CN218351044U - Hydrological observation training model integrating artificial rainfall and channel system - Google Patents
Hydrological observation training model integrating artificial rainfall and channel system Download PDFInfo
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- CN218351044U CN218351044U CN202222007284.XU CN202222007284U CN218351044U CN 218351044 U CN218351044 U CN 218351044U CN 202222007284 U CN202222007284 U CN 202222007284U CN 218351044 U CN218351044 U CN 218351044U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a collect real model of instructing of artificial rainfall and hydrology observation of channel system as an organic whole, including artificial rainfall system, channel system and water tank, artificial rainfall system is including spraying the subsystem and setting up in the sand table that sprays the subsystem below, the water inlet and the water tank intercommunication that spray the subsystem, and the water on the sand table flows back to the water tank, and the channel system includes the open channel and sets gradually the culvert in the open channel from water inlet to delivery port, aqueduct, fall the siphon, the Parshall groove and tertiary drop district, the inlet outlet of open channel communicates with the water tank is indirect respectively. The utility model discloses a real model of instructing is surveyed to hydrology realizes rainfall intensity's artifical regulation and control, rainfall automatic monitoring, the automatic cycle of channel rivers and the real-time control of channel flow in an organic whole, not only has "teaching, learning, does" teaching and real function of instructing of integration, has realized moreover that the real teaching of instructing of hydrology fuses with the skill contest mutually, still has "hydrology prospecting worker" post skill training function.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a technical field is surveyd to the hydrology, concretely relates to collect artificial rainfall and real model of instructing is surveyed to hydrology as an organic whole of channel system.
Background
Hydrology refers to various phenomena in nature such as water change and movement. Hydrological observation is a work for collecting relevant data of water bodies and is mainly carried out by various hydrological elements. The hydrological factors include water depth, water level, flow direction, flow rate, water temperature, ice condition, specific gravity, sand content, precipitation, evaporation capacity, water color, transparency, plankton and the like.
On one hand, many schools are provided with hydrologic-related specialties at present, in the process of hydrologic teaching, hydrologic observation and practical training teaching links in courses need teaching models, the existing teaching models are mostly simple single models and cannot form a system, even simple water circulation cannot be displayed, and in addition, the existing teaching models are not beneficial to students to use competitions for hydrologic observation; on the other hand, the post of the hydrological surveyor of the water administration base unit needs to be trained before the post. Whether teaching or pre-post training, a better model is needed for assistance, so that students or employees can be vividly and vividly taught relevant knowledge, and therefore, a set of hydrological models for teaching and training is urgently needed.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
Therefore, the utility model provides a collect artificial rainfall and channel system hydrology observation real standard model as an organic whole to solve foretell technical problem.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:
the utility model provides a collect artificial rainfall and real model of instructing of hydrology observation of channel system as an organic whole, includes artificial rainfall system, channel system and water tank, artificial rainfall system is including spraying the subsystem, setting up in the sand table that sprays the subsystem below and being located the first grit chamber of sand table one side below, spray the water inlet of subsystem with the water tank intercommunication, water on the sand table flows through behind the first grit chamber backward flow extremely the water tank, the channel system includes the open channel, links up the second grit chamber of open channel delivery port and water tank and sets gradually culvert, aqueduct, inverted siphon, bashel groove and tertiary drop zone in the open channel from water inlet to delivery port, the water inlet of open channel with the water tank communicates indirectly, the delivery port of open channel with the second grit chamber communicates indirectly.
Further, the spraying subsystem includes transversely erect in many shower pipes that have the nozzle of sand table top, set up in the water tank and with the spray pump of shower intercommunication and the rainfall control panel of being connected with the spray pump electricity, the pump water yield of spray pump is in but the purpose of five grades of regulations in order to realize simulation little rain, well rain, heavy rain and torrential rain under the control of rainfall control panel.
Furthermore, a rain gauge, a siphon-type self-recording rain gauge and a tipping bucket rain gauge are arranged on the sand table, wherein the tipping bucket rain gauge is electrically connected with the rain control plate to display the measured rain quantity.
Furthermore, the channel system also comprises an automatic flow controller, wherein the automatic flow controller comprises a first flow control pipeline, a second flow control pipeline and a flow control plate; the first flow control pipeline comprises a first butt joint pipe, an electromagnetic flow meter, a first steel pipe, an electric valve, a first hose and a second steel pipe which are sequentially connected in series, and the first flow control pipeline is connected with a water inlet of the open channel and a submersible pump in the water tank; the second flow control pipeline comprises a second butt joint pipe, a second hose, a manual valve and a third steel pipe which are sequentially connected in series, and the second flow control pipeline is connected with a water outlet of the open channel and the second grit chamber; the opening degrees of the electric valve and the manual valve can be adjusted to realize the control of the channel flow, wherein the flow control plate is electrically connected with the electromagnetic flowmeter, the electric valve and the submersible pump to realize the automatic flow control.
