CN218331375U

CN218331375U - Inclined probe for detecting nut

Info

Publication number: CN218331375U
Application number: CN202222530513.6U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 张海兵; 马大勇; 单柏荣
Original assignee: Qingdao Campus of Naval Aviation University of PLA
Current assignee: Qingdao Campus of Naval Aviation University of PLA
Priority date: 2022-09-24
Filing date: 2022-09-24
Publication date: 2023-01-17
Anticipated expiration: 2032-09-24

Abstract

The utility model discloses an oblique probe for detecting nut, include rectangular bodily form casing, be located tapered wedge, piezoelectric wafer, damping piece in the casing and fill in sound absorbing material in the casing, wherein, the damping piece is located on the piezoelectric wafer, piezoelectric wafer with an inclined plane contact of tapered wedge and link to each other its characterized in that with the electric lead: still including being mirror symmetry, set up two stoppers on terminal surface left and right side under the casing, two the cross section of stopper is right angled triangle, and triangle-shaped's a right-angle side with terminal surface laminating, another right-angle side under the casing with casing left end face or right-hand member face parallel and level. The utility model discloses a special frock clamp has been increased to the oblique probe, lets the measurement personnel can be fast accurate will wait to detect the work piece and fix between the stop block, lets detect more fast accurate, the false positive rate when reducing measurement personnel manual operation with leak the rate of examining.

Description

Inclined probe for detecting nut

Technical Field

The utility model relates to an ultrasonic detection field especially relates to an oblique probe for detecting nut.

Background

Ultrasonic flaw detection is a method for detecting the flaw of metal parts by means of the reflection of ultrasonic wave from one section to another, and features that when the ultrasonic wave is transmitted from the surface of part to the inside of metal part by probe, it is reflected to the bottom of the part to form pulse waveforms on display screen, and the position and size of the flaw are judged according to the pulse waveforms.

The oblique probe on the existing market does not install special tooling additionally, when detecting the more part of quantity, especially when detecting the manifold hexagon nut of quantity, need six the same detection faces of detecting hexagon nut, just can detect the defect of the inner wall and the outer wall of nut comprehensively, hexagon nut's detection face area is less, manual detection time measuring requires that the operating personnel finger keeps nimble state at any time, and the probe is placed the position and must be suitable, the ultrasonic wave that makes can be incited to inside the nut in the appropriate position, this has provided very high requirement to the testing personnel, need adjust probe position repeatedly in the actual detection and just can reach the detection effect of ideal. Therefore, if no proper tool is designed, when the detection workload is large, the operator is difficult to avoid and easy to miss detection and error detection, and the detection efficiency is extremely low.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to overcome the technical problem above, the utility model aims at providing an oblique probe for detecting nut, it has special frock clamp, and operating personnel will make things convenient for the nut fast to put into fixedly, carries out the inner wall and the outer wall detection operation of nut again to improve testing personnel's work efficiency, reduce the probability of lou examining and the wrong detection.

The utility model provides a following technical scheme:

the utility model provides an oblique probe for detecting nut, includes cuboid shape casing 7, is located tapered wedge 3, piezoelectric wafer 2, damping piece 1 in the casing 7 and fill in sound absorbing material 6 in the casing 7, wherein, damping piece 1 is located on the piezoelectric wafer 2, piezoelectric wafer 2 with an inclined plane contact of tapered wedge 3 links to each other with electric lead 5, still including be mirror symmetry, set up two stoppers 4 on the left and right sides of terminal surface under the casing, two the cross section of stopper 4 is right triangle, and triangle-shaped a right angle limit with terminal surface laminating, another right angle limit under casing 7 with casing 7 left end face or right-hand member face parallel and level.

Optionally, an inclined plane of the piezoelectric wafer 2 contacting the wedge 3 forms an included angle of 25 to 35 degrees with the lower end face of the housing 7.

Optionally, the hypotenuse of the cross-sectional triangle of the stop member 4 forms an angle of 60 ° with the lower end face of the housing 7.

