CN218416221U - Low-filter-capacitance motor simulator - Google Patents
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Abstract
A method for reducing the filter capacitance of a motor simulator and a low filter capacitance motor simulator belong to the technical field of test equipment for simulating motor load and solve the problem of how to reduce the filter capacitance of an LCL filter in the motor simulator; when the motor simulator is applied to a low-voltage large-current scene, a plurality of three-phase H-bridge inverters or three-phase NPC three-level inverters are connected in parallel in a staggered mode, so that the reduction of the LCL filter capacitance in the motor simulator is realized; when the motor simulator is applied to a high-voltage low-current scene, the LCL filter capacitance in the motor simulator is reduced by the staggered cascade of a plurality of inverters in each phase; the utility model discloses a parameter of motor simulator is adjustable, the trouble pours into nimble convenience, the noise is low, efficient, safe and reliable into.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model belongs to the technical field of the test of simulation motor load is equipped, a low filter capacitor motor simulator is related to.
Background
As a research enterprise of motor controllers or frequency converters, the performance of the motor controllers or the frequency converters needs to be tested, and the traditional mode is to build different dynamometer racks aiming at the motor controllers or the frequency converters with different models; the dynamometer rack built by a real motor is used as a motor controller or a frequency converter, and has the defects of low load efficiency, high noise, inflexible fault injection, single motor type and the like. Because the types of the motors are numerous, a plurality of dynamometer racks of different types need to be built, time and labor are consumed, and the development cost is greatly improved.
The motor simulator is used for simulating the characteristics of synchronous or asynchronous motors and other motors, and is widely applied to research and development, offline and certification tests of driving motor controllers and universal frequency converters. Compared with the traditional dynamometer rack, the dynamometer rack has the advantages of low energy consumption, flexibility, convenience, low power grid pollution and the like.
The control of the motor simulator generally comprises the steps of sampling the port voltage of the controller, then bringing the sampling value into a motor model, calculating the output current of the motor simulator, and realizing the real-time loading of the motor controller or the frequency converter. And the output of the motor controller or the frequency converter is not provided with an LC filter, and is SPWM wave. To sample the actual value of the SPWM voltage at the controller port, the motor simulator output side uses an LCL filter, taking the smooth sinusoidal voltage on the capacitor C as the motor controller port voltage. While the control of the motor controller and the motor simulator has an influence on the sine of the voltage over the capacitor C. For the LCL filter, when viewed from the motor controller side, the LC filter filters the SPWM emitted by the controller into a smooth sine wave, so that a motor simulator can sample a real controller port voltage conveniently; when viewed from the motor simulator side, the LC filter filters PWM waves of the motor simulator, and accurate sampling is facilitated while sine degree of voltage of a controller port on the capacitor is guaranteed.
In the prior art, in order to accurately sample the SPWM voltage value at the port of the motor controller, the capacitance value in the LCL filter is usually selected to be larger or the cutoff frequency of the LCL filter is reduced to increase the filtering strength, and the SPWM filter is filtered into a smooth sine wave, so that the actual output voltage of the controller can be accurately sampled. The prior art has the following disadvantages: 1) When the motor controller and motor simulator output the high speed characteristics of the motor, the higher the speed, the higher the sinusoidal frequency of the output voltage, even up to 5000hz. At the moment, a large filter capacitor C or a capacitor on the LCL filter with low cut-off frequency can absorb large reactive current, and the active power output of the motor simulator is reduced; 2) The synchronous machine or the asynchronous machine is an inductive load, and the introduction of a larger filter capacitor in the LCL reduces the accuracy of a model and increases the difficulty of control, so that the capacitance value of the capacitor C is expected to be as small as possible under the condition of meeting the filtering effect; 3) The LCL filter design with low cut-off frequency limits the filtering effect of the output voltage of the controller under high rotating speed (namely high sine frequency), causes poor voltage sampling precision, causes the control system of the motor simulator to collapse, and reduces the dynamic response of the system.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The utility model discloses the technical problem that will solve lies in how to design a low filter capacitance's motor simulator.
