CN110836118A - Equipment and method for rapid and safe tunnel construction under high ground stress and high geological hazards - Google Patents
Equipment and method for rapid and safe tunnel construction under high ground stress and high geological hazards Download PDFInfo
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- CN110836118A CN110836118A CN201911265490.7A CN201911265490A CN110836118A CN 110836118 A CN110836118 A CN 110836118A CN 201911265490 A CN201911265490 A CN 201911265490A CN 110836118 A CN110836118 A CN 110836118A
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- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 70
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 claims description 32
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 claims description 32
- 230000005641 tunneling Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000007596 consolidation process Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004570 mortar (masonry) Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000009412 basement excavation Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000004873 anchoring Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000009933 burial Methods 0.000 description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008094 contradictory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004146 energy storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 description 1
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D9/00—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
- E21D9/06—Making by using a driving shield, i.e. advanced by pushing means bearing against the already placed lining
- E21D9/08—Making by using a driving shield, i.e. advanced by pushing means bearing against the already placed lining with additional boring or cutting means other than the conventional cutting edge of the shield
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D20/00—Setting anchoring-bolts
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D9/00—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
- E21D9/06—Making by using a driving shield, i.e. advanced by pushing means bearing against the already placed lining
- E21D9/08—Making by using a driving shield, i.e. advanced by pushing means bearing against the already placed lining with additional boring or cutting means other than the conventional cutting edge of the shield
- E21D9/087—Making by using a driving shield, i.e. advanced by pushing means bearing against the already placed lining with additional boring or cutting means other than the conventional cutting edge of the shield with a rotary drilling-head cutting simultaneously the whole cross-section, i.e. full-face machines
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D9/00—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
- E21D9/06—Making by using a driving shield, i.e. advanced by pushing means bearing against the already placed lining
- E21D9/08—Making by using a driving shield, i.e. advanced by pushing means bearing against the already placed lining with additional boring or cutting means other than the conventional cutting edge of the shield
- E21D9/087—Making by using a driving shield, i.e. advanced by pushing means bearing against the already placed lining with additional boring or cutting means other than the conventional cutting edge of the shield with a rotary drilling-head cutting simultaneously the whole cross-section, i.e. full-face machines
- E21D9/0873—Making by using a driving shield, i.e. advanced by pushing means bearing against the already placed lining with additional boring or cutting means other than the conventional cutting edge of the shield with a rotary drilling-head cutting simultaneously the whole cross-section, i.e. full-face machines the shield being provided with devices for lining the tunnel, e.g. shuttering
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D9/00—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
- E21D9/12—Devices for removing or hauling away excavated material or spoil; Working or loading platforms
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Excavating Of Shafts Or Tunnels (AREA)
Abstract
The invention belongs to the field of tunnel construction, and particularly relates to equipment and a method for quickly and safely constructing tunnels under high ground stress and high geological hazards. Compared with the existing shield machine, the shield machine has relatively low manufacturing cost and can meet the requirement of engineering economy. The shield machine adopted by the using method adopts the telescopic rod to advance and retreat, and can advance and retreat freely in the excavation process. Therefore, the method is more flexible and convenient in construction technology and easy to operate.
Description
[ technical field ] A method for producing a semiconductor device
The invention belongs to the field of tunnel construction, and particularly relates to equipment and a method for rapid and safe tunnel construction under high ground stress and high geological hazards.
[ background of the invention ]
With the development of society, the civil engineering industry plays an increasingly important role in national economic construction. Because the construction scale is continuously enlarged and the available space on the earth surface is gradually reduced, various underground projects must be built to meet the requirements of various fields of water conservancy and hydropower development, metal coal mining, traffic engineering construction, energy storage and the like in China. The tunnel is the most common building form in underground engineering construction, and plays a very important role in underground development, and the tunnel engineering construction also shows the trend of enlarging construction scale and increasing burial depth at present. In the field of hydropower, taking a water delivery tunnel project mosaic secondary hydropower station with the largest burial depth and the highest comprehensive difficulty in the existing hydraulic tunnels in the world as an example, the length of a single hole of 4 diversion tunnels reaches 16.7km, the diameter of an excavated hole reaches 14.6 m, and the maximum burial depth reaches 2525 m. In the field of traffic engineering, the mileage of tunnel construction in China is continuously increased, and large-scale tunnel groups are continuously emerged. The tunnel of the Chengkun village dam has the total length of 6187m, and the maximum buried depth is 1650 m; the total length of the Qinling tunnel is about 18460m, and the maximum buried depth is 1600 m; the Chongqing Yuzhou tunnel has a total length of about 655m and a maximum buried depth of 1015 m.