Optionally, the cross section of the stop member 4 is a right triangle, and the length of a right-angle side of the right triangle, which is attached to the lower end face of the housing 7, is 4-8 mm.

Optionally, the longitudinal section of the tapered wedge 3 is trapezoidal.

Optionally, the length of the upper side of the trapezoid is 14-16 mm, the length of the lower side of the trapezoid is 28-32 mm, and the height of the trapezoid is 18-22 mm.

Optionally, the wedge 3 is at least 5mm away from the side wall of the housing 7.

Optionally, the lower end of the piezoelectric wafer 2 is at least 3mm away from the lower end surface of the housing 7.

Compared with the prior art, the utility model discloses possess following beneficial effect:

the utility model discloses install special frock additional on oblique probe, this special frock is frock clamp, two stoppers that the probe bottom surface set up promptly, and these two stoppers are to the special frock that goes on the test processing of nut internal and external surface crackle, can carry out the accurate positioning to the internal and external surface defect of hexagon nut, and effective judgement has the flawless, guarantees simultaneously that the probe is stably placed at the detection face, and fixed probe keeps in the detection position of preferred, reduces the wrong examination rate and the missed measure rate of measurement personnel manual operation.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a metal workpiece to be inspected.

Fig. 2 is a schematic longitudinal sectional view of an oblique probe according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 3 shows an inner wall defect of the oblique probe measurement nut according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 4 is an outer wall defect of the oblique probe measurement nut according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram illustrating the size and the incident angle of the ultrasonic wave according to an embodiment of the present invention.

The reference numbers in the figures are:

1. a damping block; 2. a piezoelectric wafer; 3. a tapered wedge; 4. a stopper; 5. an electrically conductive wire; 6. a sound absorbing material; 7. a housing.

Detailed Description

The present invention is described in detail below with reference to the following examples and figures, but it should be understood that these examples and figures are only intended to illustrate the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. All reasonable variations and combinations included within the scope of the inventive idea of the present invention fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

The utility model discloses a detection principle is, and the longitudinal wave that piezoelectric wafer produced is incited in being surveyed metal work piece through the sloping wedge slope to the conversion becomes transverse wave and spreads in metal work piece. The transverse waves respectively generate reflected waves when encountering the defects of the metal workpiece or the outer wall of the part, pulse waveforms are formed on a display screen connected with the ultrasonic probe, and whether the metal material has the defects or not is analyzed according to the pulse waveforms.

The present invention will be further explained with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Fig. 1 is a metal workpiece to be tested, specifically a hexagon nut, and an embodiment of an angle probe for testing a nut shown in fig. 2 includes a rectangular parallelepiped housing 7, an angle wedge 3 located in the housing 7, a piezoelectric wafer 2, a damping block 1, and a sound absorbing material 6 filled in the housing 7, wherein the damping block 1 is located on the piezoelectric wafer 2, and the piezoelectric wafer 2 is in contact with an inclined surface of the angle wedge 3 and is connected to an electrical lead 5; it is still including being mirror symmetry, setting up two retainer 4 on terminal surface left and right side under casing 7, and the cross section of two retainer 4 is right angled triangle, and a right-angle side of triangle-shaped and casing 7 under terminal surface laminating, another right-angle side and casing 7 left end face or right-hand member face parallel and level.

The process of generating transverse waves by the inclined probe is that useful sound beams generated by axial vibration of a wafer on the piezoelectric wafer 2 are longitudinal wave sound beams, useless noise waves generated by the piezoelectric wafer 2 are absorbed by the sound absorption material 6, longitudinal waves generated by the piezoelectric wafer 2 are incident into a metal workpiece to be detected after passing through the inclined wedge 3, waveform conversion is generated on a contact surface of the inclined wedge 3 and the metal workpiece, and the longitudinal waves are converted into the transverse waves.

