CN218212791U - Ultrasonic phased array transducer, scanning device and detection system - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to an ultrasonic phased array transducer, scanning device and detecting system. The utility model discloses a well supersound phased array transducer adopts a plurality of small-size wafers to constitute and forms annular array, the wafer group all adopts PZT/epoxy 1-3 structure combined material, adjacent arbitrary figure's wafer can be encouraged simultaneous working, generate virtual transducer, can carry out the detection of detecting a flaw of tiny crack defect to hollow axletree, virtual transducer can produce the acoustic beam of different circumference detection directions, also can realize circumference detection acoustic beam deflection simultaneously, reach the complete covering to hollow axletree circumference position sound field through virtual transducer, can effectively detect the tiny crackle of nearly surface of hollow axletree comprehensively, prevent to lead to the emergence of hollow axletree axle cut-off accident because of the hourglass of tiny crack defect is examined, the safe and reliable operation of the hollow axletree of EMUs in the guarantee railway transportation.

Description

Ultrasonic phased array transducer, scanning device and detection system

Technical Field

The utility model belongs to the railway traffic field, concretely relates to supersound phased array transducer, sweep and look into device and detecting system.

Background

In the prior art, an axle is an important running part of a railway locomotive and plays an important role in transportation safety. Railway vehicle axles exhibit fatigue behavior due to increased loads and operating times. Axles are made of high strength steel and are designed to have a service life of 40 to 50 years, but axles may fail due to fatigue before the design service life is reached. The failure of breaking one axle can cause derailment of the whole train, and great threat is formed to public safety. The main harmful defects of the axle in the application process are outer surface fatigue cracks and internal material defect fatigue propagation, and if the defects are discovered in time, the axle is easy to break, so that serious driving accidents are caused.

At present, most of railway axle detection technologies use traditional ultrasonic technology or magnetic particle testing, and traditional multichannel ultrasonic flaw detection equipment utilizes a plurality of conventional ultrasonic transducers, adopts a spiral feeding scanning mode, rotates to detect a whole axle, realizes hollow axle detection, but because the probe group of a rotating stepping mode rotates at a high speed in a hollow axle, the probes on the probe group are easily worn, and the long-time work of a rotating motor, a conducting ring and an electric component can cause the fault rate to rise, and the regular maintenance and replacement are needed, so that the maintenance cost is increased. Meanwhile, the mechanical rotation mode of the traditional mode can cause the phenomena of poor coupling of the probe, uneven contact of the probe and the like, so that the accuracy and stability of detection are influenced, the flaw detection efficiency is low, and the quantitative error of the flaw is large. In addition, the traditional ultrasonic detection imaging system has the defects of large blind area, poor signal-to-noise ratio and the like, and is difficult to obtain good image resolution in the whole detection range and depth.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

In order to overcome the above-mentioned problem that prior art exists, the utility model provides an ultrasonic phased array transducer, scanning device and detecting system for solve the above-mentioned problem that exists among the prior art.

An ultrasonic phased array transducer comprises a cylindrical or truncated cone-shaped back lining body, a plurality of composite wafers and a matching layer,

wherein, a plurality of the composite wafers are arranged at intervals on the side surface of the back lining body, and the composite wafers form a ring array;

the positive electrode surfaces of the composite wafers are adhered to the side surface of the back lining body, and the negative electrode surfaces of the composite wafers are adhered to the matching layer;

and a positive lead is arranged between the positive face and the side face of the back lining body, and a negative lead is arranged between the negative face and the matching layer.

The above aspects and any possible implementation manners further provide an implementation manner, where the composite wafer includes a plurality of small wafers with anode faces arranged side by side and cathode faces connected to each other, and the composite wafer has a length of 10-20mm and a width of 0.1-1mm.

There is further provided in accordance with the above-described aspect and any possible implementation, an implementation in which the matching layer has a thickness of 50-150 microns.

There is further provided in accordance with the above-described aspect and any one of the possible implementations an implementation in which the composite wafer has a length of 15mm and a width of 0.65mm, and is made of PZT/epoxy material.

The above aspects and any possible implementations further provide an implementation where the cylindrical backing body has a diameter of 20-30mm.

