CN218160485U

CN218160485U - End plate for improving cold start capability of fuel cell stack

Info

Publication number: CN218160485U
Application number: CN202221267287.0U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 吕平; 孙昕; 李东明; 邢丹敏; 韩猛
Original assignee: Sunrise Power Co Ltd
Current assignee: Sunrise Power Co Ltd
Priority date: 2022-05-24
Filing date: 2022-05-24
Publication date: 2022-12-27
Anticipated expiration: 2032-05-24

Abstract

The utility model provides an end plate for improving the cold starting capability of a fuel cell stack, which comprises a first end plate and a second end plate; the first end plate comprises an air inlet, a hydrogen inlet, a cooling liquid inlet, an air outlet, a hydrogen outlet and a cooling liquid outlet, a cavity is arranged in the first end plate, and an air gas flow channel, a hydrogen gas flow channel and a cooling liquid flow channel I are arranged in the cavity; the inlet of the cavity is connected to the outlet of the cooling cavity of the fuel cell stack; the second end plate comprises a cooling liquid flow channel II arranged inside. The technical scheme of the utility model it is poor to have solved the current technical heating effect that promotes fuel cell low temperature startability, and corollary equipment is complicated and consume energy more technical problem.

Description

End plate for improving cold start capability of fuel cell stack

Technical Field

The utility model relates to a fuel cell technical field particularly, especially relates to an end plate that promotes fuel cell pile cold startability.

Background

Under the background of a double-carbon target, hydrogen energy is widely concerned, a fuel cell is an important component in a hydrogen energy social application scene, a fuel cell automobile is regarded as an ultimate solution for realizing zero emission of a new energy automobile, but problems still exist at the present stage to limit large-scale application of the new energy automobile, and low-temperature starting of the fuel cell is one of key factors for restricting commercialization of the fuel cell automobile. Generally, the fuel cell stack needs to complete quick start at below zero, but because the fuel cell stack has high sensitivity to the operating temperature, in the low-temperature start process, because the ambient temperature is below zero, water generated in the reaction process can be quickly frozen, and quick increase of the operating temperature of the fuel cell has important significance for low-temperature start. In addition, since the edge node generates less heat and dissipates more heat than the intermediate node, the amount of ice formed in the edge node during the low-temperature start-up process is greater, which becomes a main factor limiting the low-temperature start-up capability of the fuel cell.

The existing technology about improving the low-temperature starting capability mostly improves the effect of the temperature of the galvanic pile so as to achieve quick starting through external auxiliary heating equipment, and has the problems of incapability of fully utilizing the heat of cooling liquid, poor heating effect and the like, and usually needs external power supply equipment, and the matching equipment is complex and consumes more energy.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

According to the technical problems of poor heating effect, complex matched equipment and more energy consumption in the prior art, the end plate for improving the cold starting capacity of the fuel cell stack is provided, the heat generated by the cell can be fully utilized, the secondary utilization of heat is realized, the temperature of the cooling liquid at the inlet of the stack is quickly improved by utilizing the high-temperature cooling liquid at the cooling liquid outlet of the cell in the end plate, the cold impact of the cooling liquid on the stack is reduced, the edge single-low phenomenon in the low-temperature starting process is relieved, the low-temperature starting capacity is effectively improved, and the time for low-temperature starting of the fuel cell stack is greatly shortened.

The utility model discloses a technical means as follows:

an end plate for improving the cold start capability of a fuel cell stack comprises a first end plate and a second end plate;

the first end plate comprises an air inlet, a hydrogen inlet, a cooling liquid inlet, an air outlet, a hydrogen outlet and a cooling liquid outlet, a cavity is arranged in the first end plate, and an air gas flow channel, a hydrogen gas flow channel and a cooling liquid flow channel I are arranged in the cavity;

the inlet of the cavity is connected to the outlet of the cooling cavity of the fuel cell stack; the cavity is communicated with the cooling liquid outlet;

inlets of the air gas flow channel, the hydrogen gas flow channel and the cooling liquid flow channel I are respectively connected to the air inlet, the hydrogen inlet and the cooling liquid inlet, and outlets of the air gas flow channel, the hydrogen gas flow channel and the cooling liquid flow channel I are respectively connected to an air cavity inlet, a hydrogen cavity inlet and a cooling cavity inlet of the fuel cell stack;

the second end plate comprises a cooling liquid flow channel II arranged inside the second end plate, and an inlet and an outlet of the cooling liquid flow channel II are respectively connected to an inlet and an outlet of a cooling cavity of the fuel cell stack.