The utility model discloses a solve above-mentioned technical problem through following technical scheme:
a low filter capacitance motor simulator, comprising: preceding stage AC/DC circuit (10), direct current bus capacitance C d A rear-stage DC/AC circuit (11), an LCL filter (12); DC bus capacitor C d The LCL filter is connected in parallel with the output end of the front-stage AC/DC circuit (10), the input end of the rear-stage DC/AC circuit (11) is connected with the output end of the front-stage AC/DC circuit (10), and one end of the LCL filter (12) is connected with the output end of the rear-stage DC/AC circuit (11); the rear-stage DC/AC circuit (11) adopts a three-phase H-bridge inverter staggered parallel topological structure or a three-phase NPC three-level inverter staggered parallel topological structure or a three-phase staggered cascade H-bridge topological structure.
The utility model discloses a motor simulator's back level DC/AC circuit (11) is crisscross parallelly connected through a plurality of three-phase H bridge inverters or three-phase NPC three-level inverters when the low pressure heavy current scene, realizes reducing LCL filter capacitance in the motor simulator, and then reduces the reactive power that electric capacity C absorbs; in a high-voltage low-current scene, the LCL filter capacitor in the motor simulator is reduced by alternately cascading a plurality of H bridges in each phase, so that the reactive power absorbed by the capacitor C is reduced. The utility model discloses a parameter of motor simulator is adjustable, the trouble pours into nimble convenience, the noise is low, efficient, safe and reliable into.
Furthermore, the three-phase H-bridge inverter staggered parallel topological structure comprises N three-phase H-bridge inverters, the phase difference of a modulation wave of each three-phase H-bridge inverter is 360 DEG/N, the middle points of the first bridge arm of each three-phase H-bridge inverter are connected together to serve as the phase A of the topological structure to be connected with the LCL filter (12), the middle points of the second bridge arm of each three-phase H-bridge inverter are connected together to serve as the phase B of the topological structure to be connected with the LCL filter (12), and the middle points of the third bridge arm of each three-phase H-bridge inverter are connected together to serve as the phase C of the topological structure to be connected with the LCL filter (12).
Furthermore, the three-phase NPC three-level inverter staggered parallel topological structure comprises N three-phase NPC three-level inverters, the phase difference of modulation waves of each three-phase NPC three-level inverter is 360 degrees/N, the middle points of the first bridge arm of each three-phase NPC three-level inverter are connected together to serve as the phase A of the topological structure to be connected with the LCL filter (12), the middle points of the second bridge arm of each three-phase NPC three-level inverter are connected together to serve as the phase B of the topological structure to be connected with the LCL filter (12), and the middle points of the third bridge arm of each three-phase NPC three-level inverter are connected together to serve as the phase C of the topological structure to be connected with the LCL filter (12).
Furthermore, each phase of the three-phase staggered cascade H-bridge topological structure comprises N single-phase H-bridge inverters, the phase difference of the modulation wave of each single-phase H-bridge inverter in each phase is 360 DEG/N, the N single-phase H-bridge inverters in each phase are staggered and cascaded, the middle points of the first bridge arms of the first single-phase H-bridge inverters in each phase are connected together, and the middle point of the second bridge arm of the last single-phase H-bridge inverter in each phase is used as the output end of the phase and correspondingly connected with the LCL filter (12).
The utility model has the advantages that:
the utility model discloses a motor simulator's back-stage DC/AC circuit (11) is through the crisscross parallel connection of a plurality of three-phase H bridge inverters or three-phase NPC three-level inverters when the low pressure heavy current scene, realizes reducing LCL filter capacitance in the motor simulator, and then reduces the absorptive reactive power of electric capacity C; in a high-voltage low-current scene, the LCL filter capacitor in the motor simulator is reduced by alternately cascading a plurality of H bridges in each phase, so that the reactive power absorbed by the capacitor C is reduced. The utility model discloses a parameter of motor simulator is adjustable, the trouble pours into nimble convenience, the noise is low, efficient, safe and reliable into.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a motor simulator and a motor controller according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a staggered parallel topology structure of a three-phase H-bridge inverter adopted by a rear-stage DC/AC circuit when the motor simulator circuit according to the embodiment of the present invention is applied to a low-voltage large-current scene;
fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a staggered parallel topology structure of a three-phase NPC three-level inverter adopted by a rear-stage DC/AC circuit when the motor simulator circuit according to the embodiment of the present invention is applied to a low-voltage large-current scene;
fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a three-phase staggered cascade H-bridge topology structure adopted by a rear-stage DC/AC circuit when the motor simulator circuit of the embodiment of the present invention is applied to a high-voltage low-current scene;
fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of a phase a modulation wave, an output current phase, and a total inductive current ripple of the inverter according to the embodiment of the invention.
