CN218458216U - Integrated mandible repair prosthesis - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to an integral type mandible restores false body belongs to medical instrument technical field, including false body, install in the affected part of mandible for restore patient's mandible, false body includes: a main body to be fitted with a mandible; the bionic bone trabecula is arranged at two ends of one side of the main body and used for the mandible to grow in; teeth mounted on one side of the body; and fixing units installed at both ends of the main body for installing the main body on the mandible. The utility model discloses a position that the tooth was planted is confirmed to ct data and the direction of base station, the effectual degree of difficulty of planting the tooth alone in the later stage of having avoided, and the position of tooth with beautifully spend effectually promoting, bionic bone trabecula can promote host bone to grow into after implanting, and then guarantee long-term stability in, can not have harmful postoperative influence to the patient.

Description

Integrated mandible prosthesis

Technical Field

The utility model relates to the technical field of medical equipment, specifically an integral type mandible restores false body.

Background

The mandible is used as a 1/3 bony framework under the face to maintain the irregular curved surface shape of the maxillofacial and assist in realizing the physiological functions of chewing, swallowing, voice and the like. The mandible is easy to cause segmental defect due to various reasons such as tumor, trauma, inflammatory diseases and the like, different anatomical areas with defect cause different biomechanical characteristics, corresponding functional disorder is caused, and meanwhile, the requirements for repair and reconstruction are different. Mandibular defects, particularly large mandibular defects, can present significant psychological and physiological barriers to the patient, severely impacting the quality of life of the patient, and reconstructing the physiological function and anatomic shape of the defective mandible has been a challenging issue in the field for the last century.

The mandibular implant is an implant which can help a patient to reconstruct the appearance and restore the occlusion function after the mandibular defect. The jaw bone is functionally reconstructed by applying a modern medical science means, and the restoration body and the rest bone tissues have good biomechanical compatibility while the accurate restoration of the shape is considered, so that the problems of stability of occlusion relation, functional restoration and the like are finally achieved. At present, the mandible reconstruction in clinic mainly adopts autologous bone transplantation, the mandible is usually repaired by the autologous bone transplantation by adopting free iliac bones and ribs or fibula with vascular pedicles, skin flap bones have the advantages of stable blood supply, thick and easy matching of blood vessels, rich blood circulation, quick healing and the like, and the vascularized skin flap bones become the most common method for the mandible defect reconstruction. But the source of autologous bones is extremely limited, secondary trauma of the bone-taking part is inevitably caused during material taking, the pain of a patient is increased, the treatment time is prolonged, and even complications occur; and the transplanted bone is not easy to shape, is difficult to be used for repairing large-area bone defects, and has not ideal effect of recovering the occlusion function in the later period of denture repair.

Due to the defects of the autologous bone transplantation repair technology, in recent years, with the rapid development of biomaterials and the improvement of the demand of modern medicine, researches on bone replacement biomaterials, namely artificial implants, for repairing the mandibular defects are receiving more and more attention from scholars. Titanium and titanium alloy have good biocompatibility, light weight, high strength ratio, low toxicity and high corrosion resistance, are one of a few materials meeting the requirements of human implantation, and are widely applied to mandibular defect repair.

However, the titanium alloy implant used clinically still has many problems at present, and the biggest problem is that the elastic modulus difference between the titanium alloy and the bone tissue is too large, so that the stress shielding phenomenon is easy to occur, and the repair success rate is influenced. Thus, to avoid stress shielding at the bone-implant interface, when using these materials, the equivalent young's modulus and yield stress must be adjusted, an effective approach is to introduce an adjustable porosity or relative density according to the isotropic materials proposed by Gibson and Ashby. The porous structure material can promote the differentiation and proliferation of osteocytes due to the internal three-dimensional gap structure, and the titanium alloy porous implant body has a good treatment effect clinically. Furthermore, with the development of additive manufacturing techniques, complex geometries can be fabricated from titanium alloys to match the anatomy of the repair site, and porous titanium scaffolds can be constructed that have mechanical properties similar to trabecular bone. However, the titanium alloy porous structure mainly adopts a uniform porous structure constructed by different unit cell units, which not only has a great difference with the actual non-uniform pore structure in the bone tissue, but also has poor mechanical properties.

On the other hand, the current titanium alloy implant is easy to cause complications such as soft tissue perforation and titanium plate exposure in clinical use, and finally causes the failure of implant repair. The exposure of the implant is mainly caused by two reasons: firstly, because the implant does not consider the adhesion growth of soft tissues such as muscles and the like during the design, after the incision is sutured, the tension of the soft tissues covering the implant is overlarge, the soft tissues are tensed and thinned, the soft tissues around the implant contract and deform towards the incision, and the soft tissues cause insufficient blood supply under the large tension; the other is that when the large-area block-shaped implant body is subjected to chewing force stress deformation after restoration, the phenomenon of frequently extruding soft tissues can be inevitably caused, so that the pressure in the soft tissues at the implant body is increased, blood circulation is obstructed, the soft tissues are subjected to necrosis infection, and finally the implant body is exposed.