Therefore, the tunnel engineering in China has various types and large scale, and the current construction speed is in the forefront of the world. At the same time, however, since the geological conditions below the ground surface are very complicated, there is a possibility that geological disasters such as water inrush and mud inrush, rock burst, ground surface subsidence, and collapse may occur during the construction process, which all bring great challenges to the construction of the tunnel engineering.
The shield machine is the main mechanical equipment of the existing shield method, and plays an important role in the construction of tunnel engineering. The existing shield machine mainly comprises an excavating system, a stable supporting system and a grouting system. Excavation construction is carried out in the front, grouting operation is carried out in the back, and excavation and grouting are carried out synchronously, so that full-face tunneling of the tunnel is realized.
The following problems mainly exist in the construction of the existing shield tunneling machine: the existing shield method adopts large-size diameter full-face tunneling, the construction speed is relatively slow, and the requirement of increasing construction progress cannot be met.
[ summary of the invention ]
In view of the above problems, the present invention provides an apparatus and method for tunnel construction that is fast and safe under high ground stress and high geological hazards.
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is realized by adopting the following technical scheme:
the utility model provides an equipment of quick safe tunnel construction under high ground stress high geological hazard, it includes blade disc, a plurality of tool bit, a plurality of ballast groove, conveyer, fore-stock, well support, after-poppet, telescopic link, rotation axis, stock machine, stock groove, driving motor, swivel bearing.
The cutter heads are arranged on the surface of the front end of the cutter head in an annular array mode, and the cutter head is fixedly connected with the rotating shaft; the rock slag grooves penetrate through the cutter head, one ends of the rock slag grooves are respectively arranged on the surface of the front end of the cutter head in an annular array mode, the other ends of the rock slag grooves are arranged at the front end of the conveyor in an annular array mode, and the rock slag grooves are used for conveying rocks crushed by the cutter head to the conveyor; the rotating bearing is rotatably sleeved on the cutter head; the rotary bearing is connected with the front bracket through a telescopic rod; the front bracket, the middle bracket and the rear bracket are rotatably sleeved on the rotating shaft; the front bracket is arranged between the middle bracket and the cutter head, the middle bracket is arranged between the front bracket and the rear bracket, and two sides of the middle bracket are respectively connected with the front bracket and the rear bracket through telescopic rods; the driving motor is fixedly connected with the rear support, and a motor shaft of the driving motor is fixedly connected with the rotating shaft;
one end of the conveyor is arranged at the rear end of the cutter head, and the other end of the conveyor extends to the rear part of the rear support.
The front support, the middle support and the rear support are all annularly provided with four anchor rod grooves; an anchor rod machine is arranged in each anchor rod groove.
When the equipment for rapid and safe tunnel construction under high ground stress and high geological hazards is used, the rock of the tunnel is anchored by the bolting machine which is accommodated in the bolt groove in the front support, the middle support and the rear support in the tunnel; starting a driving motor to drive a rotating shaft to rotate; the rotating shaft drives a plurality of tool bits on the tool pan to rotate to break the rock; the telescopic rod connected with the rotary bearing is extended to drive the cutter head to break rock forwards; the crushed rock is conveyed to the conveyor by the plurality of stone slag grooves and then conveyed to the rear part of the rear support by the conveyor.
Further, the cutter head, the front bracket, the middle bracket and the rear bracket are all cylindrical; the diameter of the cutter head is 2.5m to 4m, and the diameters of the front support, the middle support and the rear support are the same and are all smaller than the diameter of the cutter head.
The cutter heads are disc-shaped hobs.
Furthermore, the cutter heads are divided into a group of three cutter heads which are annularly arranged on the surface of the front end of the cutter head, and each group of cutter heads is correspondingly provided with a slag groove.
The driving motor is a low-speed high-torque outer rotor permanent magnet synchronous motor.