Detailed Description
To make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the embodiments of the present invention are combined to clearly and completely describe the technical solution in the embodiments of the present invention, and obviously, the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by a person skilled in the art without creative efforts belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
The technical solution of the present invention is further described below with reference to the drawings and specific embodiments of the specification:
example one
As shown in fig. 1, the motor simulator circuit includes: preceding stage AC/DC circuit 10, direct current bus capacitance C d A rear-stage DC/AC circuit 11, an LCL filter 12 and a motor controller 13; DC bus capacitor C d The LCL filter 12 is connected with the output end of the rear-stage DC/AC circuit 11, and the other end of the LCL filter 12 is connected with the motor controller 13.
When the motor simulator circuit is applied to a low-voltage high-current scene, as shown in fig. 2, the rear-stage DC/AC circuit 11 adopts a staggered parallel topology structure; the staggered parallel topological structure is connected in parallel through N three-phase H-bridge inverters, the midpoints of the first bridge arms of each three-phase H-bridge inverter are connected together to serve as the A phase of the topological structure to be connected with the LCL filter 12, the midpoints of the second bridge arms of each three-phase H-bridge inverter are connected together to serve as the B phase of the topological structure to be connected with the LCL filter 12, and the midpoints of the third bridge arms of each three-phase H-bridge inverter are connected together to serve as the C phase of the topological structure to be connected with the LCL filter 12; the phase difference of the modulation wave of each three-phase H-bridge inverter is 360 degrees/N, the phase difference of the output current of each three-phase H-bridge inverter is 360 degrees/N, the frequency equivalent of the total inductive ripple wave is improved by N times, and the total inductive ripple wave is 1/N of the output current ripple wave of a single three-phase H-bridge inverter, so that the filtering burden of a filter capacitor in the LCL filter 12 is reduced, and the purpose of reducing the filter capacitor is achieved. The circuit structure of the motor simulator is characterized in that the total inductive current ripple can be reduced by times along with the increase of the number of parallel circuits, the capacitance value of the filter capacitor can be greatly reduced, and the capacitance value of 5uf can meet the conventional filtering requirement through simulation verification.
When the motor simulator circuit is applied to a low-voltage large-current scene, as shown in fig. 3, the three-phase NPC (Neutral Point Clamped) three-level inverter interleaved parallel topology structure adopted by the post-stage DC/AC circuit 11; the staggered parallel topological structure is connected in parallel through N three-phase NPC three-level inverters, the middle points of the first bridge arms of each three-phase NPC three-level inverter are connected together to serve as the phase A of the topological structure to be connected with the LCL filter 12, the middle points of the second bridge arms of each three-phase NPC three-level inverter are connected together to serve as the phase B of the topological structure to be connected with the LCL filter 12, and the middle points of the third bridge arms of each three-phase NPC three-level inverter are connected together to serve as the phase C of the topological structure to be connected with the LCL filter 12; the phase difference of the modulation wave of each three-phase NPC three-level inverter is 360 degrees/N, the phase difference of the output current of each three-phase NPC three-level inverter is 360 degrees/N, the frequency equivalent of the total inductive ripple wave is improved by N times, and the total inductive ripple wave is 1/N of the output current ripple wave of a single three-phase NPC three-level inverter, so that the filtering burden of a filtering capacitor in the LCL filter 12 is reduced, and the purpose of reducing the filtering capacitor is achieved. The circuit structure of the motor simulator is characterized in that the total inductive current ripple can be reduced in multiples along with the increase of the number of parallel circuits, the capacitance value of the filter capacitor can be greatly reduced, and the conventional filtering requirement can be met by the capacitance value of 5uf through simulation verification.
