CN218025376U

CN218025376U - Rotary cap pulling mechanism

Info

Publication number: CN218025376U
Application number: CN202222212531.XU
Authority: CN
Inventors: 潘颖; 刘霜; 唐勇; 罗帅; 康跃; 严梵
Original assignee: Chengdu Weikang Biotechnology Co ltd; Sichuan Weikang Park Lan Medical Technology Co ltd
Current assignee: Chengdu Weikang Biotechnology Co ltd; Sichuan Weikang Park Lan Medical Technology Co ltd
Priority date: 2022-08-22
Filing date: 2022-08-22
Publication date: 2022-12-13
Anticipated expiration: 2032-08-22

Abstract

The utility model discloses a rotary cap pulling mechanism, which comprises a cap pulling bottom plate, wherein the cap pulling bottom plate is supported and positioned through a cap pulling bottom plate mounting column, a rotary cap pulling part is arranged on the cap pulling bottom plate, the cap pulling bottom plate is supported and positioned, the rotary cap pulling part comprises a connecting shaft motor, the connecting shaft motor is started to generate a rotating step angle to drive a first shaft to press a tight test tube, a speed reducing motor is arranged to act on a driving wheel, and the driving wheel drives the test tube to rotate under the action of rotating friction force; the rotary cap pulling mechanism comprises a mechanical arm, and the mechanical arm picks or places the test tube cap of the test tube in the rotary process. The utility model discloses through rotatory the test tube in advance before the lid is torn open in the automation, become rolling friction with original sliding friction, reduced the frictional force between test tube body and the lid to the different test tubes of reply that can be fine carry out effectual tearing open the lid.

Description

Rotary cap pulling mechanism

Technical Field

The utility model relates to the technical field of medical equipment, concretely relates to rotatory mechanism of pulling out lid.

Background

The microfluidic reagent disk is a system for controlling the flow of fluid with a tiny volume in a tiny channel, and can realize the preparation, reaction, separation and the like of a sample and a reagent through capillary action, centrifugation and other modes. The immunofluorescence cytochemistry is based on the principle of antigen-antibody reaction, firstly, the known antigen or antibody is marked with fluorescein to prepare a fluorescent marker, and then the fluorescent antibody (or antigen) is used as a molecular probe to examine the corresponding antigen (or antibody) in cells or tissues. The antigen-antibody complex formed in the cell or tissue contains fluorescein, which is irradiated by excitation light, the fluorescein emits bright fluorescence (yellow green or orange red) under the irradiation of the excitation light, and the cell or tissue where the fluorescence is located can be seen, so that the nature and location of the antigen or antibody can be determined, and the concentration of the substance to be detected can be determined by measuring the fluorescence intensity by using a quantitative technology. In the reaction process of the microfluidic reagent disk, the chip needs to be incubated, and the fixed temperature is kept to ensure the consistency of the reaction. The microfluidic reagent disk needs to be tested and operated according to a certain flow, needs to rotate at 5500rpm/min for centrifugation, and performs liquid distribution and the like through 3000rpm rotation. In the testing process, after the stepping motor drives the stepping motor to rotate to a special position, the in-out bin motor moves back and forth and is matched with light path light flicker for detection. In the prior art, in the process of automatically detecting the uniformly mixed test solution, the soft plug of the test tube cover body and the outer rubber shell of the cover body are not firmly matched, and the soft plug of the cover body and the outer rubber shell of the cover body are separated when the cover is automatically removed; and the lid of test tube lid and the process of pulling out the lid are sliding friction, and the frictional force between test tube body and the lid is great, leads to the lid easily and pulls out the misoperation of lid.

