CN218601203U - Thermal desorption disposal contaminated soil heat conductivity coefficient test system - Google Patents
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Abstract
A thermal desorption disposal contaminated soil thermal conductivity coefficient test system comprises a test cavity, a heating furnace, an air pressure control system and a soil sample thermal conductivity coefficient test system, wherein the air pressure control system comprises an air pressure sensor, an air pressure control valve, a nitrogen source, a tail gas processor and a vacuum pump, the soil sample thermal conductivity coefficient test system comprises double probes, a lead, a direct current power supply, a multi-path temperature recorder and a thermal conductivity coefficient calculation system, and the double probes are inserted into a soil sample to be tested and are placed in the test cavity.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a high temperature thermal desorption and thermophysical property measurement field, concretely relates to thermal desorption deals with contaminated soil coefficient of heat conductivity test system.
Background
The thermal desorption technology is one of the most effective methods for treating the organic pollution field at present, and is widely applied due to the advantages of short treatment time, high efficiency and high safety. However, at present, the understanding of the heat transfer characteristics and the evolution mechanism of the organic polluted soil in the thermal desorption technology is not enough in China, and corresponding theories and experiences are lacked to guide engineering design. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a device for measuring the thermal conductivity of the contaminated soil in a high-temperature environment, and finally, the evolution law of the heat transfer characteristics of the repaired contaminated soil in the simulated thermal desorption process is realized. However, the existing heat probe on the domestic market has the following defects: 1. the test temperature range is small, and normal operation is difficult under the ultrahigh temperature environment; 2. the thermal conductivity can be measured only once in each measurement, in order to reduce the experimental error of the calculation of the thermal conductivity, the soil sample to be tested is often required to be subjected to parallel test, the temperature of the thermal probe required to work is cooled to the same temperature as that of the soil sample to be tested during the parallel test, a large amount of time can be consumed in the period, and the higher the environmental temperature of the soil sample to be tested is or the larger the temperature rise of the thermal probe is, the more the cooling time required by the thermal probe is.
Disclosure of Invention
For solving foretell technical problem, the utility model provides a thermal desorption is dealt with contaminated soil coefficient of heat conductivity test system can move under high temperature environment, and two kinds of different test methods of application simultaneously calculate two coefficient of heat conductivities respectively to same soil sample that awaits measuring and compare the verification and ask the mean value, effectively save the time of carrying out parallel test under high temperature environment to reduce and calculate coefficient of heat conductivity experimental error.
The utility model discloses a following technical scheme realizes: the utility model provides a thermal desorption handles contaminated soil coefficient of heat conductivity test system, component element includes experimental chamber, heating furnace, atmospheric pressure control system and soil sample coefficient of heat conductivity test system, and component element concrete structure and relation of connection are:
the test cavity is arranged in the heating furnace, a thermocouple inside the test cavity is connected with a temperature control system of the heating furnace, the air inlet end of the air pressure control system is sequentially connected with the first air pressure control valve and the nitrogen source, and the air outlet end of the air pressure control system is sequentially connected with the air pressure sensor, the second air pressure control valve, the tail gas processor and the vacuum pump.
The soil sample heat conductivity coefficient testing system comprises double probes, a lead, a direct current power supply, a multi-path temperature recorder and a heat conductivity coefficient calculating system, wherein the double probes are inserted into a soil sample to be tested and are placed into a test cavity together, and the double probes are connected with the direct current power supply and the multi-path temperature recorder through the lead; the heat conductivity coefficient calculation system is externally connected with a multi-channel temperature recorder.
The double-probe comprises two parallel probes, the first probe and the second probe both comprise stainless steel needle tubes, stainless steel conical needle points, thermocouples, ceramic insulating paint, insulating spherical alumina powder filler, sealing heads and convex needle caps, and alloy heating wires are arranged in the first probe; and a solid capillary steel pipe is welded at the circle center position of the stainless steel conical needle point at the lower end of the first probe.
The first probe and the second probe are fixed at the lower end of the convex needle cap in a welding mode, the parallel distance between the two probes is 15 +/-1 mm, and the alloy heating wire and the thermocouple wire are led out from the upper end of the convex needle cap.
The upper ends of the stainless steel needle tubes of the first probe and the second probe are sealing heads, and the lower ends of the stainless steel needle tubes are stainless steel conical needle points.
And the interiors of the first probe and the second probe are fully filled with insulating spherical alumina powder fillers, and ceramic insulating coatings are respectively coated on the surfaces of the solid capillary steel pipe and the alloy heating wire.
