CN101789538A - Multifrequency patch antenna device - Google Patents
Multifrequency patch antenna device Download PDFInfo
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- CN101789538A CN101789538A CN200910105189A CN200910105189A CN101789538A CN 101789538 A CN101789538 A CN 101789538A CN 200910105189 A CN200910105189 A CN 200910105189A CN 200910105189 A CN200910105189 A CN 200910105189A CN 101789538 A CN101789538 A CN 101789538A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q9/00—Electrically-short antennas having dimensions not more than twice the operating wavelength and consisting of conductive active radiating elements
- H01Q9/04—Resonant antennas
- H01Q9/0407—Substantially flat resonant element parallel to ground plane, e.g. patch antenna
- H01Q9/0414—Substantially flat resonant element parallel to ground plane, e.g. patch antenna in a stacked or folded configuration
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Abstract
The invention relates to a multifrequency patch antenna device, comprising a patch antenna, a printed circuit board (PCB), a shielding case and a low-noise amplifying circuit, wherein the patch antenna further consists of a patch antenna, a multi-frequency band feed network, a multi-frequency band feed probe and at least four feedback points; the at least four feedback points form at least two groups of feed points; one end of each of the at least two feed points is connected with the patch antenna, and the other end thereof respectively passes through the PCB via the multi-frequency band feed probe to be connected with the multi-frequency band feed network; and a shielding case is connected with the PCB. The invention improves the stability of antenna phase center, lowers axial ratio, and enables the matching to be much simpler and the antenna to become more compact. The device in the invention can receive multipath carrier at the same time, thus eliminating interference on an ionized layer and improving measurement precision.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the communication antenna field, relate in particular to the multifrequency patch antenna device of measuring in the antenna.
Background technology
Along with the continuous development of satellite navigation and measuring technique, global position system has also obtained increasingly extensive application.At present, the existing a plurality of countries in the whole world have set up the global position system of oneself, as dipper system, GPS of USA system, Muscovite GLONASS system and the European GALILEO system of China.Along with the in-depth of the continuous maturation and the civil nature process of these satellite systems, measure antenna as the high-performance receiving equipment of one of global position system key technology, become a hot spot technology that receives much attention.
In addition, the development of mobile communcations system has also brought the change of antenna technology, in the third generation mobile system, no matter is the CDMA2000 system, or TDS-CDMA or WCDMA system, and communication antenna often all becomes one of key element of technical development.
No matter be global position system, or mobile communication system, the quality of measuring antenna performance all directly influences the positioning accuracy of receiving equipment, and then influences the whole system operation ability, positioning accuracy is high more, and satisfiable service application scope is wide more, business support ability is strong more.At present, for high-end position application, its required precision has reached the millimeter level, and for positioning accuracy request at millimetre-sized high-acruracy survey antenna, single frequency band can not meet the demands, as GPS high accuracy reception antenna, must receive its L2 carrier wave when receiving the L1 carrier wave, and then eliminate ionospheric interference, in the hope of improving precision.Under such trend, for guaranteeing the more stable work of receiver, the receiver that can receive a plurality of satellite systems or communication system has simultaneously become the main direction of receiving system research, and communication and measurement antenna need to satisfy higher requirement naturally as the critical component of receiver.
Chinese patent CN101136503A discloses a kind of annular satellite navigation aerial that improves low elevation gain and preparation method thereof, by removing contract in substrate intermediate medium technology, the floor technology, short circuit technology, reduced the influence of higher mode, low elevation gain and frequency bandwidth have been improved, can work in the 1.559GH/1.561GHz/1.575GHz frequency band, and be applicable to the navigation terminal of three satellite navigation systems of GPS/GALLEO/BD2.But the described technology of this patent just is applied in the navigation terminal or the portable terminal in location, and its positioning accuracy is relatively poor, does not satisfy the requirement to antenna precision of high-end navigation system and communication system.
The general circular polarization modes that adopt of the carrier wave of high accuracy global position system and high-end mobile communication system, corresponding multifrequency antenna generally also all adopts helical antenna, slot antenna or paster antenna to satisfy the demand that receives circularly polarized signal more.Helical antenna has circular polarization performance and broadband properties preferably, but spatial volume is bigger, not only be difficult for built-in, and be difficult to and carrier conformal.Slot antenna is difficult for realizing feeding classification, and is difficult to find suitable phase center owing to the discontinuity of conductive surface.Comparatively speaking, paster antenna has advantages such as complanation, simple in structure, easy feed, the little and easy design processing that takes up room, and is widely used in recent years in all kinds of high-end wireless communication terminals.