Furthermore, a plurality of slag grooves are of concave structures, the openings of the concave structures are positioned on the cutter disc and face one side of the cutter heads from the center of the cutter disc, the tail ends of the openings of the concave structures of the slag grooves incline towards the front end of the conveyor, the distances from the front ends of the slag grooves to the center of the surface of the front end of the cutter disc are larger than the distances from the rear ends of the slag grooves to the center of the surface of the front end of the cutter disc, the openings of the concave structures of the rear ends of the slag grooves face away from the front end of the conveyor, when the plurality of slag grooves rotate to the upper side of the front end of the conveyor along with the cutter disc, rocks can fall into the conveyor to be conveyed due to the action.
Further, the conveyor is a screw conveyor or a belt conveyor.
When equipment for rapid and safe tunnel construction under high ground stress and high geological hazards needs to advance, bolting machines arranged on a rear support are retracted, telescopic rods between a middle support and the rear support are retracted, after the retraction is finished, the bolting machines arranged on the rear support are anchored, the bolting machines of the middle support are retracted, the telescopic rods between the middle support and the rear support are extended, and the telescopic rods between a front support and the middle support are retracted to drive the middle support to move towards the front support; after the movement of the middle support is finished, anchoring all the anchor rod machines of the middle support; the anchor rod machines of the front support are retracted, the telescopic rods between the front support and the middle support are extended, and the cutter head moves forwards, so that the whole advance of the equipment for rapid and safe tunnel construction under high ground stress and high geological hazards is completed.
When equipment for rapid and safe tunnel construction under high ground stress and high geological hazards needs to retreat, bolting machines arranged on a front support are all retracted, telescopic rods between a middle support and the front support are retracted, after retraction is finished, the bolting machines arranged on the front support are all anchored, the bolting machines of the middle support are all retracted, meanwhile, the telescopic rods between the middle support and the front support are extended, and meanwhile, the telescopic rods between a rear support and the middle support are retracted to drive the middle support to move towards the rear support; after the middle support moves, anchoring the anchor rod machine of the middle support; the anchor rod machine of after-poppet withdraws, extends the telescopic link between after-poppet and the well support, and the after-poppet moves backward to the whole of equipment of quick safe tunnel construction under high ground stress high geological hazards has been accomplished and has been retreated.
A method of rapid and safe tunnel construction under high geostress and geological hazards using apparatus for rapid and safe tunnel construction under high geostress and geological hazards, comprising the steps of:
(1) excavating a pilot tunnel: excavating on a working section by using equipment for tunnel construction which is fast and safe under high ground stress and geological hazards, and releasing the ground stress in advance;
(2) advanced consolidation grouting: if geological defects exist in the tunneling process, equipment for tunnel construction under high ground stress and high geological hazards is withdrawn out of the tunnel; driving the shield mechanism into the cavern, and performing consolidation grouting operation in a shield of the shield machine; after consolidation is completed, the shield mechanism retreats out of the tunnel, and the tunnel is continuously driven into the tunnel and tunneled by using equipment for tunnel construction which is fast and safe under high ground stress and high geological hazards;
(3) grouting before plugging: the equipment for tunnel construction which is rapid and safe under high ground stress and geological hazards is utilized to crush and shear the broken rock through the cutter head on the cutter head, and concrete and mortar are poured into the tunnel wall in the tunnel tunneling process to fill up the rock mass defects;
(4) slag conveying and hole discharging: the broken rock ballast is conveyed to the rear part of a rear support of the equipment for quickly and safely constructing the tunnel under the high-ground-stress high-geological hazard by a conveyor of the equipment for quickly and safely constructing the tunnel under the high-ground-stress high-geological hazard, and then is conveyed out of the tunnel by a shuttle type slag transport vehicle;
(5) supporting a steel plate prestressed anchor rod: after the tunnel is excavated by the tunneling machine, a steel plate is laid on the wall of the tunnel at the rear part of a rear support of the device for quickly and safely constructing the tunnel under the conditions of high ground stress and high geological hazards, and the prestressed anchor rod is supported.