With the rapid development of modern advanced technologies, digital design and manufacturing technologies applied to bone defect repair and personalized titanium stent implantation become more and more mature, and a better clinical application effect is obtained. The method has the advantages that the digital design, simulation and optimization of the operation scheme can be performed before the operation, the fixed positions of the reconstructed titanium plate and the screw are determined, and the biomechanical performance of the implant is optimized. In recent years, topology optimization technology has been increasingly applied to the design of orthopedic implants, and biomechanical analysis is combined to optimize the structures of orthopedic and craniomaxillofacial implants so as to improve the success rate of repair. The application of the computer-assisted technology can obviously improve the biomechanical property of the implant, improve the accuracy of the operation and reduce the adverse reaction after the operation, has wide application prospect and becomes one of indispensable tools in mandible reconstruction.

The invention patent with application number 202010781768.2 provides a design method of a mandible porous implant considering soft tissue attachment and bone growth and a porous implant, a novel porous repair structure is designed according to the structural characteristics of bone tissues, and the surface structure and the fixed structure of the implant are optimally designed by using a topological optimization technology, so that the implant can bear and transmit load on the outer layer, and can disperse and transmit stress through a connecting rod structure in the implant and stimulate the growth and healing of the bone tissues on the premise of stable and fixed connection. However, it has the following problems:

1. the discomfort of a patient caused by stimulation after operation can be increased when the product is made of titanium alloy;

2. the product only provides mandible reconstruction and repair, corresponding implant implantation holes are not reserved, and the implant implantation difficulty is high in the later period;

3. the product fixing plate is a joint part.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

An object of the utility model is to provide an integral type mandible repair false body to solve the problem that proposes in the above-mentioned background art.

In order to achieve the above object, the utility model provides a following technical scheme:

an integrated mandible repair prosthesis comprising:

a prosthesis member to be installed at an affected part of a mandible for repairing the mandible of a patient, the prosthesis member comprising:

a main body to be fitted with a mandible;

the bionic bone trabecula is arranged at two ends of one side of the main body and used for the mandible to grow in;

a tooth mounted on one side of the body;

and fixing units installed at both ends of the main body for installing the main body on the mandible.

As a further technical solution of the present invention, the fixing unit includes:

the fixed ear plates are fixedly arranged at two ends of the main body;

and the fixing hole is formed in the fixing lug plate.

As a further technical scheme of the utility model, two have been seted up to the fixed orifices on the fixed otic placode, and two fixed orifices set up the both ends at fixed otic placode respectively.

As a further technical solution of the present invention, the teeth are provided in plurality.

As a further technical solution of the present invention, a plurality of the teeth are uniformly distributed on the main body.

Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the utility model are that:

1. the position of tooth implantation and the direction of the abutment are determined through ct data, so that the difficulty of independently implanting teeth in the later period is effectively avoided, and the position and the attractiveness of the teeth are effectively improved;

2. the bionic bone trabecula structure is related to, the bone trabecula structure is uniform, the surface of the whole repair system is integrally smooth and has no burrs, and the bionic bone trabecula can promote host bones to grow into the repair system after being implanted, so that the medium-term and long-term stability is ensured;

3. the fixing ear plate and the fixing hole are arranged, after the prosthesis is implanted into a human body, the prosthesis can be fixed by using the fixing nail, and the position of the fixing nail is designed to effectively avoid the position of nerves, so that adverse postoperative influence on a patient is avoided;

4. the main body part and the whole body structure can ensure the stability and the strength of the main body of the product.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of an affected part of a mandible to be repaired;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the affected part of the mandible after repair;

FIG. 3 is a front view of the one-piece mandible prosthesis;

fig. 4 is a rear view of the one-piece mandibular prosthesis.

In the figure: 1-prosthesis part, 11-main body, 12-bionic bone trabecula, 13-tooth, 14-fixed ear plate, 15-fixed hole and A-affected part.

Detailed Description

The technical solution in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention.

The embodiment of the utility model provides a realize like this, as the integral type mandible restoration prosthesis that fig. 1 to 4 show, include:

prosthesis piece 1, installed at the affected part of the mandible, for repairing the mandible of a patient, prosthesis piece 1 comprises:

a body 11 to be fitted to a mandible;

the bionic bone trabecula 12 is arranged at two ends of one side of the main body 11 and used for allowing the mandible to grow in;

a tooth 13 mounted on one side of the body 11;

and fixing units installed at both ends of the body 11 for installing the body 11 on the mandible.

