CN218040769U - Power output overload protection circuit, device and system - Google Patents
Power output overload protection circuit, device and system Download PDFInfo
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- CN218040769U CN218040769U CN202220815177.7U CN202220815177U CN218040769U CN 218040769 U CN218040769 U CN 218040769U CN 202220815177 U CN202220815177 U CN 202220815177U CN 218040769 U CN218040769 U CN 218040769U
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Abstract
The embodiment of the application belongs to the technical field of power supply circuits, and relates to a power output overload protection circuit, device and system, which comprises a first voltage division module, a second voltage division module, a first switch module and a second switch module, wherein two ends of the first voltage division module are respectively connected with an internal power interface and a grounding end, and the second voltage division module is respectively connected with the first switch module, the second switch module and the internal power interface and is used for providing divided voltage for the first switch module; the first switch module is respectively connected with the second switch module, the first voltage division module and the second voltage division module and is used for starting external output when the external output port is connected with a normal load; when the external output port is accessed with an abnormal load, the external output is cut off; the second switch module is respectively connected with the first switch module, the external output port and the internal power interface and is used for correspondingly executing turn-off or turn-on according to turn-on or turn-off of the first switch module. The technical scheme that this application provided can improve power output's security.
Description
Technical Field
The present application relates to the field of power supply circuit technology, and more particularly, to a power output overload protection circuit, device and system.
Background
With the increase of the variety of electronic products, many consumer electronic products have power interfaces for external output, such as USB interfaces for external output, and can charge external electronic devices such as mobile phones, MP3 s, and MP4 s. When the power demand of the external device exceeds the range of the electronic product, or the external device is damaged, or the power interface is accidentally short-circuited to the ground, etc., the electronic product may be damaged because the external device cannot bear the output exceeding the specification. Meanwhile, the power supply is protected through the power supply output protection chip at present, and the cost is high.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The technical problem to be solved by the embodiment of the application is that an electronic product in the related art outputs a power supply port to the outside, and the electronic product works abnormally or is damaged due to heavy load or accidental short circuit.
In order to solve the above technical problem, an embodiment of the present application provides a power output overload protection circuit, which adopts the following technical scheme:
the voltage divider comprises a first voltage dividing module, a second voltage dividing module, a first switch module and a second switch module;
the two ends of the first voltage division module are respectively connected with the internal power interface and a grounding end and are used for providing divided voltage for the first switch module;
the second voltage division module is respectively connected with the first switch module, the second switch module and the internal power interface and is used for providing divided voltage for the first switch module;
the first switch module is respectively connected with the second switch module, the first voltage division module and the second voltage division module, and is used for switching off according to the divided voltage obtained from the first voltage division module and the output voltage of the external output port and starting external output when the external output port is connected to a normal load; when the external output port is connected with an abnormal load, conducting according to the divided voltage obtained from the second divided module and the power voltage of the internal power interface, and turning off the external output;
the second switch module is respectively connected with the first switch module, the external output port and the internal power interface, and is used for correspondingly executing turn-off or turn-on according to turn-on or turn-off of the first switch module.
Further, the first switch module includes a first triode, a second triode, and a diode, wherein:
the base electrode of the first triode is connected with the first voltage division module, the emitting electrode of the first triode is connected with the anode of the diode, and the collecting electrode of the first triode is connected with the second voltage division module;
the base electrode of the second triode is connected with the second voltage division module, the collector electrode of the second triode is connected with the second switch module, and the emitter electrode of the second triode is connected to the common connection point of the second switch module and the internal power interface;
and the cathode of the diode is connected with the common connection point of the second switch module and the external output port.
Further, the second switch module is an MOS transistor, a gate of the MOS transistor is connected to a collector of the second triode, and a source of the MOS transistor is connected to an emitter of the second triode and the internal power interface, respectively; and the drain electrode of the MOS tube is respectively connected with the cathode of the diode and the external output port.
