CN218542345U - Expansion power generation device and fuel cell fixed power generation system - Google Patents
Expansion power generation device and fuel cell fixed power generation system Download PDFInfo
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- CN218542345U CN218542345U CN202222751675.2U CN202222751675U CN218542345U CN 218542345 U CN218542345 U CN 218542345U CN 202222751675 U CN202222751675 U CN 202222751675U CN 218542345 U CN218542345 U CN 218542345U
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
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- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
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Abstract
The utility model discloses an expansion power generation device and a fuel cell fixed power generation system, which comprises a turbine expansion power generation module and a generator control module, wherein the turbine expansion power generation module comprises a generator, a first turbine expander and a second turbine expander, the first turbine expander is arranged on one side of the generator and is communicated with a tail gas discharge end of a fuel cell stack, and the second turbine expander is arranged on the other side of the generator and is communicated with the tail gas discharge end of the fuel cell stack; the generator control module is connected with the turbine expansion generating module, converts the high-frequency alternating current generated by the turbine expansion generating module into direct current and is connected to a generating system; the expansion power generation device realizes large-flow energy recovery for tail gas discharged by the fuel cell stack through the structural design of parallel input of the two expansion machines, balances the axial force of the power generator body, improves the stability and the reliability of the system, and improves the efficiency of the power generation system by transmitting direct current to the power generation system by the power generator control module.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model belongs to the technical field of fuel cell power generation, in particular to expansion power generation facility, fixed power generation system of fuel cell.
Background
The fuel cell power generation system mainly comprises a galvanic pile, a hydrogen supply system, an air supply system, a thermal management system and the like, wherein the air supply system conveys pressurized air to the galvanic pile through an air compressor to participate in reaction, so that the power density and the efficiency of the system are improved. However, only a part of oxygen in the compressed air participates in the reaction, and the rest of the oxygen is discharged to the atmosphere together with high temperature, so that energy waste is caused. Therefore, one end of an air compressor is designed into a turbo expander in the current fuel cell system, waste energy is recycled, and parasitic power consumption of the air compressor system is reduced.
Patent document 1 (application No. 202110377362.2) and patent document 2 (application No. 2021121066311. X) propose two systems combining a two-stage air compressor and a single-stage air compressor with an expander, and such three-stage compression has great advantages in terms of economy, stability and convenience in implementation compared with a high-power fuel cell power generation system using a single air compressor in a design of recovering energy by using an expander, but in a high-power fuel cell stationary power generation system, due to the increase of power and flow requirements, the amount of exhaust gas flow generated is also increased at the same time, and the stability of the power generation system and the recovered energy are affected.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
Utility model purpose: in order to overcome not enough above, the utility model aims at providing an expansion power generation facility, the fixed power generation system of fuel cell, a reasonable design, retrieve in unison the tail gas energy that fuel cell piles discharged, the high frequency alternating current of production passes through generator control module's rectification again, the conversion of step-up and stationary flow, carry to the direct current generating line of fuel cell system in, its operation structure is independent of air compressor, entire system's stability and reliability have further been increased, rely on the energy of retrieving simultaneously can improve power generation system's efficiency.
The technical scheme is as follows: in order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides an expansion power generation device, a fuel cell fixed power generation system, comprising a turbine expansion power generation module and a generator control module, wherein the turbine expansion power generation module comprises a generator, a first turbine expander and a second turbine expander, the first turbine expander is installed at one side of the generator and is communicated with a tail gas discharge end of a fuel cell stack, and the second turbine expander is installed at the other side of the generator and is communicated with the tail gas discharge end of the fuel cell stack; the generator control module is connected with the turbine expansion generating module, converts high-frequency alternating current generated by the turbine expansion generating module into direct current and is connected to a generating system; the expansion power generation device carries out unified treatment on tail gas exhausted by the fuel cell stack through the structural design of parallel input of the two expanders, can realize the energy recovery of large-flow tail gas, balances the axial force of the generator body, improves the stability and the reliability of the system, and can improve the efficiency of a power generation system by the aid of the generator control module to transmit generated high-frequency alternating current to a direct-current bus of the fuel cell system through rectification, boosting and steady-flow conversion of a generator controller.
Further, in the expansion power generation device, the generator is a permanent magnet synchronous generator, and the permanent magnet synchronous generator is supported by an air bearing or a ball bearing.