Further, the air outlet and the hydrogen outlet are connected to an air chamber outlet and a hydrogen chamber outlet of the fuel cell stack, respectively.

Further, the air gas flow channel, the hydrogen gas flow channel, the cooling liquid flow channel I and the cooling liquid flow channel II are all serpentine flow channels.

Further, the air gas flow passage includes a first end plate air pipe inlet and a first end plate air pipe outlet, the first end plate air pipe inlet is connected to the air inlet, and the first end plate air pipe outlet is connected to the air inlet of the fuel cell stack;

the hydrogen gas flow channel comprises a first end plate hydrogen pipeline inlet and a first end plate hydrogen pipeline outlet, the first end plate hydrogen pipeline inlet is connected to the hydrogen inlet, and the first end plate hydrogen pipeline outlet is connected to the hydrogen inlet of the fuel cell stack;

the cooling liquid flow channel I comprises a first end plate cooling liquid pipeline inlet and a first end plate cooling liquid pipeline outlet, the first end plate cooling liquid pipeline inlet is connected to the cooling liquid inlet, and the first end plate cooling liquid pipeline outlet is connected to a cooling cavity inlet of the fuel cell stack.

Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the advantages of it is following:

the utility model provides a promote end plate of fuel cell pile cold startability, simple, practical, effective can shorten fuel cell low temperature start-up time by a wide margin, promotes the power output of fuel cell pile low temperature start-up, effectively alleviates the single low problem in edge in the low temperature start-up process, compares with prior art, and the fuel cell end plate that the invention provided need not extra auxiliary heating unit, need not extra energy consumption, to the pile not damaged.

Based on the reason, the utility model discloses can extensively promote in the fuel cell field.

Drawings

In order to clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without inventive labor.

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of the first end plate hydrogen gas flow channel.

Fig. 2 is a schematic view of the first end plate air gas flow channel structure.

Fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of the first end plate coolant liquid flow channel i.

Fig. 4 is a sectional view of the first end plate in a direction b-b.

Fig. 5 is a cross-sectional view in the direction of c-c of the first end plate.

Fig. 6 is a schematic view of the internal structure of the second end plate.

Fig. 7 is a schematic structural view of a fuel cell including the end plate of the present invention.

In the figure: 1. a hydrogen inlet; 2. a coolant outlet; 3. an air inlet; 4. an air outlet; 5. A coolant inlet; 6. a hydrogen outlet; 7. a first endplate hydrogen conduit outlet; 8. a first endplate hydrogen conduit inlet; 9. a first endplate air conduit inlet; 10. a first endplate air conduit outlet; 11. a first end plate coolant line inlet; 12. a first end plate coolant line outlet; 13. an inlet to the cavity; 14. A second end plate coolant inlet; 15. a second end plate coolant outlet; 16. an air gas flow passage; 17. A hydrogen gas flow passage; 18. a cooling liquid flow passage I; 19. a cavity; 20. a cooling liquid flow passage II; 21. a first end plate; 22. a bipolar plate; 23. a membrane electrode; 24. a second end plate.

Detailed Description

It should be noted that, in the present invention, the embodiments and features of the embodiments may be combined with each other without conflict. The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings in conjunction with embodiments.

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. The following description of at least one exemplary embodiment is merely illustrative in nature and is in no way intended to limit the invention, its application, or uses. Based on the embodiments in the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by a person skilled in the art without creative work belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

It is noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of example embodiments in accordance with the invention. As used herein, the singular forms "a", "an" and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, and it should be understood that when the terms "comprises" and/or "comprising" are used in this specification, they specify the presence of stated features, steps, operations, devices, components, and/or combinations thereof, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.

