CN218345102U

CN218345102U - Gantry speed limiting and buffering control system for electric forklift

Info

Publication number: CN218345102U
Application number: CN202222346845.9U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 王杰; 盛华健; 张克军; 陈颖; 陶亚满; 徐一帆
Original assignee: Anhui Heli Co Ltd
Current assignee: Anhui Heli Co Ltd
Priority date: 2022-09-01
Filing date: 2022-09-01
Publication date: 2023-01-20
Anticipated expiration: 2032-09-01

Abstract

The utility model discloses a portal speed limit and buffer control system for electric fork-lift truck in fork truck field, including a plurality of proximity switch that are used for rising respectively to rise the buffering and detecting, decline the buffering and detecting, antedisplacement buffering and detecting, the backward displacement buffering and detecting, it detects and the high-order speed limit detects to rise the proximity switch, install the buffering installing support on the inboard bottom surface of fork truck's portal landing leg orientation fork, wherein antedisplacement or backward displacement buffering proximity switch install on buffering installing support, the inboard surface of portal landing leg runs through there is the through wires hole, antedisplacement or backward displacement buffering proximity switch's connecting wire bundle penetrates from the end of portal landing leg, wear out from the through wires hole. The utility model discloses with antedisplacement, rethread buffering proximity switch's pencil adoption threading installation, proximity switch is by the risk that the foreign object damaged in can effectively avoiding the fork truck use, has improved buffer function's reliability. In addition, the high-position speed-limiting proximity switch is used for limiting the speed during high-position operation of the forklift, so that the stability of the high-position operation of the whole forklift is improved.

Description

Gantry speed limiting and buffering control system for electric forklift

Technical Field

The utility model relates to a fork truck field specifically is a portal speed limit and buffer control system for electric fork truck.

Background

In the lifting, forward moving and backward moving processes of the forklift gantry, buffering control is required to be performed so as to improve the operation stability of the forklift gantry. As shown in fig. 3, in the forward movement buffering mounting structure in the prior art, a forward movement buffering mounting bracket 1a and a backward movement buffering mounting bracket 1c are mounted on a gantry support 1b through screws, the forward movement buffering mounting bracket 1a is designed to have a long length due to consideration of the forward movement distance of the whole vehicle, the plate thickness is generally 6mm, the too long forward and backward movement buffering mounting brackets 1a and 1c are easy to deform during use, but the effective sensing distance of the proximity switch is 3-5 mm, and if the forward and backward movement buffering mounting brackets 1a and 1c deform, the sensing reliability of the proximity switch is reduced, and the safety problem is easy to occur.

In addition, the position detection of lifting, forward moving and backward moving of a forklift gantry is usually realized by adopting a proximity switch at present, but no better solution is provided for the shaking problem and the lifting speed limit in the high-position operation of the electric forklift.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

An object of the utility model is to provide a portal speed limit and buffer control system for electric fork-lift to solve the problem that proposes among the above-mentioned background art.

In order to achieve the above object, the utility model provides a following technical scheme:

a gantry speed limiting and buffering control system for an electric forklift comprises a plurality of proximity switches which are respectively used for lifting buffering detection, descending buffering detection, forward shifting buffering detection, backward shifting buffering detection, lifting speed limiting detection and high-order speed limiting detection, wherein all the proximity switches are connected with the input end of a forklift controller, and the output end of the forklift controller is respectively connected with proportional solenoid valves used for lifting control, descending control, forward shifting control and backward shifting control; the inside bottom surface of fork truck's portal landing leg orientation fork is installed and is cushioned the installing support, and wherein antedisplacement or retrusion buffering proximity switch installs on cushioning the installing support, the inboard surface of portal landing leg runs through there is the through wires hole, and antedisplacement or retrusion buffering proximity switch's connecting wire harness penetrates from the end of portal landing leg, wears out from the through wires hole.

Furthermore, a buffering protection support is further mounted on the bottom surface of the inner side of each portal support leg, the buffering protection supports are of a 'U' shape and are mounted on two sides of each buffering mounting support, and the middle portion of each buffering protection support is sunken downwards and elastically abuts against and presses the forward-moving or backward-moving buffering proximity switch.

Furthermore, the lifting speed-limiting buffering proximity switch is installed on a speed-limiting proximity switch installation support, the speed-limiting proximity switch installation support is fixed on the outer door frame, and the induction plate is installed on a goods blocking frame of the forklift.