The utility model discloses when in actual application, make the false body 1 according to the affected part condition of mandible of actual patient, make main part 11 of corresponding size promptly, then set up imitative trabecula 12 and tooth 13 on the corresponding position of main part 11, the quantity of tooth 13 is specifically confirmed according to the affected part condition, when tooth 13 is provided with a plurality ofly, evenly distributed, not only the effectual degree of difficulty of carrying out the planting tooth alone in later stage has been avoided, and the position and the pleasing to the eye degree of tooth 13 are effectual to be promoted; the bionic bone trabecula 12 is of a uniform bone trabecula structure, the surface of the whole repair system is integrally smooth and has no burrs, and the bionic bone trabecula 12 can promote host bone to grow in after implantation, so that the medium-term and long-term stability is ensured; the fixed unit is convenient to install.

As shown in fig. 3, as a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the fixing unit includes:

fixed ear plates 14 fixedly installed at both ends of the body 11;

and the fixing hole 15 is formed in the fixing lug plate 14.

In a condition of this embodiment, fixed otic placode 14 is provided with fixed orifices 15, and the convenience can use the staple to fix the false body after implanting the human body with repairing the false body, and the design of staple position effectively avoids neural position, can not have bad postoperative influence to the patient, and is preferred, fixed orifices 15 on the fixed otic placode 14 has been seted up two, and two fixed orifices 15 set up respectively at the both ends of fixed otic placode 14, and two fixed orifices 15 are more stable when making fixedly.

The embodiment provides a manufacturing method of an integrated mandible prosthesis, which comprises the following steps:

1. the mandible three-dimensional model is reconstructed according to the CT image data acquisition of the patient;

2. establishing a mandible three-dimensional model: introducing the DICOM-format mandible CT data into medical image processing software for data processing, performing three-dimensional solid model reconstruction on the mandible of a patient in the software, performing smooth repair processing on a local area to obtain an STL-format mandible three-dimensional model, and measuring and determining the position and range of the mandible lesion of the patient according to the CT data;

3. designing an osteotomy resection scheme by using proplan software according to the diseased region of the mandible and the diagnosis and suggestion of a clinician, and simulating and resecting the diseased part to obtain a mandible defect model;

4. according to different defect sizes and positions of the mandible defect model, repairing the damaged part through CT data, and separating the damaged part from the contact bone of the host bone and the bone block with the thickness of 2 mm;

5. and (3) performing bionic trabecular bone 12 design on the two bone blocks with the thickness of 2mm by using 3-matic software, wherein the pore diameter of the porous structure is as follows: 500 +/-300 mu m; silk diameter of bionic bone trabecula 12 porous structure: 500 +/-200 mu m; porosity of the porous structure of the biomimetic bone trabecula 12: 50% -80% of the bionic bone trabecula 12 structure is designed;

6. selecting the reserved bone surface of the patient in the geomagic software for extracting and thickening to manufacture a fixed ear plate 14;

7. performing Boolean operation on the main body 11, the bionic bone trabecula 12 and the fixed ear plate 14, and combining the components into a complete jaw bone prosthesis;

8. and slicing the complete mandible prosthesis through 3-dimensional slicing software, importing the sliced file into a printer, performing 3D printing, and finally forming the integrated mandible prosthesis.

It is obvious to a person skilled in the art that the invention is not restricted to details of the above-described exemplary embodiments, but that it can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics of the invention. The present embodiments are therefore to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, the scope of the invention being indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description, and all changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein. Any reference sign in a claim should not be construed as limiting the claim concerned.

Furthermore, it should be understood that although the present description refers to embodiments, not every embodiment may contain only a single embodiment, and such description is for clarity only, and those skilled in the art should integrate the description, and the embodiments may be combined as appropriate to form other embodiments understood by those skilled in the art.

Claims (5)

1. Integral type mandible repair prosthesis, its characterized in that includes:

a prosthesis member to be installed at an affected part of a mandible for repairing the mandible of a patient, the prosthesis member comprising:

a body to mate with a mandible;

the bionic bone trabecula is arranged at two ends of one side of the main body and used for the mandible to grow in;

teeth mounted on one side of the body;

and fixing units installed at both ends of the main body for installing the main body on the mandible.

2. The integrated mandible prosthesis of claim 1, wherein the fixing unit comprises:

the fixed ear plates are fixedly arranged at two ends of the main body;

and the fixing hole is formed in the fixing lug plate.

3. The integrated mandible prosthesis of claim 2, wherein two fixing holes are opened on the fixing ear plate, and the two fixing holes are respectively arranged at two ends of the fixing ear plate.

4. The integrated mandible prosthesis of claim 1, wherein the teeth are provided in plurality.

5. The one-piece mandible prosthesis of claim 4, wherein a plurality of said teeth are evenly distributed on the body.

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