Unless specifically stated otherwise, the relative arrangement of the components and steps, the numerical expressions, and numerical values set forth in these embodiments do not limit the scope of the present invention. Meanwhile, it should be understood that the sizes of the respective portions shown in the drawings are not drawn in an actual proportional relationship for the convenience of description. Techniques, methods, and apparatus known to those of ordinary skill in the relevant art may not be discussed in detail but are intended to be part of the specification where appropriate. Any specific values in all examples shown and discussed herein are to be construed as exemplary only and not as limiting. Thus, other examples of the exemplary embodiments may have different values. It should be noted that: like reference numbers and letters refer to like items in the following figures, and thus, once an item is defined in one figure, it need not be discussed further in subsequent figures.

In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the orientation words such as "front, back, up, down, left, right", "horizontal, vertical, horizontal" and "top, bottom", etc. are usually based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplicity of description, and in the case of not making a contrary explanation, these orientation words do not indicate and imply that the device or element in question must have a specific orientation or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention: the terms "inner and outer" refer to the inner and outer relative to the profile of the respective component itself.

For ease of description, spatially relative terms such as "over 8230 \ 8230;,"' over 8230;, \8230; upper surface "," above ", etc. may be used herein to describe the spatial relationship of one device or feature to another device or feature as shown in the figures. It will be understood that the spatially relative terms are intended to encompass different orientations of the device in use or operation in addition to the orientation depicted in the figures. For example, if a device in the figures is turned over, devices described as "above" or "on" other devices or configurations would then be oriented "below" or "under" the other devices or configurations. Thus, the exemplary terms "at 8230; \8230; 'above" may include both orientations "at 8230; \8230;' above 8230; 'at 8230;' below 8230;" above ". The device may be otherwise variously oriented (rotated 90 degrees or at other orientations) and the spatially relative descriptors used herein interpreted accordingly.

It should be noted that the terms "first", "second", and the like are used to define the components, and are only used for convenience of distinguishing the corresponding components, and the terms do not have special meanings unless otherwise stated, and therefore, the scope of the present invention should not be construed as being limited.

Example 1

As shown in fig. 1-6, the present invention provides an end plate for improving cold start capability of a fuel cell stack, comprising a first end plate 21 and a second end plate 24;

the first end plate 21 is installed on the gas end side of the fuel cell stack, and the second end plate 24 is installed on the dead end side of the fuel cell stack;

the first end plate 21 comprises an air inlet 3, a hydrogen inlet 1, a cooling liquid inlet 5, an air outlet 4, a hydrogen outlet 6 and a cooling liquid outlet 2, a cavity 19 is arranged in the first end plate 21, and an air gas flow channel 16, a hydrogen gas flow channel 17 and a cooling liquid flow channel I18 are arranged in the cavity 19;

the inlet 13 of the cavity is connected to the outlet of the cooling cavity on the side, close to the gas end, of the fuel cell stack; the cavity 19 is communicated with the cooling liquid outlet 2;

inlets of the air gas flow channel 16, the hydrogen gas flow channel 17 and the cooling liquid flow channel I18 are respectively connected to the air inlet 3, the hydrogen inlet 1 and the cooling liquid inlet 5, and outlets of the air gas flow channel, the hydrogen gas flow channel and the cooling liquid flow channel I are respectively connected to an air cavity inlet, a hydrogen cavity inlet and a cooling cavity inlet on one side close to the air end of the fuel cell stack;

the second end plate 24 comprises a cooling liquid flow channel II 20 arranged inside, and an inlet and an outlet of the cooling liquid flow channel II 20 are respectively connected to an inlet and an outlet of a cooling cavity on one side, close to the blind end, of the fuel cell stack.

Further, the air outlet 4 and the hydrogen outlet 6 are connected to an air chamber outlet and a hydrogen chamber outlet of the fuel cell stack, respectively.

Further, the air gas flow passage 16, the hydrogen gas flow passage 17, the coolant liquid flow passage i 18, and the coolant liquid flow passage ii 20 are all serpentine flow passages.