Furthermore, the descending buffering proximity switch is installed on a descending buffering proximity switch installation support, the descending buffering proximity switch installation support is fixed on the outer gantry, and the descending buffering proximity switch and the lifting speed-limiting proximity switch share the same induction plate.

Furthermore, the high-position speed-limiting proximity switch is fixed on an outer gantry of the forklift, a high-position speed-limiting induction plate is fixed on a middle gantry of the forklift, the length L = (H-H)/2 of the high-position speed-limiting induction plate is provided, wherein L is the length of the high-position speed-limiting induction plate, H is the height of the gantry of the forklift, and H is the height of the induction point of the high-position speed-limiting proximity switch.

Has the advantages that: the utility model discloses with the pencil of antedisplacement, rethread buffering proximity switch adopt the landing leg to wear formula threading installation in, the installing support is built-in the inboard of portal landing leg, and not only whole effect is more pleasing to the eye, can effectively avoid in the fork truck use in addition proximity switch by the risk that the foreign object damaged, improved buffer function's reliability. Furthermore, the utility model discloses set up the speed limit when high-order speed limit proximity switch is used for the high-order operation of fork truck, can design the inductive position height according to market operating mode demand to realize the high-order speed limit demand of different work condition, promote the stability of whole car high-order operation.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic view of the installation position of each proximity switch of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is an electrical schematic diagram of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the installation of a forward and backward movement buffer proximity switch of the prior art;

fig. 4 is an installation schematic diagram of the forward movement buffer proximity switch of the present invention;

fig. 5 is an installation schematic diagram of the backward movement buffer proximity switch of the present invention;

fig. 6 is an installation schematic diagram of the lifting speed-limiting buffer proximity switch and the descending buffer proximity switch of the utility model;

fig. 7 is an installation schematic diagram of the lifting buffer proximity switch of the present invention;

fig. 8 is a side view of the installation of the high-position speed-limiting induction plate 2C on the gantry of the present invention;

fig. 9 is an orthographic view and a partial enlarged view of the installation of the high-position speed-limiting induction plate 2C on the gantry of the present invention.

In the figure: 1-lifting/descending thumb switch, 2-advancing/retreating thumb switch, 3-anteversion/retreating thumb switch, 4-leftwards moving/rightwards moving thumb switch, 5-high speed limit proximity switch, 6-lifting buffer proximity switch, 7-descending buffer proximity switch, 8-anteversion buffer proximity switch, 9-retreating buffer proximity switch, 10-lifting speed limit buffer proximity switch, 11-DCDC converter, 12-forklift controller, 13-lifting valve, 14-descending valve, 15-retreating valve, 16-retreating valve, 17-retreating valve, 18-anteversion valve, 19-rightwards moving valve, 20-leftwards moving valve, 21-instrument, 22-speed sensor, 23-traction motor, 24-speed sensor, 25-pump motor, 26-oil pump, 27-driving thumb switch, 28-scram switch, 29-storage battery, 30-key switch, 31-fuse box.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by a person skilled in the art without creative work belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

Referring to fig. 1-2, a gantry speed-limiting and buffering control system for an electric forklift comprises a high-position speed-limiting proximity switch 5, a lifting buffering proximity switch 6, a descending buffering proximity switch 7, a forward movement buffering proximity switch 8, a backward movement buffering proximity switch 9 and a lifting speed-limiting proximity switch 10, wherein the proximity switches are sequentially connected to input ends S13-S18 of a forklift controller 12. The input end of the forklift controller 12 is also connected with a lifting/descending thumb switch 1, a forward/backward moving thumb switch 2, a forward/backward moving thumb switch 3 and a left/right moving thumb switch 4 respectively, and the input end of the forklift controller 12 is also connected with a driving thumb switch 27.