Furthermore, in the expansion power generation device, the pneumatic structures of the first turbo expander and the second turbo expander adopt fixed guide vanes, and the fixed guide vanes can improve the tail gas recovery efficiency.
Further, the expansion power generation device further comprises a water separator, wherein the water separator is arranged at the tail gas discharge end of the fuel cell stack; the water separator can separate and reduce liquid water in tail gas, so that impellers, bearings and motors of the first turbo-expander and the second turbo-expander are protected.
Further, the expansion power generation device further comprises a bypass valve, wherein the bypass valve is arranged at one end of the water separator; the bypass valve is opened and closed through the generator control module, and the problem of overspeed or underspeed of airflow can be solved.
Further, in the above expansion power generation device, the first turbo-expander is of a straight flow type or a mixed flow type, and the second turbo-expander is of a straight flow type or a mixed flow type.
Further, a fuel cell stationary power generation system comprises the expansion power generation device, and further comprises an air supply device, a hydrogen supply device and a fuel cell stack, wherein the exhaust end of the hydrogen supply device is communicated with the first air inlet end of the fuel cell stack, the exhaust end of the air supply device is communicated with the second air inlet end of the fuel cell stack, and the tail gas discharge end of the fuel cell stack is communicated with the air inlet end of the expansion power generation device; the expansion power generation device realizes energy recovery of large-flow tail gas and improves power generation efficiency.
Above-mentioned technical scheme can find out, the utility model discloses following beneficial effect has:
1. the utility model provides a pair of fixed power generation system of inflation power generation facility, fuel cell, generator control module pass through the rectification with the high frequency alternating current, boost and convert the direct current to, carry fuel cell power generation system's direct current generating line, when compromise satisfying high-power fuel cell power generation system to higher pressure ratio, more large-traffic compressed air's demand, the consumption of reducing system improves power generation system's efficiency.
2. The expansion power generation device can uniformly treat tail gas discharged by the fuel cell stack through the structural design of parallel input of the expansion machines on two sides, can realize the energy recovery of large-flow tail gas, balances the axial force of the generator body and improves the stability and the reliability of the system.
3. The expansion power generation device and the air supply device are structurally independent from each other, and the stability and the reliability of the high-power fuel cell power generation system are further improved.
4. A water separator is additionally arranged between the expansion power generation device and the fuel cell stack, and liquid water in tail gas is separated through the water separator, so that impellers, bearings and motors of the first turbo-expander and the second turbo-expander are protected; a bypass valve is additionally arranged at one end of the water separator and is opened and closed through a generator control module, and the problem of overspeed or underspeed of airflow can be solved.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of an expansion power generation device according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a fuel cell stationary power generation system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
in the figure: the system comprises a 1-turbo expansion power generation module, a 11-power generator, a 12-first turbo expander, a 13-second turbo expander, a 2-power generator control module, a 3-fuel cell stack, a 4-water separator, a 5-bypass valve, a 6-air supply device, a 61-air filtering module, a 62-driving motor, a 63-first-stage compressor, a 64-second-stage compressor, a 65-intercooler and a 66-humidifier, wherein T1 is the first turbo expander, T2 is the second turbo expander, V1 is the bypass valve, C1 is the first-stage compressor and C2 is the second-stage compressor.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further elucidated with reference to the drawings and the embodiments.
Reference will now be made in detail to embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like reference numerals refer to the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar function throughout. The embodiments described below by referring to the drawings are exemplary intended for explaining the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "clockwise", "counterclockwise" and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplicity of description, but do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
Furthermore, the terms "first", "second" and "first" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise specified, "a plurality" means two or more unless explicitly defined otherwise.
In the present invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly, e.g., as being fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific situations by those of ordinary skill in the art.
In the present disclosure, unless expressly stated or limited otherwise, the first feature "on" or "under" the second feature may comprise direct contact between the first and second features, or may comprise contact between the first and second features not directly. Also, the first feature being "on," "above" and "over" the second feature includes the first feature being directly on and obliquely above the second feature, or merely indicating that the first feature is at a higher level than the second feature. A first feature being "under," "below," and "beneath" a second feature includes the first feature being directly under and obliquely below the second feature, or simply meaning that the first feature is at a lesser elevation than the second feature.