And a solid capillary steel pipe with the diameter of 0.3-0.5mm and the length of 90-140mm is welded at the circle center of the stainless steel conical tip at the lower end of the first probe.
The temperature measuring points of the two thermocouples of the first probe and the second probe extend to the middle height position of the stainless steel needle tube, the alloy heating wires are arranged on the surface of the solid capillary steel tube of the first probe in parallel in a spiral winding mode, and the length of the alloy heating wires is consistent with that of the solid capillary steel tube.
The stainless steel needle tubes of the first probe and the second probe are consistent in diameter and thickness, the outer diameter is 2-3mm, the inner diameter is 1.8-2.8mm, and the length is 100-150mm.
The diameter of the alloy heating wire is 0.3-0.5mm; the diameter of the thermocouple is 0.3-0.5mm, and the precision is 0.01K.
All high temperature resistant components are resistant to over 600 ℃.
The utility model discloses a beneficial achievement lies in:
1. the soil sample to be measured is heated and decompressed through a high-temperature heating furnace and an air pressure control system, so that the temperature rise process of the soil body under various high-temperature and negative-pressure working conditions of in-situ thermal desorption can be simulated; the soil sample heat conductivity coefficient test system can measure the heat conductivity coefficient under a series of complex high-temperature working conditions in the thermal desorption process, and ensures that components in the double probes normally run at high temperature.
2. The utility model discloses a two probes benefit from and utilize two kinds of different test methods to calculate two heat conductivities respectively to the same soil sample that awaits measuring and contrast the verification and ask the mean value, effectively save the time of carrying out parallel test under high temperature environment, reduce and calculate heat conductivity experiment error.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is the structural schematic diagram of the thermal desorption disposal contaminated soil thermal conductivity test system of the present invention.
Figure 2 is thermal desorption handle contaminated soil thermal conductivity test system's two probe schematic diagrams.
Labeled as: a heating furnace-101, a first air pressure control valve-105, a second air pressure control valve-102, an air pressure sensor-103, a nitrogen source-104, a tail gas processor-106, a vacuum pump-107, a silicon carbide rod-108, a thermocouple-109, activated carbon-110, a filter plate-111, an air inlet pipe-112, an air outlet pipe-113, a reserved hole-114, a tail gas processor air inlet pipe-115, a tail gas processor air outlet pipe-116, a soil sample test chamber-117, a double probe-201, a wire-202, a direct current power supply-203, a multi-path temperature recorder-204, a thermal conductivity coefficient calculation system-205, a stainless steel needle pipe-301, a stainless steel cone needle point 1-302, a stainless steel cone needle point 2-303, an alloy heating wire-304, a thermocouple-305, a sealing head-306, an insulating spherical alumina powder filler-307, a convex needle cap-308, a solid capillary steel pipe-309, a convex capillary aluminum powder filler-307
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention will be further described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
Example 1
As shown in figure 1, thermal desorption handles contaminated soil thermal conductivity test system, including soil sample test chamber 117, heating furnace 101, air pressure control system and soil sample thermal conductivity test system.
The heating furnace 101 is internally provided with a heating heat source silicon carbide rod 108 and a thermocouple 109 which are respectively used for heating and monitoring the temperature in the furnace, the heating heat source silicon carbide rod 108 and the thermocouple 109 are connected with an intelligent temperature control program module of the high-temperature heating furnace 101 through wires, the heating mode of the heating furnace is controlled by setting the intelligent temperature control program module, and the heating rate, the heating temperature range, the heating retention time and the heating power are controlled.
The air pressure control system comprises an air pressure sensor 103, a first air pressure control valve 105, a second air pressure control valve 102, a nitrogen source 104, an off-gas processor 106 and a vacuum pump 107. The air pressure sensor 103 is arranged beside the air outlet pipe 113 of the heating furnace, and the air pressure sensor 103 can monitor the air pressure in the high-temperature heating furnace in real time; the nitrogen source 104 is sequentially connected with the first air pressure control valve 105 and the air inlet pipe 112, and the nitrogen source can release nitrogen by adjusting the control valve, so that air in the furnace is discharged from the air outlet pipe 113 and the experimental soil sample in the furnace is in an inert gas atmosphere; the second air pressure control valve 102 is arranged in the air outlet pipe 113 and is used for controlling the air pressure in the high-temperature heating furnace 101, and if the air pressure in the furnace is higher than a set air pressure value in the test process, the pressure is automatically released; an air inlet pipe 115 at the upper end of the tail gas processor 106 is connected with an air outlet pipe 113 of the high-temperature heating furnace 101, and the middle of the tail gas processor 106 is stored with activated carbon 110 and a filter plate 111 for adsorbing and purifying waste gas generated in the experimental process; the vacuum pump 107 is connected with a lower end gas outlet pipe 116 of the tail gas processor 106, and the vacuum pump 107 can not only accelerate the extraction of waste gas in the heating furnace, but also enable the heating furnace 101 to form a negative pressure working condition.
