CN218510909U - Low-nitrogen combustion system for household garbage - Google Patents
Low-nitrogen combustion system for household garbage Download PDFInfo
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- CN218510909U CN218510909U CN202222448407.3U CN202222448407U CN218510909U CN 218510909 U CN218510909 U CN 218510909U CN 202222448407 U CN202222448407 U CN 202222448407U CN 218510909 U CN218510909 U CN 218510909U
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E20/00—Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
- Y02E20/12—Heat utilisation in combustion or incineration of waste
Abstract
The utility model relates to a domestic waste low nitrogen combustion system belongs to msw incineration technical field, including the grate that sets up in order, exhaust-heat boiler, the spray tower, the dust remover, draught fan and chimney, and access to the primary air pipeline of dry section ash bucket of grate and access to the overgrate air pipeline of grate flue export, be connected with the flue gas circulation pipeline on the pipeline of connecting draught fan and chimney, the flue gas circulation pipeline includes circulating fan and connects the primary circulation wind branch road at the circulating fan exit end, secondary circulation wind branch road and tertiary circulation wind branch road, primary circulation wind branch road merges primary air pipeline or the two exit position is neighbouring, secondary circulation wind branch road merges overgrate air pipeline or the two exit position is neighbouring, the export of tertiary circulation wind branch road accesss to exhaust-heat boiler's first passageway. The utility model discloses can follow the formation of control NOx in the source, realize NOx's ultralow emission, it is low to have investment and running cost, and area is little, and the short characteristics of construction cycle have better application prospect.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model belongs to the technical field of msw incineration, a domestic waste low nitrogen combustion system is related to.
Background
With the rapid development of social economy and the continuous improvement of living standard of people, the growth rate of domestic garbage is continuously accelerated, and the problem of environmental pollution caused by garbage is increasingly severe. Compared with the garbage compost and garbage landfill technology, the garbage incineration power generation technology is concerned about meeting the solid waste treatment requirement of reduction, harmlessness and reclamation, and the garbage incineration power generation technology becomes the leading technology of urban domestic garbage treatment.
The domestic garbage contains a large amount of C, H, O, N, S and a plurality of halogen elements, and the domestic garbage can generate in the garbage incineration processTo NOx and SO 2 And harmful components such as CO, HCl and dioxin. Wherein NOx generated by garbage incineration is mainly a combustion product of nitrogenous organic matters and N in a high-temperature incineration process 2 And O 2 The reaction product of (1). NOx includes NO, NO 2 、N 2 O and N 2 O 3 Equal gas, main components of NO and NO 2 Wherein the NO accounts for more than 95 percent. The NOx generated in the waste incineration process mainly comprises fuel type NOx, thermal type NOx and rapid type NOx, wherein the fuel type NOx generally accounts for 60% -80% of the total amount of the NOx, the thermal type NOx accounts for 20%, and the rapid type NOx generally does not exceed 5%.
At present, the NOx in the waste incineration flue gas is removed mainly by adopting combustion control, SNCR and SCR technologies, and the method is mainly characterized in that:
the combustion control mainly controls NOx by changing the combustion temperature of a hearth, the oxygen content of the hearth, the air volume ratio of primary air and secondary air and the like, and only can control the emission limit value of the NOx to be 400mg/m 3 The requirement of ultra-low emission of nitrogen oxides NOx cannot be met within the daily average value.
The SCR technology is that under the condition that oxygen and a heterogeneous catalyst coexist, NOx is reduced into N by a reducing agent containing amino in the range of 200-450 ℃ of flue gas temperature 2 And water, and the denitration efficiency can reach 80-90%.
The SNCR (selective non-catalytic reduction) denitration technology is to spray urea or ammonia water into high-temperature (850 ℃ -1100 ℃) flue gas and selectively reduce NOx in the flue gas into N under the condition of no catalyst 2 And water, wherein the denitration efficiency is generally 30-60%. Under normal operation condition, the emission of nitrogen oxides NOx can be controlled to be 250mg/m in combination with the ending of combustion control 3 The requirement of ultra-low emission of nitrogen oxides NOx cannot be met within the daily average value.
