CN218416322U

CN218416322U - Instrument for measuring maximum power point of photovoltaic panel

Info

Publication number: CN218416322U
Application number: CN202222505417.6U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 李悦荣
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2022-09-21
Filing date: 2022-09-21
Publication date: 2023-01-31
Anticipated expiration: 2032-09-21

Abstract

The utility model discloses an instrument for measuring the maximum power point of a photovoltaic panel, which comprises a main control module, a display circuit, a battery power supply management module, a voltage and current measuring circuit and a constant current module; the signal output end of the battery power supply management module is respectively connected with the signal input ends of the main control module and the voltage and current measuring circuit, the signal output end of the voltage and current measuring circuit is connected with the signal input end of the main control module, the signal output end of the main control module is connected with the signal input ends of the display circuit and the constant current module, and the signal output end of the photovoltaic panel is respectively connected with the signal input ends of the constant current module and the voltage and current measuring circuit. The utility model discloses do not need the outside power supply, the volume is less, makes things convenient for people to carry the use, has further improved the utility model discloses an excellent in use effect.

Description

Instrument for measuring maximum power point of photovoltaic panel

Technical Field

The utility model relates to a photovoltaic board field especially relates to a measure instrument of photovoltaic board maximum power point.

Background

When testing the power of the photovoltaic panel, a photovoltaic panel manufacturer uses a large-scale instrument for testing, needs alternating current commercial power for power supply, cannot carry out, is high in price and cannot flexibly test and use; for customers who install the photovoltaic panels, the customers judge the power generation power of the photovoltaic panels mainly through the power generation data on the photovoltaic panel controller, and due to the fact that the photovoltaic panels are numerous in types on the market and the parameters have virtual standard conditions of different degrees, the customers are difficult to unify the measurement standards, so that a test instrument which is convenient to carry and can accurately measure is urgently needed to solve the problems.

Disclosure of Invention

The utility model aims at the above-mentioned problem, provide a simple structure, convenient to use's instrument of measurement photovoltaic board maximum power point.

In order to realize the purpose, the technical scheme of the utility model is that:

an instrument for measuring the maximum power point of a photovoltaic panel comprises a main control module, a display circuit, a battery power supply management module, a voltage and current measuring circuit and a constant current module; the signal output end of the battery power supply management module is respectively connected with the signal input ends of the main control module and the voltage and current measuring circuit, the signal output end of the voltage and current measuring circuit is connected with the signal input end of the main control module, the signal output end of the main control module is connected with the signal input ends of the display circuit and the constant current module, and the signal output end of the photovoltaic panel is respectively connected with the signal input ends of the constant current module and the voltage and current measuring circuit.

Furthermore, the instrument further comprises a human-computer interaction key, and the human-computer interaction key is connected with the signal input end of the main control module.

Furthermore, the main control module comprises a main control chip, and a VDD pin of the main control chip is connected with the 3.3V port; VDDA pin of the main control chip and one end of capacitor C28 are connected with the 3.3V port, and VSSA pin of the main control chip and the other end of capacitor C28 are grounded.