Further, the first voltage dividing module comprises a first voltage dividing resistor and a second voltage dividing resistor, wherein:
one end of the first voltage-dividing resistor is connected with the internal power interface, the other end of the first voltage-dividing resistor is connected to one end of the second voltage-dividing resistor, and the other end of the second voltage-dividing resistor is connected to a ground terminal;
and the common connection point of the first voltage-dividing resistor and the second voltage-dividing resistor is connected with the base electrode of the first triode.
Further, the second voltage division module comprises a third voltage division resistor and a fourth voltage division resistor;
two ends of the third voltage dividing resistor are respectively connected to the collector of the first triode and the base of the second triode;
one end of the fourth voltage-dividing resistor is connected between the source of the MOS transistor and the internal power interface, and the other end of the fourth voltage-dividing resistor is connected between the third voltage-dividing resistor and the base of the second triode.
Furthermore, the power output overload protection circuit further comprises a first filter capacitor for filtering interference signals;
one end of the first filter capacitor is connected between a common connection point of the first divider resistor and the second divider resistor and the base electrode of the first triode, and the other end of the first filter capacitor is grounded.
Further, the power output overload protection circuit further includes a second filter capacitor, and the second filter capacitor is connected in parallel with the fourth voltage dividing resistor.
Furthermore, the power output overload protection circuit further comprises a protection resistor, one end of the protection resistor is respectively connected with the collector of the second triode and the second switch module, and the other end of the protection resistor is grounded.
In order to solve the above technical problem, an embodiment of the present application further provides a power output overload protection device, which is the power output overload protection circuit described above.
In order to solve the above technical problem, an embodiment of the present application further provides a power output overload protection system, where the system includes an external device and the power output overload protection device, and the device is connected to the external device through the external output port.
Compared with the prior art, the embodiment of the application mainly has the following beneficial effects:
the application provides a power output overload protection circuit, which comprises a first voltage division module, a second voltage division module, a first switch module and a second switch module, wherein two ends of the first voltage division module are respectively connected with an internal power interface and a grounding end and are used for providing divided voltage for the first switch module; the second voltage division module is respectively connected with the first switch module, the second switch module and the internal power interface and is used for providing divided voltage for the first switch module; the first switch module is respectively connected with the second switch module, the first voltage division module and the second voltage division module and is used for switching off and starting external output according to the divided voltage obtained from the first voltage division module and the output voltage of the external output port when the external output port is connected to a normal load; when an abnormal load is connected to the external output port, conducting according to the divided voltage obtained from the second divided module and the power voltage of the internal power interface, and turning off the external output; the second switch module is respectively connected with the first switch module, the external output port and the internal power interface and is used for correspondingly executing turn-off or turn-on according to turn-on or turn-off of the first switch module; this application is through the condition according to the access load, the switching on or the shutoff of control first switch module and second switch module, and then the control is to external output open or turn-off, can avoid because heavy load or unexpected short circuit of external output power port, leads to the problem of unusual work or damage, improves power output's security, saves the cost.
Drawings
In order to illustrate the solution of the present application more clearly, the drawings that are needed in the description of the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present application, and that other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without inventive effort.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a power output overload protection circuit according to an embodiment of the present application.
Detailed Description
Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs; the terminology used in the description of the application herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the application; the terms "including" and "having," and any variations thereof, in the description and claims of this application and the description of the above figures are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions. The terms "first," "second," and the like in the description and claims of this application or in the above-described drawings are used for distinguishing between different objects and not for describing a particular order.
Reference herein to "an embodiment" means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment can be included in at least one embodiment of the application. The appearances of the phrase in various places in the specification are not necessarily all referring to the same embodiment, nor are separate or alternative embodiments mutually exclusive of other embodiments. It is explicitly and implicitly understood by one skilled in the art that the embodiments described herein can be combined with other embodiments.
In order to make the technical solutions better understood by those skilled in the art, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
The embodiment of the present application provides a power output overload protection circuit, which includes a first voltage division module 10, a second voltage division module 20, a first switch module 30, and a second switch module 40.
Referring to fig. 1, two ends of the first voltage division module 10 are respectively connected to an internal power interface VCC and a ground terminal, and are configured to provide a divided voltage for the first switch module 30; the second voltage division module 20 is respectively connected to the first switch module 30, the second switch module 40 and the internal power interface VCC, and is configured to provide a divided voltage for the first switch module 30.
