CN218161808U - Power input protection circuit, electric device and power supply system - Google Patents
Power input protection circuit, electric device and power supply system Download PDFInfo
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- CN218161808U CN218161808U CN202220912422.6U CN202220912422U CN218161808U CN 218161808 U CN218161808 U CN 218161808U CN 202220912422 U CN202220912422 U CN 202220912422U CN 218161808 U CN218161808 U CN 218161808U
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Abstract
The embodiment of the application belongs to the field of power supply of audio and video products, and relates to a power input protection circuit, a power utilization device and a power supply system, which comprise an overvoltage protection module, an undervoltage protection module, a voltage division module and a switch module, wherein the overvoltage protection module is respectively connected with a power input port and the undervoltage protection module, is connected with the switch module through the undervoltage protection module, and is used for controlling the switch module to be turned off when the voltage input by the power input port is larger than a first preset voltage value; the undervoltage protection module is respectively connected with the power input port and the switch module and is used for controlling the switch module to be switched off when the voltage input by the power input port is smaller than a second preset voltage value; the voltage division module is used for providing divided voltage for the switch module; the switch module is respectively connected with the power input port and the internal power interface and is used for switching on or switching off according to the voltage input by the power input port. The technical scheme that this application provided can carry out overvoltage under-voltage protection.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of power supply of audio and video products, in particular to a power input protection circuit, a power utilization device and a power supply system.
Background
Many audio and video products, for example bluetooth speaker, WIFI audio amplifier, soundBar stereo set etc. all have external adapter, supply power to the complete machine through the adapter, satisfy the demand to the power when product standby and normal broadcast. Because the DC-IN interfaces of the adapters with different voltages have similar shapes, the adapters can be connected with a host with a single model, and hidden troubles are left for normal use of users. When a user connects the high-voltage adapter to the low-voltage electronic product, the electronic product cannot be born and is damaged. Some special overvoltage and surge protection chips have high precision and quick response, but are relatively expensive and are not suitable for products with strict requirements on cost.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The technical problem to be solved by the embodiment of the application is that an electronic product is damaged or works abnormally due to an adapter which is not adaptive to access in the related art.
In order to solve the above technical problem, an embodiment of the present application provides a power input protection circuit, which adopts the following technical solutions:
the overvoltage protection module, the undervoltage protection module, the voltage division module and the switch module;
the overvoltage protection module is respectively connected with the power input port and the undervoltage protection module, is connected with the switch module through the undervoltage protection module, and is used for controlling the switch module to be switched off when receiving that the voltage input by the power input port is greater than a first preset voltage value;
the undervoltage protection module is respectively connected with the power input port and the switch module and is used for controlling the switch module to be switched off when the voltage input by the power input port is smaller than a second preset voltage value;
one end of the voltage division module is connected with the power supply input port, and the other end of the voltage division module is connected to a common connection point of the under-voltage protection module and the switch module and used for providing divided voltage for the switch module;
the switch module is respectively connected with the power input port and the internal power interface and used for switching on or switching off according to the voltage input by the power input port.
Further, the undervoltage protection module includes a first reverse diode, a first resistor and a first triode, wherein:
the cathode of the first backward diode is connected with the power supply input port, and the anode of the first backward diode is connected with the first resistor;
the first resistor is connected between the anode of the first backward diode and the base of the first triode;
and the collector electrode of the first triode is connected to the voltage division module, and the emitter electrode of the first triode is grounded.
Furthermore, the undervoltage protection module further comprises a filter capacitor, one end of the filter capacitor is connected between the first resistor and the base of the first triode, and the other end of the filter capacitor is grounded.
Furthermore, the undervoltage protection module further comprises a first protection resistor, one end of the first protection resistor is connected between the first resistor and the base of the first triode, and the other end of the first protection resistor is grounded.