Furthermore, the battery power supply management module comprises a boost chip and a voltage stabilization chip, wherein a VIN pin and an EN pin of the boost chip are respectively connected with one end of an inductor L2 and a cathode of a diode D5, the other end of the inductor L2 is respectively connected with an anode of a diode D8 and an LX pin of the boost chip, an anode of the diode D5 is connected with a drain electrode of the MOS transistor Q3 and one end of a resistor R12, the other end of the resistor R12 is respectively connected with one end of a resistor R13 and one end of a capacitor C5, and the other end of the resistor R13 and the other end of the capacitor C5 are both grounded; the source electrode of the MOS tube Q3 is respectively connected with the voltage and current measuring circuit and one end of a resistor R10, the other end of the resistor R10 is respectively connected with the grid electrode of the MOS tube Q3, the drain electrode of the MOS tube Q4 and the anode of a diode D6, the grid electrode of the MOS tube Q4 is connected with one end of a resistor R11, and the other end of the resistor R11 and the source electrode of the MOS tube Q4 are both grounded; the cathode of the diode D6 is respectively connected with the cathode of the diode D7 and the third pin of the control key, the anode of the diode D7 is respectively connected with one end of the capacitor C7 and the PB14 pin of the main control chip, and the other end of the capacitor C7, the first pin of the control key and the fourth pin of the control key are all grounded; the cathode of the diode D8 is respectively connected with one end of a resistor R19, one end of a capacitor C8, one end of a capacitor C12 and a VIN pin of the voltage stabilizing chip, the other end of the resistor R19 is respectively connected with one end of a resistor R17 and an FB pin of the boosting chip, and the other end of the resistor R17, the GND pin of the boosting chip, the other end of the capacitor C8 and the other end of the capacitor C12 are all grounded; the VOU pin of the voltage stabilization chip is respectively connected with one end of the capacitor C11 and the 3.3V port, and the other end of the capacitor C11 and the VSS pin of the voltage stabilization chip are both grounded.

Furthermore, the voltage and current measuring circuit comprises a detection chip, an IAP pin of the detection chip is connected with one end of a capacitor C19 and one end of a resistor R18, the other end of the resistor R18 is connected with a source electrode of an MOS (metal oxide semiconductor) transistor Q3, an IAN pin of the detection chip is respectively connected with one end of the capacitor C20 and one end of a resistor R21, and the other end of the capacitor C19, the other end of the capacitor C20 and the other end of the resistor R21 are all grounded; the IBP pin of the detection chip is respectively connected with one end of a resistor R25 and one end of a resistor R26, the other end of the resistor R25 is connected with a 3.3V port, and the other end of the resistor R26 and the IBN pin of the detection chip are grounded; a VP pin of the detection chip is connected with one end of a resistor R20, one end of a capacitor C21 and one end of a resistor R22, the other end of the resistor R20 and the other end of the capacitor C21 are grounded, the other end of the resistor R22 is connected with one end of a resistor R23, and the other end of the resistor R23 is connected with the anode of the photovoltaic panel; the VREF pin of the detection chip is connected with one end of a capacitor C15, and the other end of the capacitor C15 and the GND pin of the detection chip are both grounded; an SDO pin of the detection chip is connected with a PA6 pin of the main control chip, an SCSN pin of the detection chip is connected with a PB0 pin of the main control chip, an SCLK pin of the detection chip is connected with a PA5 pin of the main control chip, and an SDI pin of the detection chip is connected with a PA7 pin of the main control chip; the SPIEN pin and the VDD pin of the detection chip are connected with the 3.3V port, and the CLK1 pin of the detection chip is grounded.

Furthermore, the display circuit comprises a display, a CS pin and a GND pin of the display are grounded, the GND pin, a VCC pin and an LEDA pin of the display are connected with a 3.3V port, a RESET pin of the display is connected with a PA12 pin of the main control chip, an SCL pin of the display is connected with a PB5 pin of the main control chip, a D/C pin of the display is connected with a PB4 pin of the main control chip, an SDA pin of the display is connected with a PB3 pin of the main control chip, and an SDO pin of the display is connected with a PA15 pin of the main control chip; LEDK1 pin, LEDK2 pin, LEDK3 pin, LEDK4 pin of display all are connected with the one end of resistance R14, and the other end of resistance R14 is connected with the drain electrode of MOS pipe Q5, and the grid of MOS pipe Q5 is connected with the one end of resistance R15, the one end of resistance R16 respectively, and the other end of resistance R15 is connected with the PA11 pin of main control chip, and the other end of resistance R16, the source electrode of MOS pipe Q5 all ground connection.

Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the advantages and positive effect be:

the utility model uses the internal battery to supply power for the instrument, uses the 4-wire connector to connect the photovoltaic panel, controls the constant current module through the PID algorithm, measures the voltage and current data of the photovoltaic panel through the voltage and current measuring circuit and transmits the data to the main control module, and finally calculates the maximum power point of the photovoltaic panel through the main control module; the photovoltaic power generation device can be used for measuring the electrical parameters of the photovoltaic panel, can quickly judge the maximum power generation power of the photovoltaic panel, is convenient for comparing the power generation conditions of the photovoltaic panels of different manufacturers, and effectively improves the use effect of the photovoltaic power generation device; and it does not need the outside power supply, and the volume is less, makes things convenient for people to carry the use, has further improved the utility model discloses an excellent in use effect.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without inventive exercise.

FIG. 1 is a frame structure of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a circuit diagram of a main control module;

FIG. 3 is a circuit block diagram of a battery power management module;

FIG. 4 is a circuit diagram of a voltage and current measurement circuit;

fig. 5 is a circuit configuration diagram of the display circuit.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made by other embodiments obtained by a person of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

As shown in fig. 1 to 5, the present embodiment discloses an apparatus for measuring a maximum power point of a photovoltaic panel, the apparatus includes a main control module, a display circuit, a battery power supply management module, a voltage and current measurement circuit, and a constant current module; the signal output end of the battery power supply management module is connected with the signal input ends of the main control module and the voltage and current measuring circuit respectively, the signal output end of the voltage and current measuring circuit is connected with the signal input end of the main control module, the signal output end of the main control module is connected with the signal input ends of the display circuit and the constant current module, the signal output end of the photovoltaic panel is connected with the signal input ends of the constant current module and the voltage and current measuring circuit respectively, and the signal output end of the main control module is connected with the human-computer interaction key.

The main control module comprises a main control chip, the model of the main control chip is STM32F030C8T6, and a VDD pin of the main control chip is connected with a 3.3V port; one end of a VDDA pin of the main control chip and one end of a capacitor C28 are both connected with the 3.3V port, and the other end of a VSSA pin of the main control chip and the other end of the capacitor C28 are both grounded.

The battery power supply management module comprises a boost chip and a voltage stabilization chip, wherein the model of the boost chip is SX1308, and the model of the voltage stabilization chip is XC6206; a VIN pin and an EN pin of the boost chip are respectively connected with one end of an inductor L2 and a cathode of a diode D5, the other end of the inductor L2 is respectively connected with an anode of a diode D8 and an LX pin of the boost chip, an anode of the diode D5 is connected with a drain electrode of an MOS (metal oxide semiconductor) transistor Q3 and one end of a resistor R12, the other end of the resistor R12 is respectively connected with one end of a resistor R ]3 and one end of a capacitor C5, and the other end of the resistor R13 and the other end of the capacitor C5 are both grounded; the source electrode of the MOS tube Q3 is respectively connected with the voltage and current measuring circuit and one end of a resistor R ]0, the other end of the resistor R1O is respectively connected with the grid electrode of the MOS tube Q3, the drain electrode of the MOS tube Q4 and the anode of a diode D6, the grid electrode of the MOS tube Q4 is connected with one end of a resistor R11, and the other end of the resistor R11 and the source electrode of the MOS tube Q4 are both grounded; the cathode of the diode D6 is respectively connected with the cathode of the diode D7 and the third pin of the control key, the anode of the diode D7 is respectively connected with one end of the capacitor C7 and the PB14 pin of the main control chip, and the other end of the capacitor C7, the first pin of the control key and the fourth pin of the control key are all grounded; the cathode of the diode D8 is respectively connected with one end of the resistor R19, one end of the capacitor C8, one end of the capacitor C12 and a VIN pin of the voltage stabilizing chip, the other end of the resistor R19 is respectively connected with one end of the resistor R17 and an FB pin of the voltage boosting chip, and the other end of the resistor R17, a GND pin of the voltage boosting chip, the other end of the capacitor C8 and the other end of the capacitor C12 are all grounded; the VOU pin of the voltage stabilization chip is respectively connected with one end of a capacitor C11 and a 3.3V port, and the other end of the capacitor C11 and the VSS pin of the voltage stabilization chip are both grounded.