If but adopting conventional patch antenna design mode, the impedance bandwidth of plate aerial and circular polarization bandwidth are all narrower, and low elevation gain also is difficult to satisfy the requirement of satellite navigation receiver.Common single feed point perturbation mode designs circular polarized antenna and if adopt at present, though can guarantee gain characteristic, but because the intrinsic limitation of processing technology, be difficult to guarantee the consistency of axial ratio, the more important thing is that this scheme can not guarantee overlapping of antenna phase center and geometric center, this technology is if use at common navigation antenna, too much influence can be do not produced to navigation, and, then certainty of measurement can be badly influenced if be used in high-precision fields of measurement.
Summary of the invention
Main purpose of the present invention provides a kind of high accuracy, high stability, high-gain multifrequency patch antenna device, and the precision that prior art exists is low in the hope of overcoming, poor stability and the not enough shortcoming of gain.
A kind of multifrequency patch antenna device of the present invention's structure, comprise paster antenna, pcb board, radome and low noise amplifier circuit, described patch antenna device further comprises paster antenna, multiband feeding network, multiband feed probes and at least four feedback points, these at least four feedback points constitute at least two group distributing points, this at least two groups distributing point one end is connected with described paster antenna, and the other end passes described pcb board respectively by described multiband feed probes and is connected with described multiband feeding network; Described radome is connected with described pcb board.
Described multiband feeding network is the first frequency range feeding network and the second frequency range feeding network; Described multiband feed probes is the first frequency range feed probes and the second frequency range feed probes.
The described distributing point of respectively organizing distributes around described multifrequency patch antenna device central axis 90 degree respectively.From the signal of first frequency range feeding network output successively through the first frequency range first order filter, the first frequency range low noise amplifier, the first frequency range second level filter reaches then and closes the road network network.Similarly, the signal of second frequency range feeding network output is successively through the second frequency range first order filter, the second frequency range low noise amplifier, the second frequency range second level filter, after the signal that comes with first frequency range in closing the road network network merges, after amplifying, exports again by the road low noise amplifier through multistage closing.
The described first frequency range feeding network and the second frequency range feeding network all comprise microstrip line and at least one electric bridge, and the coupling port of electric bridge connects matched load respectively.
Described low noise amplifier circuit is that multi-stage low noise amplifier and filter circuit are formed, and described filter circuit is pre-filtering, and filter is positioned at before the described low noise amplifier.The multi-stage low noise amplifier closes the mode that amplify on the road after amplifying along separate routes earlier, wherein close the road part and realize by closing the road network network.
Described paster antenna is the stacked patch antenna structure, comprises the above little band dielectric antenna of a slice, and the last radiating surface of described little band dielectric antenna is a circular configuration; The following radiating surface of described little band dielectric antenna is a circular configuration.
Described little band dielectric antenna comprises that further high frequency substrate and the described high frequency substrate of several pasters have first surface, second surface and a plurality of via hole; The first frequency range feed probes and the second frequency range feed probes are passed from via hole respectively; Described paster lays respectively at the first surface and the second surface of described high frequency substrate, and the patch size of second surface is not less than the patch size of first surface, and described paster is a circular configuration.
Described pcb board comprises bottom and top layer two parts, and described bottom is used for doing reflecting plate usefulness, all ties up copper, only reserves the feed via hole; Described top layer is used for putting all kinds of circuit and structures such as the first frequency range feeding network, the second frequency range feeding network and low noise amplifier circuit.
Described radome is made up of a metallic cavity at least, and it directly is connected with the grounded part of pcb board.
In terms of existing technologies, the present invention has remarkable advantages: at first, the present invention has adopted many feedback point technology, and this design is when improving bandwidth, also improve the stability of antenna phase center, made the certainty of measurement of antenna assembly further improve; Secondly, a plurality of feeding network structures of the present invention have been determined two antenna polarization modes, have reduced axial ratio, make coupling become simpler simultaneously, make antenna become compact more; Once more, effective application of multiple-layered patches makes device of the present invention can receive multichannel carrier simultaneously, and then eliminates ionospheric interference, improves certainty of measurement.
In addition, in terms of existing technologies, device of the present invention has increased unique low noise amplifier circuit and radome below paster antenna, has improved the anti-jamming capacity of antenna, makes the antenna more stable work, and certainty of measurement is further guaranteed; And in low noise amplifier circuit,, reduced power consumption by closing the appropriate design of road network network, dwindled size; Conventional method generally adopts metallic plate to do reflecting surface, and the present invention utilizes pcb board to do reflecting surface, and processing is simple, is convenient to production and assembly, also saves cost simultaneously.
