CN218215688U - Low-cost full-frequency-band high-precision navigation antenna - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a low-cost full-frequency-band high-precision navigation antenna, which comprises a radiation piece, a feed needle, an antenna bottom plate, a support column and a combining circuit, wherein the antenna bottom plate is a square FR4 circuit board; the support column is connected with the antenna bottom plate and the radiation sheet; the radiation sheet is a square metal sheet, the radiation sheet is arranged right above the antenna base plate, and the lower surface of the radiation sheet is spaced from the upper surface of the antenna base plate by a first preset distance; the feed pins comprise four completely symmetrical coupling feed pins, the bottoms of the coupling feed pins penetrate through the antenna bottom plate and are welded on the back surface of the antenna bottom plate, and the coupling feed pins are combined through a combining circuit; the combiner circuit adopts four-point feeding, and the difference between the feeding points is 90 degrees. The utility model discloses a square metal sheet antenna of four-point coupling feed, cylindrical feed needle coupling feed through the L type is buckled, in the full frequency channel within range of 1.1GHz-1.7GHz GNSS, it is little near 50 Europe changes, realizes the broadband and matches, can realize 40% work bandwidth the most.

Description

Low-cost full-frequency-band high-precision navigation antenna

Technical Field

The utility model relates to a navigation antenna technical field especially relates to a full frequency channel high accuracy navigation antenna of low-cost.

Background

Global satellite navigation system refers to space based radio navigation positioning system that provides users with all weather 3-dimensional coordinates and velocity and time information at any location on the earth's surface or near-earth space, the principle being that the satellite-to-user distance measurement is based on the difference between the time of transmission of the satellite signals and the time of arrival at the receiver, called pseudorange, which requires the reception of at least signals from 4 satellites in order to calculate the three-dimensional position of the user and the receiver clock bias. With the development of global integration, satellite navigation systems have applications in various fields such as aviation, automobile navigation, communication, surveying and mapping, entertainment and the like.

Currently, there are four major satellite positioning systems around the world: the Global Positioning System (GPS) in the united states, the global navigation satellite system (GLONASS) in russia, the galileo satellite positioning system in the european space agency, and the beidou navigation satellite positioning system in china.

Because the operating frequency ranges of the navigation systems are greatly different, and a plurality of navigation systems are required to be used in many cases, a navigation antenna (a circularly polarized antenna with the operating frequency range of 1.1 to 1.7GHz) supporting all civil navigation systems needs to be designed.

With the progress of technology and the development of society, the requirement on the positioning accuracy of a satellite navigation system is higher and higher, and a special high-accuracy positioning antenna is required to be used for high-accuracy navigation positioning.

The high-precision positioning antenna is required to have the advantages of stable phase precision, high positioning precision, good low elevation angle signal receiving effect and the like. In order to realize the advantages, the high-precision positioning antenna adopts a multi-feed point symmetrical design scheme, so that the coincidence of a phase center and a geometric center is realized, and the influence of the antenna on the measurement error is reduced to the minimum.

According to the requirements, a navigation antenna supporting all civil navigation systems needs to be designed, and meanwhile, the antenna is required to be high in phase precision and low in cost and can be used in occasions requiring high-precision positioning, such as CORS stations.

The current market of full-band navigation antennas usually adopts the following two design schemes:

the first design scheme adopts the design of range upon range of high frequency panel, and the high frequency board of lower floor adopts the design of four-point feed, and thickness 10mm, operating frequency is: 1.175GHz-1.279GHz. The upper high-frequency board also adopts the design of four-point feed, and thickness 6mm, the working frequency channel is: 1.559GHz-1.607GHz. The disadvantages of this design are: 1. in order to meet the bandwidth requirement, a large-thickness high-frequency plate needs to be adopted to manufacture the antenna, so that the cost is high and the weight is heavy. 2. The high frequency band and the low frequency band are separately fed, and the feed network is complex.

The second design scheme adopts a broadband cross dipole antenna to realize design and adopts two-point feed. The antenna has wide bandwidth, the working frequency band is 1.175 GHz-1.607GHz, but the low elevation axial ratio and the phase precision are poor, so that the positioning dotting precision is insufficient, and the antenna can not be used in a CORS station and other scenes with high requirements on the phase precision of the antenna.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

The embodiment of the utility model provides a technical problem who solves provides a low-cost full frequency channel high accuracy navigation antenna to support all civilian navigation, it is high to promote the phase precision simultaneously, and reduce cost can be used to the scene that requires high accuracy location such as CORS station.