Further, the canal system also comprises a manual flow controller, wherein the manual flow controller comprises a first gate, a second gate, a third gate and a fourth gate, the first gate, the second gate, the third gate and the fourth gate are all arranged in the open canal, the first gate is arranged in front of the culvert, the second gate is arranged between the culvert and the aqueduct, the third gate is arranged between the inverted siphon and the Bashall groove, and the fourth gate is arranged behind the three-stage water drop area.
Furthermore, a water diversion port is arranged on the side part of the open channel between the third gate and the Parshall trough, and a water diversion gate is arranged at the water diversion port.
Further, a water inlet pipe and a water outlet pipe are arranged at the side part or the bottom part of the water tank.
The utility model has the advantages of as follows:
the utility model provides a real model of instructing is surveyed to hydrology collects artificial rainfall and channel system as an organic whole, realizes the artifical regulation of rainfall intensity and control, the automatic monitoring of rainfall, the automatic cycle of channel rivers and the real time control of channel flow, not only has the teaching and the real function of instructing of "teaching, learning, doing", has realized moreover that the real teaching of instructing of hydrology fuses with the skill contest, still has "hydrology prospecting worker" post skill training function.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below. It should be apparent that the drawings in the following description are merely exemplary, and that other embodiments can be derived from the drawings provided by those of ordinary skill in the art without inventive effort.
The structure, ratio, size and the like shown in the present specification are only used for matching with the content disclosed in the specification, so as to be known and read by people familiar with the technology, and are not used for limiting the limit conditions which can be implemented by the present invention, so that the present invention has no technical essential significance, and any structure modification, ratio relationship change or size adjustment should still fall within the range which can be covered by the technical content disclosed by the present invention without affecting the efficacy and the achievable purpose of the present invention.
Fig. 1 is a schematic plan view of a hydrological observation training model integrating artificial rainfall and a channel system provided in an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic view of a water circulation of a hydrological observation training model integrating artificial rainfall and a channel system;
fig. 3 is a control schematic diagram of a hydrological observation training model integrating artificial rainfall and a channel system provided by the embodiment of the utility model;
fig. 4 is a schematic view of a channel flow controller of a hydrological observation practical training model integrated with artificial rainfall and a channel system provided by the embodiment of the utility model.
In the figure:
1-a water tank, 1.1-a water inlet pipe and 1.2-a water discharge pipe;
2-artificial rainfall system, 2.1-spraying subsystem, 2.1.1-spraying pipe, 2.1.2-spraying water pump, 2.1.3-nozzle, 2.1.4-rainfall control board, 2.2-sand table, 2.2.1-rain measuring cylinder, 2.2.2-siphon type self-recording rain gauge, 2.2.3-tipping bucket type rain gauge, 2.3-first grit chamber;
3-channel system, 3.1-open channel, 3.1.1-culvert, 3.1.2-aqueduct, 3.1.3-inverted siphon, 3.1.4-Bashall tank, 3.1.5-triangular weir, 3.1.6-three-level water drop zone, 3.1.7-water diversion port, 3.1.8-shunt gate, 3.2-second grit chamber, 3.3-first flow control pipeline, 3.3.1-first butt joint pipe, 3.3.2-electromagnetic flowmeter, 3.3.3-first steel pipe, 3.3.4-electric valve, 3.3.5-first hose, 3.3.6-second steel pipe, 3.3.7-submersible pump, 3.3.8-flow control board, 3.4-second flow control pipeline, 3.4.1-second butt joint pipe, 3.4.2-second hose, 3.4.3.1-culvert, 3.5-third gate, 3.3.1.32-third gate, 3.3.3.3.3.3.3-third gate 3245-manual gate, 3.3.3.3-second gate, 3.4-manual gate 3245.
Detailed Description
The present invention is described in terms of specific embodiments, and other advantages and benefits of the present invention will become apparent to those skilled in the art from the following disclosure. Based on the embodiments in the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by a person skilled in the art without creative work belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
In the present invention, the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "middle", and the like are used for clarity of description, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and changes or adjustments of the relative relationship thereof without substantial changes in the technical content are also regarded as the scope of the present invention.