Device of the present invention not only has very remarkable advantages compared to prior art on performance, and device handling ease of the present invention, and assembling is simple, and high conformity is fit to produce the industrial value height in batches.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the vertical view of multifrequency patch antenna device of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the cutaway view of multifrequency patch antenna device of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the bottom view of multifrequency patch antenna device of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is the first frequency range feeding network schematic diagram of multifrequency patch antenna device of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is the second frequency range feeding network schematic diagram of multifrequency patch antenna device of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is the low noise amplifier circuit schematic diagram of multifrequency patch antenna device of the present invention.
Fig. 7 is the feed probes distribution schematic diagram of multifrequency patch antenna device of the present invention.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and embodiment device of the present invention is described in further detail.
Multifrequency patch antenna device of the present invention has a very wide range of applications in global position system and mobile communication system, especially relate to have high accuracy, high-end field that the zero phase center requires, very important value is arranged especially.Device of the present invention comprising on the equipment such as GPS receiver antenna, GPS+GLONASS reception antenna and antenna for base station, can its performance advantage of very effective performance.
Fig. 1 is a specific embodiments structure chart of multifrequency patch antenna device of the present invention to Fig. 7.
As depicted in figs. 1 and 2, described multifrequency patch antenna device comprises upper strata paster 1, quadruplet lock-screw 3, upper strata high frequency substrate 5, second layer paster 8, the 3rd laminating sheet 9, lower floor's high frequency substrate 4, lower floor's paster 10, pcb board 6, four pieces first frequency range feed probes 2, the four second frequency range feed probes 7, radome 11, the first frequency range feeding network (as Fig. 4), the second frequency range feeding network (as Fig. 5) and low noise amplifier circuits (as Fig. 6).Described upper strata high frequency substrate 5 all has first and second surface with lower floor's high frequency substrate 4, and wherein, first surface is the radiating element main body.Described upper strata paster 1 and second layer paster 8 lay respectively at first and second surface of upper strata high frequency substrate 5, and lower floor's paster 10 and the 3rd laminating sheet 9 lay respectively at the second surface and the first surface of lower floor's high frequency substrate 4.Described pcb board divides top layer and bottom, and bottom closely contacts with described lower floor paster 10, and top layer is placed the described first frequency range feeding network, second frequency range feeding network and the low noise amplifier circuit, and described radome 11 also directly welds with the top layer grounded part.One end of described four first frequency range feed probes 2 is the center with the center of circle of described upper strata paster 1, being distributed on the described upper strata paster 1 symmetrically, and directly weld with described upper strata paster 1, the other end passes the via hole of described upper strata high frequency substrate 5, second layer paster 8, the 3rd laminating sheet 9, lower floor's high frequency substrate 4, lower floor's paster 10, pcb board 6 respectively, at last with the described first frequency range feeding network in the input port 18 of the input port 16 of electric bridge A22 and electric bridge B17 directly link to each other (as Fig. 4).One end of same described four second frequency range feed probes 7 is the center with the center of circle of described the 3rd laminating sheet 9, being distributed on described the 3rd laminating sheet 9 symmetrically, and directly weld with the 3rd laminating sheet 9.The other end passes the via hole of described lower floor high frequency substrate 4, lower floor's paster 10, pcb board 6 respectively, at last with the described second frequency range feeding network in the input port 33 of the input port 32 of electric bridge D30 and electric bridge E34 directly link to each other (as Fig. 5).
As Fig. 4, the first frequency range feeding network comprises electric bridge A22, electric bridge B17, electric bridge C12 and short microstrip line 14 and long microstrip line 15, described four first frequency range feed probes 2 are imported from the input port 16 of electric bridge A22 and the input port 18 of electric bridge B17 respectively, signal difference spreading microstrip line 15 and short microstrip line 14 from electric bridge B17 and electric bridge A22 output, long microstrip line 15 is than short microstrip line 14 long quarter-waves (with respect to first frequency range), link to each other with two input ports 23 of electric bridge C12 respectively then, by 13 outputs of electric bridge C12 output port, electric bridge A22 mates port 20 at last, electric bridge B17 mates port 19, electric bridge C12 coupling port 21 connects matched load respectively.Not only make antenna realize right-handed circular polarization easily by the first frequency range feeding network, and feed is oversimplified in first frequency range, and simple in structure.Same reason as shown in Figure 5, by the second frequency range feeding network, makes antenna realize right-handed circular polarization in second frequency range.