The invention patent application with the application number of CN201710336634.8 discloses an automatic mixing and cover pulling device for sample injection bottles, which comprises a test tube rack and at least two support columns arranged in parallel, wherein mounting holes are uniformly distributed in the test tube rack, the mounting holes penetrate through the test tube rack, fixing claws for fixing the sample injection bottles are arranged in the mounting holes, the bottoms of the fixing claws are connected with motors, the motors are connected with bearing plates, and the bottoms of the bearing plates are connected with lifting devices; the test tube rack is characterized in that through holes are formed in the support columns, the through holes are located in the upper portions of the support columns, vent plates are arranged between the support columns, two ends of each vent plate are in rolling connection with the through holes, the vent plates are located right above the test tube rack, suction holes corresponding to the placement holes are formed in the bottom surfaces of the vent plates, air tubes are connected to the center holes of one ends of the vent plates, and air channels communicated with the suction holes and the air tubes are formed in the vent plates; the other end of the air pipe is connected with a vacuum system. This scheme is through setting up test-tube rack, stationary dog, motor etc. through mutually supporting between each article, has realized once only mixing and the work of pulling out the lid to big batch sample bottle. But in the cap pulling process of this scheme, the friction between test tube body and the lid still is sliding friction, is unfavorable for automatic test tube cap pulling's test operation.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

The invention of the utility model aims at providing a rotary cap-pulling mechanism aiming at the existing problems, which comprises a cap-pulling bottom plate, wherein the cap-pulling bottom plate is supported and positioned by a cap-pulling bottom plate mounting column, the cap-pulling bottom plate is provided with a rotary cap-pulling part, the cap-pulling bottom plate is supported and positioned by the rotary cap-pulling part, the rotary cap-pulling part comprises a connecting shaft motor, the connecting shaft motor is started to generate a rotating step angle to drive a first shaft to press a tight test tube, a speed reduction motor is arranged to act on a driving wheel, and the driving wheel drives the test tube to rotate under the action of rotating friction force; the rotary cap pulling mechanism comprises a mechanical arm, and the mechanical arm picks or places a test tube cap of a test tube in the rotary process. The utility model discloses through rotatory the test tube in advance before the lid is torn open in the automation, become rolling friction with original sliding friction, reduced the frictional force between test tube body and the lid to the different test tubes of reply that can be fine carry out effectual tearing open the lid.

The utility model adopts the technical scheme as follows:

the utility model discloses an including the uncapping bottom plate, the uncapping bottom plate supports the location through the uncapping bottom plate erection column, be provided with rotatory cap parts that pull out on the uncapping bottom plate, uncapping bottom plate supports the location rotatory cap parts that pull out, rotatory cap parts that pull out include the connecting axle motor, the connecting axle motor starts, produces the rotation step angle and drives the tight test tube of first axle pressure, sets up gear motor and acts on the drive wheel, and the drive wheel drives the test tube rotation under the effect of rotational friction; the rotary cap pulling mechanism comprises a mechanical arm, and the mechanical arm picks or places a test tube cap of a test tube in the rotary process.

Furthermore, a through screw rod shaft motor is adopted as the connecting shaft motor, and a speed reduction motor controls the rotating speed of the test tube and converts the sliding friction generated by connection or falling off of the test tube cover into rolling friction; the first bearing is in pressure connection with the position of the test tube by adopting a rubber-coated first bearing, and the driving wheel is a rubber-coated wheel.

Further, rotatory part of pulling out the lid includes test tube motor fixed plate, takes shoulder guiding axle, test tube motor connecting plate, compression spring, pinch roller mounting panel, spring washer, drive wheel, first bearing, driven shaft, hugs closely a mounting panel, test-tube rack backup pad and hugs closely advance and retreat separation blade, and the connecting axle motor promotes test tube motor fixed plate, takes shoulder guiding axle, test tube motor connecting plate, compression spring, pinch roller mounting panel, spring washer, drive wheel, first bearing, driven shaft, hugs closely a mounting panel, test-tube rack backup pad and hugs closely advance and retreat separation blade carry motion and fasten the test tube location.

Furthermore, a test tube motor fixing plate is arranged on the uncapping bottom plate, and a connecting shaft motor is fixed through the test tube motor fixing plate; the uncapping bottom plate is provided with a first groove-shaped optocoupler, a second groove-shaped optocoupler and a diffuse reflection optocoupler, the first groove-shaped optocoupler is reset photoelectric, the second groove-shaped optocoupler and the diffuse reflection optocoupler are used for detecting whether a test tube has photoelectric detection, the clasping advance and retreat separation blade resets and triggers the first groove-shaped optocoupler, and the clasping advance and retreat separation blade stops retreating to reach the original point position of the rotary cover pulling mechanism; the equipment power-on self-checking connecting shaft motor drives the clasping advance and retreat separation blade to reciprocate twice, the second groove type optocoupler and the diffuse reflection optocoupler are detected twice without trigger signals, no test tube is arranged in the feedback rotary cover pulling mechanism, and the connecting shaft motor stops after moving and resetting to the original point position to perform the next action.