The soil sample thermal conductivity testing system comprises a double probe 201, a lead 202, a direct current power supply 203, a multi-path temperature recorder 204 and a thermal conductivity calculating system 205. The double-probe 201 body comprises a stainless steel needle tube 301, stainless steel conical needle points 1-302, stainless steel conical needle points 2-303, an alloy heating wire 304, a thermocouple 305, ceramic insulating paint, insulating spherical alumina powder filler 307, a sealing head 306 and a convex needle cap 308. The stainless steel conical needle points 1-302 are connected to the lower end of the stainless steel needle tube 301 through welding so as to be conveniently inserted into a material to be detected; the alloy heating wire 304 is spirally wound on the solid capillary steel tube 309 with the stainless steel conical needle point 1-302, and the winding length is consistent with that of the solid capillary steel tube 309, so that enough heat is kept in the first probe and the temperature is uniformly distributed; the thermocouple 305 is inserted into the stainless steel needle tube 301, and the temperature measuring point extends to the middle height of the needle tube and is used for measuring the temperature change of the double-probe 201; the ceramic coating is coated on the surfaces of the alloy heating wire 304 and the solid capillary steel tube 309, and the coating can keep high heat conduction and insulation shielding current at high temperature; the insulating spherical alumina powder filler 307 is fully compacted in the gap of the stainless steel needle tube 301, and then the sealing head 306 is used for sealing the top end of the stainless steel needle tube 301 and fixing the thermocouple 305 and the sealing filler 307 in the stainless steel needle tube 301; the double probes 201 are fixed at the lower end of the convex needle cap 308 by the convex needle cap 308 in a welding mode, the distance between the convex needle cap 308 and the double probes is 15 +/-1 mm, the convex needle cap and the double probes are kept vertically and parallelly, and the alloy heating wires 304 and the thermocouple 305 are led out through the upper end of the convex needle cap 308; the direct current power supply 203 is connected with the alloy heating wire 304 by a lead 202, and the direct current power supply 203 provides adjustable and stable current for the alloy heating wire 304; the multi-path temperature recorder 204 is connected with the thermocouple 305 through a lead, and the multi-path temperature recorder 204 records the change data of the temperature of the thermocouple 305 along with time; the heat conductivity coefficient calculation system 205 receives and processes the temperature signals of the multi-channel temperature recorder 204, and calculates the heat conductivity coefficient of the soil sample to be measured through data processing by combining the heat probe method and the parallel hot wire method principle.
The diameter and the thickness of the needle tube of the double-probe 201 are consistent, the outer diameter is 2-3mm, the inner diameter is 1.8-2.8mm, and the length is 100-150mm.
The alloy heating wire 304 is a nickel-chromium alloy heating wire with the diameter of 0.3-0.5mm, and the thermocouple 305 is a customized K-type thermocouple with the diameter of 0.3-0.5mm and the precision of 0.01K.
The diameter of the solid capillary steel pipe 309 is 0.3-0.5mm, and the length is 90-140mm.
The sealing head 306 is machined from a ceramic insulating coating.
The heat conductivity coefficient calculation system 205 calculates the heat conductivity coefficient of the soil sample to be measured according to the heat probe method and the parallel hot-wire method principle based on the time-varying data of the temperatures of the first probe and the second probe under the constant current recorded by the multi-channel temperature recorder 204.
All high temperature resistant components are resistant to over 600 ℃.
Example 2
This embodiment does the utility model discloses in thermal desorption handles contaminated soil coefficient of heat conductivity test system's application method, concrete operating procedure as follows:
(1) Before heating, a cylindrical soil sample to be measured is placed in the soil sample test cavity 117, the double-probe 201 is vertically inserted into the cylindrical soil sample, the first probe with the alloy heating wire needs to be inserted into the circle center of the cylindrical soil sample, a lead 202 of the double-probe 201 is led out from a preformed hole 114 in the top of the heating furnace 101 and is respectively connected with the direct-current power supply 203 and the multi-path temperature recorder 204, then the preformed hole is blocked by heat preservation cotton, and the heat conductivity coefficient calculation system 205 is externally connected with the multi-path temperature recorder 204.