In order to reach a lower emission standard, an SNCR + SCR combined process is generally adopted, and although the SCR (selective catalytic reduction) denitration technology is mature in process and high in denitration efficiency (up to more than 80%), the defects of high investment (the investment is increased by about 1200-1800 ten thousand yuan for a 600t/d incineration line), high operation cost (the operation cost is increased by about 30-35 yuan/ton of garbage) and the like exist, and the normal operation of a garbage incineration power generation project is seriously influenced. Meanwhile, the problems of large occupied area of equipment, great increase of system resistance, long construction period and the like exist, the adaptability of upgrading and transforming the imported operating factory is poor, and the popularization and the application in the waste incineration power generation industry are not facilitated.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
In view of this, the present application aims to provide a domestic waste low-nitrogen combustion system to improve denitration efficiency and reduce denitration cost.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the utility model provides a following technical scheme:
the utility model provides a domestic waste low-nitrogen combustion system, including the grate that sets up in order, exhaust-heat boiler, the spray tower, the dust remover, draught fan and chimney, and lead to the primary air pipeline of dry section ash bucket of grate and the overgrate air pipeline that leads to grate flue export, be connected with the flue gas circulation pipeline on the pipeline of connecting draught fan and chimney, the flue gas circulation pipeline includes circulating fan and connects the primary circulation wind branch road at the circulating fan exit end, secondary circulation wind branch road and tertiary circulation wind branch road, the primary circulation wind branch road merges into the primary air pipeline or the two exit position is neighbouring, the secondary circulation wind branch road merges the overgrate air pipeline or the two exit position is neighbouring, the export of tertiary circulation wind branch road leads to exhaust-heat boiler's first passageway.
Optionally, the outlet of the tertiary circulating air branch is adjacent to the SNCR area, so that the sprayed flue gas is fully mixed with the denitrifying agent.
Optionally, the outlet end of the tertiary circulating air branch is connected with two layers of nozzles which are arranged up and down.
Optionally, the secondary circulating air branch is merged into an upper air inlet pipeline of a secondary air pipeline positioned on a front arch of the fire grate.
Optionally, the secondary circulating air branch is merged into an upper air inlet pipeline of a secondary air pipeline positioned on a rear arch of the fire grate.
Optionally, the primary circulation air branch, the secondary circulation air branch and the tertiary circulation air branch are all provided with electric valves.
Optionally, flowmeters are arranged on the primary circulating air branch, the secondary circulating air branch and the tertiary circulating air branch.
Optionally, thermometers are arranged on the primary circulating air branch, the secondary circulating air branch and the tertiary circulating air branch.
Optionally, the circulating fan is a variable frequency fan.
The beneficial effects of the utility model reside in that:
1. low-temperature tail flue gas is extracted to replace partial primary air, and a high-temperature low-oxygen area is formed in a hearth of the incinerator to inhibit generation of NOx.
2. Low-temperature tail flue gas is extracted to replace partial secondary air, the flow of the primary secondary air is reduced, the whole nitrogen amount of the main combustion area is reduced, and the generation of NOx is inhibited.
3. Low-temperature tail flue gas is extracted and supplied to a first channel of the waste heat boiler as tertiary air, and a low-temperature oxygen-enriched area is formed at the upper part of the first channel of the waste heat boiler, so that burnout of combustible materials is ensured, and control of CO is facilitated.
4. The tail low-temperature flue gas is extracted and supplied to a first channel of the waste heat boiler as tertiary air, the tertiary air is close to the SNCR nozzle, strong disturbance can be formed in an SNCR denitration area, the reaction between a denitration agent and NOx is strengthened, the denitration efficiency of the SNCR is improved, and the emission value of the NOx is reduced.
Additional advantages, objects, and features of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows and in part will become apparent to those having ordinary skill in the art upon examination of the following or may be learned from practice of the invention. The objectives and other advantages of the invention may be realized and attained by the means of the instrumentalities and/or combinations particularly pointed out in the appended claims.
Drawings
For the purposes of promoting a better understanding of the objects, features and advantages of the invention, reference will now be made to the following detailed description taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in which:
fig. 1 is a schematic view of the low-nitrogen combustion system of the present invention.
Reference numerals: the system comprises a tertiary circulating air branch 1, a waste heat boiler 2, a grate 3, an ash bucket 4, a secondary circulating air branch 5, a primary circulating air branch 6, a flue gas circulating pipeline 7, a circulating fan 8, a spray tower 9, a dust remover 10, an induced draft fan 11 and a chimney 12.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention is provided for illustrative purposes, and other advantages and effects of the present invention will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art from the disclosure herein. The present invention can also be implemented or applied through other different specific embodiments, and various details in the present specification can be modified or changed based on different viewpoints and applications without departing from the spirit of the present invention. It should be noted that the drawings provided in the following embodiments are only for illustrating the basic idea of the present invention, and the features in the following embodiments and examples may be combined with each other without conflict.