The first switch module 30 is respectively connected to the second switch module 40, the first voltage dividing module 10 and the second voltage dividing module 20, and is configured to turn off and start external output according to a divided voltage obtained from the first voltage dividing module 10 and an output voltage of the external output port SYSTEM when the external output port SYSTEM is connected to a normal load; when the external output port SYSTEM is connected to an abnormal load, the external output is turned on according to the divided voltage obtained from the second divided module 20 and the power voltage of the internal power interface VCC, and is turned off.
The second switch module 40 is respectively connected to the first switch module 30, the external output port SYSTEM, and the internal power interface VCC, and is configured to perform turn-off or turn-on correspondingly according to turn-on or turn-off of the first switch module 30.
In the present embodiment, the on or off of the external output is controlled by the cooperation of the on or off between the first switch module 30 and the second switch module 40.
In this embodiment, the first switching module 30 includes a first transistor Q101, a second transistor Q102, and a diode D100.
The base B of the first triode Q101 is connected with the first voltage division module 10, the emitter E of the first triode Q101 is connected with the anode of the diode D100, and the collector C of the first triode Q101 is connected with the second voltage division module 20; a base electrode B of the second triode Q102 is connected with the second voltage division module 20, a collector electrode C of the second triode Q102 is connected with the second switch module 40, and an emitter electrode E of the second triode Q102 is connected to a common connection point of the second switch module 40 and the internal power interface VCC; the cathode of the diode D100 is connected to the second switching block 40 and to the common connection point of the external output port SYSTEM.
In this embodiment, the second switch module 40 is an MOS transistor Q103, a gate G of the MOS transistor Q103 is connected to a collector C of the second transistor Q102, and a source S of the MOS transistor Q103 is respectively connected to an emitter E of the second transistor Q102 and the internal power interface VCC; the drain D of the MOS transistor Q103 is connected to the cathode of the diode D100 and the external output port SYSTEM, respectively.
In the present embodiment, the first voltage dividing module 10 includes a first voltage dividing resistor R100 and a second voltage dividing resistor R101.
One end of the first voltage-dividing resistor R100 is connected to the internal power interface VCC, the other end of the first voltage-dividing resistor R100 is connected to one end of the second voltage-dividing resistor R101, and the other end of the second voltage-dividing resistor R101 is connected to the ground terminal; the common connection point of the first voltage-dividing resistor R100 and the second voltage-dividing resistor R101 is connected to the base B of the first transistor Q101.
In some optional implementations, the second voltage division module 20 includes a third voltage division resistor R102 and a fourth voltage division resistor R103, where two ends of the third voltage division resistor R102 are respectively connected to the collector C of the first transistor Q101 and the base B of the second transistor Q102; one end of the fourth voltage-dividing resistor R103 is connected between the source S of the MOS transistor Q103 and the internal power interface VCC, and the other end of the fourth voltage-dividing resistor R103 is connected between the third voltage-dividing resistor R102 and the base B of the second triode Q102.
In this embodiment, the internal power interface VCC is connected to the internal power output module, which is usually 5V, and is denoted by VCC _ 5V; the external output port SYSTEM is connected with an external device, the output voltage is usually 5V and is indicated by SYSTEM _5V, and the two are isolated by a MOS tube Q103.
Based on above-mentioned power output overload protection circuit, its theory of operation is specifically as follows:
when the external output port SYSTEM is connected to a normal load, the voltage of SYSTEM _5V does not drop obviously. At this time, the base B of the first triode Q101 is in an off state due to the voltage division of the resistors R100 and R101 and the BE pole of the Q101 and the presence of the diode D100 (the forward on voltage is usually 0.7V), so that the BE pole voltage of the Q101 is smaller than the on threshold voltage (0.7V). Further, the BE electrode voltage of the second triode Q102 is smaller than the conduction threshold voltage (0.7V), and is also in a cut-off state, the gate-source (GS) voltage of the MOS transistor Q103 is larger than the conduction threshold voltage, and the MOS transistor Q103 is in a saturation conduction state, and the external output is normal, that is, when a normal load is connected, the external output is started.