The utility model also provides an ultrasonic phased array scanning device, which comprises a front fixing support, a rear fixing support and at least three ultrasonic phased array transducers, wherein two round platform ultrasonic phased array transducers are arranged opposite to each other and fixed by the rear fixing support; a cylindrical ultrasonic phased array transducer and the round platform ultrasonic phased array transducer are arranged at a certain distance, and are fixed by a front fixing support.

The above aspect and any possible implementation manner further provide an implementation manner, further comprising a sealing element and an oil scraping plate, which are arranged between the front fixing bracket and the cylindrical ultrasonic phased array transducer.

In the aspect and any possible implementation manner described above, an implementation manner is further provided, and isolation pads are disposed between the rear fixing support and the circular truncated cone-shaped ultrasonic phased array transducer, between the circular truncated cone-shaped ultrasonic phased array transducer and the cylindrical ultrasonic phased array transducer, and between the cylindrical ultrasonic phased array transducer and the front fixing support.

The utility model also provides a detecting system for detect the axletree of vehicle, axletree detecting system including feed module, control module and the ultrasonic phased array scan the device of looking into, wherein feed the module and connect the drive ultrasonic phased array scan the device of looking into and be in remove in the cavity of axletree, control module control feed the motion of module.

The aspect described above and any possible implementation manner further provide an implementation manner, further including a pushing rod and a screw, wherein the ultrasonic phased array scanning device is fixed on the pushing rod through the screw, and the feeding module includes a chain connected with the ultrasonic phased array scanning device.

The beneficial effects of the utility model

Compared with the prior art, the utility model discloses there is following beneficial effect:

the utility model discloses an ultrasonic phased array transducer and scanning device, wherein ultrasonic phased array transducer adopts a plurality of small-size wafer groups to form annular array, the wafer group all adopts PZT epoxy 1-3 structure combined material, the wafer of adjacent arbitrary figure can be encouraged simultaneous working, generate virtual transducer, can carry out the detection of detecting a flaw of tiny crackle defect to hollow axletree, virtual transducer can produce the acoustic beam of different circumference direction of detection, also can realize the circumference acoustic beam of detecting a flaw simultaneously and deflect, reach the complete cover to hollow axletree circumference position sound field through virtual transducer. Cylindrical ultrasonic phased array transducer can produce the straight phase sound beam array of incidence of circumference, round platform type ultrasonic phased array transducer can produce the oblique phase sound beam array of incidence of axial, through selecting the wafer of suitable number, the virtual transducer that enables the production generates many acoustic beams that circumference and the all kinds of angle of axial deflected, can high-efficiently realize the sound field of hollow axletree internal and external surface and cover entirely, can effectively detect the tiny crackle in the nearly surface of hollow axletree comprehensively, prevent to lead to the emergence of hollow axletree axle cut accident because of the hourglass of tiny crackle defect is examined, the safe and reliable operation of the hollow axletree of EMUs in the guarantee railway transportation.

Drawings

Fig. 1 (a), 1 (b) are schematic structural diagrams of an ultrasonic phased array transducer according to an embodiment of the present invention, respectively;

fig. 2 is a schematic view of an ultrasonic phased array scanning device in an embodiment of the present invention inside a hollow axle;

fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a detection system in an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 4 is the embodiment of the utility model provides an ultrasonic phased array scanning device passes inside the axletree and scans the schematic diagram.

Detailed Description

For better understanding of the technical solutions of the present invention, the present invention includes but is not limited to the following embodiments, and similar techniques and methods should be considered as being within the scope of the present invention. In order to make the technical problems, technical solutions and advantages to be solved by the present invention clearer, the following detailed description will be given with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

It should be clear that the described embodiments of the invention are only some, not all embodiments of the invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by a person of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

The terminology used in the embodiments of the invention is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. As used in the embodiments of the present invention and the appended claims, the singular forms "a," "an," and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.

