CN218030202U

CN218030202U - Shield type weak surrounding rock tunnel construction machinery

Info

Publication number: CN218030202U
Application number: CN202222331692.0U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 岳诚东; 刘金刚; 赵建刚; 杨印海; 李存海; 甘春金; 张祥
Original assignee: Gansu Tieke Construction Engineering Consulting Co ltd
Current assignee: Gansu Tieke Construction Engineering Consulting Co ltd
Priority date: 2022-09-02
Filing date: 2022-09-02
Publication date: 2022-12-13
Anticipated expiration: 2032-09-02

Abstract

The utility model discloses a shield type weak surrounding rock tunnel construction machine, which comprises a shield horizontally arranged, wherein the length of the upper cylinder wall of the shield is greater than that of the lower cylinder wall, a space enclosed by a first stiffening plate, a second stiffening plate and two rows of stiffening plates is welded in the shield, and a plurality of jacking systems are arranged in the space; a plurality of support frame groups are arranged on the inner wall of the front end of the shield, support frames in the support frame groups are movably connected with two ends of a main shaft of the screw machine through connecting frames, and the main shaft of the same screw machine is driven by two driving motors; the screw machine is connected with the first stiffening plate through two adjusting devices arranged side by side; two ends of the main shaft of the screw machine are respectively movably connected with one end of the two adjusting devices. According to the construction machinery shield, the screw machine at the front end of the shield rotationally excavates the soil body, the jacking system provides counter-force support, a space formed after the soil body is excavated is shielded by the shield-shaped shell, a safe operation space is provided for subsequent arch centering installation, welding and concrete spray anchor construction, and the safety of constructors is ensured.

Description

Shield type weak surrounding rock tunnel construction machinery

Technical Field

The utility model belongs to the technical field of the tunnel construction, a shield type tunnel construction machinery to weak country rock is related to, this machinery is including digging spiral machine, shield, the top on soil layer soon and advancing system etc..

Background

The tunnel construction is high in proportion in highway, railway and hydraulic engineering, and is generally constructed by adopting a shield tunneling method or a mine tunneling method. The shield tunneling method has extremely high construction cost and strong stratum pertinence, so the adaptability and the application range are limited, and most tunnel construction still adopts the mining method for excavation.

Mine method excavation construction is mucked by mechanical excavation, has alleviateed the risk in manpower intensity of labour and the excavation process greatly, but still needs artifical supplementary repairment owing and draw back and grudging post, welding etc. among these process work courses, constructor directly exposes under the excavation face, if the ground falls the piece, directly threatens personnel life safety, belongs to the construction method who does not have any safety guarantee measure, mainly has the following problem: 1) The disturbance to the excavation surface is large. In the traditional mining method, machines are used for excavating in a large range and discharging slag, some machines are required to be blasted, overbreak and underexcavation are difficult to control, rock strata are disturbed greatly, and formed broken soil bodies are easy to fall off or collapse in the process of gradually releasing stress; 2) The safety problem is prominent. After the mine method is excavated, the working procedures of manual auxiliary trimming of underexcavation, arch frame erection, steel bar welding, locking pin arrangement and the like are also carried out, and constructors are directly exposed below the excavated free surface and are subjected to vault falling or collapse, so that the life safety of the constructors is directly endangered; 3) The deviation of the excavated surface is large, and the tunnel linearity is poor. The over-excavation and under-excavation in the excavation process of the mine method are difficult to control, so that the deviation of an excavation surface and a vertical arch is large, and the flatness and the appearance quality of a formed tunnel are poor; 4) The material waste is large. Excess space formed by overexcavation and large linear deviation needs to be filled with concrete, so that material waste is serious, the multipurpose material per linear meter is calculated according to 1000 yuan, and the waste of tunnel material per 1000 meters reaches 100 ten thousand yuan. The existence of above-mentioned problem makes in the mine method construction tunnel process, and the risk of artifical supplementary blasting, mechanical construction is very big, and the incident is frequent. Although engineering experts at home and abroad carry out a great deal of research on factors in various aspects such as risk, technology, design, construction and management and develop a series of auxiliary machinery, factors such as tunnel surrounding rock, environmental influence, construction process and the like are too complex, and the problems of personal casualty accidents, poor tunnel linearity, material waste and the like caused by sudden block dropping and collapse in the construction process of the weak surrounding rock tunnel cannot be controlled and reduced all the time.