(2) And (3) automatically inputting an instruction in an intelligent temperature control program module of the heating furnace according to the heating working condition, and controlling the heating rate, the heating time, the heating temperature and the heat preservation time.
(3) Opening the first air pressure control valve 105 and the second air pressure control valve 102, releasing nitrogen, discharging air in the furnace from an exhaust pipe 113 through an exhaust gas processor 106 and a vacuum pump 107, enabling the soil sample in the furnace to be in an inert gas atmosphere, then closing the first air pressure control valve 105, adjusting the second air pressure control valve 102 to a required pressure set value, opening the vacuum pump 107 to exhaust air to form a negative pressure environment in the heating furnace, reading the pressure value in the furnace through an air pressure sensor 103, closing the vacuum pump 107 when the read air pressure value is consistent with the pressure set value of the second air pressure control valve 102, and after the adjustment is completed, opening a heating switch of the heating furnace to start heating.
(4) After the furnace is heated to a set temperature, the soil sample is heated uniformly at a constant temperature for a period of time, and when the temperature difference of two thermocouples in the double-probe 201 read by the multi-path temperature recorder 204 is not more than 0.05 ℃, the temperature of the soil sample is stable.
(5) And (4) after the requirements of the step (4) are met, the direct-current power supply 203 is turned on, the set constant current is manually adjusted according to the requirements to electrify the alloy heating wire 304, meanwhile, the temperature rise and the corresponding time of the two thermocouples 305 are continuously recorded by the multi-path temperature recorder 204 and fed back to the heat conductivity coefficient calculation system 205 to obtain the temperature rise curves of the first probe and the second probe, and the heat conductivity coefficient of the soil sample is inversely calculated according to a heat probe method and a parallel hot wire method formula.
The calculation formula of the thermal probe method is as follows:
in the formula, Δ T and lnt 1 The linear relation is formed on the coordinate axes, lambda is the heat conductivity coefficient and is expressed by W/(m.K), q is the heating power of the first probe per unit length and is expressed by W/m and t 1 The time interval between the start of the test and the start of the change in temperature of the second probe is given in s, Δ T is T 1 The temperature rise of the first probe in time is in units of K, I is the current passing through the alloy heating wire in units of A, R is the resistance of the alloy heating wire in units of omega, and H is the length of the stainless steel needle tube of the first probe in units of m;
the calculation formula of the parallel hot-line method is as follows:
wherein λ is thermal conductivity and has a unit of W/(m.K), q is heating power per unit length of the first probe and has a unit of W/m, E i Is an exponential integral function, r is the distance between the first probe and the second probe of 15 +/-1 mm, alpha is the thermal diffusion coefficient of the soil sample to be measured and has the unit of m 2 /s，t 2 For the whole test time from the start of the test to the end of the test, the unit is s, and Delta theta is t 2 The elevated temperature of the second probe over time is in K.
(6) After the heat conductivity coefficient measurement is completed, a large amount of waste gas is generated after the contaminated soil is heated, the vacuum pump 107 is turned on, and the waste gas is extracted by the vacuum pump 107 and is absorbed, purified and discharged from the heating furnace 101 through the exhaust pipe 113 and the tail gas treatment box 106.