As shown in fig. 1 (a) and fig. 1 (b), the whole framework of the present invention is shown, the ultrasonic phased array transducer of the present invention is a cylindrical ultrasonic phased array transducer, which is a circumferential straight incidence phased array transducer, and the right side is a circular truncated cone ultrasonic phased array transducer, which is an axial oblique incidence phased array transducer, and comprises a cylindrical or circular truncated cone backing layer 1, a plurality of composite wafers 3 and a matching layer 2, wherein the side surface of the backing body is provided with a plurality of the composite wafers arranged at intervals, and the plurality of the composite wafers form a ring array; the positive electrode surfaces of the composite wafers are adhered to the side surface of the back lining body, and the negative electrode surfaces of the composite wafers are adhered to the matching layer; and a positive lead is arranged between the surface of the positive electrode and the side surface of the back lining body, and a negative lead is arranged between the surface of the negative electrode and the matching layer. The composite wafer 3 is made of a 1-3 structure composite material of PZT/epoxy resin, in consideration of the change of radian of the composite wafer 3, the composite wafer is firstly cut into the 1-3 structure composite material wafer to obtain a plurality of small wafers with positive-level surfaces cut apart, all negative electrode surfaces are connected together and have specific geometric shapes, the small wafers only have one vibration direction, namely a thickness vibration mode, which is dominant, the welded and cut small wafers are welded on the positive-level wafer side by using an electric iron with 0.05mm of enameled wires, the composite wafer is a whole before and after being made, when the composite wafer is made, the positive-level surface of a large piezoelectric wafer is cut into a plurality of small wafers, the negative electrode surfaces are not cut apart and are connected, so that the composite wafer is not cut into a plurality of completely independent small wafers after being made, the independent small wafers are not bonded one by one, the small wafers connected with the negative electrode surfaces are obtained after being cut, namely the composite wafer is also a whole, the distance and the size of the small wafers can be well controlled during making of an integral transducer, the composite wafer can meet the making precision of high-energy, the control of the composite wafer, the sound field is matched with the sound beam, the sound field with the width of 1-10 mm, and the sound beam is matched with the sound axis, so that the sound axis is 1-20 mm. Preferably, the length of the composite wafer 3 is 15mm, the width is 0.65mm, then the positive electrode surface of the composite wafer 3 is bonded with the cylindrical or truncated cone-shaped side surface of the backing layer 1 by adopting the Aijada AV138MV998 epoxy glue, a positive electrode lead is arranged between the positive electrode surface and the side surface and is led out, after the epoxy glue is completely dried, the negative electrode surface of the composite wafer 3 is bonded with the matching layer 2, in order to ensure impedance matching, the energy of the transducer can better enter the steel, the sensitivity of a probe and the capability of finding defects are improved, the thickness of the matching layer 2 is set to be 50-150 microns, preferably 130 microns, a copper foil with the thickness of 2 microns is used for leading out a negative electrode between the negative electrode surface of the composite wafer 3 and the matching layer 2, then the copper foil is welded to form a negative electrode, in order to bond the composite wafer conveniently and meet the requirements of the bending radian of the composite wafer, the composite wafer is prevented from being cracked when the bending bonding, the diameter is selected to be 20-30mm, the utility model discloses a cylindrical or truncated cone-shaped backing block with the diameter of 28mm is cut into 4 parts, the back pad is sequentially cut according to form a longitudinal phased array which is sequentially combined with the left side and the incident wave phased array, and the direct phased array is formed by sequentially bonding method as shown in the longitudinal phase control method of the longitudinal phase array.

Preferably, as shown in fig. 2, the utility model also provides an ultrasonic phased array scanning device 19, ultrasonic phased array scanning device 19 includes front and back fixed bolster and at least three ultrasonic phased array transducer, wherein the upper bottom surface of two round platform type ultrasonic phased array transducers 8 is set up to the top, namely the lower bottom surface is set up relatively, this kind of setting up mode conveniently surveys the defect of different positions, this structure can improve the discovery ability of defect better, and adopt back fixed bolster 6 to fix; one end of another cylinder type ultrasonic phased array transducer 9 with round platform type ultrasonic phased array transducer 8 interval certain distance sets up, and the other end uses preceding fixed bolster 11 to fix, is provided with back sealing member 7 between back fixed bolster 6 and two round platform type ultrasonic phased array transducers 8, and sealing member 7 is for sealing oil, guarantees to scan to look into the device when using with the hollow shaft inner wall coupling good, reduces the deviation that the poor coupling brought the result. Two round platform types and a cylinder type ultrasonic phased array transducer are combined together to form a scanning device, the two round platform type ultrasonic phased array transducers are used as a group of transverse wave probes, the cylinder type ultrasonic phased array transducer is used as a transverse wave probe, a longitudinal wave probe is used for finding circumferential defects, the transverse wave probe is used for finding axial defects, and the scanning device formed by combining the two ultrasonic phased array transducers can comprehensively measure the defects of the hollow shaft.

