to the biomass for pyrolysis after being fluidized and heated in the fluidized bed. The reactor does not contain moving parts and has high working reliability. The problems exist that the fluidization air quantity is large and the energy loss is large.
The ablation pyrolysis working principle is that biomass particles are attached to the wall surface of a reactor under the action of centrifugal force generated by rotation of a rotating shaft, the biomass particles are pyrolyzed on the wall surface of the reactor through external source heating, oil gas generated by pyrolysis is discharged from the upper part of the reactor, bio-oil and non-condensable gas are obtained after spraying and condensing, and generated biochar is discharged at the bottom of the pyrolyzer. Compared with other pyrolysis reactors, the ablation pyrolysis reactor has the advantages of capability of pyrolyzing large-particle biomass raw materials, low operation energy consumption and high heating rate. But the rotating shaft of the traditional ablation pyrolysis reactor has higher rotating speed and higher requirements on materials and bearings; pyrolysis is insufficient, and the waste rate of raw materials is high; high-quality energy is consumed by an electric heating mode.
The prior patent No. CN201710330577.2 discloses a reaction concentric rotary pyrolysis reactor, in which a flue gas baffle plate structure can improve the heat of high-temperature waste flue gas and improve the utilization efficiency of energy, but a catalyst reforming device is not designed, and the bio-oil or hot gas generated by pyrolysis may have problems in selectivity and yield.
Current patent number is CN201710330591.2 discloses novel two rotation type living beings pyrolysis liquefaction systems, utilizes the dry material of used heat flue gas, and the combustible component heating heat carrier of charcoal ash and noncondensable gas, heat carrier and material homogeneous mixing take place the pyrolytic reaction in the reaction cylinder, have improved pyrolysis conversion efficiency, nevertheless lack the baking device of living beings material, have reduced the quality of bio-oil or other pyrolysis product.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention provides a self-heating type vertical axial flow roller ablation pyrolysis reaction device.
The technical scheme for solving the technical problems is as follows:
the utility model provides a self-heating formula vertical axis flow cylinder ablation pyrolytic reaction device, includes the casing and establishes the retort in the casing inside, the inside pivot that is equipped with of retort, the pivot upper end is connected with inverter motor through the belt, the rotational speed of adjustable pivot, the casing outside is equipped with one-level screw feeder and second grade screw feeder, the discharge end of one-level screw feeder communicates the feed end of second grade screw feeder, the discharge end of second grade screw feeder communicates the upper portion of retort.
Furthermore, the reaction cylinder and the rotating shaft are of a structure combining a cylindrical shape and a circular truncated cone shape from top to bottom, so that materials can be in close contact with the inner wall of the reaction cylinder after entering the reaction cylinder; the circular truncated cone-shaped parts of the reaction cylinder and the rotating shaft have a cone angle difference of 5-25 degrees, and the material size change can be self-adapted; the diameter of the cross section of the upper end of the circular truncated cone is larger than that of the cross section of the lower end of the circular truncated cone, a rotating shaft blade is fixedly connected to the cylindrical outer part of the rotating shaft, and a bus of the rotating shaft blade and the cylindrical part of the rotating shaft deflect by 1-10 degrees, so that the centrifugal force of material rotation is improved, and meanwhile, the separation of gas and solid phases in a pyrolysis zone and the improvement of the pyrolysis speed are facilitated; the lower end of the rotating shaft is connected with a screw rod, so that biochar generated by pyrolysis can be discharged in time, and blockage is avoided; the lower end of the screw rod is connected with a turntable.
Further, the rotating shaft blade is any one of a triangular prism shape, a rectangular parallelepiped shape, and a quadrangular prism shape with chamfers or a combination of two or more of the triangular prism shape, the rectangular parallelepiped shape, and the quadrangular prism shape.
Further, a catalyst bed layer is arranged on the upper portion of the rotating shaft, the catalyst bed layer is a porous honeycomb catalyst bed, and the pore structure of the catalyst bed is any one of a circle, a square, a pentagon and a hexagon.