The voltage and current measuring circuit comprises a detection chip, an IAP pin of the detection chip is connected with one end of a capacitor C19 and one end of a resistor R18, the other end of the resistor R18 is connected with a source electrode of an MOS (metal oxide semiconductor) transistor Q3, an IAN pin of the detection chip is respectively connected with one end of a capacitor C20 and one end of a resistor R21, and the other end of the capacitor C19, the other end of the capacitor C20 and the other end of the resistor R21 are all grounded; the IBP pin of the detection chip is respectively connected with one end of a resistor R25 and one end of a resistor R26, the other end of the resistor R25 is connected with a 3.3V port, and the other end of the resistor R26 and the IBN pin of the detection chip are grounded; a VP pin of the detection chip is connected with one end of a resistor R20, one end of a capacitor C21 and one end of a resistor R22, the other end of the resistor R20 and the other end of the capacitor C21 are grounded, the other end of the resistor R22 is connected with one end of a resistor R23, the other end of the resistor R23 is connected with the anode of the photovoltaic panel, and the cathode of the photovoltaic panel is grounded; the VREF pin of the detection chip is connected with one end of a capacitor C15, and the other end of the capacitor C15 and the GND pin of the detection chip are grounded; an SDO pin of the detection chip is connected with a PA6 pin of the main control chip, an SCSN pin of the detection chip is connected with a PB0 pin of the main control chip, an SCLK pin of the detection chip is connected with a PA5 pin of the main control chip, and an SDI pin of the detection chip is connected with a PA7 pin of the main control chip; the SPIEN pin and the VDD pin of the detection chip are connected with the 3.3V port, and the CLK1 pin of the detection chip is grounded.

The display circuit comprises a display, a CS pin and a GND pin of the display are grounded, the GND pin, a VCC pin and a LEDA pin of the display are connected with a 3.3V port, a RESET pin of the display is connected with a PA12 pin of a main control chip, an SCL pin of the display is connected with a PB5 pin of the main control chip, a D/C pin of the display is connected with a PB4 pin of the main control chip, an SDA pin of the display is connected with a PB3 pin of the main control chip, and an SDO pin of the display is connected with a PA15 pin of the main control chip; the LEDK1 pin, LEDK2 pin, LEDK3 pin, LEDK4 pin of display all are connected with resistance R14's one end, and resistance R14's the other end is connected with MOS pipe Q5's drain electrode, and MOS pipe Q5's grid is connected with the one end with resistance R15, resistance R16's one end respectively, and resistance R15's the other end is connected with the PA11 pin of main control chip, and resistance R16's the other end, MOS pipe Q5's source electrode all ground connection.

The utility model is connected with the photovoltaic panel in a 4-wire mode, the voltage and current measuring circuit is separated from the constant current module, and the measuring error caused by the internal resistance of the circuit is avoided; the voltage and current measuring circuit is connected to the constant current module through a PID algorithm, and a closed-loop network formed by the constant current module can achieve the effect of reaching a set constant current point at the fastest speed, so that the load time is reduced, the heating condition of the constant current module is reduced, and the volume of the whole device is smaller; the utility model has small volume and is convenient to carry; meanwhile, the power is supplied by an internal battery, extra power supply is not needed, the use scene is not limited, and the use is more convenient.

The utility model discloses a constitute the structure:

1. the internal battery is used for managing all parts of circuits to supply power through the battery power supply management module;

2. the photovoltaic panel is respectively connected to the constant current module and the voltage and current measuring circuit in a 4-wire mode;

3. the main control module sets a constant current value to the PID algorithm, returns to the PID algorithm through the voltage and current measuring circuit and then to the constant current module, and finally quickly realizes the constant current through the set current value;

4. and the voltage and current measuring circuit is connected to the main control module and used for calculating and recording power values of different current points.