When an abnormal load is connected to the external output port SYSTEM, the SYSTEM _5V voltage will drop obviously. At this time, the voltage of the base B of the first triode Q101 is equal to VCC R101/(R100 + R101), when the external output port voltage SYSTEM _5V falls below VCC R101/(R100 + R101) -1.4V, the first triode Q101 starts to BE turned on, at this time, the BE pole voltage of the second triode Q102 is divided by the resistors R103 and R102, so that the voltage of the BE pole voltage is greater than the turn-on threshold voltage (-0.7V), the second triode Q102 is in the saturated turn-on state, the CE pole voltage drop is-0.1V to-0.2v, the SG pole of the MOS tube Q103 is connected in parallel with the CE pole of the second triode Q102, so that the SG pole voltage of the MOS tube Q103 is less than the turn-on threshold voltage, and the MOS tube Q103 is in the cut-off state, and is turned off to BE output externally.
When the abnormal load is connected, the external output is cut off, the power output circuit can be protected, damage or abnormal work is avoided, and the safety of the circuit is improved.
In this embodiment, the power output overload protection circuit further includes a protection resistor R104, one end of the protection resistor R104 is connected to the collector C of the second transistor Q102 and the second switch module 40, and the other end of the protection resistor R104 is grounded.
Specifically, one end of the protection resistor R104 is connected to the collector C of the second transistor Q102 and the gate G of the MOS transistor Q103, respectively, for avoiding the short circuit damage of the transistor when the second transistor Q102 is turned on.
In this embodiment, the power output overload protection circuit further includes a first filter capacitor C100 for filtering an interference signal.
Specifically, one end of the first filter capacitor C100 is connected between the common connection point of the first voltage-dividing resistor R100 and the second voltage-dividing resistor R101 and the base B of the first transistor Q101, and the other end of the first filter capacitor C100 is grounded.
In this embodiment, the power output overload protection circuit further includes a second filter capacitor C101, and the second filter capacitor C101 is connected in parallel with the fourth voltage-dividing resistor R103. Specifically, one end of the second filter capacitor C101 is connected between the source S of the MOS transistor Q103 and the internal power interface VCC, and the other end of the second filter capacitor C101 is connected between the third voltage dividing resistor R102 and the base B of the second triode Q102.
In this embodiment, the first filter capacitor C100 and the second filter capacitor C101 are both used for filtering interference, and simultaneously, a certain suppression effect can be achieved for transient surge output.
In some optional implementation manners, the power output overload protection circuit further includes a protection resistor R105, two ends of the protection resistor R105 are respectively connected to the external output port SYSTEM and the ground terminal, in order to prevent damage caused by static electricity, a pin that is not used cannot be suspended, and is generally connected to a pull-down resistor to provide a load relief path, and meanwhile, the pin is prevented from being suspended and is subjected to external electromagnetic interference.
Based on the power output overload protection circuit, the embodiment of the application also provides a power output overload protection device, and the device comprises the power output overload protection circuit, and can be used as a power supply to charge the accessed external equipment.
Based on the above power output overload protection device, the embodiment of the present application provides a power output overload protection SYSTEM, which includes an external device and the above power output overload protection device, and the device is connected to the external device through an external output port SYSTEM to provide power for the external device.
It should be understood that the external device includes, but is not limited to, a smart phone, an electronic book reader, an MP3 player, an MP4 player, etc.
It is to be understood that the above-described embodiments are merely illustrative of some, but not restrictive, of the broad invention, and that the appended drawings illustrate preferred embodiments of the invention and do not limit the scope of the invention. This application is capable of embodiments in many different forms and is provided for the purpose of enabling a thorough understanding of the disclosure of the application. Although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be apparent to one skilled in the art that the present application may be practiced without modification or with equivalents of some of the features described in the foregoing embodiments. All equivalent structures made by using the contents of the specification and the drawings of the present application are directly or indirectly applied to other related technical fields and are within the protection scope of the present application.