Further, the feed end of one-level screw feeder communicates with a storage silo, the upside of storage silo is equipped with dry baking device, dry baking device is any one of desiccator, baking furnace, high temperature furnace flue gas heat baking device, curer, baking reactor. The biomass raw material can be dried and baked for pretreatment, so that the moisture and oxygen content of the biomass raw material and the acid substance content in a pyrolysis product are effectively reduced, the pyrolysis efficiency is improved, and a foundation is laid for the quality improvement of the bio-oil.
Further, the outside of casing downside is surrounded and is had trachea first and trachea second, trachea first is established at the upside of trachea second, 2-8 through-holes have evenly been seted up respectively between trachea first and trachea second and the casing, let in the air in the trachea first, let in noncondensable gas and gas in the trachea second, the outside of upside of casing is surrounded and is had half circle trachea third, it is the exhanst gas outlet to have seted up 2-8 through-holes between trachea third's both ends and the casing. The flue gas outlet can also be communicated with a drying and baking device to provide heat for the drying and baking device.
Further, the lower end of the shell is provided with an ash outlet, the top of the shell is also provided with a steam outlet, the shell is made of a wear-resistant and high-temperature-resistant material, and the wear-resistant and high-temperature-resistant material is made of any one or a combination of two or more of heat-insulating refractory bricks, expanded perlite heat-insulating products, diatomite heat-insulating materials, asbestos heat-insulating materials, glass wool heat-insulating materials, aluminum silicate heat-insulating refractory slurry, refractory plastic materials and sealing coatings.
Further, a thrust bearing is arranged between the shell and the upper end and the end of the rotating shaft.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: the upper part of the inside of the shell is a pyrolysis area, the lower part of the inside of the shell is a combustion area, and a drying and baking device is arranged, so that the moisture and oxygen content and the acid content of the biomass raw material can be effectively reduced, the pyrolysis efficiency can be improved, and a foundation is laid for the quality improvement of the bio-oil. After the biomass raw material enters the reaction cylinder, the biomass raw material is in close contact with the high-temperature reaction cylinder under the action of centrifugal force provided by the rotating shaft and the rotating shaft blades, so that the pyrolysis speed can be improved. The biomass raw material pyrolysis reaction is rapid, the pushing of carrier gas and the heating of a heat carrier are not needed in the reaction process, and the heating and cooling loads of the carrier gas are greatly reduced.
The biochar and the non-condensable gas generated by pyrolysis are fully utilized to realize self-heating in the pyrolysis process. The high-temperature flue gas after combustion can be used for drying and baking the biomass raw material, and the effective utilization of energy can be fully realized. The conical areas of the reaction cylinder and the rotating shaft have different cone angles, the material size can be self-adapted to the change of the material size by the high temperature and the pressure of the wall surface, and powdery, granular and other biomass raw materials can be pyrolyzed by utilizing the advantages, so that the gas-solid separation and the pyrolysis of the biomass can be better realized.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of trachea c.
Fig. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the turbinate.
Fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of the rotating shaft.
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a rotor blade.
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the catalyst bed.
In the figure, 1, a housing; 2. a reaction cylinder; 3. a rotating shaft; 4. a variable frequency motor; 5. a first-stage screw feeder; 6. a secondary screw feeder; 7. a rotating shaft blade; 8. a screw rod; 9. a turntable; 10. a catalyst bed layer; 11. a storage bin; 12. a drying and baking device; 13. a trachea first; 14. a trachea B; 15. trachea C; 16. a flue gas outlet; 17. an ash outlet; 18. and (4) a steam outlet.
Detailed Description
The principles and features of this invention are described below in conjunction with the following drawings, which are set forth by way of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
A self-heating type vertical axial flow roller ablation pyrolysis reaction device comprises a shell 1 and a reaction barrel 2 arranged inside the shell 1, wherein a rotating shaft 3 is arranged inside the reaction barrel 2, the upper end of the rotating shaft 3 is connected with a variable frequency motor 4 through a belt, a first-stage spiral feeder 5 and a second-stage spiral feeder 6 are arranged outside the shell 1, the discharge end of the first-stage spiral feeder 5 is communicated with the feed end of the second-stage spiral feeder 6, and the discharge end of the second-stage spiral feeder 6 is communicated with the upper portion of the reaction barrel 2.