Further, the overvoltage protection module includes a second backward diode, a second resistor, and a second triode, wherein:
the cathode of the second reverse diode is connected with the power supply input port, and the anode of the second reverse diode is connected with the second resistor;
the second resistor is connected between the anode of the second backward diode and the base of the second triode;
and the collector electrode of the second triode is connected between the first resistor and the base electrode of the first triode, and the emitter electrode of the second triode is grounded.
Furthermore, the overvoltage protection module further comprises a second protection resistor, one end of the second protection resistor is connected between the second resistor and the base of the second triode, and the other end of the second protection resistor is grounded.
Furthermore, the switch module is an MOS transistor, a source electrode of the MOS transistor is connected to the power input port and the voltage dividing module, a gate electrode of the MOS transistor is connected to the voltage dividing module, and a drain electrode of the MOS transistor is connected to the internal power interface.
Further, the voltage dividing module comprises a first voltage dividing resistor and a second voltage dividing resistor;
one end of the first voltage-dividing resistor is connected between the power supply input port and the source electrode of the MOS tube, and the other end of the first voltage-dividing resistor is connected between the second voltage-dividing resistor and the grid electrode of the MOS tube;
and two ends of the second voltage-dividing resistor are respectively connected to the grid electrode of the MOS tube and the collector electrode of the first triode.
In order to solve the above technical problem, an embodiment of the present application further provides an electric device, which includes the power input protection circuit as described above, and is configured to receive a supply voltage transmitted by the external power source through the power input protection circuit.
In order to solve the above technical problem, an embodiment of the present application further provides a power supply system, including an adapter and the above electric device, where the adapter is connected to the power input protection circuit through a power input port, and is configured to transmit an external power to the power input protection circuit, and transmit the external power to the inside of the electric device through the power input protection circuit.
Compared with the prior art, the embodiment of the application mainly has the following beneficial effects:
the power input protection circuit comprises an overvoltage protection module, an undervoltage protection module, a voltage division module and a switch module, wherein the overvoltage protection module is respectively connected with a power input port and the undervoltage protection module, is connected with the switch module through the undervoltage protection module and is used for controlling the switch module to be switched off when receiving the condition that the voltage input by the power input port is greater than a first preset voltage value; the undervoltage protection module is respectively connected with the power input port and the switch module and is used for controlling the switch module to be switched off when the voltage input by the power input port is smaller than a second preset voltage value; one end of the voltage division module is connected with the power input port, and the other end of the voltage division module is connected to a common connection point of the undervoltage protection module and the switch module and used for providing divided voltage for the switch module; the switch module is respectively connected with the power input port and the internal power interface and is used for switching on or switching off according to the voltage input by the power input port; the overvoltage protection module and the undervoltage protection module of this application can avoid protecting when inserting high voltage power supply or undervoltage power supply based on switching on or turn-off of the voltage control switch module of power input port input, avoid causing the damage of electronic product, simultaneously, save the cost.
Drawings
In order to illustrate the solution of the present application more clearly, the drawings that are needed in the description of the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present application, and that other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without inventive effort.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a power input protection circuit according to an embodiment of the present application.
Detailed Description
Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs; the terminology used in the description of the application herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the application; the terms "including" and "having," and any variations thereof, in the description and claims of this application and the description of the above figures are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions. The terms "first," "second," and the like in the description and claims of this application or in the foregoing drawings are used for distinguishing between different objects and not for describing a particular sequential order.
Reference herein to "an embodiment" means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment can be included in at least one embodiment of the application. The appearances of the phrase in various places in the specification are not necessarily all referring to the same embodiment, nor are separate or alternative embodiments mutually exclusive of other embodiments. It is explicitly and implicitly understood by one skilled in the art that the embodiments described herein can be combined with other embodiments.
In order to make the technical solutions better understood by those skilled in the art, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
The embodiment of the present application provides a power input protection circuit, which is shown in fig. 1 and includes an overvoltage protection module 10, an undervoltage protection module 20, a voltage division module 30, and a switch module 40.