Preferably, the embodiment of the utility model provides an in still include sealing washer and frizing 10, set up preceding fixed bolster 11 with between the cylinder type ultrasonic phased array transducer 9, sealing washer and frizing 10 can clear away the surface foreign matter of hollow shaft inner wall effectively when scanning device 19 and stretching into the hollow shaft, when taking out scanning device 19, can scrape the unnecessary greasy dirt in the hollow shaft, can reduce the erroneous judgement that the foreign matter brought, improve the effect of detecting a flaw.

Preferably, in the embodiment of the present invention, between the rear fixing frame 6 and the circular truncated cone-shaped ultrasonic phased array transducer 8, between the circular truncated cone-shaped ultrasonic phased array transducer 8 and the cylindrical ultrasonic phased array transducer 9, and between the cylindrical ultrasonic phased array transducer 9 and the front fixing frame 11, all there are provided with the isolation pad 22 for preventing the signal crosstalk and the interference between the isolation transducers. The left and right arrows in fig. 2 indicate that the ultrasonic phased array scanning device 19 can move left and right in the shaft hole of the hollow axle, the axle comprises a hollow axle outer diameter 12 and a hollow axle inner diameter 13, the ultrasonic phased array scanning device 19 can be moved left and right to detect the inner part of the hollow axle and the surface defects of the hollow axle, and the ultrasonic phased array transducers 8 and 9 do not need to be rotated. Ultrasonic phased array transducer 8 and 9 have good damping effect and shorter waveform duration, possess better resolving power, are favorable to hollow axletree internal defect and outside fatigue crack to detect a flaw very much to last formation of image is more clear, can let the accurate actual defect of finding out of measurement personnel better. Meanwhile, ultrasonic phased array flaw detection analysis software can automatically analyze and automatically make equivalent comparison of the sizes of the defects, and automatically judge whether the detected defects exceed the standard or not, so that field operators can better obtain effective axle damage information in a short time, the operation time of the detection process is reduced, and the detection efficiency is improved. The ultrasonic phased array scanning transducers 8 and 9 are connected with the pushing rod 4 through bolts 5, the transducers 8 and 9 are well fixed in front of the pushing rod 4, the chain 21 drives the pushing rod 4 and the ultrasonic phased array scanning device 19 to move forwards or backwards, the chain 21 is driven by a mechanical structure of the feeding mechanism, the pushing rod 4 is composed of three parts of pipes with different diameters, the pipes change from small diameter to large diameter in the detection process, a signal line is connected to the ultrasonic phased array instrument 15 in the feeding mechanism, and the electric control part 16 controls the mechanical movement of the feeding mechanism.

Preferably, as shown in fig. 3, the embodiment of the present invention further provides a detection system for detecting an axle of a vehicle, the axle detection system includes a feeding module, a control module and an ultrasonic phased array scanning device 19, wherein the feeding module is connected to drive the ultrasonic phased array scanning device 19 to move in a cavity or a hollow shaft of the axle, and the control module controls the movement of the feeding module.

Preferably, the feeding module of the embodiment of the present invention includes a chain 21, and the chain 21 connects the ultrasonic phased array scanning device 19. At present, the specification of the inner diameter of a hollow axle is 30mm to 80mm, in order to enable an ultrasonic phased array transducer to be better attached to the inner wall of the hollow axle, the situations such as poor coupling are reduced, the whole transducer is considered to be matched with the inner diameter of the hollow axle when the ultrasonic phased array transducer is designed, all the well-made components are assembled, firstly, a long screw is threaded in a screw fixing hole 14, a front fixing support 11 is fixed, then, a sealing ring and an oil scraping plate 10 are sleeved, an isolation pad 22 is sleeved, the isolation pad 22 is used for preventing the ultrasonic phased array transducer from being in contact with the front protection fixing support 11 when being installed, signal crosstalk is prevented, a cylindrical ultrasonic phased array transducer 9 is installed and fixed, then, two circular table type ultrasonic phased array transducers 8, a sealing member 7 and a rear fixing support 6 are sequentially installed and fixed, finally, a connecting bolt 5 is sleeved and locked, an ultrasonic phased array checking device 19 is formed, the ultrasonic phased array checking device 19 is connected with a propelling rod 4 through the connecting bolt 5, the ultrasonic phased array scanning device is connected with the chain 21 and drives the propelling rod to move forwards, and the propelling rod is not damaged by the whole feeding rod, and the whole feeding mechanism is formed by a small feeding rod which is driven by a small feeding rod. The signal lines, i.e. the lead-out wires of the 3 groups of transducers, are then connected to the ultrasonic phased array apparatus 15 in the feeding mechanism, and the electrical control part 16 controls the mechanical movement of the feeding mechanism. Propulsion pole 4 drives encoder 23 record cylinder type supersound phased array transducer 9 and round platform type supersound phased array transducer 8 along hollow shaft axial displacement position, for supersound phased array scanning picture provides positional information, encoder 23 passes through the spliced pole and is connected with the bracing piece, encoder 23, the spliced pole, bracing piece and propulsion pole 4 all are the part in the feed mechanism, a reach the power supply for control cylinder type supersound phased array transducer 9 and round platform type supersound phased array transducer 8, the oil feed, retrieve oil, record stroke effect. The cylindrical ultrasonic phased array transducer 9 is a longitudinal wave direct phased array transducer, and the circular table type ultrasonic phased array transducer 8 is a transverse wave oblique phased array transducer.