The reaction cylinder 2 and the rotating shaft 3 are both of a cylindrical and truncated cone combined structure from top to bottom, the truncated cone-shaped portions of the reaction cylinder 2 and the rotating shaft have a taper angle difference of 5-25 degrees, the cross section diameter of the upper end of the truncated cone is larger than that of the lower end of the truncated cone, the cylindrical outer portion of the rotating shaft 3 is fixedly connected with a rotating shaft blade 7, the rotating shaft blade 7 and a bus of the cylindrical portion of the rotating shaft 3 deflect 1-10 degrees, the lower end of the rotating shaft 3 is connected with a spiral rod 8, and the lower end of the spiral rod 8 is connected with a rotating disc 9.
The rotating shaft blade 7 is any one of a triangular prism shape, a rectangular parallelepiped shape, and a quadrangular prism shape with chamfers or a combination of two or more.
The upper part of the rotating shaft 3 is provided with a catalyst bed layer 10, the catalyst bed layer 10 is a porous honeycomb catalyst bed, and the pore structure of the catalyst bed is any one of a circle, a square, a pentagon and a hexagon.
The feeding end of the primary screw feeder 5 is communicated with a storage bin 11, the upper side of the storage bin 11 is provided with a drying and baking device 12, and the drying and baking device 12 is any one of a dryer, a baking furnace, a high-temperature furnace flue gas heat baking device, a baking machine and a baking reactor.
An air pipe A13 and an air pipe B14 are arranged outside the lower side of the shell 1 in a surrounding mode, the air pipe A13 is arranged on the upper side of the air pipe B14, 2-8 through holes are evenly formed between the air pipe A13 and the shell 1 and between the air pipe B14 and the shell 1 respectively, air is introduced into the air pipe A13, non-condensable gas and fuel gas are introduced into the air pipe B14, a half-circle air pipe C15 is arranged outside the upper side of the shell 1 in a surrounding mode, and 2-8 through holes are formed between the two ends of the air pipe C15 and the shell 1.
An ash outlet 17 is arranged at the lower end of the shell 1, and a steam outlet 18 is also arranged at the top of the shell 1.
The shell 1 is made of a wear-resistant and high-temperature-resistant material, and the wear-resistant and high-temperature-resistant material is any one or a combination of two or more of heat-insulating refractory bricks, expanded perlite heat-insulating products, diatomite heat-insulating materials, asbestos heat-insulating materials, glass wool heat-insulating materials, aluminum silicate heat-insulating refractory mud, refractory plastic materials and sealing coatings.
The working principle is as follows:
through the dry biomass material who cures in getting into reaction cylinder 2 along tangential direction through one-level screw feeder 5 and second grade screw feeder 6, utilize the centrifugal force that pivot blade 7 provided, material and 2 jade closely contacts of high temperature reaction cylinder, realize biomass material's fast pyrolysis, produced pyrolysis steam carries out catalytic reforming through catalyst bed 10, gets into liquefaction condensing equipment through pyrolysis steam outlet 18 and carries out the condensation liquefaction with pyrolysis steam, obtains the bio-oil. A screw 8 connected to the shaft 3 separates the biochar from the reaction cylinder 2 and feeds it to the combustion zone for combustion. The non-condensable gas generated by pyrolysis can be sent into a combustion area to be combusted together with the biochar, so that energy recycling is realized. The flue gas that the burning produced is discharged by exhanst gas outlet 16, and exhanst gas outlet 16 is connected with dry roasting equipment 12 for the drying and the roasting of biomass material. An ash outlet 17 is arranged at the lower part of the combustion area for discharging ash.