The overvoltage protection module 10 is respectively connected to the power input port DC _ IN and the undervoltage protection module 20, is connected to the switch module 40 through the undervoltage protection module 20, and is configured to control the switch module 40 to be turned off when a voltage input by the power input port DC _ IN is greater than a first preset voltage value;
the undervoltage protection module 20 is respectively connected to the power input port DC _ IN and the switch module 40, and is configured to control the switch module 40 to be turned off when the voltage input by the power input port DC _ IN is smaller than a second preset voltage value;
one end of the voltage division module 30 is connected with the power input port DC _ IN, and the other end is connected to a common connection point of the under-voltage protection module 20 and the switch module 40, and is configured to provide a divided voltage for the switch module 40;
the switch module 40 is respectively connected to the power input port DC _ IN and the internal power interface SYSTEM, and is configured to be turned on or off according to a voltage input by the power input port DC _ IN.
IN this embodiment, the undervoltage protection module 20 includes a first backward diode Z100, a first resistor R100, and a first transistor Q100, wherein a cathode of the first backward diode Z100 is connected to the power input port DC _ IN, and an anode of the first backward diode Z100 is connected to the first resistor R100; the first resistor R100 is connected between the anode of the first backward diode Z100 and the base of the first triode Q100; the collector C of the first transistor Q100 is connected to the voltage divider module 30, and the emitter E of the first transistor Q100 is grounded.
In some optional implementations, the undervoltage protection module 20 further includes a filter capacitor C100, one end of the filter capacitor C100 is connected between the first resistor R100 and the base B of the first transistor Q100, and the other end of the filter capacitor C100 is grounded.
The filter capacitor C100 is used for filtering the transmitted power supply signal and reducing the amplitude of power supply ripples, so that the normal work of the circuit is ensured.
In this embodiment, the undervoltage protection module 20 further includes a first protection resistor R104, where the first protection resistor R104 is connected in parallel with the filter capacitor C100, and is used to make the control electrode in a stable level state when there is no input signal, so as to ensure that the transistor Q100 is turned off.
IN this embodiment, the overvoltage protection module 10 includes a second backward diode Z101, a second resistor R101, and a second transistor Q101, wherein a cathode of the second backward diode Z101 is connected to the power input port DC _ IN, and an anode of the second backward diode Z101 is connected to the second resistor R101; the second resistor R101 is connected between the anode of the second backward diode Z101 and the base B of the second triode Q101; the collector C of the second transistor Q101 is connected between the first resistor R100 and the base B of the first transistor Q100, and the emitter E of the second transistor Q101 is grounded.
In this embodiment, the overvoltage protection module 10 further includes a second protection resistor R105, one end of the second protection resistor R105 is connected between the second resistor R101 and the base B of the second transistor Q101, and the other end of the second protection resistor R105 is grounded, so that the control electrode is in a stable level state when there is no input signal, and the transistor Q101 is ensured to be turned off.
IN some optional implementations, the switch module 40 is a MOS transistor Q102, a source S of the MOS transistor Q102 is connected to the common connection point of the power input port DC _ IN and the voltage dividing module 30, a gate G of the MOS transistor Q102 is connected to the voltage dividing module 30, and a drain D of the MOS transistor Q102 is connected to the internal power interface SYSTEM.
IN this embodiment, the voltage dividing module 30 includes a first voltage dividing resistor R102 and a second voltage dividing resistor R103, wherein one end of the first voltage dividing resistor R102 is connected between the power input port DC _ IN and the source S of the MOS transistor Q102, and the other end of the first voltage dividing resistor R102 is connected between the second voltage dividing resistor R103 and the gate G of the MOS transistor Q102; two ends of the second voltage-dividing resistor R103 are respectively connected to the gate G of the MOS transistor Q102 and the collector C of the first transistor Q100.