As shown in Figure 6, low noise amplifier circuit comprises the first frequency range first order filter 36, the first frequency range low noise amplifier 37, the first frequency range second level filter 38, the second frequency range first order filter 42, the second frequency range low noise amplifier 43, the second frequency range second level filter 44, closes road network network 39, the first order is closed road low noise amplifier 40, the second level is closed road low noise amplifier 41 (choice of this low noise amplifier is decided according to the requirement of multiplication factor), closed road output port 45.By closing road matching network 19, reduced the number of low noise amplifier, reduced power consumption.By the signal of first frequency range of electric bridge C12 output port 13 output successively through the first frequency range first order filter 36, the first frequency range low noise amplifier 37, the first frequency range second level filter 38, reach and close road network network 39 then.Similarly, the signal of second frequency range feeding network output is successively through the second frequency range first order filter 42, the second frequency range low noise amplifier 43, the second frequency range second level filter 44, after the signal that comes with first frequency range in closing road network network 39 merged, the process first order was closed road low noise amplifier 40, export from closing road output port 45 after closing 41 amplifications of road low noise amplifier the second level again.All kinds of filter recited above is band pass filter.
The whole flow process that connects of the present invention is: the signal of first frequency range is linked to each other by the input port 16 of electric bridge A22 in described four first frequency range feed probes 2 and the first frequency range feeding network and the input port 18 of electric bridge B17 through paster antenna, pass through two input ports 23 of described electric bridge C12 then, arrive described electric bridge C12 output port 13 again, in described low noise amplifier circuit, from the signal of described electric bridge C12 output port 13 via the described first frequency range first order band pass filter 36, the first frequency range low noise amplifier 37, reach behind the first frequency range second level band pass filter 38 and close road network network 39.In like manner, the signal of second frequency range through paster antenna by described four second frequency range feed probes 7 with after the described second frequency range feeding network links to each other, signal is by output port 25 outputs of described electric bridge F27, then successively by the second frequency range first order filter 42, the second frequency range low noise amplifier 43, the second frequency range second level filter 44, after the signal that comes with first frequency range in closing road network network 39 merged, the process first order was closed road low noise amplifier 40, export from closing road output port 45 after closing 41 amplifications of road low noise amplifier the second level again.Wherein the second level is closed road low noise amplifier 41 and can be accepted or rejected according to the actual requirement of product.
Multifrequency patch antenna device of the present invention can receive the L1/L2 carrier wave simultaneously, and then eliminate ionospheric interference owing to adopted frequency multiplexing technique, improves precision; Secondly, the mode that multifrequency patch antenna device of the present invention has adopted paster antenna to combine with band filter and multi-stage low noise amplifier, press down the loss that reduces when except that band, disturbing between antenna and the receiving equipment, improved anti-jamming capacity, and then improved certainty of measurement.When making full use of the paster antenna advantage, multifrequency patch antenna device of the present invention adopts the special construction of presenting some double-layer pasters more, further improved the precision of equipment, but also has stable phase center, and energy resonance is in a plurality of frequency ranges, can receive a plurality of carrier wave frequency ranges of a plurality of satellite systems simultaneously, realize the requirement of many stars of multifrequency technology.
In addition, multifrequency patch antenna device of the present invention adopts pcb board as reflecting plate, has simplified the antenna course of processing, has reduced cost.Merging the multichannel amplifying circuit has reduced cost, has reduced power consumption.
Claims (20)
1. multifrequency patch antenna device, comprise patch antenna device, pcb board (6), radome (11) and low noise amplifier circuit, it is characterized in that, described patch antenna device further comprises paster antenna, multiband feeding network, multiband feed probes (2,7) and at least four feedback points, these at least four feedback points constitute at least two group distributing points, this at least two groups distributing point one end is connected with described paster antenna, and the other end passes described pcb board (6) respectively by described multiband feed probes (2,7) and is connected with described multiband feeding network; Described radome (11) is connected with described pcb board (6).
2. multifrequency patch antenna device according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described multiband feeding network is the first frequency range feeding network and the second frequency range feeding network; Described multiband feed probes (2,7) is the first frequency range feed probes (2) and the second frequency range feed probes (7).
3. multifrequency patch antenna device according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that described paster antenna is the stacked patch antenna structure, comprises the above little band dielectric antenna of a slice.
4. multifrequency patch antenna device according to claim 3 is characterized in that, the last radiating surface of described little band dielectric antenna is a circular configuration.
5. multifrequency patch antenna device according to claim 3 is characterized in that, the following radiating surface of described little band dielectric antenna is a circular configuration.