The material cures through drying and baking device 12 and gets into storage silo 11, the rotational speed of adjusting one-level screw feeder 5 and second grade screw feeder 6 again comes to the fixed quantity constant speed feed in retort 2, the material realizes the pyrolysis through the frictional heat of retort 2 high temperature and material and retort 2 inner wall, the biochar that produces through the pyrolysis rotates under hob 8, realize the biochar and export in succession, again by 8 sub-unit connection turntables 9 of hob, get rid of the biochar to the combustion area, discharge by lime-ash export 17 at last. The reaction cylinder 2 is heated in a combustion area, an air pipe A13 and an air pipe B14, namely an air inlet and a non-condensable gas and fuel gas inlet, are arranged in the middle of the combustion area, and the temperature of the reaction cylinder 2 is controlled by matching air distribution quantity, generated biochar quantity and non-condensable gas quantity. When the temperature is low, the gas quantity is increased, and the air inlet quantity is controlled according to the requirement; when the temperature is high, the air inlet amount is increased, and the temperature of the combustion area is reduced.
Examples
The self-heating type vertical axial flow drum ablation reaction device can be used for producing bio-oil by pyrolyzing and liquefying biomass and producing pyrolysis gas by gasifying the biomass, and can be realized by only adjusting the rotating speed of the rotating shaft 3 and the temperature of the reaction cylinder 2 when the reaction device is used for different functions.
As shown in figure 1, the self-heating vertical shaft flow roller ablation pyrolysis reaction device comprises a drying and baking device 12, wherein the drying and baking device 12 is connected with a storage bin 11, the storage bin 11 is connected with a primary screw feeder 5 and a secondary screw feeder 6, and the secondary screw feeder 6 is connected with a self-heating vertical shaft flow roller ablation pyrolysis reactor.
The self-heating vertical axial flow roller ablation pyrolysis reactor comprises a shell 1 and a reaction cylinder 2 inside the shell 1, wherein a rotating shaft 3 is arranged inside the reaction cylinder 2, the upper end of the rotating shaft 3 is connected with a variable frequency motor 4 through a belt, the reaction cylinder 2 and the rotating shaft 3 are both in a cylindrical and truncated cone combined structure from top to bottom, the difference between the cone angles of the reaction cylinder and the rotating shaft is 20 degrees, the diameter of the cross section of the upper end of the truncated cone is larger than that of the cross section of the lower end of the truncated cone, a rotating shaft blade 7 is fixedly connected to the cylindrical outer portion of the rotating shaft 3, the rotating shaft blade 7 is in a triangular prism shape, the rotating shaft blade 7 deflects 5 degrees with a bus of the cylindrical portion of the rotating shaft 3, the lower end of the rotating shaft 3 is connected with a spiral rod 8, and the lower end of the spiral rod 8 is connected with a rotary table 9. The upper part of the rotating shaft 3 is provided with a catalyst bed layer 10, the catalyst bed layer 10 is a porous honeycomb catalyst bed, and the pore structure of the catalyst bed is square.
The drying and baking device 12 is a baking furnace.
The outer portion of the lower side of the shell 1 is surrounded by an air pipe A13 and an air pipe B14, four through holes are uniformly formed between the air pipe A13 and the shell 1 and between the air pipe B14 and the shell 1 respectively, air is introduced into the air pipe A13, incondensable gas and fuel gas are introduced into the air pipe B14, a half-circle air pipe C15 is surrounded on the outer portion of the upper side of the shell 1, and two through holes are formed between two ends of the air pipe C15 and the shell 1. An ash outlet 17 is arranged at the lower end of the shell 1, and a steam outlet 18 is also arranged at the top of the shell 1.