Disclosure of Invention

The utility model aims at providing a shield type weak country rock tunnel construction machinery when digging soon, jacking, provides safe and reliable's construction space for the workman of follow-up construction.

In order to achieve the above object, the utility model adopts the following technical scheme: a shield type weak surrounding rock tunnel construction machine comprises a cylindrical shield with a horizontal axis, wherein the length of the cylinder wall of the shield at the upper part is greater than that of the cylinder wall at the lower part, a first stiffening plate and a second stiffening plate are welded on the inner wall of the shield from front to back side in parallel, and two rows of stiffening plates which are arranged up and down are fixedly connected between the first stiffening plate and the second stiffening plate; a plurality of jacking systems are arranged in a space defined by the first stiffening plate, the second stiffening plate and the two rows of stiffening plates, each jacking system adopts a hydraulic cylinder, the cylinder body of each hydraulic cylinder is fixed in the space, and the piston rod of each hydraulic cylinder penetrates through the second stiffening plate and extends out of the space;

the inner wall of the front end of the shield is fixedly connected with a plurality of support frame groups side by side, each support frame group consists of two support frames fixedly connected to the inner wall of the shield, the support frames are movably connected with one ends of connecting frames, the other ends of two connecting frames movably connected to two support frames in the same support frame group are respectively movably connected with two ends of a main shaft in a screw machine, the two connecting frames form a connecting combination, each connecting frame is provided with a driving motor, and the driving motors arranged on the two connecting frames in the same connecting combination drive the main shaft in the same screw machine;

the screw machine is connected with the first stiffening plate through two adjusting devices arranged side by side; two ends of a main shaft of the screw machine are respectively movably connected with one ends of two adjusting devices matched with the screw machine, and the other ends of the adjusting devices are fixedly connected with the first stiffening plate.

The utility model discloses tunnel construction machinery has following advantage:

1) And the stability of the excavation surface is ensured. The screw machine in the place ahead is through rotatory breakage and output ground, and is little to the country rock disturbance, and excavation face is smooth continuous, and the ground in the place ahead can be adjusted well to the core soil body has stabilizing effect.

2) The construction safety is ensured. This construction machinery's shield type shell provides the safety space for personnel when subsequent processes such as founding the bow member, welding, spouting anchor are under construction, very big assurance construction safety.

3) The material waste is less. The customized shield type shell has accurate excavation size, and reduces the material and labor waste caused by over excavation.

4) The cost performance is high. Compared with a shield machine with high manufacturing cost, complete supporting facilities and strict adaptability, the shield type construction machine has low manufacturing cost relative to the shield machine, greatly improves the safety compared with the traditional mine method, has wide adaptability range to surrounding rocks, is convenient and economic to maintain and has high cost performance.

5) And the adaptability is strong. The shield shell can be designed into any shape and any size such as a circle, an ellipse and a rectangle, so that tunnels with different purposes can be met, and secondly, the stratum rock soil has good adaptability, and any weak and broken stratum rock soil except hard stone rock soil can be excavated, such as loess, sandstone, sand pebble and the like.

6) No special design requirement exists. By using the construction machine, the existing support form is not required to be designed and changed or a matched segment production line is not required to be constructed, the design and construction process of the classical new Austrian tunnel is completely matched, the design workload and the construction difficulty are not increased, and the construction safety and the construction efficiency are greatly improved.

7) The cost is low. Compared with high investment and strict supporting facilities of a shield machine and adaptability requirements, the construction machine is low in cost, strong in adaptability and flexible to install and maintain.