In order to solve the above technical problem, an embodiment of the present invention provides a low-cost full-band high-precision navigation antenna, which includes a radiation sheet, a feed pin, an antenna bottom plate, a support pillar, and a combiner circuit, where the antenna bottom plate is a square FR4 circuit board; the support column is connected with the antenna bottom plate and the radiation sheet; the radiating sheet is a square metal sheet, the radiating sheet is arranged right above the antenna base plate, and the lower surface of the radiating sheet is spaced from the upper surface of the antenna base plate by a first preset distance; the feed pins comprise four completely symmetrical coupling feed pins, the bottoms of the coupling feed pins penetrate through the antenna bottom plate and are welded on the back surface of the antenna bottom plate, and the coupling feed pins are combined through a combining circuit; the combiner circuit adopts four-point feeding, and the difference between the feeding points is 90 degrees.

Furthermore, the coupling feed pin is the type of falling L, and the terminal second preset distance apart from the radiation piece center in top.

Furthermore, 4 support columns are symmetrically arranged, the distance between each support column and the center of the radiation sheet is a third preset distance, and the tops of the 4 coupling feed pins penetrate through one support column in a one-to-one correspondence manner; and the upper surface of the coupling feed pin is away from the lower surface of the radiation piece by a fourth preset distance, and the coupling feed pin feeds power to the radiation piece through coupling.

Further, the coupling feed pin is made of a coupling feed sheet or a cylindrical metal wire, and is plated with tin on the surface.

Furthermore, the combiner circuit adopts a four-in-one Wilkinson power division microstrip circuit with 90-degree difference between adjacent feed points or 3 90-degree broadband patch bridge components to realize the right-hand circular polarization function.

The utility model has the advantages that:

1. compared with the first design scheme adopting the laminated high-frequency plates, the utility model adopts the air as the medium, adopts the coupling scheme to increase the bandwidth, the working bandwidth can reach 40 percent, meets the bandwidth requirement of the civil navigation full frequency band, does not need to adopt the high-frequency plates with large thickness, and has low cost and light weight; the high frequency band and the low frequency band do not need to be fed separately, and the feed network is simple.

2. The utility model discloses compare with the second kind and adopt broadband cross dipole antenna's design, low elevation angle axial ratio and phase accuracy are good, and the precision that the location was got ready satisfies the requirement, is applicable to the scene that requires antenna phase accuracy height such as CORS station.

3. The utility model discloses an antenna gain is high, and it is fast to search for the star.

4. The utility model discloses an antenna adopts the metal sheet of four-point coupling feed to realize: the radiating sheet is made of a square thin metal sheet and does not need to be plated with tin; the antenna bottom plate is made of a common square FR4 circuit board, the feed pin is made of an L-shaped bent cylindrical metal wire, and the antenna is simple in structure and low in cost.

5. The utility model discloses an antenna has used the coupling feed needle that the L type of four symmetries was buckled, and four coupling feed needles pass the bottom plate welding at the bottom plate back, and four are presented some and close through closing the circuit. The combiner circuit adopts four-point feed, the difference between all feed points is 90 degrees, and 3 90-degree broadband patch bridge components are used to realize the right-hand circular polarization function.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a three-dimensional structure diagram of a low-cost full-band high-precision navigation antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a top view of the low-cost full-band high-precision navigation antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a side view of a low-cost full-band high-precision navigation antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a combiner circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 5 is a VSWR graph of an embodiment of the invention.

Fig. 6 is an L1 frequency band directional diagram according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 7 is an L5 frequency band directional diagram according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 8 is an axial ratio diagram of the embodiment of the present invention.

Description of the reference numerals

Radiation piece 1, feed needle 2, antenna bottom plate 3, support column 4.

Detailed Description

It should be noted that, in the present application, the embodiments and features of the embodiments may be combined with each other without conflict, and the present invention is further described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

In the embodiment of the present invention, if there is a directional indication (such as up, down, left, right, front, back \8230;) only used to explain the relative position relationship between the components, the motion situation, etc. in a specific posture (as shown in the drawing), if the specific posture is changed, the directional indication is changed accordingly.

Furthermore, the descriptions of the first, second, etc. in this application are for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying any relative importance or to imply that the number of technical features indicated is essential. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature.

Referring to fig. 1 to 8, a low-cost full-band high-precision navigation antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a radiation plate, a feed pin, an antenna bottom plate, a support pillar, and a combiner circuit.