As shown in fig. 1, an expansion power generation apparatus provided by an embodiment of the present invention includes a turbine expansion power generation module 1 and a generator control module 2, the turbine expansion power generation module 1 includes a generator 11, a first turbine expander 12 and a second turbine expander 13, the first turbine expander 12 is installed on one side of the generator 11 and is communicated with a tail gas discharge end of the fuel cell stack 3, the second turbine expander 13 is installed on the other side of the generator 11 and is communicated with the tail gas discharge end of the fuel cell stack 3; the generator control module 2 is connected with the turbine expansion generating module 1, converts high-frequency alternating current generated by the turbine expansion generating module 1 into direct current and is connected into a generating system.
Specifically, the first turbo expander 12 and the second turbo expander 13 adopt a parallel input mode to increase energy recovered by large-flow exhaust gas, the generator control module 2 firstly takes electricity from a power generation system to drive the engine to operate, after the exhaust gas discharged by the fuel cell stack 3 enters the first turbo expander 12 and the second turbo expander 13, the first turbo expander 12 and the second turbo expander 13 are driven to rotate, and the first turbo expander 12 and the second turbo expander 13 are respectively connected with the generator 11 through a transmission part, so that the engine is driven to generate power when the first turbo expander 12 and the second turbo expander 13 rotate.
Further, the generator 11 is a permanent magnet synchronous generator, and the permanent magnet synchronous generator is supported by an air bearing or a ball bearing.
Further, the pneumatic structure of the first turbo-expander 12 and the second turbo-expander 13 adopts a fixed guide vane, and the fixed guide vane can improve the tail gas recovery efficiency.
Further, the expansion power generation device further comprises a water separator 4, wherein the water separator 4 is arranged at a tail gas discharge end of the fuel cell stack 3, and the water separator 4 can separate and reduce liquid water in the tail gas, so that impellers, bearings and motors of the first turbo expander 12 and the second turbo expander 13 are protected.
Further, the expansion power generation device further comprises a bypass valve 5, the bypass valve 5 is arranged at one end of the water separator 4, and the bypass valve 5 is opened and closed through the generator control module 2, so that the problem of overspeed or underspeed of airflow can be solved.
Further, the first turbo-expander 12 is of a straight flow type or a mixed flow type, and the second turbo-expander 13 is of a straight flow type or a mixed flow type.
The expansion power generation device is arranged at an outlet of the fuel cell stack 3, when the expansion power generation device works, the generator control module 2 serves as an inverter, firstly, electricity is taken from a system to drive an engine to operate, the first turbo expander 12 and the second turbo expander 13 are in a motor mode for a short time, tail gas discharged by the fuel cell stack 3 enters the first turbo expander 12 and the second turbo expander 13 through the water separator 4 to drive the first turbo expander 12 and the second turbo expander 13 to rotate, the first turbo expander 12 and the second turbo expander 13 are respectively connected with the generator 11 through a transmission part, so that the first turbo expander 12 and the second turbo expander 13 can drive the engine to generate power when rotating, when the rotating speed of the generator 11 is increased, the generator control module 2 stops taking electricity from the power generation system, high-frequency alternating current generated by the turbo expansion power generation module 1 is connected into the power generation system after rectification, boosting and current stabilization, and at the moment, the expansion power generation device is in a power generation mode.
Example two
As shown in the drawing, the present embodiment provides a fixed fuel cell power generation system, which includes the expansion power generation device of the first embodiment, and further includes an air supply device 6, a hydrogen supply device, and a fuel cell stack 3, wherein an exhaust end of the hydrogen supply device is communicated with a first air inlet end of the fuel cell stack 3, the air supply device 6 includes an air filter module 61, a driving motor 62, a first stage compressor 64, a second stage compressor 63, an intercooler 65, and a humidifier 66, an exhaust end of the air filter module 61 is communicated with an air inlet end of the first stage compressor 64, an exhaust end of the first stage compressor 64 is communicated with an air inlet end of the second stage compressor 63, an exhaust end of the second stage compressor is communicated with an air inlet end of the intercooler 65, an exhaust end of the intercooler 65 is communicated with an air inlet end of the humidifier 66, an exhaust end of the humidifier 66 is connected with a second air inlet end of the fuel cell stack 3, and an exhaust end of the fuel cell stack 3 is communicated with an air inlet end of the water separator 4.