8) The cost performance is high. The shield machine is high in construction cost, high in production and transportation cost of matched duct pieces, inconvenient to maintain, easy to cause environmental pollution due to muck, and free of any safety guarantee in the traditional mine construction method.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic view of the tunnel construction machine of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a right side view of fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is a schematic view showing the connection of a driving motor and a screw machine in the tunnel construction machine shown in fig. 1.

Fig. 4 is a schematic view of construction under a shield type casing of the construction machine.

In the figure: 1. the device comprises a shield, 2 supporting frames, 3 connecting frames, 4 screw machines, 5 driving motors, 6 adjusting devices, 7 first stiffening plates, 8 stiffening plates, 9 second stiffening plates, 10 jacking systems, 11 main shafts, 12 counter-force supporting bodies, 13 arches and 14 reinforcing mesh sheets.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

As shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, the tunnel construction machine of the present invention includes a cylindrical shield 1 with a horizontal axis, wherein the length of the upper cylinder wall of the shield 1 is greater than the length of the lower cylinder wall, i.e. the cross-sectional shape of the shield 1 in the vertical plane of the axis is an h-shape rotated by 90 degrees; a first stiffening plate 7 and a second stiffening plate 9 are welded on the inner wall of the shield 1 from front to back side in parallel, two rows of stiffening plates 8 which are arranged up and down are fixedly connected between the first stiffening plate and the second stiffening plate 9, and two ends of each stiffening plate 8 are fixedly connected with the first stiffening plate 7 and the second stiffening plate 9 respectively; a plurality of jacking systems 10 are arranged in a space surrounded by the first stiffening plates 7, the second stiffening plates 9 and the two rows of stiffening plates 8, the jacking systems 10 adopt hydraulic cylinders, the cylinder bodies of the hydraulic cylinders are fixed in the space, and piston rods of the hydraulic cylinders penetrate through the second stiffening plates 9 and extend out of the space;

a plurality of support frame groups are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the front end of the shield 1 side by side, each support frame group consists of two support frames 2 fixedly connected to the inner wall of the shield 1, each support frame 2 is movably connected with one end of a connecting frame 3, the other ends of the two connecting frames 3 movably connected to the two support frames 2 in the same support frame group are respectively movably connected with the two ends of a main shaft 12 in a screw machine 4, the two connecting frames 3 form a connecting combination, and a driving motor 5 is mounted on each connecting frame 3, as shown in fig. 3; the drive motors 5 mounted on the two connecting frames 3 in the same connecting combination drive the main shaft 12 in the same screw machine 4, and one drive motor 5 drives the main shaft 12 in the screw machine 4 through one speed changer.

One screw machine 4 is connected with the first stiffening plate 7 through two adjusting devices 6 which are arranged side by side, the number of the adjusting devices 6 is twice of that of the screw machines 4, namely, one screw machine 4 is provided with two adjusting devices 6; two ends of a main shaft 12 of the screw machine 4 are respectively movably connected with one ends of two adjusting devices 6 matched with the screw machine 4, and the other ends of the adjusting devices 6 are fixedly connected with the first stiffening plate 7.

The adjusting device 6 adopts a hydraulic oil cylinder. The cylinder body of the hydraulic oil cylinder is fixedly connected with the first stiffening plate 7, and the piston rod of the hydraulic oil cylinder is movably connected with the main shaft 12 of the screw machine 4.

The blades of the screw machine 4 are cutting edges for cutting broken soil.

Use the utility model discloses during tunnel construction machinery excavation tunnel: will the utility model discloses before tunnel construction machinery arranges the soil body of planning the excavation in, make 4 orientation soil bodies of screw machine the utility model discloses tunnel construction machinery's rear sets up the reaction frame. Or, adopt mine method excavation one section soil body earlier, increase the excavation section, will again the utility model discloses in the section of tunnel construction machinery immigration excavation, again the utility model discloses the partial construction secondary lining who has excavated at tunnel construction machinery rear portion. The reaction frame and the secondary lining are called reaction support 11, which are used for providing reaction support for the shield 1. All piston rods of the jacking system 10 extending out of the second stiffening plate 9 are fixedly connected with the counter force support body 11.