4. Voltage and current measurement circuit is connected to host system, calculates and takes notes the power value of different current points the utility model discloses a host system realizes three step control algorithm to realize high accuracy power point measurement, host system's three step test method flow as follows:

4. the voltage and current measuring circuit is connected to the main control module, and calculates and records power values of different current points in a first step: measuring the open-circuit voltage of the photovoltaic panel, closing the short-circuit switch S1, and measuring the short-circuit current of the photovoltaic panel at the moment;

4. a voltage and current measuring circuit connected to the main control module for calculating and recording power values of different current points: in the fast measurement stage, a theoretical power value is calculated according to open-circuit voltage and short-circuit current, a current point stepping interval G1 of the constant current module is calculated according to the theoretical power value, the constant current is controlled through the stepping interval G1 to serve as a load, the power value of the photovoltaic panel is scanned in a large range, an integral power point is obtained, and therefore the maximum power point value is calculated;

the third step: and measuring the numerical value of the approximate maximum power point according to the second step, scanning near the numerical value, adjusting the stepping interval of the constant current to G1/10, performing constant current load by using a more subdivided stepping interval, and finally obtaining the accurate numerical value of the power point, wherein the test precision can be improved by 10 times through the third step.

The utility model uses the internal battery to supply power for the instrument, uses the 4-wire connector to connect the photovoltaic panel, controls the constant current module through the PID algorithm, measures the voltage and current data of the photovoltaic panel through the voltage and current measuring circuit and transmits the data to the main control module, and finally calculates the maximum power point of the photovoltaic panel through the main control module; the device can be used for measuring the electrical parameters of the photovoltaic panel, can quickly judge the maximum power generation power of the photovoltaic panel, is convenient for comparing the power generation conditions of the photovoltaic panels of different manufacturers, and effectively improves the use effect of the device; and it does not need the external power supply, and the volume is less, makes things convenient for people to carry the use, has further improved the utility model discloses a result of use.

Claims

1. An instrument for measuring the maximum power point of a photovoltaic panel, characterized in that: the instrument comprises a main control module, a display circuit, a battery power supply management module, a voltage and current measuring circuit and a constant current module; the signal output end of the battery power supply management module is respectively connected with the signal input ends of the main control module and the voltage and current measuring circuit, the signal output end of the voltage and current measuring circuit is connected with the signal input end of the main control module, the signal output end of the main control module is connected with the signal input ends of the display circuit and the constant current module, and the signal output end of the photovoltaic panel is respectively connected with the signal input ends of the constant current module and the voltage and current measuring circuit.

2. The apparatus for measuring the maximum power point of a photovoltaic panel according to claim 1, wherein: the instrument further comprises a human-computer interaction key, and the human-computer interaction key is connected with the signal input end of the main control module.

3. The apparatus for measuring the maximum power point of a photovoltaic panel according to claim 2, wherein: the main control module comprises a main control chip, and a VDD pin of the main control chip is connected with a 3.3V port; VDDA pin of the main control chip and one end of capacitor C28 are connected with the 3.3V port, and VSSA pin of the main control chip and the other end of capacitor C28 are grounded.