Further, one side of test tube motor fixed plate sets up area shoulder guiding axle, test tube motor connecting plate and compression spring connecting band shoulder guiding axle and hold a mounting panel tightly, convert the effort of connecting axle motor into the spring force and compress tightly the test tube.

Furthermore, a pinch roller mounting plate is arranged on one side of the compression spring and is a connecting piece of adjacent rotary cover-pulling parts; one side of pinch roller mounting panel sets up spring washer, and spring washer's below is first bearing, and first bearing compresses tightly the test tube and rotates with the test tube synchronization, and the dry friction that produces when restriction test tube rotates.

Furthermore, a driven shaft is arranged below the first bearing to fix the first bearing, and a speed reduction motor, a coupler, a second bearing and a bearing sleeve for fixing the second bearing are arranged on one side of the first bearing; the speed reducing motor is fixedly installed through the motor installation plate, the wheels are driven to rotate, and the force of the speed reducing motor is transmitted through the coupler.

Further, the test tube includes long test tube and short test tube, fixes a position long test tube and short test tube and direction through the test tube fixed block, the below of test tube sets up the test tube tray and prevents the test tube whereabouts, and one side of test tube tray sets up the test tube clamping block, and fixed rotation pulls out the action wheel of covering spare part, and one side of the fixed clamping block of test tube is provided with the driven shaft and holds a mounting panel tightly, first cell type opto-coupler and second cell type opto-coupler are installed on holding a mounting panel tightly.

Further, including the test-tube rack backup pad connection in the rotatory mechanism of covering of pulling out rotatory cover spare part of pulling out sets up and holds the reset position that advance and retreat separation blade induced the second cell type opto-coupler for rotatory mechanism of pulling out the cover, responds to first cell type opto-coupler feedback and detects test tube position.

Furthermore, the connecting shaft motor pushes the rotary cover-pulling part through the linear guide rail to limit the running track of the connecting shaft motor; a cylindrical pin is arranged to position the connecting shaft motor and provide a motor lateral force; and an oilless bushing is arranged to form the operation guide of the connecting shaft motor.

Further, rotatory mechanism of pulling out the lid starts, and the reciprocal twice motion of connecting axle motor holds tightly and advances to move back the separation blade and trigger first cell type opto-coupler and diffuse reflection opto-coupler twice, detects in the test tube fixed block and whether the lower part space has the test tube.

The technical effects of the utility model are as follows:

the utility model discloses a rotatory mechanism of pulling out lid will automize effectively and tear the lid process optimization open, will tear open the slip friction that the lid was poor born and become rolling friction, reduced the frictional force between test tube body and the lid.

The method comprises the following specific steps:

1. the utility model has simple structure, realizes the rotation of the rotated object through the friction force, and greatly saves the structure;

2. the utility model discloses it is comparatively simple and convenient on fixed mode, adopt the mode of non-fastening to press from both sides tight lid, become rolling friction with sliding friction, reduced the frictional force between test tube body and the lid to the different test tubes of reply that can be fine carry out effectual tearing open the lid.

3. The utility model discloses a two driven bearing structures have automatic righting, centering function.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a side sectional view of the present invention;

fig. 2 is a top view of the present invention;

fig. 3 is an isometric view of the present invention;

the labels in the figure are: 1-uncapping bottom plate, 2-uncapping bottom plate mounting column, 3-connecting shaft motor, 4-test tube motor fixing plate, 5-shouldered guide shaft, 6-test tube motor connecting plate, 7-compression spring, 8-pinch roller mounting plate, 9-spring washer, 10-reduction motor, 11-coupler, 12-driving wheel, 13-first bearing, 14-second bearing, 15-bearing sleeve, 16-gasket, 17-test tube supporting block, 18-test tube fixing clamping block, 19-driven shaft, 20-enclasping block mounting plate, 21-enclasping optocoupler mounting plate, 22-test tube rack supporting plate, 23-enclasping advancing and retreating baffle, 24-linear guide rail, 25-cylindrical pin, 26-oilless bush, 27-diffuse reflection optocoupler, 28-test tube fixing block, 29-motor mounting plate, 30-first slot optocoupler, 31-second slot optocoupler, 32-long test tube, 33-short test tube.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