All adjusting devices 6 and all jacking systems 10 are connected to the hydraulic station. All the drive motors 5 are connected to a power supply. When the power supply is turned on, the driving motor 5 drives the main shaft 12 of the screw machine 4 to rotate through the speed changer, so that the blades of the screw machine 4 are driven to rotate. Simultaneously, start the hydraulic pressure station, in hydraulic oil gets into pneumatic cylinder and hydraulic cylinder, under the hydraulic oil effect, the piston rod among the jacking system 10 stretches out from the cylinder body of pneumatic cylinder, and the cylinder body that reversely promotes the pneumatic cylinder moves forward, and the cylinder body of pneumatic cylinder drives shield 1 and moves to soil body direction (forward), and when the blade of screw machine 4 contacted the soil body, cut the soil body and dig soon, reach the stroke of pneumatic cylinder until the extension length of pneumatic cylinder piston rod, close hydraulic pressure station and power, the utility model discloses tunnel construction machinery stop work. The soil slag which is dug by the screw machine 4 and the central part of the soil body which is not dug are cleaned and transported together by the digging machine, then, the piston rod in the jacking system 10 is separated from the counter-force supporting body 11, the hydraulic station is started, the piston rod in the jacking system 10 is retracted into the cylinder body of the hydraulic cylinder, then, an arch 13 and a reinforcing mesh 14 are constructed in the area between the counter-force supporting body 11 and the jacking system 10, as shown in figure 4, and the anchor is sprayed. The inner arch 13 and the steel mesh 14 of the shield 1 are arranged under the upper part of the shield 1.

Next, the piston rod in the jacking system 10 is securely connected to the arch 13 under construction. The starter power supply, the blade of screw machine 4 is rotatory, restart hydraulic pressure station, hydraulic oil gets into in the pneumatic cylinder, under the hydraulic oil effect, the piston rod stretches out from the cylinder body of pneumatic cylinder, because piston rod fastening connection is on bow member 13, the piston rod stretches out the in-process, the cylinder body that reversely promotes the pneumatic cylinder removes, the cylinder body of pneumatic cylinder drives shield 1 and removes to the soil body direction, screw machine 4's blade cuts the soil body and digs soon, reach the stroke of pneumatic cylinder until the length that stretches out of piston rod, close hydraulic pressure station and power, the utility model discloses tunnel construction machinery stop work. And (3) clearing and transporting the soil slag formed by the rotary drilling of the spiral drilling machine 4 and the core soil formed by the soil body which is not rotary drilled by the digging machine, and completing one cycle of construction. And the tunnel is pushed forwards until the tunnel is excavated.

The adjusting device 6 is connected with the driving shaft, so that the outward-expanding excavation amount of the screw machine 4 relative to the shield body 1 is adjusted, meanwhile, the connection between the screw machine 4 and the fixed end 7 is buffered, and the rigid damage of the screw machine under the action of soil body resistance and torsion is avoided.

The utility model discloses tunnel construction machinery is customized by batch production according to the design drawing, and after the on-the-spot equipment shaping, install the step of can going up the people additional at the rear end, workman's operation platform when providing bow member 13 installation, welding faces the border protection and accords with relevant regulation, ensures construction safety.

The utility model discloses tunnel construction machinery is strict according to the design customization, enables the tunnel excavation section accurate, and excavation direction is steerable, stops super digging, owe to dig safety, quality hidden danger, and is few to peripheral country rock disturbance, just props up the lining and hugs closely the excavation face, forms stable arch atress structure, has under construction a ring after, and the jacking system is flexible forward propulsion repeatedly, and process changeover time is compact, makes the efficiency of construction have had very big improvement. Meanwhile, the safety risk of constructors is greatly reduced, the excavation surface is smooth and continuous, the over-short excavation and line type control are good, and the waste of materials and working hours is reduced.