Based on the power input protection circuit, the principle of overvoltage and undervoltage protection for the power input port DC _ IN is as follows:
the power input protection circuit of this embodiment is connected to the power input port DC _ IN through the VCC _12V network, and the external adapter supplies power, and SYSTEM _12V connects to the internal SYSTEM circuit of the product, supplies power to each module of the internal SYSTEM of the product, and ensures that the product works normally.
When the product is connected to the original adapter, 12V power voltage is input to the DC-IN port, one path is conducted through BE poles of Z100, R100 and Q100, and the other path is conducted through CE poles of R102, R103 and Q100. At this time, the triode Q100 is in a saturation conduction state, VCC _12V performs voltage division through the voltage dividing resistors R102 and R103, so that the GS voltage of the MOS transistor Q102 is greater than the conduction threshold voltage, Q102 is in the saturation conduction state, and the power supply voltage VCC _12V is normally supplied to each working module of the system, thereby ensuring the normal work of the product.
When a product is connected to a non-original adapter, if the input voltage of the DC-IN port is larger than 15.6V (a first preset voltage value), the input voltage of the product is IN an overvoltage state. The power supply is transmitted to the protection circuit in two paths, one path is conducted through BE poles of Z101, R101 and Q101, and the other path is conducted through CE poles of Z100, R100 and Q101. At this moment, the triode Q101 is in a saturation conduction state, the BE electrode voltage of the triode Q100 is short-circuited by the triode Q101 and is in a cut-off state, the power supply cannot BE conducted through the CE electrodes of the R102, the R103 and the Q100, the MOS tube Q102 is in the cut-off state, so that the voltage larger than 15.6V cannot enter the system, products are protected, and overvoltage damage is avoided.
When the product is connected to the non-original adapter, if the input voltage of the DC-IN port is less than 9.7V (a second preset voltage value), the power supply can not BE conducted through BE poles of Z100, R100 and Q100. At this moment, the triode Q100 is in a cut-off state, the power supply can not be conducted through CE electrodes of the R102, the R103 and the Q100, and the MOS tube Q102 is in the cut-off state, so that voltage smaller than 9.7V can not enter the system, products are protected, and undervoltage damage is avoided.
In some optional implementations, the power input protection circuit further includes a third protection resistor R106, two ends of the third protection resistor R106 are respectively connected to the internal power interface SYSTEM and the ground terminal, in order to prevent damage caused by static electricity, a pin that is not used cannot be suspended, a pull-down resistor is generally connected to provide a load relief path, and meanwhile, the pin is prevented from being suspended and being subjected to external electromagnetic interference.
Based on the power input protection circuit, an embodiment of the present application further provides an electric device, where the electric device includes the power input protection circuit described above, and is configured to receive a supply voltage transmitted by an external power source through the power input protection circuit.
Based on the above power consumption device, an embodiment of the present application provides a power supply system, which includes an adapter and the power consumption device as described above, where the adapter is connected to the power input protection circuit through the power input port, and is configured to transmit an external power to the power input protection circuit, and transmit the external power to the power consumption device through the power input protection circuit, so as to supply power to a product.
It is to be understood that the above-described embodiments are merely illustrative of some, but not restrictive, of the broad invention, and that the appended drawings illustrate preferred embodiments of the invention and do not limit the scope of the invention. This application is capable of embodiments in many different forms and is provided for the purpose of enabling a thorough understanding of the disclosure of the application. Although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be apparent to one skilled in the art that the present application may be practiced without modification or with equivalents of some of the features described in the foregoing embodiments. All equivalent structures made by using the contents of the specification and the drawings of the present application are directly or indirectly applied to other related technical fields and are within the protection scope of the present application.