In this embodiment, the adopted data is a preferred scheme, but is not used to limit the present invention;

example 1

As shown in fig. 1 to 3, the present embodiment provides a test tube assembly that includes a decapping base plate, the decapping base plate is supported and positioned by decapping base plate mounting posts, a rotary cap-pulling component is disposed on the decapping base plate, the decapping base plate supports and positions the rotary cap-pulling component, the rotary cap-pulling component includes a connecting shaft motor, the connecting shaft motor is started to generate a rotation step angle to drive a first bearing to press a test tube tightly, a decelerating motor is disposed to act on a driving wheel, and the driving wheel drives the test tube to rotate under the action of rotational friction force; the rotary cap pulling mechanism comprises a mechanical arm, and the mechanical arm picks or places a test tube cap of a test tube in the rotary process.

In this embodiment, rotatory pull out and cover spare part includes test tube motor fixed plate, takes shoulder guiding axle, test tube motor connecting plate, compression spring, pinch roller mounting panel, spring washer, drive wheel, first bearing, driven shaft, holds a mounting panel, test-tube rack backup pad and holds advance and retreat separation blade tightly, and the connecting axle motor promotes test tube motor fixed plate, takes shoulder guiding axle, test tube motor connecting plate, compression spring, pinch roller mounting panel, spring washer, drive wheel, first bearing, driven shaft, holds a mounting panel, test-tube rack backup pad and holds advance and retreat separation blade carry motion tightly with test tube location fastening.

In this embodiment, one side of test tube motor fixed plate sets up area shoulder guiding axle, test tube motor connecting plate and compression spring connecting band shoulder guiding axle and hold a mounting panel tightly, with the effort of connecting axle motor, be about to the effort that the motor directly compressed tightly and convert the spring force into and compress tightly the test tube.

In this embodiment, a pressing wheel mounting plate is arranged on one side of the compression spring, and the pressing wheel mounting plate is a connecting piece for adjacent rotary cover-pulling parts; one side of pinch roller mounting panel sets up spring washer, preferably, spring washer adopts standard type spring washer, and spring washer's below is first bearing, and first bearing compresses tightly the test tube and rotates with the test tube synchronization, and the dry friction that produces when the restriction test tube rotates.

In the embodiment, a driven shaft is arranged below the first bearing to fix the first bearing, and a speed reduction motor, a coupler, a second bearing and a bearing sleeve for fixing the second bearing are arranged on one side of the first bearing; the lower end of the coupler sleeve is sleeved in the second bearing, the speed reducing motor is fixedly installed through the motor installation plate, the wheels are driven to rotate, and the force of the speed reducing motor is transmitted through the coupler.

In this embodiment, the test tube includes long test tube and short test tube, preferably, in this embodiment, long test tube and short test tube do not use jointly, and the figure shows that can all use in this mechanism for explaining long test tube and short test tube, through test tube fixed block with test tube location and direction, the below of test tube sets up the test tube tray and prevents the test tube whereabouts, and one side of test tube tray sets up the fixed clamp splice of test tube, fixed rotatory action wheel of pulling out cover spare part, one side of the fixed clamp splice of test tube is provided with the driven shaft and holds a mounting panel tightly, first cell type opto-coupler and second cell type opto-coupler are installed on holding a mounting panel tightly.

In this embodiment, further, the connecting shaft motor pushes the rotary cover-pulling component through the linear guide rail, so as to limit the running track of the connecting shaft motor; a cylindrical pin is arranged to position the connecting shaft motor, preferably, a cylindrical pin with the diameter of 4 multiplied by 12 is adopted, so that the lateral force and the positioning precision of the motor are improved; and an oilless bushing is arranged to form the operation guide of the connecting shaft motor.