As shown in fig. 4, firstly, the hollow shaft is adjusted and fixed by the feeding mechanism adapter 17 of the feeding mechanism, then the pushing rod 4 is started to extend out for flaw detection, the inner diameter of the axle to be detected is matched with the diameter of the ultrasonic phased array scanning device 19 (namely the cylindrical ultrasonic phased array transducer 9 and the circular table ultrasonic phased array transducer 8), the pushing rod 4 drives the ultrasonic phased array scanning device 19 to move axially, the phased array transducers 8 and 9 simultaneously scan the axle to be detected in a full range, the coupling agent is filled between the inner wall of the hollow shaft and the phased array transducers 8 and 9 when the hollow shaft is just deeply inserted into the axle, the sealing element 7, the sealing ring and the oil scraping plate 10 enable the coupling agent to be sealed between the phased array transducers 8 and 9 and the inner hole of the axle, the oil inlet hole 22 arranged on the front protection fixing support starts to discharge oil, then flaw detection is performed step by step, and flaw detection signals obtained by measuring the phased array transducers 8 and 9 are output to an instrument outside through the oil pipe and the signal outlet 18. Sealing washer and oil scraping plate 10 strike off preceding foreign matter when ultrasonic phased array sweeps the device and stretches into the axle internal diameter, avoid the foreign matter influence to detect a flaw the effect, sealing washer and oil scraping plate 10 are with the coupling oil clean up in the hollow axle hole when pushing ram 4 pulls back in addition, and through setting up oil gallery on the ultrasonic phased array sweeps the back protection fixed bolster of looking into the device and retrieve unnecessary oil, and the filter clean reuse, it is extravagant to have reduced the couplant simultaneously, avoid remaining oil to stay in the hollow axle is downthehole, influence driving safety. The oil out operation is turned on when flaw detection is entered for better coupling with phased array transducers 8 and 9 inside the hollow axle bore. The solid hollow axle and feed mechanism adapter 17 is then secured against leakage of coupling fluid from the phased array transducers 8 and 9, depending on the inner diameter of the hollow axle to be probed. The feed mechanism adapter 17 is used for positioning, guiding and sealing, and meanwhile, when the push rod 4 extends into the axle opening, the push rod 4 can smoothly enter. Before the on-site hollow axle flaw detection, corresponding flaw detection parameters need to be set on the corresponding contrast sample hollow axle flaw, and then the actual motor train unit hollow axle can be subjected to flaw detection.