The antenna bottom plate is a square FR4 circuit board; the support column is connected with the antenna bottom plate and the radiation sheet; the radiating sheet is a square metal sheet, the radiating sheet is arranged right above the antenna base plate, and the lower surface of the radiating sheet is spaced from the upper surface of the antenna base plate by a first preset distance; the feed pins comprise four completely symmetrical coupling feed pins, the bottoms of the coupling feed pins penetrate through the antenna bottom plate and are welded on the back surface of the antenna bottom plate, and the coupling feed pins are combined through a combining circuit; the combiner circuit adopts four-point feeding, and the difference between the feeding points is 90 DEG

Example 1: the antenna substrate is a 110mm 0.8mm square FR4 circuit board. The radiation piece is a metal sheet with a diameter of 84mm x 0.5mm in a square shape, and the distance between the lower surface of the radiation piece and the upper surface of the antenna base plate is 22mm (a first preset distance). The coupling feed needle is made of an L-shaped bent cylindrical metal wire, the surface of the coupling feed needle is plated with tin, the diameter of the coupling feed needle is 3.4mm, the bending length of one end of the metal wire is 38.6mm, the distance between the bending length and the center of the antenna is 13.4mm (second preset distance), the distance between the upper surface of the feed needle and the lower surface of the radiation piece is 5mm (fourth preset distance), and the feed needle feeds power to the radiation piece through coupling; the other end of the metal wire is bent for 21mm, and penetrates through the antenna bottom plate for welding feeding. The feed pins are four completely symmetrical coupling feed pins, penetrate through the bottom plate and are welded on the back face of the bottom plate, and the four feed points are combined through the combining circuit.

The combiner circuit adopts four-point feed, the difference between all feed points is 90 degrees, and 3 90-degree broadband patch bridge components are used to realize the right-hand circular polarization function (the schematic diagram of the patch bridge is shown in figure 4); the support column is a single-pass hexagonal nylon support column, the diameter of the support column is 6mm, the height of the support column is 22mm +3mm threads, 4 symmetric support columns are symmetrically arranged, the distance between the support column and the center of the antenna is 20mm (the third preset distance), the threaded end of the support column penetrates through the radiation piece and is fixed through a nylon nut, and the other end of the support column is fixed on the antenna base plate through a nylon screw. And drilling a hole with the diameter of 3.7mm at the position with the height of 15.5mm on the supporting column, and fixing the position of the feeding needle by the tail end of the coupling feeding needle penetrating through the hole of the supporting column.

As an embodiment, the L-bent cylindrical wire used for the coupling feed pin may be replaced by an L-bent coupling feed tab.

As an embodiment, the three 90-phase-difference wideband patch bridges may be replaced by a four-in-one wilkinson power-division microstrip circuit whose adjacent feeding points differ by 90 °.

The utility model discloses a square metal sheet antenna of four-point coupling feed, cylindrical feed needle coupling feed through L type buckle, in the full frequency channel within range of 1.1GHz-1.7GHz GNSS, it is little to change near 50 europe, realizes the broadband and matches, can realize 40% work bandwidth the most.

Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims (5)

1. A low-cost full-frequency band high-precision navigation antenna comprises a radiation sheet, a feed pin, an antenna bottom plate, a support column and a combiner circuit, and is characterized in that the antenna bottom plate is a square FR4 circuit board; the support column is connected with the antenna bottom plate and the radiation sheet; the radiating sheet is a square metal sheet, the radiating sheet is arranged right above the antenna base plate, and the lower surface of the radiating sheet is spaced from the upper surface of the antenna base plate by a first preset distance; the feed pins comprise four completely symmetrical coupling feed pins, the bottoms of the coupling feed pins penetrate through the antenna bottom plate and are welded on the back surface of the antenna bottom plate, and the coupling feed pins are combined through a combining circuit; the combiner circuit adopts four-point feeding, and the difference between the feeding points is 90 degrees.

2. The low-cost, full-band, high-accuracy navigator antenna as defined in claim 1, wherein said coupling feed pin is of inverted L-shape, and the top end thereof is a second predetermined distance from the center of said radiation sheet.

3. The low-cost full-band high-precision navigation antenna of claim 2, wherein the number of the support columns is 4, the support columns are symmetrically arranged, the support columns are spaced from the center of the radiation sheet by a third preset distance, and the tops of the 4 coupling feed pins correspondingly penetrate through one support column; and the upper surface of the coupling feed pin is away from the lower surface of the radiation piece by a fourth preset distance, and the coupling feed pin feeds power to the radiation piece through coupling.

4. The low-cost, full-band, high-accuracy navigator antenna as defined in claim 2, wherein said coupling feed pin is made of a coupling feed sheet or a cylindrical metal wire and is surface-plated with tin.

5. The low-cost full-band high-precision navigation antenna according to claim 1, wherein the combiner circuit adopts a four-in-one Wilkinson power-dividing microstrip circuit with 90-degree difference between adjacent feeding points or 3 90-degree broadband patch bridge components to realize the right-hand circular polarization function.

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