The positive and negative power input ends of the forklift controller 12 and the power input end of the DCDC converter 11 are respectively connected with the control port of the DCDC converter 11 of the positive and negative ports of the storage battery 29, and the control port is sequentially connected with the fuse box 31, the key switch 30 and the emergency stop switch 28 to the storage battery 29, and the starting and the closing of the forklift controller 12 and the DCDC converter 11 are controlled by the key switch 30. The output ends A1-A12 of the forklift controller 12 are respectively connected with a lifting valve 13, a descending valve 14, a backward moving valve 15, a forward moving valve 16, a backward moving valve 17, a forward moving valve 18, a right moving valve 19 and a left moving valve 20, the output ends CAN _ H and CAN _ L are connected with an instrument 21 through a CAN bus, the output ends A13 and A14 are respectively connected with

speed sensors

22 and 24, the output ends U, V and W are connected with a traction motor 23 and a pump motor 25, and the pump motor 25 is connected with an oil pump 26.

After the KEY switch 30 is started, after the power supply of the storage battery 29 passes through the emergency stop switch 28, the KEY switch 30 and the fuse box 31, the power supply reaches an S19_ KEY port of the forklift controller 12, and the forklift controller 12 is started by power-on self-checking; meanwhile, the power signal of the key switch 30 reaches the control port of the DCDC converter 11, starts the DCDC converter 11, converts the voltage of the storage battery into 12V power output, and supplies to the 12V power supply device of the whole vehicle. The user can operate the forklift through the lifting/descending thumb switch 1, the forward/backward moving thumb switch 2, the forward/backward moving thumb switch 3 and the left/right moving thumb switch 4 to enable the gantry to complete corresponding actions, and can also operate the driving thumb switch 27 to enable the forklift to perform forward and backward driving actions.

Referring to fig. 1, a high-position speed-limiting proximity switch 5 and a lifting buffering proximity switch 6 are installed at the middle upper part of a gantry, a descending buffering proximity switch 7 and a lifting speed-limiting buffering proximity switch 10 are installed at the middle lower part of the gantry, and a forward moving buffering proximity switch 8 and a backward moving buffering proximity switch 9 are installed on a gantry supporting leg 1A at the bottom end.

Specifically, as shown in fig. 4, a forward movement buffering mounting bracket 4A is mounted on the inner bottom surface of the mast leg 1A of the forklift facing the fork, wherein a forward movement buffering proximity switch 8 is mounted on the forward movement buffering mounting bracket 4A, a threading hole 2A penetrates through the inner side surface of the mast leg 1A, and a connection harness of the forward movement buffering proximity switch 8 penetrates through the end of the mast leg 1A and penetrates out of the threading hole 2A.

Similarly, as shown in fig. 5, the rearward buffer proximity switch 9 is mounted on a rearward buffer mounting bracket 3E, the rearward buffer mounting bracket 3E being fixed to the inside of the mast leg 1A. The inside surface of the portal landing leg 1A is penetrated with a threading hole 1E, and a connecting wire harness of the backward movement buffer approach switch 9 penetrates through the end of the portal landing leg 1A and penetrates out of the threading hole 1E. By adopting the structure, the wiring harnesses of the forward and backward buffer proximity switches are installed by penetrating through the supporting legs, the mounting support is arranged in the inner side of the supporting legs 1A of the gantry, the overall effect is more attractive, the risk that the proximity switches are damaged by foreign objects in the use process of the forklift can be effectively avoided, and the reliability of the buffer function is improved.

Further, in order to firmly fix the proximity switch, the front buffer protection bracket 3A and the backward buffer protection bracket 2E are further installed on the inner bottom surface of the gantry supporting leg 1A, the front buffer protection bracket 3A is of a 'n' shape and is installed on the two sides of the front buffer installation bracket 4A, the backward buffer protection bracket 2E is of a 'n' shape and is installed on the two sides of the backward buffer installation bracket 3E, the middle parts of the front buffer protection bracket 3A and the backward buffer protection bracket 2E are sunken downwards, and the front buffer proximity switch 8 and the backward buffer proximity switch 9 are respectively elastically pressed.

As shown in fig. 6, the lifting speed-limiting buffer proximity switch 10 is mounted on a speed-limiting proximity switch mounting bracket 1B, the speed-limiting proximity switch mounting bracket 1B is fixed on the outer gantry 4B by screws, and the sensing plate 2B is mounted on the goods-blocking shelf 3B by screws. In actual lifting and descending of the portal frame, the lifting speed limiting buffer proximity switch 10 does not move along with lifting of the portal frame, and the induction plate 2B can move along with lifting and descending of the goods blocking frame 3B. The induction plate 2B can be lifted by 400mm according to the CE requirement, the length of the induction plate is designed according to the speed limit, and the lifting speed limit function can also be designed according to different standards.