The utility model discloses in be used for EMUs hollow axle to detect a flaw phased array transducer, sweep and look into device and detecting system, propulsion pole 4 stretches out in the feed mechanism, and above-mentioned integrated supersound phased array sweeps and looks into device 19 and passes the detection in hollow axle inside, and through phased array's focusing algorithm, can satisfy near field and far field acoustic beam focus simultaneously and detect, reduce the blind area of detecting a flaw, through the virtual transducer that generates enough quantity, improve the defect and detect and positioning accuracy. The ultrasonic phased array transducer is a combined phased array, the three-component phased array is formed by two round table types arranged opposite to each other and a cylindrical ultrasonic phased array transducer, array elements formed by small vibrating wafers in composite wafers on the arrays are arranged according to a circular arc mode, ultrasonic waves emitted by the array elements are converged between the inner surface and the outer surface of the hollow axle, and the sound field energy is completely covered. If each array element is directly excited during scanning, delay processing is not carried out, and each array element can be vertically incident to the surface of the array element; if the phased array instrument excites the array elements, certain time delay processing is carried out to enable the sound waves to deflect at a specific angle; the transducer array may also electronically focus the ultrasound beam over a wide range of depths and directions. Therefore, the ultrasonic phased array transducer only needs to be close to the hollow axle and open the axle outside protective cover, and the ultrasonic phased array transducer goes deep into the hole inside the hollow axle, and axial movement is carried out inside the axle to realize full axle flaw detection, and the ultrasonic phased array transducer inside does not need circumferential direction rotation simultaneously, has improved detection speed, has reduced complementary unit for equipment structure is more simple reliable, need not to dismantle wheel and brake disc. Meanwhile, the problems of poor coupling and low detection precision caused by rotation of the traditional hollow axle flaw detector are solved, scanning dead angles and missed detection are avoided, the replacement and maintenance cost of flaw detection equipment and a probe set after application is reduced, and the hollow axle flaw detector has high use value.

The foregoing description shows and describes several preferred embodiments of the present invention, but as aforementioned, it is to be understood that the invention is not limited to the forms disclosed herein, but is not to be construed as excluding other embodiments and is capable of use in various other combinations, modifications, and environments and is capable of changes within the scope of the application as expressed herein, commensurate with the above teachings, or the skill or knowledge of the relevant art. But that modifications and variations may be effected by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, which is to be accorded the full scope of the appended claims.

Claims (10)

1. An ultrasonic phased array transducer is characterized by comprising a cylindrical back lining body or a circular truncated cone back lining body, a piezoelectric layer and a matching layer,

wherein the piezoelectric layer is disposed between the side of the backing body and the matching layer;

the piezoelectric layer comprises a plurality of composite wafers, each composite wafer comprises a plurality of small wafers with anode faces arranged in parallel and independently and cathode faces connected, and the composite wafers are arranged on the side face of the back lining body at intervals to form an annular array;

and a positive lead is arranged between the piezoelectric layer and the side surface of the back lining body, and a negative lead is arranged between the piezoelectric layer and the matching layer.

2. The ultrasonic phased array transducer of claim 1, wherein the composite wafer has a length of 10-20mm and a width of 0.1-1mm.

3. The ultrasonic phased array transducer of claim 1, wherein the matching layer has a thickness of 50-150 microns.

4. The ultrasonic phased array transducer of claim 2, wherein the composite wafer is 15mm in length and 0.65mm in width and is a PZT/epoxy material.

5. The ultrasonic phased array transducer of claim 1, wherein the cylindrical backing body has a diameter of 20-30mm.

6. An ultrasonic phased array scanning device, which is characterized by comprising a front fixing support and a rear fixing support and at least three ultrasonic phased array transducers according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein two ultrasonic phased array transducers are of a circular truncated cone type and are arranged in a butting mode and fixed by the rear fixing support; the other is a cylindrical ultrasonic phased array transducer, one end of the other is arranged at a certain distance from any one of the circular truncated cone-shaped ultrasonic phased array transducers, and the other end of the other is fixed by a front fixing support.

7. The ultrasonic phased array scanning apparatus according to claim 6, further comprising a sealing member and a scraper plate, both disposed between the front fixing bracket and the cylindrical ultrasonic phased array transducer.

8. The ultrasonic phased array scanning device according to claim 6, wherein isolation pads are arranged between the rear fixing support and the circular truncated cone-shaped ultrasonic phased array transducer, between the circular truncated cone-shaped ultrasonic phased array transducer and the cylindrical ultrasonic phased array transducer, and between the cylindrical ultrasonic phased array transducer and the front fixing support.

9. An inspection system for inspecting an axle of a vehicle, the inspection system comprising a feed module, a control module, and the ultrasonic phased array scanning apparatus of any one of claims 6-8, wherein the feed module is coupled to move the ultrasonic phased array scanning apparatus within a cavity of the axle, and the control module controls movement of the feed module.

10. The inspection system of claim 9, further comprising a pusher bar and a screw, the ultrasonic phased array scanning device being secured to the pusher bar by the screw, the feeding module comprising a chain, the chain being coupled to the ultrasonic phased array scanning device.

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