Claims (10)
1. A power output overload protection circuit, comprising:
the voltage divider comprises a first voltage dividing module, a second voltage dividing module, a first switch module and a second switch module;
two ends of the first voltage division module are respectively connected with an internal power interface and a grounding terminal and are used for providing divided voltage for the first switch module;
the second voltage division module is respectively connected with the first switch module, the second switch module and the internal power interface and is used for providing divided voltage for the first switch module;
the first switch module is respectively connected with the second switch module, the first voltage division module and the second voltage division module, and is used for switching off according to the divided voltage obtained from the first voltage division module and the output voltage of the external output port and starting external output when the external output port is connected to a normal load; when the external output port is connected with an abnormal load, conducting according to the divided voltage obtained from the second divided module and the power supply voltage of the internal power supply interface, and turning off the external output;
the second switch module is respectively connected with the first switch module, the external output port and the internal power interface, and is used for correspondingly executing turn-off or turn-on according to turn-on or turn-off of the first switch module.
2. The power output overload protection circuit of claim 1, wherein the first switching module comprises a first transistor, a second transistor, and a diode, wherein:
the base electrode of the first triode is connected with the first voltage division module, the emitting electrode of the first triode is connected with the anode of the diode, and the collecting electrode of the first triode is connected with the second voltage division module;
the base electrode of the second triode is connected with the second voltage division module, the collector electrode of the second triode is connected with the second switch module, and the emitter electrode of the second triode is connected to the common connection point of the second switch module and the internal power interface;
and the cathode of the diode is connected with the common connection point of the second switch module and the external output port.
3. The power output overload protection circuit according to claim 2, wherein the second switch module is a MOS transistor, a gate of the MOS transistor is connected to a collector of the second transistor, and a source of the MOS transistor is connected to an emitter of the second transistor and the internal power interface, respectively; and the drain electrode of the MOS tube is respectively connected with the cathode of the diode and the external output port.
4. The power output overload protection circuit of claim 3, wherein the first voltage-dividing module comprises a first voltage-dividing resistor and a second voltage-dividing resistor, and wherein:
one end of the first voltage-dividing resistor is connected with the internal power interface, the other end of the first voltage-dividing resistor is connected to one end of the second voltage-dividing resistor, and the other end of the second voltage-dividing resistor is connected to a ground terminal;
and the common connection point of the first voltage-dividing resistor and the second voltage-dividing resistor is connected with the base of the first triode.
5. The power output overload protection circuit of claim 4, wherein the second voltage divider module comprises a third voltage divider resistor and a fourth voltage divider resistor;
two ends of the third voltage dividing resistor are respectively connected to the collector of the first triode and the base of the second triode;
one end of the fourth voltage-dividing resistor is connected between the source of the MOS transistor and the internal power interface, and the other end of the fourth voltage-dividing resistor is connected between the third voltage-dividing resistor and the base of the second triode.
6. The power output overload protection circuit of claim 4, further comprising a first filter capacitor configured to filter out an interference signal;
one end of the first filter capacitor is connected between a common connection point of the first divider resistor and the second divider resistor and the base electrode of the first triode, and the other end of the first filter capacitor is grounded.
7. The power output overload protection circuit of claim 5, further comprising a second filter capacitor connected in parallel with the fourth voltage divider resistor.
8. The power output overload protection circuit according to any one of claims 2 to 7, further comprising a protection resistor, wherein one end of the protection resistor is connected to the collector of the second transistor and the second switch module, and the other end of the protection resistor is grounded.
9. A power output overload protection arrangement comprising a power output overload protection circuit according to any one of claims 1 to 8.
10. A power output overload protection system comprising an external device and the power output overload protection apparatus of claim 9, the apparatus being connected to the external device through the external output port.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202220815177.7U CN218040769U (en) | 2022-04-08 | 2022-04-08 | Power output overload protection circuit, device and system |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202220815177.7U CN218040769U (en) | 2022-04-08 | 2022-04-08 | Power output overload protection circuit, device and system |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN218040769U true CN218040769U (en) | 2022-12-13 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN202220815177.7U Active CN218040769U (en) | 2022-04-08 | 2022-04-08 | Power output overload protection circuit, device and system |
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