Due to the adoption of the technical scheme, the invention has the following beneficial effects: (1) the invention follows the general construction principle of the oversized tunnel, namely short driving of a long tunnel, small driving of a large tunnel and multiple construction branch tunnels. The invention adopts the equipment for rapid and safe tunnel construction under high ground stress and high geological hazards, a pilot tunnel with a small diameter is firstly opened before a large tunnel is excavated, and then full-face excavation is carried out; the small cavern can be formed at one time when being excavated, and the construction speed is relatively high.
(2) Compared with the existing shield machine, the equipment for rapid and safe tunnel construction under high ground stress and high geological hazards, which is adopted by the invention, also has the characteristics of simple process and flexible operation. Because the existing shield machine is huge in size, the shield machine needs to be disassembled into three sections before entering the underground, the three sections are transported into a tunnel through a vertical shaft and then assembled, and after the project is finished, the shield machine also needs to be disassembled into three sections and then pulled out of the tunnel. The equipment for rapid and safe tunnel construction under high ground stress and high geological hazards, which is adopted by the method, adopts the telescopic rod to advance and retreat, and can advance and retreat freely in the excavation process. Therefore, the method is more flexible and convenient in construction technology and easy to operate.
(3) The method adopts small-diameter equipment for rapid and safe tunnel construction under high ground stress and high geological hazards, and can be applied to excavating small-sized grottos. Compared with the existing shield machine, the shield machine has relatively low manufacturing cost and can meet the requirement of engineering economy.
[ description of the drawings ]
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of the apparatus for rapid and safe tunnel construction under high ground stress and geological hazards in accordance with the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the equipment for rapid and safe tunnel construction under high ground stress and geological hazards.
Description of the main elements
| Cutter head 1 | Tool bit 2 | |
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Telescopic rod 8 | Rotating shaft 9 |
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| Rotating bearing 13 |
[ detailed description ] embodiments
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
It should be noted that all the directional indicators (such as up, down, left, right, front, and rear … …) in the embodiment of the present invention are only used to explain the relative position relationship between the components, the movement situation, etc. in a specific posture (as shown in the drawing), and if the specific posture is changed, the directional indicator is changed accordingly.
In addition, the descriptions related to "first", "second", etc. in the present invention are for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. In addition, the meaning of "and/or" appearing throughout is to include three juxtapositions, exemplified by "A and/or B," including either the A or B arrangement, or both A and B satisfied arrangement. In addition, technical solutions between various embodiments may be combined with each other, but must be realized by a person skilled in the art, and when the technical solutions are contradictory or cannot be realized, such a combination should not be considered to exist, and is not within the protection scope of the present invention.
Examples
Referring to fig. 1-2, the equipment for rapid and safe tunnel construction under high ground stress and high geological hazards, which is provided by the invention, comprises a cutter head 1, a plurality of cutter heads 2, a plurality of slag grooves 3, a conveyor 4, a front support 5, a middle support 6, a rear support 7, a telescopic rod 8, a rotating shaft 9, a bolting machine 10, a bolt groove 11, a driving motor 12 and a rotating bearing 13.
The cutter heads 2 are arranged on the surface of the front end of the cutter head 1 in an annular array mode, and the cutter head 1 is fixedly connected with the rotating shaft 9; the plurality of stone slag grooves 3 penetrate through the cutter head 1, one ends of the plurality of stone slag grooves 3 are respectively arranged on the surface of the front end of the cutter head 1 in an annular array mode, the other ends of the plurality of stone slag grooves 3 are arranged at the front end of the conveyor 4 in an annular array mode, and the plurality of stone slag grooves 3 are used for conveying rocks crushed by the cutter head 2 to the conveyor 4; the rotating bearing 13 is rotatably sleeved on the cutter head 1; the rotary bearing 13 is connected with the front bracket 5 through a telescopic rod 8; the front bracket 5, the middle bracket 6 and the rear bracket 7 are rotatably sleeved on the rotating shaft 9; the front bracket 5 is arranged between the middle bracket 6 and the cutter head 1, the middle bracket 6 is arranged between the front bracket 5 and the rear bracket 7, and two sides of the middle bracket 6 are respectively connected with the front bracket 5 and the rear bracket 7 through telescopic rods 8; the driving motor 12 is fixedly connected with the rear support 7, and a motor shaft of the driving motor 12 is fixedly connected with the rotating shaft 9;
the distance from the plurality of cutter heads 2 to the center of the front end surface of the cutter head 1 is larger than the distance from the rear ends of the plurality of slag grooves 3 to the center of the front end surface of the cutter head 1;
one end of the conveyor 4 is arranged at the rear end of the cutter head 1, the other end of the conveyor extends to the rear part of the rear support 7, and the conveyor 4 penetrates through the front support 5, the middle support 6 and the rear support 7 respectively.