Example 2

The embodiment provides a rotary cap pulling mechanism which comprises a cap pulling bottom plate, wherein the cap pulling bottom plate is supported and positioned through a cap pulling bottom plate mounting column, a rotary cap pulling part is arranged on the cap pulling bottom plate, the cap pulling bottom plate supports and positions the rotary cap pulling part, the rotary cap pulling part comprises a connecting shaft motor, the connecting shaft motor is started to generate a rotating step angle to drive a first shaft to press a tight test tube, a speed reducing motor is arranged to act on a driving wheel, and the driving wheel drives the test tube to rotate under the action of rotating friction; the rotary cap pulling mechanism comprises a mechanical arm, and the mechanical arm picks or places a test tube cap of a test tube in the rotary process.

In the embodiment, a test tube motor fixing plate is arranged on the uncapping bottom plate, and a connecting shaft motor is fixed through the test tube motor fixing plate; the uncapping bottom plate is provided with a first groove-shaped optocoupler, a second groove-shaped optocoupler and a diffuse reflection optocoupler, the first groove-shaped optocoupler is reset photoelectric, the second groove-shaped optocoupler and the diffuse reflection optocoupler are used for detecting whether a test tube has photoelectric detection, the clasping advance and retreat separation blade resets and triggers the first groove-shaped optocoupler, and the clasping advance and retreat separation blade stops retreating to reach the original point position of the rotary cover pulling mechanism; the equipment power-on self-checking connecting shaft motor drives the clasping advance and retreat separation blade to reciprocate twice, the second groove type optocoupler and the diffuse reflection optocoupler are detected twice without trigger signals, no test tube is arranged in the feedback rotary cover pulling mechanism, and the connecting shaft motor stops after moving and resetting to the original point position to perform the next action. Further, the original position is a position where the holding advance and retreat blocking piece triggers the first groove-shaped optocoupler, and the next action is that the mechanical arm grabs the test tube and puts the test tube into the rotary cover pulling mechanism.

In this embodiment, when the mechanism starts, the connecting shaft motor makes a round trip twice motion, detects in the test tube fixed block and the lower part space has or not the test tube. When the first groove-shaped optocoupler and the diffuse reflection optocoupler are triggered by the holding in and out of the blocking piece twice and are not triggered, the device judges that no test tube exists at the position, and can perform the next action; otherwise, the equipment gives an alarm to prompt and the detection is stopped.

Further, after the mechanism judges that no test tube exists, the connecting shaft motor moves backwards, and the holding advance and retreat blocking piece triggers the second groove type optocoupler to reset successfully. Then in the arm snatch mixing subassembly clip place the test tube the downthehole of detecting the test tube fixed block, after the test tube that compresses tightly that the certain step angle of connecting axle motor start-up rotated first bearing, the connecting axle motor stopped. Further, the speed reduction motor drives the driving wheel to rotate, and the generated rolling friction force drives the test tube assembly to rotate; snatch mixing subassembly clip in test tube subassembly rotation process and pull out the plug in the test tube subassembly. After pulling out the lid and accomplishing, after the sample in the test tube glass pipe was absorb to the application of sample arm subassembly in the arm, gear motor drove the drive wheel and rotates, and the drive wheel drives glass test tube in the test tube subassembly in step and rotates, snatchs the lid that mixing subassembly clip will originally extract at the rotatory in-process of glass test tube and covers back the glass test tube. After the cover is finished, the clamp puts the test tube assembly back into the test tube rack at the original position.

The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and should not be taken as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalent replacements, and improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A rotary cap pulling mechanism comprises a cap pulling bottom plate (1), wherein the cap pulling bottom plate (1) is supported and positioned through a cap pulling bottom plate mounting column (2), a rotary cap pulling part is arranged on the cap pulling bottom plate (1), and the cap pulling bottom plate (1) is supported and positioned with the rotary cap pulling part; the rotary cap pulling mechanism comprises a mechanical arm, and the mechanical arm picks or places a test tube cap of a test tube in the rotary process.

2. The rotary cap pulling mechanism according to claim 1, wherein the rotary cap pulling parts comprise a test tube motor fixing plate (4), a shouldered guide shaft (5), a test tube motor connecting plate (6), a compression spring (7), a pinch roller mounting plate (8), a spring washer (9), a driving wheel (12), a first bearing (13), a driven shaft (19), a holding block mounting plate (20), a test tube rack supporting plate (22) and holding advance and retreat blocking pieces (23), and the connecting shaft motor (3) pushes the test tube motor fixing plate (4), the shouldered guide shaft (5), the test tube motor connecting plate (6), the compression spring (7), the pinch roller mounting plate (8), the spring washer (9), the driving wheel (12), the first bearing (13), the driven shaft (19), the holding block mounting plate (20), the test tube rack supporting plate (22) and the holding advance and retreat blocking pieces (23) to position and fasten test tubes.