Example 3
This embodiment does the utility model discloses in thermal desorption handles contaminated soil thermal conductivity test system's test method's application example, concrete operating procedure is as follows:
the experiment is carried out according to the experimental steps of the embodiment 2, the experimental working condition is that the temperature in the furnace is 400 ℃, the pressure in the furnace is 101.325kPa, the soil body to be detected is silty clay, the length of the stainless steel needle tube of the first probe is 100mm, the resistance of the alloy heating wire is 1 omega, and the calculation process of the heat conductivity coefficient of the soil body to be detected according to the thermal probe method is as follows: firstly, manually adjusting the direct current power supply 203 to provide current 1A for the alloy heating wire 304, and calculating the heating power per unit length of the first probe as follows: q =10W/m, and
the first derivative of the temperature rise and the time logarithm of the first probe is obtained, so that the slope of a fitting straight line of the temperature rise and the time logarithm of the first probe is obtained by the least square normal fitting of the thermal conductivity calculation system 205, and the thermal conductivity calculation result of the thermal probe method is as follows:
meanwhile, the heat conductivity coefficient of the soil body to be measured obtained according to the parallel hot wire method is calculated as follows:
first, the heat conductivity coefficient is determined by a heat conductivity coefficient calculation system
The ratio is then determined according to the Specification "test method for Heat conductivity of refractory Material" (GTB 5990-2006) of Table 2
And
to determine Δ θ (t) 2 ) Corresponding to
Value of will
Δθ(t 2 ) And substituting q into the formula (3) to calculate the heat conductivity of the soil body to be measured, referring to the 'test method for heat conductivity of refractory material' (GTB 5990-2006) in the specific calculation process, which is not described more herein, wherein the calculation result of the method is lambda = 0.235W/(m.K), and finally the heat conductivity of the soil body to be measured is
Claims (9)
1. Thermal desorption handles contaminated soil coefficient of heat conductivity test system, its characterized in that: including test chamber, heating furnace, atmospheric pressure control system and soil sample coefficient of heat conductivity test system, specific structure and relation of connection are:
the test cavity is arranged in the heating furnace, a thermocouple inside the test cavity is connected with a temperature control system of the heating furnace, the air inlet end of the air pressure control system is sequentially connected with a first air pressure control valve and a nitrogen source, and the air outlet end of the air pressure control system is sequentially connected with an air pressure sensor, a second air pressure control valve, a tail gas processor and a vacuum pump;
the soil sample thermal conductivity test system comprises a double probe, a wire, a direct current power supply, a multi-path temperature recorder and a thermal conductivity calculation system, wherein the double probe is inserted into a soil sample to be tested and is placed into a test cavity together, the double probe is connected with the direct current power supply and the multi-path temperature recorder through the wire, and the thermal conductivity calculation system is externally connected with the multi-path temperature recorder.
2. The thermal desorption disposal contaminated soil thermal conductivity test system of claim 1, wherein: the double-probe comprises a first probe and a second probe which are parallel, the first probe and the second probe respectively comprise a stainless steel needle tube, a stainless steel conical needle point, a thermocouple, a ceramic insulating coating, an insulating spherical alumina powder filler, a sealing head and a convex needle cap, and an alloy heating wire is arranged in the first probe; a solid capillary steel pipe is welded at the circle center position of the stainless steel conical needle point at the lower end of the first probe;
the first probe and the second probe are fixed at the lower end of the convex needle cap in a welding mode, the parallel distance between the two probes is 15 +/-1 mm, and the alloy heating wire and the thermocouple wire are led out from the upper end of the convex needle cap.
3. The thermal desorption disposal contaminated soil thermal conductivity test system of claim 2, wherein: the upper ends of the stainless steel needle tubes of the first probe and the second probe are sealing heads, the lower ends of the stainless steel needle tubes are stainless steel conical needle points, and the interiors of the first probe and the second probe are fully filled with insulating spherical alumina powder filling materials.
4. The thermal desorption handles contaminated soil thermal conductivity test system of claim 2, characterized in that: and ceramic insulating paint is coated on the surfaces of the solid capillary steel pipe and the alloy heating wire.
5. The thermal desorption disposal contaminated soil thermal conductivity test system of claim 2, wherein: and a solid capillary steel pipe with the diameter of 0.3-0.5mm and the length of 90-140mm is welded at the center of the stainless steel conical tip at the lower end of the first probe.
6. The thermal desorption disposal contaminated soil thermal conductivity test system of claim 2, wherein: the temperature measuring points of the thermocouples of the first probe and the second probe extend to the middle height position of the stainless steel needle tube, the alloy heating wires are arranged on the surface of the solid capillary steel tube of the first probe in parallel in a spiral winding mode, and the length of the alloy heating wires is consistent with that of the solid capillary steel tube.
7. The thermal desorption disposal contaminated soil thermal conductivity test system of claim 2, wherein: the stainless steel needle tubes of the first probe and the second probe are consistent in diameter and thickness, the outer diameter is 2-3mm, the inner diameter is 1.8-2.8mm, and the length is 100-150mm.
8. The thermal desorption handles contaminated soil thermal conductivity test system of claim 2, characterized in that: the diameter of the alloy heating wire is 0.3-0.5mm; the diameter of the thermocouple is 0.3-0.5mm, and the precision is 0.01K.
9. The thermal desorption disposal contaminated soil thermal conductivity test system according to any one of claims 1 or 2, wherein: and the heat conductivity coefficient calculation system calculates the heat conductivity coefficient of the soil sample to be measured according to the heat probe method and the parallel hot wire method principle according to the change data of the temperature of the first probe and the second probe along with time under the constant current recorded by the multi-path temperature recorder.
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