Specifically, the first-stage compressor 64 and the second-stage compressor 63 are connected in series, and the first-stage compressor 64 and the second-stage compressor 63 are driven by the same driving motor 62.
The fuel cell fixed power generation system comprises three operation stages, wherein the first stage is a starting stage, the driving motor 62 is started, the bypass valve 5 is kept normally open, the power generation control module 2 obtains power from the power generation system and drives the power generator 11 to operate, and the power generator 11 is in an idling warming working condition at the moment.
The second stage is a power generation stage, air enters the first-stage compressor 64 after passing through the air filtering module 61, the first compressor compresses the air and then discharges the air into the second-stage compressor, and the second-stage compressor performs secondary compression on the air; the air after secondary compression passes through the intercooler 65 and the humidifier and then enters the fuel cell stack 3 to participate in reaction, hydrogen also enters the fuel cell stack 3 to participate in reaction, and electricity, water and gas are generated through reaction; at the moment, the bypass valve 5 is closed, tail gas discharged by the fuel cell stack 3 is conveyed to the turbine expansion power generation module 1 through the water separator 4, the tail gas pushes the first turbine expander 12 and the second turbine expander 13 to rotate, after the rotating speed of the generator 11 is increased, the generator control module 2 stops getting electricity from the power generation system, high-frequency alternating current generated by the turbine expansion power generation module 1 is connected into the power generation system after rectification, pressure increase and current stabilization, at the moment, the expansion power generation device is in a power generation mode, and the tail gas after energy recovery is discharged into the atmosphere.
The third stage is a shutdown stage, the air supply device 6 stops running, the bypass valve 5 is kept fully opened, freezing and clamping stagnation in the next running can be avoided, tail gas discharged by the fuel cell stack 3 is directly discharged into the atmosphere after passing through the water separator 4, and the generator 11 freely reduces the speed until the stop of the operation.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, a plurality of modifications can be made without departing from the principles of the present invention, and these modifications should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. An expansion power generation device comprises a turbine expansion power generation module (1) and a generator control module (2), and is characterized in that:
the turbine expansion power generation module (1) comprises a power generator (11), a first turbine expansion machine (12) and a second turbine expansion machine (13), wherein the first turbine expansion machine (12) is installed on one side of the power generator (11) and is communicated with the tail gas discharge end of the fuel cell stack (3), and the second turbine expansion machine (13) is installed on the other side of the power generator (11) and is communicated with the tail gas discharge end of the fuel cell stack (3);
the generator control module (2) is connected with the turbine expansion generating module (1), converts high-frequency alternating current generated by the turbine expansion generating module (1) into direct current and is connected into a generating system.
2. An expansion power plant according to claim 1, characterized in that: the generator (11) is a permanent magnet synchronous generator which is supported by an air bearing or a ball bearing.
3. An expansion power plant according to claim 1, characterized in that: the pneumatic structures of the first turbo-expander (12) and the second turbo-expander (13) adopt fixed guide vanes.
4. An expansion power plant according to claim 1, characterized in that: the fuel cell system is characterized by further comprising a water separator (4), wherein the water separator (4) is arranged at a tail gas discharge end of the fuel cell stack (3).
5. An expansion power plant according to claim 4, characterized in that: the water separator is characterized by further comprising a bypass valve (5), wherein the bypass valve (5) is arranged at one end of the water separator (4).
6. An expansion power plant according to claim 1, characterized in that: the first turbo-expander (12) is of a straight-flow type or a mixed-flow type, and the second turbo-expander (13) is of a straight-flow type or a mixed-flow type.
7. A fuel cell stationary power generation system characterized by: the expansion power generation device of any one of claims 1 to 6, further comprising an air supply device (6), a hydrogen supply device and a fuel cell stack (3), wherein the exhaust end of the hydrogen supply device is communicated with the first air inlet end of the fuel cell stack, the exhaust end of the air supply device (6) is communicated with the second air inlet end of the fuel cell stack (3), and the exhaust end of the fuel cell stack (3) is communicated with the air inlet end of the expansion power generation device.
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| CN202222751675.2U CN218542345U (en) | 2022-10-19 | 2022-10-19 | Expansion power generation device and fuel cell fixed power generation system |
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| CN202222751675.2U CN218542345U (en) | 2022-10-19 | 2022-10-19 | Expansion power generation device and fuel cell fixed power generation system |
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