As shown in fig. 5, taking the example of three-phase H-bridge inverters being connected in parallel alternately, the phases of the a-phase PWM waves of the 1 st three-phase H-bridge inverter, the 2 nd three-phase H-bridge inverter, and the 3 rd three-phase H-bridge inverter are sequentially different by 120 °, and the a-phase total inductive current iL A The A-phase output current iL of the 1 st, 2 nd and 3 rd three-phase H-bridge inverters 1A 、iL 2A 、iL 3A Are superimposed, so that the A phase total inductive flow iL A The frequency of (A) is 3 times of the A-phase output current of each three-phase H-bridge inverter, and the A-phase total inductive current iL A Is 1/3 of the ripple of the A-phase output current of the 3 three-phase H-bridge inverters. The high frequency of the total inductive current is realized by the topological structure, the ripple of the filter capacitor flowing through the LCL filter 12 is reduced, the aim of reducing the capacitance value of the filter capacitor is realized, the design of the LCL filter 12 mainly considers the cut-off frequency, and the requirement on the current ripple of the filter capacitor is greatly reduced.
Example two
When the motor simulator circuit is applied to a high-voltage low-current scene, as shown in fig. 4, the rear-stage DC/AC circuit 11 adopts a three-phase interleaved Cascaded H-Bridge (CHB) topology; each phase of A, B and C phases of the three-phase staggered cascade H-bridge topological structure is formed by cascading N single-phase H-bridge inverters, the middle points of the first bridge arms of the first single-phase H-bridge inverter in each phase are connected together, and the middle point of the second bridge arm of the last single-phase H-bridge inverter in each phase is used as the output end of the phase and correspondingly connected with the input end of the LCL filter 12.
The phase difference of the modulation wave of each single-phase H-bridge inverter in each phase is 360 degrees/N, the phase difference of the output current of each single-phase H-bridge inverter in each phase is 360 degrees/N, the frequency equivalent of the total inductive flow ripple wave of each phase is improved by N times, and the total inductive flow ripple wave is 1/N of the output current ripple wave of a single-phase H-bridge inverter, so that the filtering burden of a filtering capacitor in the LCL filter 12 is reduced, and the purpose of reducing the filtering capacitor is achieved. The circuit structure of the motor simulator is characterized in that the total inductive current ripple can be reduced in multiples along with the increase of the number of parallel circuits, the capacitance value of the filter capacitor can be greatly reduced, and the conventional filtering requirement can be met by the capacitance value of 5uf through simulation verification.
As shown in fig. 5, taking the staggered cascade of three single-phase H-bridge inverters as an example for further explanation, the PWM wave phases of the switching tubes in the 1 st, 2 nd and 3 rd single-phase H-bridge inverters are sequentially different by 120 °, and the total inductive current iL of the a phase A The output current iL of the 1 st, 2 nd and 3 rd single-phase H-bridge inverters in the A phase 1A 、iL 2A 、iL 3A Superimposed, and thus, the total induced current iL of phase A A The frequency of the A phase is 3 times of the output current of 3 single-phase H-bridge inverters in the A phase, and the total inductive current iL of the A phase A Is 1/3 of the ripple of the output current of the 3 single-phase H-bridge inverters in phase a. The high frequency of the total inductive current is realized by the topological structure, the ripple of the filter capacitor flowing through the LCL filter 12 is reduced, the capacitance value of the filter capacitor is reduced, the design of the LCL filter 12 mainly considers the cut-off frequency, and the requirement on the current ripple of the filter capacitor is greatly reduced.
EXAMPLE III
As shown in fig. 1, the output voltage U of the motor controller 13 o The DC bus capacitor C in the motor simulator is changed along with the rotation speed and the load d Is generally a fixed, constant DC bus voltage U (i.e., the output voltage of the preceding stage AC/DC circuit 10 or the input voltage of the following stage DC/AC circuit 11) d Has the following disadvantages: the output port voltage of the motor controller 13 will have frequency and amplitude changes with the rotation speed and load changes, and the LCL filter 12 is difficult to satisfy the filtering effect in the full range.
Due to the reduction of the induced current ripple Δ i L The capacitance value of a filter capacitor C of the LCL filter can be reduced; therefore, the current-sensing ripple Δ i in the motor simulator L The calculation formula of (c) is: delta i L ＝U L *△t/L＝(U d -U o ) Δ t/L, again because of U o /U d = Δ t/Ts, so that:
wherein, U d Is the output voltage, U, of the preceding AC/DC circuit 10 of the motor simulator o Is the output voltage of the rear stage DC/AC circuit 11 of the motor simulator, L is the output filter inductance value of the rear stage DC/AC circuit 11, and Ts is the PWM wave control period of the rear stage DC/AC circuit 11.