A hydrological observation training model integrating artificial rainfall and a channel system is arranged in a room (such as a classroom) with the size of 15 multiplied by 7.2m and can also be arranged outdoors. The hydrological observation practical training model is 11.6m in length and 4.7m in width and is divided into an artificial rainfall demonstration area of 4 x 4.7m and a channel demonstration (demonstration) area of 7.6 x 4.7 m. The artificial rainfall demonstration area can simulate artificial rainfall, adjust and control rainfall intensity, show the formation process of runoff and realize artificial observation and automatic monitoring of rainfall. The channel display (demonstration) area integrates an open channel, a culvert, an aqueduct, an inverted siphon, a Parshall tank, a triangular weir, a three-level water drop area and the like, the channel flow controller realizes the real-time control of the channel flow, and hydrological factors such as the water level, the flow velocity, the flow and the like of a channel under typical working conditions can be observed by means of a hydrological observation facility.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 1 to 4, the hydrological observation training model includes a water tank 1, an artificial rainfall system 2, and a channel system 3.
The water tank 1 is disposed on the floor of a room. The side part or the bottom part is provided with a water inlet pipe 1.1 and a water outlet pipe 1.2 so as to supplement water or change water (because the evaporation capacity is small in a room, the water is mostly used for changing water).
The artificial rainfall system 2 comprises a spraying subsystem 2.1, a sand table 2.2 and a first grit chamber 2.3.
The spraying subsystem 2.1 comprises a plurality of spraying pipes 2.1.1 transversely erected above the sand table 2.2 and provided with nozzles 2.1.3, a spraying water pump 2.1.2 arranged on the water tank 1 and communicated with the spraying pipes 2.1.1 and a rainfall control plate 2.1.4 electrically connected with the spraying water pump 2.1.2, and the water pumping quantity of the spraying water pump 2.1.2 can be adjusted in five steps under the control of the rainfall control plate 2.1.4 so as to realize the purposes of simulating micro rain, light rain, medium rain, heavy rain and heavy rain. The pump water volume of the spray water pump 2.1.2 can be controlled through the rainfall control plate 2.1.4, the rainfall control plate 2.1.4 adopts a touch screen control plate, and the touch screen is at least provided with control buttons of 'light rain on', 'light rain off', 'middle rain on', 'heavy rain off', 'heavy rain on', 'heavy rain off' and 'heavy rain off'. Taking the 'middle rain' as an example, pressing the 'middle rain on', the water pumping amount of the spray water pump 2.1.2 is in the third gear, the water in the water tank 1 is pumped into the spray pipe 2.1.1, and finally is sprayed out through the nozzle 2.1.3 and falls to the sand table 2.2.
Limited to the room space, a sand table 2.2 is arranged above the water tank 1. The sand table 2.2 can also be replaced by a reservoir model or both. The sand table 2.2 is provided with a rain gauge 2.2.1, a siphon type self-recording rain gauge 2.2.2 and a tipping bucket type rain gauge 2.2.3. The rain gauge 2.2.1 needs teachers, students or hydrological surveyors to manually measure the rainfall; the siphon type self-recording rain gauge 2.2.2 can directly display the rainfall; the tipping bucket type rain gauge 2.2.3 is electrically connected with the rain control plate 2.1.4, and the rain amount is displayed on the rain control plate 2.1.4.
The first grit chamber 2.3, which is lower than the sand table 2.2 but higher than the water tank 1, may be disposed below one side of the sand table 2.2. After artificial rainfall, rainwater forms runoff on the sand table 2.2, then flows into the first grit chamber 2.3, and finally flows into the water tank 1.
The canal system 3 comprises an open channel 3.1, a second grit chamber 3.2 and flow controllers, wherein the flow controllers are divided into automatic flow controllers and manual flow controllers. A first gate 3.5.1, a culvert 3.1.1, a second gate 3.5.2, an aqueduct 3.1.2, an inverted siphon 3.1.3, a third gate 3.5.3, a Parshall tank 3.1.4, a triangular weir 3.1.5, a three-level drop zone 3.1.6 and a fourth gate 3.5.4 are sequentially arranged in the open channel 3.1 according to the direction from a water inlet to a water outlet; the first gate 3.5.1, the second gate 3.5.2, the third gate 3.5.3 and the fourth gate 3.5.4 are manual flow controllers, and the regulation of the flow, the flow speed and the water level of a certain section of the open channel 3.1 can be realized by controlling different gates; culverts 3.1.1, aqueducts 3.1.2, inverted siphons 3.1.3, parshall tanks 3.1.4, triangular weirs 3.1.5 and tertiary drop zones 3.1.6 are all common designs in the canal system 3 and are constructed according to the size of the open channels 3.1. The lateral part of the open channel 3.1 between the third gate 3.5.3 and the Parshall groove 3.1.4 is provided with a water diversion port 3.1.7, and the water diversion port 3.1.8 is provided with a water diversion gate 3.1.7. The diversion gates 3.1.8 are normally closed, only to show that the canal system 3 has this structure and does not actually divert water.