The biomass material is dried and baked in the baking furnace 12 and quantitatively fed into the second-stage spiral feeder 6 through the first-stage spiral feeder 5, the biomass material is fed into the reaction cylinder 2 at a constant speed through the second-stage spiral feeder 6, and the variable frequency motor 4 drives the rotating shaft 3 to rotate so as to provide centrifugal force for the biomass material. The reactor is heated to 500-550 ℃ from the beginning of operation of the gas afterburning, and the materials are contacted with the reaction cylinder 2, so that the rapid pyrolysis of the biomass materials is realized. The generated pyrolysis steam enters the square pore channels of the catalyst bed layer 10, is catalytically reformed by the catalyst in the pore channels, is discharged through the steam outlet 18, and is treated by a subsequent treatment device. The biochar generated by pyrolysis in the reaction cylinder 2 is sent out by a screw rod 8 and enters a combustion area for combustion, the flue gas generated by combustion is discharged from a flue gas outlet 16, the flue gas outlet 16 is connected with a baking furnace, and an ash residue outlet 17 is arranged at the lower part of the combustion area for discharging ash residues.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and should not be taken as limiting the scope of the present invention, which is intended to cover any modifications, equivalents, improvements, etc. within the spirit and scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. The utility model provides a self-heating formula vertical axis flow cylinder ablation pyrolysis reaction device, includes casing (1) and establishes reaction cylinder (2) inside casing (1), its characterized in that: a rotating shaft (3) is arranged in the reaction cylinder (2), the upper end of the rotating shaft (3) is connected with a variable frequency motor (4) through a belt, a primary spiral feeder (5) and a secondary spiral feeder (6) are arranged outside the shell (1), the discharge end of the primary spiral feeder (5) is communicated with the feed end of the secondary spiral feeder (6), and the discharge end of the secondary spiral feeder (6) is communicated with the upper part of the reaction cylinder (2);
the reaction cylinder (2) and the rotating shaft (3) are of a structure combining a cylindrical shape and a circular truncated cone shape from top to bottom, the circular truncated cone shape part of the reaction cylinder (2) and the rotating shaft (3) has a cone angle difference of 5-25 degrees, the diameter of the cross section of the upper end of the circular truncated cone shape is larger than that of the cross section of the lower end of the circular truncated cone shape, the cylindrical outer part of the rotating shaft (3) is fixedly connected with a rotating shaft blade (7), the rotating shaft blade (7) and a bus of the cylindrical part of the rotating shaft (3) deflect by 1-10 degrees, the lower end of the rotating shaft (3) is connected with a spiral rod (8), the lower end of the spiral rod (8) is connected with a rotary disc (9), biochar is thrown to a combustion area, and the reaction cylinder (2) is heated in the combustion area; the dried and baked biomass material enters the reaction cylinder (2) through the primary screw feeder (5) and the secondary screw feeder (6) along the tangential direction;
the feeding end of the primary screw feeder (5) is communicated with a storage bin (11), a drying and baking device (12) is arranged on the upper side of the storage bin (11), smoke generated by combustion is discharged from a smoke outlet (16), and the smoke outlet (16) is connected with the drying and baking device (12).
2. The self-heating vertical axis flow drum ablation pyrolysis reaction apparatus of claim 1, wherein: the rotating shaft blade (7) is in any one of a triangular prism shape, a rectangular parallelepiped shape and a quadrangular prism shape with chamfers or a combination of two or more than two of the triangular prism shape, the rectangular parallelepiped shape and the quadrangular prism shape.
3. The self-heating vertical axis flow drum ablation pyrolysis reaction apparatus of claim 1, wherein: the upper part of the rotating shaft (3) is provided with a catalyst bed layer (10), the catalyst bed layer (10) is a porous honeycomb catalyst bed, and the pore structure of the catalyst bed is any one of circular, square, pentagonal and hexagonal.
4. The self-heating vertical axis flow drum ablation pyrolysis reaction apparatus of claim 1, wherein: the outer portion of the lower side of the shell (1) is surrounded by a first air pipe (13) and a second air pipe (14), the first air pipe (13) is arranged on the upper side of the second air pipe (14), 2-8 through holes are respectively and uniformly formed between the first air pipe (13) and the shell (1) and between the second air pipe (14) and the shell (1), air is introduced into the first air pipe (13), and non-condensable gas and fuel gas generated by pyrolysis are introduced into the second air pipe (14).
5. The self-heating vertical axis flow drum ablation pyrolysis reaction apparatus of claim 1, wherein: an ash outlet (17) is formed in the lower end of the shell (1), a steam outlet (18) is formed in the top of the shell (1), and generated pyrolysis steam is discharged from the steam outlet (18).
6. The self-heating vertical axis flow drum ablation pyrolysis reaction apparatus of claim 1, wherein: the shell (1) is made of wear-resistant and high-temperature-resistant materials.
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