Further, the air gas flow passage 16 includes a first end plate air pipe inlet 9 and a first end plate air pipe outlet 10, the first end plate air pipe inlet 9 is connected to the air inlet 3, and the first end plate air pipe outlet 10 is connected to an air inlet of the fuel cell stack;

the hydrogen gas flow channel 17 comprises a first end plate hydrogen pipeline inlet 8 and a first end plate hydrogen pipeline outlet 7, the first end plate hydrogen pipeline inlet 8 is connected to the hydrogen inlet 1, and the first end plate hydrogen pipeline outlet 7 is connected to a hydrogen inlet of the fuel cell stack;

the cooling liquid flow channel I18 comprises a first end plate cooling liquid pipeline inlet 11 and a first end plate cooling liquid pipeline outlet 12, the first end plate cooling liquid pipeline inlet 11 is connected to the cooling liquid inlet 5, and the first end plate cooling liquid pipeline outlet 12 is connected to a cooling cavity inlet on one side, close to the gas end, of the fuel cell stack.

Further, the cooling liquid flow channel ii 20 includes a second end plate cooling liquid inlet 14 and a second end plate cooling liquid outlet 15, where the second end plate cooling liquid inlet 14 is connected to the cooling cavity inlet on the side of the fuel cell stack near the blind end, and the second end plate cooling liquid outlet 15 is connected to the cooling cavity outlet on the side of the fuel cell stack near the blind end.

As shown in fig. 7, when the end plate of the present invention is applied to a fuel cell, the first end plate 21 is installed on one side of the gas end of the fuel cell stack, the second end plate 24 is installed on one side of the dead end of the fuel cell stack, the fuel cell stack is composed of a bipolar plate 22 and a membrane electrode 23, during the low-temperature start-up process of the stack, a coolant absorbs heat generated during the stack operation, flows out from the inside of the stack and fills the cavity 19, and then can flow out from the coolant outlet 2, and hydrogen, air and coolant with lower temperature respectively flow into the hydrogen gas flow channel 17, the air gas flow channel 16 and the coolant liquid flow channel i 18 from the hydrogen inlet 1, the air inlet 3 and the coolant inlet 5 to exchange heat with the high-temperature coolant in the cavity 19 outside the flow channel, and the waste heat generated during the stack operation process is used to heat the coolant, air and hydrogen entering the stack, and coolant after heat exchange enter the stack, so as to rapidly raise the temperature of the coolant at the stack inlet, air and the overall performance of the stack; meanwhile, heated cooling liquid flows through the cooling liquid flow channel II in the second end plate 24, the heating and heat preservation effects on the edge joint can be started, the icing rate of the edge joint is reduced, and the problem of single low caused by too fast temperature loss of the edge joint is solved.

To sum up, the utility model provides an output when the end plate can improve fuel cell pile low temperature start effectively alleviates the single low problem in edge, shortens the low temperature start-up time.

Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, and not to limit it; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some or all of the technical features may be equivalently replaced; such modifications or substitutions do not depart from the scope of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. An end plate for improving the cold start capability of a fuel cell stack is characterized by comprising a first end plate and a second end plate;

2. The end plate for improving cold start-up capability of a fuel cell stack of claim 1, wherein the air outlet and the hydrogen outlet are connected to an air chamber outlet and a hydrogen chamber outlet of the fuel cell stack, respectively.

3. The end plate for improving cold start-up capability of a fuel cell stack as claimed in claim 1, wherein said air gas flow channel, said hydrogen gas flow channel, said coolant liquid flow channel i and said coolant liquid flow channel ii are serpentine flow channels.

4. The end plate for improving cold start-up capability of a fuel cell stack as claimed in claim 1, wherein said air gas flow passage comprises a first end plate air line inlet and a first end plate air line outlet, said first end plate air line inlet is connected to said air inlet, said first end plate air line outlet is connected to an air inlet of said fuel cell stack;

the first end plate cooling liquid pipeline inlet is connected to the cooling liquid inlet, and the first end plate cooling liquid pipeline outlet is connected to the cooling cavity inlet of the fuel cell stack.