4. The apparatus for measuring maximum power point of photovoltaic panel according to claim 3, wherein: the battery power supply management module comprises a boosting chip and a voltage stabilizing chip, wherein a VIN pin and an EN pin of the boosting chip are respectively connected with one end of an inductor L2 and a cathode of a diode D5, the other end of the inductor L2 is respectively connected with an anode of a diode D8 and an LX pin of the boosting chip, an anode of the diode D5 is connected with a drain electrode of an MOS (metal oxide semiconductor) transistor Q3 and one end of a resistor R12, the other end of the resistor R12 is respectively connected with one end of a resistor R13 and one end of a capacitor C5, and the other end of the resistor R13 and the other end of the capacitor C5 are both grounded; the source electrode of the MOS tube Q3 is respectively connected with the voltage and current measuring circuit and one end of a resistor R10, the other end of the resistor R10 is respectively connected with the grid electrode of the MOS tube Q3, the drain electrode of the MOS tube Q4 and the anode of a diode D6, the grid electrode of the MOS tube Q4 is connected with one end of a resistor R11, and the other end of the resistor R11 and the source electrode of the MOS tube Q4 are both grounded; the cathode of the diode D6 is respectively connected with the cathode of the diode D7 and the third pin of the control key, the anode of the diode D7 is respectively connected with one end of the capacitor C7 and the PB14 pin of the main control chip, and the other end of the capacitor C7, the first pin of the control key and the fourth pin of the control key are all grounded; the cathode of the diode D8 is respectively connected with one end of the resistor R19, one end of the capacitor C8, one end of the capacitor C12 and a VIN pin of the voltage stabilizing chip, the other end of the resistor R19 is respectively connected with one end of the resistor R17 and an FB pin of the voltage boosting chip, and the other end of the resistor R17, a GND pin of the voltage boosting chip, the other end of the capacitor C8 and the other end of the capacitor C12 are all grounded; the VOU pin of the voltage stabilization chip is respectively connected with one end of the capacitor C11 and the 3.3V port, and the other end of the capacitor C11 and the VSS pin of the voltage stabilization chip are both grounded.

5. The apparatus for measuring the maximum power point of a photovoltaic panel according to claim 4, wherein: the voltage and current measuring circuit comprises a detection chip, an IAP pin of the detection chip is connected with one end of a capacitor C19 and one end of a resistor R18, the other end of the resistor R18 is connected with a source electrode of an MOS (metal oxide semiconductor) transistor Q3, an IAN pin of the detection chip is respectively connected with one end of a capacitor C20 and one end of a resistor R21, and the other end of the capacitor C19, the other end of the capacitor C20 and the other end of the resistor R21 are all grounded; the IBP pin of the detection chip is respectively connected with one end of a resistor R25 and one end of a resistor R26, the other end of the resistor R25 is connected with a 3.3V port, and the other end of the resistor R26 and the IBN pin of the detection chip are grounded; a VP pin of the detection chip is connected with one end of a resistor R20, one end of a capacitor C21 and one end of a resistor R22, the other end of the resistor R20 and the other end of the capacitor C21 are grounded, the other end of the resistor R22 is connected with one end of a resistor R23, and the other end of the resistor R23 is connected with the anode of the photovoltaic panel; the VREF pin of the detection chip is connected with one end of a capacitor C15, and the other end of the capacitor C15 and the GND pin of the detection chip are grounded; an SDO pin of the detection chip is connected with a PA6 pin of the main control chip, an SCSN pin of the detection chip is connected with a PB0 pin of the main control chip, an SCLK pin of the detection chip is connected with a PA5 pin of the main control chip, and an SDI pin of the detection chip is connected with a PA7 pin of the main control chip; the SPIEN pin and the VDD pin of the detection chip are connected with the 3.3V port, and the CLK1 pin of the detection chip is grounded.

6. The apparatus for measuring maximum power point of a photovoltaic panel according to claim 5, wherein: the display circuit comprises a display, a CS pin and a GND pin of the display are grounded, the GND pin, a VCC pin and a LEDA pin of the display are connected with a 3.3V port, a RESET pin of the display is connected with a PA12 pin of a main control chip, an SCL pin of the display is connected with a PB5 pin of the main control chip, a D/C pin of the display is connected with a PB4 pin of the main control chip, an SDA pin of the display is connected with a PB3 pin of the main control chip, and an SD0 pin of the display is connected with a PA15 pin of the main control chip; the LEDK1 pin, LEDK2 pin, LEDK3 pin, LEDK4 pin of display all are connected with resistance R14's one end, and resistance R14's the other end is connected with MOS pipe Q5's drain electrode, and MOS pipe Q5's grid is connected with the one end with resistance R15, resistance R16's one end respectively, and resistance R15's the other end is connected with the PA11 pin of main control chip, and resistance R16's the other end, MOS pipe Q5's source electrode all ground connection.