Claims (10)
1. A power input protection circuit, comprising:
the overvoltage protection module, the undervoltage protection module, the voltage division module and the switch module;
the overvoltage protection module is respectively connected with a power input port and the undervoltage protection module, is connected with the switch module through the undervoltage protection module, and is used for controlling the switch module to be switched off when receiving that the voltage input by the power input port is greater than a first preset voltage value;
the undervoltage protection module is respectively connected with the power input port and the switch module and is used for controlling the switch module to be switched off when the voltage input by the power input port is smaller than a second preset voltage value;
one end of the voltage division module is connected with the power input port, and the other end of the voltage division module is connected to a common connection point of the undervoltage protection module and the switch module and used for providing divided voltage for the switch module;
the switch module is respectively connected with the power input port and the internal power interface and used for switching on or switching off according to the voltage input by the power input port.
2. The power input protection circuit of claim 1, wherein the under-voltage protection module comprises a first backward diode, a first resistor, and a first transistor, wherein:
the cathode of the first backward diode is connected with the power supply input port, and the anode of the first backward diode is connected with the first resistor;
the first resistor is connected between the anode of the first backward diode and the base of the first triode;
the collector electrode of the first triode is connected to the voltage division module, and the emitter electrode of the first triode is grounded.
3. The power input protection circuit of claim 2, wherein the under-voltage protection module further comprises a filter capacitor, one end of the filter capacitor is connected between the first resistor and the base of the first transistor, and the other end of the filter capacitor is grounded.
4. The power input protection circuit of claim 2, wherein the under-voltage protection module further comprises a first protection resistor, one end of the first protection resistor is connected between the first resistor and the base of the first transistor, and the other end of the first protection resistor is grounded.
5. The power input protection circuit of claim 2, wherein the over-voltage protection module comprises a second backward diode, a second resistor and a second transistor, wherein:
the cathode of the second reverse diode is connected with the power supply input port, and the anode of the second reverse diode is connected with the second resistor;
the second resistor is connected between the anode of the second backward diode and the base of the second triode;
and the collector electrode of the second triode is connected between the first resistor and the base electrode of the first triode, and the emitter electrode of the second triode is grounded.
6. The power input protection circuit according to claim 5, wherein the overvoltage protection module further comprises a second protection resistor, one end of the second protection resistor is connected between the second resistor and the base of the second transistor, and the other end of the second protection resistor is grounded.
7. The power input protection circuit according to claim 2, wherein the switch module is an MOS transistor, a source of the MOS transistor is connected to the power input port and the voltage dividing module, a gate of the MOS transistor is connected to the voltage dividing module, and a drain of the MOS transistor is connected to the internal power interface.
8. The power input protection circuit of claim 7, wherein the voltage divider module comprises a first voltage divider resistor and a second voltage divider resistor;
one end of the first voltage-dividing resistor is connected between the power supply input port and the source electrode of the MOS tube, and the other end of the first voltage-dividing resistor is connected between the second voltage-dividing resistor and the grid electrode of the MOS tube;
and two ends of the second voltage-dividing resistor are respectively connected to the grid electrode of the MOS tube and the collector electrode of the first triode.
9. An electrical device comprising a power input protection circuit as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 8, for receiving a supply voltage transmitted by an external power source through the power input protection circuit.
10. A power supply system comprising an adapter and the powered device of claim 9;
the adapter is connected with the power input protection circuit through a power input port and is used for transmitting an external power supply to the power input protection circuit and transmitting the external power supply to the interior of the electric device through the power input protection circuit.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202220912422.6U CN218161808U (en) | 2022-04-19 | 2022-04-19 | Power input protection circuit, electric device and power supply system |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202220912422.6U CN218161808U (en) | 2022-04-19 | 2022-04-19 | Power input protection circuit, electric device and power supply system |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN218161808U true CN218161808U (en) | 2022-12-27 |
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202220912422.6U Active CN218161808U (en) | 2022-04-19 | 2022-04-19 | Power input protection circuit, electric device and power supply system |
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| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN218161808U (en) |
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- 2022-04-19 CN CN202220912422.6U patent/CN218161808U/en active Active
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