Wherein the showings are for the purpose of illustration only and not for the purpose of limiting the invention, the figures are shown in schematic form and not in pictorial form; for a better understanding of the embodiments of the present invention, some parts of the drawings may be omitted, enlarged or reduced, and do not represent the size of an actual product; it will be understood by those skilled in the art that certain well-known structures in the drawings and descriptions thereof may be omitted.
The same or similar reference numerals in the drawings of the embodiments of the present invention correspond to the same or similar parts; in the description of the present invention, it should be understood that if there are the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "front", "back", etc., indicating the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, it is only for convenience of description and simplification of the description, but not for indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore the terms describing the positional relationship in the drawings are only used for illustrative purposes, and should not be construed as limitations of the present invention, and it will be understood that specific meanings of the above terms can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.
Referring to fig. 1, a domestic garbage low-nitrogen combustion system comprises a grate 3, a waste heat boiler 2, a spray tower 9, a dust remover 10, an induced draft fan 11, a chimney 12, a primary air pipeline leading to an ash hopper 4 of a drying section of the grate and a secondary air pipeline leading to an outlet of a flue of the grate, wherein a flue gas circulation pipeline 7 is connected to a pipeline connecting the induced draft fan 11 and the chimney 12, the flue gas circulation pipeline 7 comprises a circulating fan 8 and a primary circulating air branch 6 connected to an outlet end of the circulating fan 8, a secondary circulating air branch 5 and a tertiary circulating air branch 1, the primary circulating air branch 6 is merged into the primary air pipeline or is adjacent to the outlet positions of the primary air pipeline and the secondary air pipeline or is adjacent to the outlet positions of the secondary circulating air pipeline and the secondary circulating air pipeline 5, and the outlet of the tertiary circulating air branch 1 leads to a first channel of the waste heat boiler 2.
Optionally, an outlet of the tertiary circulating air branch 1 is adjacent to the SNCR area, so that the sprayed flue gas is fully mixed with the denitrifying agent; the outlet end of the tertiary circulating air branch 1 is connected with two layers of nozzles which are arranged up and down; the secondary circulating air branch 5 is merged into an upper air inlet pipeline of a secondary air pipeline positioned on a front arch of the fire grate; the secondary circulating air branch 5 is merged into an upper air inlet pipeline of a secondary air pipeline positioned on a rear arch of the fire grate; electric valves are arranged on the primary circulating air branch 6, the secondary circulating air branch 5 and the tertiary circulating air branch 1; flowmeters are arranged on the primary circulating air branch 6, the secondary circulating air branch 5 and the tertiary circulating air branch 1; thermometers are arranged on the primary circulating air branch 6, the secondary circulating air branch 5 and the tertiary circulating air branch 1; the circulating fan 8 is a variable frequency fan.
The utility model discloses the flue gas extraction that will burn the production is partly, spouts it into exhaust-heat boiler 2 and burns again, recycles. Because the flue gas is basically inert gas, the heat absorption capacity and the oxygen content of the flue gas are lower, the temperature of the main combustion area is reduced by back injection, and the generation of thermal NOx can be further reduced; further, the oxygen concentration in the furnace can be reduced, and the formation of fuel-type NOx can be suppressed. Meanwhile, the low-nitrogen combustion can also increase the disturbance at the recirculated flue gas injection port, and improve the retention time of the flue gas in the hearth; when the spraying opening is arranged near the SNCR area, the flue gas and the denitrifying agent can be fully mixed, and the denitrifying efficiency is further improved. Therefore, the utility model discloses a combine together low nitrogen combustion technology and SNCR denitration technique, can effectively improve denitration efficiency, reduce NOx content in the flue gas, have important research meaning and wide application prospect.
Examples
The utility model provides a domestic waste low nitrogen combustion system, utilizes circulating fan 8 to take out partial hot flue gas at 11 exports of draught fan and recycles as combustion-supporting wind, and the total 5 layers that set up in top-down of flue gas inlet are respectively two-layer (as the tertiary air) that set up in exhaust-heat boiler 2 first passageway department, correspond two-layer (as the overgrate air) that overgrate air front arch and back arch respectively and 1 layer (directly get into drying section ash bucket 4, as the dry air) of primary air drying section. Hot flue gas enters a furnace hearth section of the incinerator through a drying section ash hopper 4 of a fire grate 3 through a part of a pipeline to dry garbage (as primary air), so that waste heat can be utilized, and the heat efficiency of a power plant is improved; one part of the air is used as tertiary air and is sent to a flue at the upper part of a hearth outlet to form a low-temperature oxygen-enriched area, so that the disturbance of the flue gas at the position is enhanced, the uniform mixing and the sufficient combustion of the flue gas at the hearth outlet are favorably realized, the denitration efficiency of SNCR is improved, and the emission of NOx is reduced; one part of the secondary air can be merged into the upper air inlet pipeline of the traditional secondary air to form a high-temperature low-oxygen area, so that the generation of nitrogen oxides is effectively inhibited; the air quantity of conventional secondary air is reduced, the whole nitrogen quantity of the main combustion area is reduced, and the generation of NOx is inhibited. The extraction flue and each of the injection port flues of the circulating flue gas are provided with a flowmeter, a thermometer and an adjustable electric valve, the circulating fan 8 is a variable frequency fan, and the adjusting air is cold air for protecting the circulating fan 8 and preventing the circulating fan 8 from being damaged due to overhigh flue gas temperature, and the design temperature of the circulating fan 8 is 400 ℃.