6. multifrequency patch antenna device according to claim 3 is characterized in that, described little band dielectric antenna further comprises high frequency substrate and several pasters; Described high frequency substrate has first surface, second surface and a plurality of via hole; Described multiband feed probes (2,7) is passed from via hole respectively; Described paster lays respectively at the first surface and the second surface of described high frequency substrate.
7. multifrequency patch antenna device according to claim 6 is characterized in that, the patch size of described second surface is not less than the patch size of first surface.
8. multifrequency patch antenna device according to claim 3, it is characterized in that described paster antenna further comprises upper strata paster (1), upper strata high frequency substrate (5), second layer paster (8), the 3rd laminating sheet (9), lower floor's high frequency substrate (4), lower floor's paster (10); Described upper strata high frequency substrate (5) all has first and second surface with lower floor's high frequency substrate (4), described upper strata paster (1) and second layer paster (8) lay respectively at first and second surface of upper strata high frequency substrate (5), and lower floor's paster (10) and the 3rd laminating sheet (9) lay respectively at the second surface and the first surface of lower floor's high frequency substrate (4).
9. multifrequency patch antenna device according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that, the described distributing point of respectively organizing evenly distributes around described multifrequency patch antenna device central axis respectively.
10. multifrequency patch antenna device according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that described low noise amplifier circuit further comprises low noise amplifier and filter, and described filter is positioned at before the described low noise amplifier.
11. multifrequency patch antenna device according to claim 10 is characterized in that, described low noise amplifier circuit also comprise be connected with described low noise amplifier and be connected successively close road network network (39) and the multistage road low noise amplifier (40,41) that closes; Described low noise amplifier is the multi-stage low noise amplifier.
12. multifrequency patch antenna device according to claim 11 is characterized in that, the described multistage road low noise amplifier that closes is that the first order is closed road low noise amplifier (40), road low noise amplifier (41) is closed in the second level.
13. multifrequency patch antenna device according to claim 11 is characterized in that, described low noise amplifier circuit comprises the first frequency range amplifying circuit and the second frequency range amplifying circuit.
14. multifrequency patch antenna device according to claim 13 is characterized in that, the described first frequency range amplifying circuit comprises first order filter (36), the first frequency range low noise amplifier (37) and the first frequency range second level filter (38); The signal of described first frequency range feeding network output successively passes through described first order filter (36), the first frequency range low noise amplifier (37) and the first frequency range second level filter (38), arrives the described road network network (39) that closes then.
15. multifrequency patch antenna device according to claim 13 is characterized in that, the described second frequency range amplifying circuit comprises the second frequency range first order filter (42), the second frequency range low noise amplifier (43) and the second frequency range second level filter (44); Successively through the second frequency range first order filter (42), the second frequency range low noise amplifier (43) and the second frequency range second level filter (44), arrive the described road network network (39) that closes from the signal of described second frequency range feeding network output then.
16. according to claim 14 and 15 described multifrequency patch antenna devices, it is characterized in that, the signal that the described first frequency range amplifying circuit comes described close the signal that comes with the described second frequency range amplifying circuit in the road network network (39) and merge after, through described multistage close road low noise amplifier (40,41) and amplify after output again.
17. multifrequency patch antenna device according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that, the described first frequency range feeding network comprises microstrip line (14,15), electric bridge A (22), electric bridge B (17) and electric bridge C (12), the described first frequency range feed probes (2) connects the input of described electric bridge A (22) and electric bridge B (17) respectively, from the signal of described electric bridge A (22) and electric bridge B (17) output respectively through differing quarter-wave microstrip line (14,15) back arrives two input ports of described electric bridge C (12), from the output port output of described electric bridge C (12), wherein the coupling port of each electric bridge connects matched load respectively then.
18. multifrequency patch antenna device according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that, the described second frequency range feeding network comprises microstrip line (28,29), electric bridge D (30), electric bridge E (34) and electric bridge F (27), the described second frequency range feed probes (7) connects the input of described electric bridge D (30) and electric bridge E (34) respectively, from the signal of described electric bridge D (30) and electric bridge E (34) output respectively through differing quarter-wave microstrip line (28,29) back arrives two input ports of described electric bridge F (27), from the output port output of described electric bridge F (27), wherein the coupling port of each electric bridge connects matched load respectively then.
19. multifrequency patch antenna device according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that, described pcb board (6) comprises bottom and top layer two parts, described bottom is used for doing reflecting plate and uses, all tie up copper, only reserve the feed via hole, described top layer is used for putting and mounts all kinds of circuit.
20. multifrequency patch antenna device according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that, described radome (11) is made up of a metallic cavity at least, and it directly is connected with the grounded part of described pcb board (6).
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2009
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