The shield 1 is of a hollow structure and is made of a thick steel plate, two first stiffening plates 7 and two second stiffening plates 9 made of the same specification materials are welded on the inner wall of the shield, two layers of reinforcing plates 8 are welded between the first stiffening plates 7 and the second stiffening plates 9, the shield 1 is guaranteed not to deform, the shape is kept, a plurality of jacking mechanisms and screw machines 4 installed inside the shield are guaranteed to be firm and reliable, reaction force generated during rotary drilling in the working process is borne, and the rigidity, the strength and the thickness of the shield are determined through calculation.

The tunnel construction machine only excavates the annular soil body with the thickness of about 50cm at every time, the middle soil body is directly excavated by large-scale machines such as an excavator, the excavation and unearthing efficiency is higher, the shield-shaped shell provides safe operation space for subsequent operations such as middle soil body excavation, construction steel arch frames, reinforcing steel bar meshes, concrete spraying and the like, the tunnel construction machine has the safety of heavy-duty machine construction tunnels such as shield machines and TBM machines, the cost is greatly reduced, no special requirements are required for the design of the existing mine method, and the adaptability is strong. The reserved core soil body in the middle can be used as a buffer for judging the stability of the excavation surface and the underground water quantity, if the excavation is safe, the excavation is continued, and if surrounding rocks are broken and the water inflow is large, stronger pre-reinforcing measures are taken, so that the construction safety is ensured. Therefore, the utility model discloses tunnel construction machinery can realize the purpose of tunnel safety excavation construction, and the cost is lower moreover, it is more convenient to maintain, and adaptability is stronger.

Claims

1. A shield-type weak surrounding rock tunnel construction machine is characterized by comprising a cylindrical shield (1) with a horizontally arranged axis, wherein the length of the upper cylinder wall of the shield (1) is greater than that of the lower cylinder wall, a first stiffening plate (7) and a second stiffening plate (9) are welded on the inner wall of the shield (1) from front to back side by side, and two rows of stiffening plates (8) are fixedly connected between the first stiffening plate (7) and the second stiffening plate (9); a plurality of jacking systems (10) are arranged in a space surrounded by the first stiffening plate (7), the second stiffening plate (9) and the two rows of stiffening plates (8), the jacking systems (10) adopt hydraulic cylinders, the cylinder bodies of the hydraulic cylinders are fixed in the space, and the piston rods of the hydraulic cylinders penetrate through the second stiffening plate (9) and extend out of the space;

the inner wall of the front end of the shield (1) is fixedly connected with a plurality of support frame groups side by side, each support frame group consists of two support frames (2) fixedly connected to the inner wall of the shield (1), the support frames (2) are movably connected with one ends of the connecting frames (3), the other ends of the two connecting frames (3) movably connected with the two support frames (2) in the same support frame group are respectively and movably connected with two ends of a main shaft (12) in a screw machine (4), the two connecting frames (3) form a connecting combination, each connecting frame (3) is provided with a driving motor (5), and the driving motors (5) arranged on the two connecting frames (3) in the same connecting combination drive the main shaft (12) in the same screw machine (4);

the screw machine (4) is connected with the first stiffening plate (7) through two adjusting devices (6) which are arranged side by side; two ends of a main shaft (12) of the screw machine (4) are respectively movably connected with one ends of two adjusting devices (6) matched with the screw machine (4), and the other ends of the adjusting devices (6) are fixedly connected with the first stiffening plate (7).

2. The shield-type weak surrounding rock tunnel construction machine according to claim 1, characterized in that the drive motor (5) drives the main shaft (12) in the screw machine (4) through a transmission.

3. The shield type weak surrounding rock tunnel construction machine of claim 1, characterized in that the adjusting device (6) is a hydraulic cylinder, the cylinder body of the hydraulic cylinder is fixedly connected with the first stiffening plate (7), and the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder is movably connected with the main shaft (12) of the screw machine (4).

4. Shield type weak surrounding rock tunnel construction machine according to claim 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that the blades of the screw machine (4) are cutting edges for cutting broken soil mass.