The low-nitrogen combustion technology belongs to the novel combustion control technology, the utility model discloses combine the SNCR technique, can control NOx at 120mg/Nm 3 The deep treatment of NOx is realized; can realize under the prerequisite of rubbish abundant burning, ensure the effective mixing and the burning out of a fire of furnace flue gas, improve SNCR's denitration efficiency, the generation of nitrogen oxide in the control combustion process has also reduced the combustion air volume simultaneously, has improved the heat energy utilization efficiency and the whole operation level of project.
The utility model discloses control NOx's formation from the source, can realize NOx's ultralow emission, it is low to have investment and running cost, and area is little, and the short characteristics of construction cycle not only are applicable to newly-built project, and is also very strong to the adaptability of technical improvement project, has better application prospect.
Finally, the above embodiments are only used for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention and not for limiting, and although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that modifications or equivalent substitutions may be made to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions, and all of them should be covered by the scope of the claims of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. The utility model provides a domestic waste low-nitrogen combustion system, includes grate, exhaust-heat boiler, spray tower, dust remover, draught fan and the chimney that sets up in order to and access to the primary air pipeline of the dry section ash bucket of grate and access to the overgrate air pipeline of grate flue export, its characterized in that: be connected with the flue gas circulation pipeline on the pipeline of connecting draught fan and chimney, the flue gas circulation pipeline includes circulating fan and connects primary circulation wind branch road, secondary circulation wind branch road and the tertiary circulation wind branch road at circulating fan exit end, and the primary circulation wind branch road merges into the primary air pipeline or both exit position is neighbouring, and the secondary circulation wind branch road merges into the secondary air pipeline or both exit position is neighbouring, and the export of tertiary circulation wind branch road accesss to exhaust-heat boiler's first passageway.
2. The low-nitrogen household garbage combustion system as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: and the outlet of the tertiary circulating air branch is adjacent to the SNCR area, so that the sprayed flue gas is fully mixed with the denitrifying agent.
3. The domestic waste low-nitrogen combustion system of claim 1, wherein: and the outlet end of the tertiary circulating air branch is connected with two layers of nozzles which are arranged up and down.
4. The domestic waste low-nitrogen combustion system of claim 1, wherein: and the secondary circulating air branch is merged into an upper air inlet pipeline of a secondary air pipeline positioned on a front arch of the fire grate.
5. The domestic waste low-nitrogen combustion system of claim 1, wherein: and the secondary circulating air branch is merged into an upper air inlet pipeline of a secondary air pipeline positioned on a rear arch of the fire grate.
6. The domestic waste low-nitrogen combustion system of claim 1, wherein: and the primary circulating air branch, the secondary circulating air branch and the tertiary circulating air branch are all provided with electric valves.
7. The domestic waste low-nitrogen combustion system of claim 1, wherein: and flowmeters are arranged on the primary circulating air branch, the secondary circulating air branch and the tertiary circulating air branch.
8. The domestic waste low-nitrogen combustion system of claim 1, wherein: thermometers are arranged on the primary circulating air branch, the secondary circulating air branch and the tertiary circulating air branch.
9. The domestic waste low-nitrogen combustion system of claim 1, wherein: the circulating fan is a variable frequency fan.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202222448407.3U CN218510909U (en) | 2022-09-15 | 2022-09-15 | Low-nitrogen combustion system for household garbage |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202222448407.3U CN218510909U (en) | 2022-09-15 | 2022-09-15 | Low-nitrogen combustion system for household garbage |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN218510909U true CN218510909U (en) | 2023-02-21 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202222448407.3U Active CN218510909U (en) | 2022-09-15 | 2022-09-15 | Low-nitrogen combustion system for household garbage |
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| CN (1) | CN218510909U (en) |
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- 2022-09-15 CN CN202222448407.3U patent/CN218510909U/en active Active
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