The front support 5, the middle support 6 and the rear support 7 are all provided with four anchor rod grooves 11 in an annular shape; a bolting machine 10 is arranged in each bolt groove 11.
When the equipment for rapid and safe tunnel construction under the high ground stress and the high geological hazard is used, the rock of the tunnel is anchored by the bolting machine 10 which is contained in the bolting groove 11 in the front support 5, the middle support 6 and the rear support 7 in the tunnel; starting a driving motor 12 to drive the rotating shaft 9 to rotate; the rotating shaft 9 drives a plurality of cutter heads 2 on the cutter head 1 to rotate to break rocks; the telescopic rod 8 connected with the rotary bearing 13 extends to drive the cutter head 1 to break rock forwards; the crushed rock is transported by a number of ballast chutes 3 to a conveyor 4, where the rock is transported by the conveyor 4 to the rear of a rear support 7.
In the embodiment, the cutter head 1, the front bracket 5, the middle bracket 6 and the rear bracket 7 are all cylindrical;
the plurality of cutter heads 2 are disc-shaped hobs.
In this embodiment, a plurality of ballast grooves 3 are the concave structure, concave structure opening is in 2 one sides of a plurality of tool bits of 1 centre of a circle orientation of blade disc on blade disc 1, and the opening tail end of 3 concave structures in ballast groove inclines to the conveyer front end, and the distance of 3 front ends in a plurality of ballast grooves to the 1 front end surface centre of a circle of blade disc all is greater than the distance of 3 rear ends in a plurality of ballast grooves to the 1 front end surface centre of a circle of blade disc, 3 rear end concave structure openings in a plurality of ballast grooves are 4 front ends dorsad, when making a plurality of ballast grooves 3 follow the rotation of blade disc 1 to conveyer 4 front end top, the rock can fall into and transport on the conveyer 4 because of the effect of gravity.
In the present embodiment, the diameter of the cutterhead 1 is 2.5m to 4m, and the diameters of the front bracket 5, the middle bracket 6 and the rear bracket 7 are the same and are all smaller than the diameter of the cutterhead.
In the present embodiment, the drive motor 12 is a low-speed high-torque outer rotor permanent magnet synchronous motor.
In this embodiment, the plurality of cutter heads 2 are divided into three cutter heads 2 and are annularly arranged on the surface of the front end of the cutter head 1, and each cutter head 2 is correspondingly provided with a slag groove 3.
In this embodiment, the telescopic rod 8 is a telescopic hydraulic cylinder.
When equipment for rapid and safe tunnel construction under high ground stress and high geological hazards needs to advance, the bolting machines 10 arranged on the rear support 7 are all retracted, the telescopic rods 8 between the middle support 6 and the rear support 7 are retracted, the bolting machines 10 arranged on the rear support 7 are all anchored after the retraction is finished, the bolting machines 10 of the middle support 6 are retracted, the telescopic rods 8 between the middle support 6 and the rear support 7 are extended, and the telescopic rods 8 between the front support 5 and the middle support 6 are retracted to drive the middle support 6 to move towards the front support 5; after the movement of the middle support 6 is finished, anchoring all the bolting machines 10 of the middle support 6; the anchor rod machines 10 of the front support 5 are retracted, the telescopic rods 8 between the front support 5 and the middle support 6 are extended, and the cutter head 1 moves forwards, so that the whole of the equipment for tunnel construction which is rapid and safe under the high ground stress and high geological hazards is completed.