The second grit chamber 3.2 is arranged at the other side of the sand table 2.2, and the height of the second grit chamber is lower than the open channel 3.1 and higher than the water tank 1.
The automatic flow controller includes a first flow control line 3.3, a second flow control line 3.4, and a flow control plate 3.3.8. One end of the first flow control pipeline 3.3 is connected with a submersible pump 3.3.7 in the water tank 1, and the other end is connected with the water inlet of the open channel 3.1. One end of the second flow control pipeline 3.4 is connected with the water outlet of the open channel 3.1, and the other end is communicated with the second grit chamber 3.2. Specifically, the first flow control pipeline 3.3 comprises a first butt joint pipe 3.3.1, an electromagnetic flowmeter 3.3.2, a first steel pipe 3.3.3, an electric valve 3.3.4, a first hose 3.3.5 and a second steel pipe 3.3.6 which are sequentially connected in series, and the second flow control pipeline 3.4 comprises a second butt joint pipe 3.4.1, a second hose 3.4.2, a manual valve 3.4.3 and a third steel pipe 3.4.4 which are sequentially connected in series. The opening degree of the electric valve 3.3.4 and the manual valve 3.4.3 can be adjusted to realize the control of the channel flow. The flow control plate 3.3.8 is electrically connected with the electromagnetic flowmeter 3.3.2, the electric valve 3.3.4 and the submersible pump 3.3.7 to realize automatic flow control; specifically, the flow measured by the electromagnetic flowmeter 3.3.2 is displayed on a flow control plate 3.3.8, the electric valve 3.3.4 is controlled by a flow control plate 3.3.8, the opening degree of the electric valve 3.3.4 is controlled by a flow control plate 3.3.8, so that the water quantity and the speed entering the open channel 3.1 are adjusted, and the water return quantity and the speed of the open channel 3.1 are controlled by manually adjusting the opening degree of the manual valve 3.4.3.
The hydrological observation training model provided by the embodiment has the following characteristics:
1. manual regulation and control for realizing rainfall intensity
The artificial rainfall system can adjust and control rainfall intensity, and the rainfall intensity is divided into five levels, namely: light rain, medium rain, heavy rain.
2. Automatic monitoring of rainfall is achieved
The artificial rainfall system can realize the automatic monitoring of rainfall, a siphon type self-recording rain gauge and a tipping bucket type rain gauge are installed in a rainfall field (sand table), the rainfall is automatically monitored through the rain gauge, and the monitored rainfall data can be checked at any time through the control panel.
3. Realize the automatic circulation of the channel water flow
The submersible pump pumps water in the water tank into the open channel, the water flow sequentially flows through the culvert, the aqueduct, the inverted siphon, the Barschel tank, the triangular weir, the three-level water drop area and the like through the open channel, and finally flows back to the water tank through the grit chamber, so that automatic circulation of the water flow is formed.
4. Real-time control of channel flow
The water flow entering the open channel from the water tank is controlled by the channel flow controller, the flow entering the open channel can be adjusted at any time according to needs, and the flow of different sections of the upstream and downstream of the open channel can be controlled manually through a gate arranged on the open channel, so that the real-time control of the channel flow is realized.
The hydrological observation training model provided by the embodiment has the following functions:
1. realize teaching and practical training functions of teaching, learning and doing
The requirement of the school water specialty student 'hydrology' course hydrology observation teaching and practical training teaching links is met, and through the use of the model, the purpose that a teacher 'does middle school teaching' and a student 'does middle school' is achieved.
The students can understand the rainfall process and the runoff formation process through the operation of the artificial rainfall system, and the understanding of the students on the rainfall intensity concept is enhanced through the regulation and control of the rainfall intensity. Through actual operation, students can master the method for observing artificial rainfall, master the use of the siphon-type self-recording rain gauges and the tipping bucket type self-recording rain gauges and improve the rainfall observation skills of the students.
Students not only know the related knowledge of structures such as culverts, aqueducts, water gates, inverted siphons and the like, but also know the equivalent water facilities of the Parshall tanks and the triangular weirs through using the channel system. Students can observe the water level of the open channel by using a water gauge, test the flow velocity of different points of the open channel by using a flow velocity meter, test the channel flow by using a Parshall groove and a triangular weir, and test the flow of different positions of a rectangular section and a T-shaped section of the channel by using a flow velocity-area method. The observation skills of hydrological factors such as water level, flow velocity and flow of students are improved.