In the embodiment, the staff can fix the metal workpiece to be detected between the stop pieces 4 stably and accurately, the position of the metal workpiece to be detected is limited, and the flaw detection result is fast and accurate. For the staff on the assembly line, the defect of nut internal and external surface needs short-term test to come out, according to the geometric features of nut, two detection position of above-mentioned retainer 4 can one of them side of quick fixed hexagon nut detect the crackle and the defect of the internal surface and the surface of six sides of hexagon nut rapidly, have effectively avoided the testing result uncertainty that testing personnel adjusted the probe repeatedly and brought, have also improved detection efficiency.

Optionally, an inclined plane of the piezoelectric wafer 2 contacting the wedge 3 forms an included angle of 25 to 35 degrees with the lower end face of the housing 7. As shown in fig. 5, the arrow line in the figure is an ultrasonic wave incident direction, the main purpose of the wedge 3 is to make the ultrasonic wave incident into the nut at a certain angle, according to the geometrical shape characteristics of the nut, the included angle α between the inclined plane where the wedge 3 contacts with the piezoelectric wafer 2 and the lower end surface of the shell 7 is designed to be 25 to 35 °, the incident angle of the ultrasonic wave is an angle between the ultrasonic wave and the perpendicular line of the bottom surface of the wedge 3, so that the incident angle of the ultrasonic wave is also α, i.e. 25 to 35 °, and the two angles are equal, and the ultrasonic beam at the incident angle can fall into the region to be detected.

As shown in fig. 3, the ultrasonic wave emitted from the piezoelectric wafer 2 can be converted into a transverse wave within the range of the included angle, and cracks on the inner wall of the nut can be detected. As shown in fig. 4, the primary transverse wave can be reflected by the inner wall of the nut and can be converted into a secondary transverse wave, so that the cracks on the outer wall of the nut can be detected. When the oblique probe is pushed forwards or pulled backwards for positioning, the ultrasonic beam with the incident angle of 25-35 degrees can fall on the area to be detected, cracks on the inner wall and the outer wall of the nut can be detected simultaneously, and the sensitivity and the reliability of detection are greatly improved.

Alternatively, the hypotenuse of the cross-sectional triangle of the stop member 4 forms an angle of 60 ° with the lower end face of the housing 7. Furthermore, the cross section of the stop piece 4 is a right triangle, and the length of a right-angle side, which is attached to the lower end face of the shell 7, of the right triangle is 4-8 mm.

In the above-mentioned embodiment, the interior angle of the most common hexagon nut is 120 °, therefore, the cross section of retainer 4 is an oblique angle and is 60 °, and this oblique angle mirror image sets up relatively, and the outside form of adaptation hexagon nut that can be fine slides in frock clamp left or two directions right and puts hexagon nut and all can fix hexagon nut fast, carries out accurate detection. One side of the hexagonal nut to be detected is tightly attached to the lower end face of the shell 7 and is placed between the two stop pieces 4, so that the length of the detected hexagonal nut is smaller than the distance between the two stop pieces 4. The cross section of the stop piece 4 is a right triangle, and the length of a right-angle side, which is jointed with the lower end surface of the shell 7, of the right triangle is 4-8 mm. According to the length range of the longitudinal section of the shell 7 of 38-42 mm and the height range of 24-28 mm, the length of the right-angle side of the right-angle triangle of the cross section of the stop piece 4, which is jointed with the lower end face of the shell 7, is not too large, preferably 4-8 mm.

Optionally, the longitudinal section of the wedge 3 is trapezoidal. Furthermore, the length of the upper side of the trapezoid is 14-16 mm, the length of the lower side of the trapezoid is 28-32 mm, and the height of the trapezoid is 18-22 mm. Furthermore, the distance between the damping block 1 and the side wall of the shell 7 is at least 5mm. The damping mass 1 is also called an absorption mass, and functions to reduce the mechanical quality coefficient of the piezoelectric wafer 2 and absorb acoustic energy. The space between the damping block 1 and the shell 7 is filled with sufficient sound-absorbing material 6 to ensure that the noise can be absorbed to the maximum extent.

Optionally, the lower end of the piezoelectric wafer 2 is at least 3mm away from the lower end face of the housing 7.