The front-stage AC/DC circuit 10 of the motor simulator of the embodiment adopts variable output voltage control, namely, the variable output voltage control can be obtained by formula 1 according to the output voltage U of the motor controller 13 o To adjust the output voltage U of the preceding AC/DC circuit 10 in real time d To thereby control the magnitude of the current-sensing ripple Δ i L In a certain range, the capacitance value of the filter capacitor C of the LCL filter 12 in the motor simulator is reduced finally, and a good filtering effect is realized under different output frequencies.
The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, and not to limit the same; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some technical features may be equivalently replaced; such modifications and substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention in its corresponding aspects.
Claims (4)
1. A low filter capacitance motor simulator, comprising: preceding stage AC/DC circuit (10), direct current bus capacitance C d A rear-stage DC/AC circuit (11), an LCL filter (12); DC bus capacitor C d The LCL filter is connected in parallel with the output end of the front-stage AC/DC circuit (10), the input end of the rear-stage DC/AC circuit (11) is connected with the output end of the front-stage AC/DC circuit (10), and one end of the LCL filter (12) is connected with the output end of the rear-stage DC/AC circuit (11); the rear-stage DC/AC circuit (11) adopts a three-phase H-bridge inverter staggered parallel topological structure or a three-phase NPC three-level inverter staggered parallel topological structure or a three-phase staggered cascade H-bridge topological structure.
2. The low-filter-capacitance motor simulator according to claim 1, wherein the three-phase H-bridge inverter interleaved topology comprises N three-phase H-bridge inverters, the modulation waves of each three-phase H-bridge inverter are 360 °/N in phase, the midpoints of the first bridge arms of each three-phase H-bridge inverter are connected together as a phase of the topology to be connected with the LCL filter (12), the midpoints of the second bridge arms of each three-phase H-bridge inverter are connected together as a phase of the topology to be connected with the LCL filter (12), and the midpoints of the third bridge arms of each three-phase H-bridge inverter are connected together as a C phase of the topology to be connected with the LCL filter (12).
3. The low-filter-capacitance motor simulator according to claim 1, wherein the three-phase NPC three-level inverter interleaved topology comprises N three-phase NPC three-level inverters, the modulation wave phase of each three-phase NPC three-level inverter differs by 360 °/N, the midpoints of the first bridge arms of each three-phase NPC three-level inverter are connected together to serve as the A phase of the topology and to be connected with the LCL filter (12), the midpoints of the second bridge arms of each three-phase NPC three-level inverter are connected together to serve as the B phase of the topology and to be connected with the LCL filter (12), and the midpoints of the third bridge arms of each three-phase NPC three-level inverter are connected together to serve as the C phase of the topology and to be connected with the LCL filter (12).
4. The low-filter-capacitance motor simulator according to claim 1, wherein each phase of the three-phase staggered cascade H-bridge topology comprises N single-phase H-bridge inverters, the modulation wave of each single-phase H-bridge inverter in each phase is different in phase by 360 °/N, the N single-phase H-bridge inverters in each phase are staggered and cascaded, the middle points of the first bridge arm of the first single-phase H-bridge inverter in each phase are connected with each other, and the middle point of the second bridge arm of the last single-phase H-bridge inverter in each phase is used as the output end of the phase and is correspondingly connected with the LCL filter (12).
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN116488499A (en) * | 2023-06-25 | 2023-07-25 | 广东省洛仑兹技术股份有限公司 | Bidirectional soft switch three-level AC/DC staggered parallel topology and control method thereof |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN116488499A (en) * | 2023-06-25 | 2023-07-25 | 广东省洛仑兹技术股份有限公司 | Bidirectional soft switch three-level AC/DC staggered parallel topology and control method thereof |
| CN116488499B (en) * | 2023-06-25 | 2024-04-12 | 广东省洛仑兹技术股份有限公司 | Bidirectional soft switch three-level AC/DC staggered parallel topology and control method thereof |
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