The lifting speed limit is designed according to the latest CE (EN 1175) requirement 2020, the CE content is that the forward fork lift lifts 400mm, and the speed limit is less than or equal to 6Km/h. Therefore, the long sensing plate is arranged on the side edge of the bottom of the gantry, the length L of the sensing plate can be calculated through a calculation formula L =400-L1, and L1 in the formula is the distance from the bottom of the gantry to the ground.

The lifting speed-limiting buffer proximity switch 10 is a PNP normally open type, so that after the long strip induction plate is induced, a high level signal is output to an S18 port of the forklift controller 12, the forklift controller 12 executes lifting speed limitation according to a formula V _S ＝α×V _Smax If the whole vehicle is designed to have the maximum speed V _Smax The vehicle speed information is 12Km/h, namely alpha is 0.5, the alpha can be modified according to the instrument 21, the forklift controller 12 controls the rotating speed of the traction motor 23, detects signals of the speed sensor 22, performs data calculation through the forklift controller 12, sends the vehicle speed information to the instrument 21, and the instrument 21 displays the vehicle speed in real time.

The descending buffering proximity switch 7 adopts the same mounting structure as the lifting speed-limiting buffering proximity switch 10, as shown in fig. 6, the descending buffering proximity switch 7 is mounted on a descending buffering proximity switch mounting bracket 5B and fixed on the outer gantry 4B, and the induction plate and the lifting speed-limiting function share one induction plate. The functions of the descending buffer proximity switch 7 and the lifting speed-limiting buffer proximity switch 10 are different, for example, if the descending buffer distance is designed to be 200mm buffer distance, the installation position of the descending buffer proximity switch is 200mm lower than that of the lifting speed-limiting proximity switch, and the distance value is set according to the actual situation. The forklift controller 12 receives the descending switch signal and the descending buffer signal to realize the descending buffer function of the gantry.

As shown in fig. 7, the lifting buffer proximity switch 6 is fixed on the outer gantry through the mounting bracket 1G, the induction plate 1F is fixed on the middle gantry, in some embodiments, the length of the induction plate 1F can be set to 200mm, that is, when the gantry lifts to a distance of 200mm from the top, the controller receives a lifting switch signal and a lifting buffer signal, so as to realize the gantry lifting buffer function.

The buffer control is just the speed limit of the portal operation to the limit point tail end section, so that the tail end is prevented from being too fast to cause tail end operation impact, the tail end operation stability is greatly improved, and the portal operation stability is improved. The buffer control mainly relates to lifting buffer, descending buffer, forward buffer and backward buffer, the electrical principle of the buffer control is the same, and the proximity switch type, the induction plate and the fixed position are adjusted according to the actual installation condition, so that the buffer control of the tail end of the portal is realized. If the lifting process is carried out, the approach switch signal and the lifting valve switch signal are simultaneously triggered, and the controller executes the speed limit of the whole vehicle; during the descent, the proximity switch signal and the descent switch signal are triggered simultaneously, and the forklift controller 12 performs a descent buffering function.

Taking lifting buffering as an example, a PNP normally-open proximity switch is adopted for lifting buffering, an induction plate 2B is installed at the upper end of a goods blocking frame 3B of an outer gantry, the length of the induction plate 2B is generally selected to be 180mm-250mm according to experience, a high level signal is output after the lifting buffering proximity switch 6 senses the induction plate 2B, after a signal is obtained at an S14 port of a forklift controller 12, the forklift controller 12 executes lifting buffering, the speed-limiting lifting buffering speed is determined according to a formula

V _H1max For maximum speed of lifting, V _H1 In order to increase the buffering speed of the lifting mechanism,

the lifting buffer speed reduces the coefficient,

the adjustment of the coefficient can be set according to actual vehicle experiments and driving experience.

The lifting and descending buffering can be designed into different lengths of the induction plates, so that the sensing positions are different, and meanwhile, the lifting and descending buffering can be arranged on the same side of the gantry for attractive design, so that one wire harness on the same side can realize the function.