When equipment for rapid and safe tunnel construction under high ground stress and high geological hazards needs to retreat, the bolting machines 10 arranged on the front support 5 are all retracted, the telescopic rods 8 between the middle support 6 and the front support 5 are retracted, the bolting machines 10 arranged on the front support 5 are all anchored after the retraction is finished, the bolting machines 10 of the middle support 6 are all retracted, the telescopic rods 8 between the middle support 6 and the front support 5 are extended, and the telescopic rods 8 between the rear support 7 and the middle support 6 are retracted to drive the middle support 6 to move towards the rear support 7; after the middle support 6 is moved, anchoring the bolting machine 10 of the middle support 6; the anchor rod machine 10 of the rear support 7 is retracted, the telescopic rods 8 between the rear support 7 and the middle support 6 are extended, and the rear support 7 moves backwards, so that the whole device for tunnel construction is quickly and safely retreated under the conditions of high ground stress and high geological hazards.
A method of rapid and safe tunnel construction under high geostress and geological hazards using apparatus for rapid and safe tunnel construction under high geostress and geological hazards, comprising the steps of:
(1) excavating a pilot tunnel: excavating on a working section by using equipment for tunnel construction which is fast and safe under high ground stress and geological hazards, and releasing the ground stress in advance;
(2) advanced consolidation grouting: if geological defects exist in the tunneling process, equipment for tunnel construction under high ground stress and high geological hazards is withdrawn out of the tunnel; driving the shield mechanism into the cavern, and performing consolidation grouting operation in a shield of the shield machine; after consolidation is completed, the shield mechanism retreats out of the tunnel, and the tunnel is continuously driven into the tunnel and tunneled by using equipment for tunnel construction which is fast and safe under high ground stress and high geological hazards;
(3) grouting before plugging: the equipment for tunnel construction which is rapid and safe under high ground stress and geological hazards is utilized to crush and shear broken rocks through a plurality of cutter heads 2 on a cutter head 1, and concrete and mortar are poured into the tunnel wall in the tunnel tunneling process to fill up the defects of rock masses;
(4) slag conveying and hole discharging: the broken rock ballast is conveyed out of the tunnel by a conveyer 4 of the equipment for rapid and safe tunnel construction under high ground stress and high geological hazards and then conveyed to the rear part of a rear bracket 7 of the equipment for rapid and safe tunnel construction under high ground stress and high geological hazards by a shuttle type slag conveying vehicle;
(5) supporting a steel plate prestressed anchor rod: after the tunnel is excavated by the tunneling machine, a steel plate is laid on the wall of the tunnel at the rear part of a rear support 7 of the equipment for quickly and safely constructing the tunnel under the conditions of high ground stress and high geological hazards, and the prestressed anchor rod is supported.
In this embodiment, the shield machine model is CREC 015.
Although the invention has been described in detail hereinabove with respect to a general description and specific embodiments thereof, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that modifications or improvements may be made thereto based on the invention. Accordingly, such modifications and improvements are intended to be within the scope of the invention as claimed.
Claims (8)
1. A device for rapid and safe tunnel construction under high ground stress and high geological hazards is characterized by comprising a cutter head, a plurality of cutter heads, a plurality of slag grooves, a conveyor, a front support, a middle support, a rear support, a telescopic rod, a rotating shaft, an anchor rod machine, an anchor rod groove, a driving motor and a rotating bearing;
the cutter heads are arranged on the surface of the front end of the cutter head in an annular array mode, and the cutter head is fixedly connected with the rotating shaft; the rock slag grooves penetrate through the cutter head, one ends of the rock slag grooves are respectively arranged on the surface of the front end of the cutter head in an annular array mode, the other ends of the rock slag grooves are arranged at the front end of the conveyor in an annular array mode, and the rock slag grooves are used for conveying rocks crushed by the cutter head to the conveyor; the rotating bearing is rotatably sleeved on the cutter head; the rotary bearing is connected with the front bracket through a telescopic rod; the front bracket, the middle bracket and the rear bracket are rotatably sleeved on the rotating shaft; the front bracket is arranged between the middle bracket and the cutter head, the middle bracket is arranged between the front bracket and the rear bracket, and two sides of the middle bracket are respectively connected with the front bracket and the rear bracket through telescopic rods; the driving motor is fixedly connected with the rear support, and a motor shaft of the driving motor is fixedly connected with the rotating shaft;
the distance from the plurality of cutter heads to the center of the circle of the surface of the front end of the cutter head is larger than the distance from the plurality of slag grooves to the center of the circle of the surface of the front end of the cutter head;
one end of the conveyor is arranged at the rear end of the cutter head, and the other end of the conveyor extends to the rear part of the rear bracket;
the front support, the middle support and the rear support are all annularly provided with four anchor rod grooves; an anchor rod machine is arranged in each anchor rod groove.
2. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the plurality of cutters are annularly arranged on the front end surface of the cutter head in a group of three cutters, and each group of cutters is correspondingly provided with a ballast groove.
3. The apparatus for rapid and safe tunnel construction under high ground stress and geological hazards as claimed in claim 1 wherein the cutterhead, the front bracket, the middle bracket and the rear bracket are all cylindrical.
4. The apparatus for rapid and safe tunnel construction under high ground stress and geological hazards as claimed in claim 1 wherein the plurality of cutter heads are disk hobs.
5. The apparatus for rapid and safe tunnel construction under high ground stress and high geological hazards as claimed in claim 1 wherein the conveyor is a screw conveyor or a belt conveyor.
6. The apparatus for rapid and safe tunnel construction under high ground stress and geological hazards as recited in claim 1, wherein the driving motor is a low speed high torque outer rotor permanent magnet synchronous motor.
7. The apparatus for rapid and safe tunnel construction under high ground stress and high geological hazard according to any one of claims 1-5, wherein the diameter of the cutterhead is 2.5m to 4m, and the diameters of the front support, the middle support and the rear support are the same and are all smaller than the diameter of the cutterhead.
8. A method of rapid and safe tunnel construction under high geostress and geological hazards using apparatus for rapid and safe tunnel construction under high geostress and geological hazards, comprising the steps of:
(1) excavating a pilot tunnel: excavating on a working section by using equipment for tunnel construction which is fast and safe under high ground stress and geological hazards, and releasing the ground stress in advance;
(2) advanced consolidation grouting: if geological defects exist in the tunneling process, equipment for tunnel construction under high ground stress and high geological hazards is withdrawn out of the tunnel; driving the shield mechanism into the cavern, and performing consolidation grouting operation in a shield of the shield machine; after consolidation is completed, the shield mechanism retreats out of the tunnel, and the tunnel is continuously driven into the tunnel and tunneled by using equipment for tunnel construction which is fast and safe under high ground stress and high geological hazards;
(3) grouting before plugging: the equipment for tunnel construction which is rapid and safe under high ground stress and geological hazards is utilized to crush and shear the broken rock through the cutter head on the cutter head, and concrete and mortar are poured into the tunnel wall in the tunnel tunneling process to fill up the rock mass defects;
(4) slag conveying and hole discharging: the broken rock ballast is conveyed to the rear part of a rear support of the equipment for quickly and safely constructing the tunnel under the high-ground-stress high-geological hazard by a conveyor of the equipment for quickly and safely constructing the tunnel under the high-ground-stress high-geological hazard, and then is conveyed out of the tunnel by a shuttle type slag transport vehicle;
(5) supporting a steel plate prestressed anchor rod: after the tunnel is excavated by the tunneling machine, a steel plate is laid on the wall of the tunnel at the rear part of a rear support of the device for quickly and safely constructing the tunnel under the conditions of high ground stress and high geological hazards, and the prestressed anchor rod is supported.
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111638200A (en) * | 2020-04-22 | 2020-09-08 | 山东大学 | Geological forecasting system and method based on Raman spectrum analysis |
| CN114278320A (en) * | 2021-12-28 | 2022-04-05 | 安徽唐兴装备科技股份有限公司 | Push bench for establishing support in coal mine tunnel |
-
2019
- 2019-12-11 CN CN201911265490.7A patent/CN110836118A/en active Pending
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111638200A (en) * | 2020-04-22 | 2020-09-08 | 山东大学 | Geological forecasting system and method based on Raman spectrum analysis |
| CN111638200B (en) * | 2020-04-22 | 2021-11-23 | 山东大学 | Geological forecasting system and method based on Raman spectrum analysis |
| CN114278320A (en) * | 2021-12-28 | 2022-04-05 | 安徽唐兴装备科技股份有限公司 | Push bench for establishing support in coal mine tunnel |
| CN114278320B (en) * | 2021-12-28 | 2024-03-19 | 安徽唐兴装备科技股份有限公司 | Push bench for establishing support in coal mine tunnel |
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