The above embodiment can ensure that all ultrasonic waves emitted by the piezoelectric wafer 2 pass through the inclined plane of the wedge 3 without omission, enter the nut to be tested at a specific angle, and detect the internal and external defects of the nut.

Example 1: in a specific detection process, the internal surface defects of the hexagonal nut are detected by using primary transverse waves. As shown in fig. 3, when the angle probe detects cracks on the inner wall of the nut, the hexagonal nut moves to the right side until the right stopper hits the detection surface of the nut and is fixed to the right side of the probe by the right stopper 4, and the position of the probe is the preferred position for detecting cracks on the inner wall because the primary transverse wave main sound beam converted from the wave pattern reaches the inner wall of the probe, and if there is a crack on the inner surface, the primary transverse wave is reflected and received by the piezoelectric wafer 2, and is displayed on the display screen connected to the angle probe.

Example 2: and detecting the outer surface defects of the hexagonal nut by using secondary transverse waves. As shown in figure 4, when the inclined probe detects the outer wall crack, the probe moves leftwards until the left stopper 4 touches the detection surface and is fixed on the left side of the probe by the left stopper 4, at the moment, the position of the probe is the preferred position for detecting the outer wall crack, because the primary transverse wave touches the inner wall of the nut at the moment, the interface can be reflected again into the secondary transverse wave, the primary sound beam of the secondary transverse wave reaches the outer surface of the nut, if the outer surface has the crack, the secondary transverse wave can be reflected and returns along the original path, and then is received by the piezoelectric wafer 2, and then is displayed on the display screen connected with the inclined probe.

According to the two embodiments, the nut is rotated, and the defects of the six outer side walls and the six inner side walls of the hexagonal nut are detected in sequence, so that the defects of the hexagonal nut can be completely detected quickly.

The above embodiments are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. All belong to the technical scheme under the thinking of the utility model discloses a protection scope. It should be noted that modifications and embellishments within the scope of the present disclosure may be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the principles of the present disclosure.

Claims

1. An oblique probe for detecting a nut, which comprises a cuboid-shaped shell (7), an oblique wedge block (3) positioned in the shell (7), a piezoelectric wafer (2), a damping block (1) and a sound absorption material (6) filled in the shell (7), wherein the damping block (1) is positioned on the piezoelectric wafer (2), the piezoelectric wafer (2) is in contact with an inclined surface of the oblique wedge block (3) and is connected with an electric lead (5), and the oblique probe is characterized in that: still including being mirror symmetry, set up two retainer (4) on terminal surface left and right side under the casing, two the cross section of retainer (4) is right angled triangle, just right angled triangle's a right-angle side with terminal surface laminating, another right-angle side under casing (7) with casing (7) left end face or right-hand member face parallel and level.

2. The angle probe for inspecting nuts as set forth in claim 1, wherein: the inclined plane of the inclined wedge block (3) which is contacted with the piezoelectric wafer (2) forms an included angle of 25-35 degrees with the lower end surface of the shell (7).

3. The angle probe for inspecting nuts of claim 1, wherein: the hypotenuse of the cross-section triangle of the stop piece (4) forms an included angle of 60 degrees with the lower end face of the shell (7).

4. The angle probe for inspecting nuts of claim 3, wherein: the cross section of the stop piece (4) is a right triangle, and the length of a right-angle side, which is attached to the lower end face of the shell (7), of the right triangle is 4-8 mm.

5. The angle probe for inspecting nuts as set forth in claim 1, wherein: the longitudinal section of the wedge block (3) is trapezoidal.

6. The angle probe for inspecting nuts of claim 5, wherein: the length of the upper side of the trapezoid is 14-16 mm, the length of the lower side of the trapezoid is 28-32 mm, and the height of the trapezoid is 18-22 mm.

7. The angle probe for inspecting nuts of claim 5, wherein: the inclined wedge block (3) is at least 5mm away from the side wall of the shell (7).

8. The angle probe for inspecting nuts as set forth in claim 1, wherein: the lower end of the piezoelectric wafer (2) is at least 3mm away from the lower end face of the shell (7).