The high-position speed-limiting proximity switch 5 is used for limiting the speed of the hydraulic action of the forklift when the gantry is in high-position operation above a certain height in the lifting or descending process. As shown in fig. 8 and 9, taking a three-stage fully-free gantry 1C as an example, a high-position speed-limiting proximity switch 5 is installed on a high-position speed-limiting proximity switch installation support, the high-position speed-limiting proximity switch is fixed on an outer gantry 3D through screws, a high-position speed-limiting induction plate 2C is welded on a middle gantry 2D, and the middle gantry 2D is located between the outer gantry 3D and the inner gantry 1D.

The length of the high-position speed-limiting induction plate 2C can be designed according to the operation condition and the speed-limiting height of the forklift, and can be designed according to a formula L = (H-H)/2, (L is the length of the high-position speed-limiting induction plate, H is the height of the portal frame, and H is the position height of the induction point of the high-position speed-limiting proximity switch). For example, in some embodiments, if the forklift model is the forward-moving ZSM6750, if the upper limit speed is achieved above 5m, the length L = (6750-5000)/2 =875mm of the upper limit speed sensing board 2C. Above 5m, the speed of the whole vehicle running and the movement of the gantry is limited, and the stability of high-position operation is improved. If the height of the door frames of other vehicle types is higher than 7 meters, the speed limit can be set to be more than 6 meters according to practical requirements. Because the stability of the high-position operation of the forklift needs to be realized, the position selection of the high-position speed limit proximity switch 5 and the length of the high-position speed limit induction plate 2C are all important, if the designed position is too low, the high-position speed limit induction plate 2C is too long, the speed is limited too early, the operation efficiency is greatly reduced, and vice versa.

The utility model discloses speed limit when setting up high-order speed limit proximity switch 5 and being used for the high-order operation of fork truck can design the inductive position height according to market operating mode demand to realize the high-order speed limit demand of different work condition, promote the stability of whole car high-order operation.

Although the present specification describes embodiments, not every embodiment includes only a single embodiment, and such descriptions are provided for clarity, and it is understood that the specification is incorporated herein by reference, and the embodiments described in each embodiment may be combined as appropriate to form other embodiments, which will be apparent to those skilled in the art.

Therefore, the above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present application and is not intended to limit the scope of the present application; all the equivalent changes made within the scope of the claims of the present application are the protection scope of the claims of the present application.

Claims

1. A gantry speed limiting and buffering control system for an electric forklift is characterized by comprising a plurality of proximity switches which are respectively used for lifting buffer detection, descending buffer detection, forward movement buffer detection, backward movement buffer detection, lifting speed limiting detection and high-position speed limiting detection, wherein all the proximity switches are connected with the input end of a forklift controller, and the output end of the forklift controller is respectively connected with proportional solenoid valves used for lifting control, descending control, forward movement control and backward movement control;

the inside bottom surface of fork truck's portal landing leg orientation fork is installed and is cushioned the installing support, and wherein antedisplacement or retrusion buffering proximity switch installs on cushioning the installing support, the inboard surface of portal landing leg runs through there is the through wires hole, and antedisplacement or retrusion buffering proximity switch's connecting wire harness penetrates from the end of portal landing leg, wears out from the through wires hole.

2. The mast speed limiting and buffering control system for the electric forklift according to claim 1, wherein the inner bottom surfaces of the mast legs are further provided with buffering protection brackets, the buffering protection brackets are arranged on two sides of the buffering mounting bracket in a shape of 'ji', and the middle parts of the buffering protection brackets are sunken downwards and elastically press the forward or backward buffering proximity switches.

3. The mast speed limit and buffer control system for electric forklifts of claim 1, wherein the lifting speed limit buffer proximity switch is mounted on a speed limit proximity switch mounting bracket fixed on the outer mast, the induction plate is mounted on the goods shelves of the forklifts.

4. The mast speed limit and buffer control system for electric lift trucks of claim 3, wherein the descent buffer proximity switch is mounted on a descent buffer proximity switch mounting bracket fixed to the outer mast, the descent buffer proximity switch and the lifting speed limit proximity switch share the same sensing plate.

5. The mast speed-limiting and buffering control system for the electric forklift according to claim 1, wherein the high speed-limiting proximity switch is fixed on an outer mast of the forklift, a high speed-limiting induction plate is fixed on a middle mast of the forklift, and the length of the high speed-limiting induction plate is L = (H-H)/2, wherein L is the length of the high speed-limiting induction plate, H is the height of the mast of the forklift, and H is the height of the induction point position of the high speed-limiting proximity switch.