2. Realize that hydrological training teaching and skill competition fuse
The training model is used as a carrier, training teaching and skill competition are integrated in the training process, a hydrologic training teaching link can be completed, training contents and skill competition contents are organically combined, the competition contents can be rainfall and water level observation, flow rate and flow rate tests, and the hydrologic skills of students are improved while competition consciousness of the students is cultivated. The skill competition mode can be used for single-person competition and group competition, and the cooperation consciousness of students is improved.
3. Realizing 'hydrological surveyor' post skill training
The training model can meet the teaching requirement of the training of the skills of students in education and the post training requirement of a water affair basic unit, realizes the combination of training and exerts the service function.
Although the invention has been described in detail with respect to the general description and the specific embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that modifications and improvements can be made based on the invention. Accordingly, such modifications and improvements are intended to be within the scope of this invention without departing from the spirit thereof.
Claims (7)
1. The utility model provides a collect artificial rainfall and real model of instructing of hydrology observation of channel system as an organic whole which characterized in that, includes artificial rainfall system, channel system and water tank, artificial rainfall system including spray the subsystem, set up in the sand table that sprays the subsystem below and be located the first grit chamber of sand table one side below, spray the water inlet of subsystem with the water tank intercommunication, water on the sand table flows through behind the first grit chamber backward flow extremely the water tank, the channel system includes the open channel, links up the second grit chamber of open channel delivery port and water tank and sets gradually culvert, aqueduct, inverted siphon, bashel groove and the tertiary water fall district in the open channel from water inlet to delivery port, the water inlet of open channel with the water tank communicates indirectly, the delivery port of open channel with the second grit chamber communicates indirectly.
2. The practical training model for hydrological observation according to claim 1, wherein the spraying subsystem comprises a plurality of spraying pipes with nozzles transversely erected above the sand table, a spraying water pump arranged in the water tank and communicated with the spraying pipes, and a rainfall control panel electrically connected with the spraying water pump, and the water pumping quantity of the spraying water pump can be adjusted in five steps under the control of the rainfall control panel so as to achieve the purpose of simulating light rain, medium rain, heavy rain and heavy rain.
3. The hydrological observation practical training model of claim 2, wherein a rain gauge, a siphonic self-recording rain gauge and a skip rain gauge are arranged on the sand table, wherein the skip rain gauge is electrically connected with the rain control board to display the measured rain.
4. The hydrographic observation practical training model of claim 1, wherein the canal system further comprises an automatic flow controller comprising a first flow control line, a second flow control line and a flow control plate; the first flow control pipeline comprises a first butt joint pipe, an electromagnetic flow meter, a first steel pipe, an electric valve, a first hose and a second steel pipe which are sequentially connected in series, and the first flow control pipeline is connected with a water inlet of the open channel and a submersible pump in the water tank; the second flow control pipeline comprises a second butt joint pipe, a second hose, a manual valve and a third steel pipe which are sequentially connected in series, and the second flow control pipeline is connected with a water outlet of the open channel and the second grit chamber; the opening degree of the electric valve and the manual valve can be adjusted to realize the control of channel flow, wherein the flow control plate is electrically connected with the electromagnetic flowmeter, the electric valve and the submersible pump to realize the automatic flow control.
5. The hydrological observation practical training model of claim 1, wherein the canal system further comprises a manual flow controller, the manual flow controller comprises a first gate, a second gate, a third gate and a fourth gate, the first gate, the second gate, the third gate and the fourth gate are all arranged in an open channel, the first gate is arranged in front of the culvert, the second gate is arranged between the culvert and the aqueduct, the third gate is arranged between the inverted siphon and the Bashall groove, and the fourth gate is arranged behind the third-stage drop zone.
6. The hydrological observation practical training model of claim 5, wherein a water diversion port is formed in the side portion of the open channel between the third gate and the Parshall tank, and a water diversion gate is arranged at the water diversion port.
7. The hydrological observation practical training model of claim 1, wherein a water inlet pipe and a water outlet pipe are arranged on the side or the bottom of the water tank.
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| CN202222007284.XU CN218351044U (en) | 2022-08-01 | 2022-08-01 | Hydrological observation training model integrating artificial rainfall and channel system |
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| CN202222007284.XU CN218351044U (en) | 2022-08-01 | 2022-08-01 | Hydrological observation training model integrating artificial rainfall and channel system |
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