3. The rotary cap pulling mechanism according to claim 2, wherein the cap removing base plate (1) is provided with a test tube motor fixing plate (4), and the connecting shaft motor (3) is fixed through the test tube motor fixing plate (4); a first groove-shaped optical coupler (30), a second groove-shaped optical coupler (31) and a diffuse reflection optical coupler (27) are arranged on the uncapping bottom plate (1), the first groove-shaped optical coupler (30) is reset photoelectric, the second groove-shaped optical coupler (31) and the diffuse reflection optical coupler (27) are used for detecting whether the test tube has photoelectric detection or not, the first groove-shaped optical coupler (30) is triggered by resetting of the holding forward and backward movement blocking piece (23), and the holding forward and backward movement blocking piece (23) stops retreating to reach the original point position of the rotary cover pulling mechanism; the equipment power-on self-checking connecting shaft motor (3) drives the clasping advance and retreat blocking piece (23) to reciprocate twice, no trigger signal is detected for twice by the second groove-shaped optocoupler (31) and the diffuse reflection optocoupler (27), no test tube is arranged in the feedback rotary cover pulling mechanism, and the connecting shaft motor (3) stops after moving to an original point position to perform the next action.

4. The rotary cap pulling mechanism according to claim 3, wherein one side of the test tube motor fixing plate (4) is provided with a shoulder guide shaft (5), a test tube motor connecting plate (6) and a compression spring (7), the test tube motor connecting plate (6) and the compression spring (7) are connected with the shoulder guide shaft (5) and a clasping block mounting plate (20), and the acting force of the connecting shaft motor (3) is converted into a spring force to compress the test tube.

5. The rotary cover pulling mechanism according to claim 4, characterized in that one side of the compression spring (7) is provided with a pinch roller mounting plate (8), and the pinch roller mounting plate (8) is a connecting piece of adjacent rotary cover pulling parts; one side of pinch roller mounting panel (8) sets up spring washer (9), and the below of spring washer (9) is first bearing (13), and first bearing (13) compress tightly the test tube and rotate in step with the test tube, the dry friction that produces when the restriction test tube rotates.

6. The rotary cap pulling mechanism is characterized in that a driven shaft (19) is arranged below the first bearing (13) to fix the first bearing (13), and a speed reducing motor (10), a coupler (11), a second bearing (14) and a bearing sleeve for fixing the second bearing (14) are arranged on one side of the first bearing (13); the speed reducing motor (10) is fixedly installed through the motor installation plate (29), the wheels are driven to rotate, and the force of the speed reducing motor (10) is transmitted through the coupler (11).

7. The rotary cap pulling mechanism according to claim 6, wherein the test tube comprises a long test tube (32) and a short test tube (33), the long test tube (32) and the short test tube (33) are positioned and guided by a test tube fixing block (28), a test tube supporting block (17) is arranged below the test tube to prevent the test tube from falling, a test tube fixing clamping block (18) is arranged on one side of the test tube supporting block (17), a driving wheel of a part is fixedly and rotatably pulled out, a driven shaft (19) and a holding block mounting plate (20) are arranged on one side of the test tube fixing clamping block (18), and a first groove-shaped optical coupler (30) and a second groove-shaped optical coupler (31) are arranged on the holding block mounting plate (20).

8. The rotary cap pulling mechanism according to claim 7, characterized in that a test tube rack support plate (22) is included in the rotary cap pulling mechanism to connect the rotary cap pulling parts, a holding advance and retreat blocking piece (23) is arranged to sense that the second groove-shaped optical coupler (31) is a reset position of the rotary cap pulling mechanism, and the first groove-shaped optical coupler (30) is used for sensing the position of a test tube in a feedback manner.

9. The rotary cap pulling mechanism according to claim 8, wherein the connecting shaft motor (3) pushes the rotary cap pulling component through the linear guide rail (24) to limit the running track of the connecting shaft motor (3); a cylindrical pin (25) is arranged to position the connecting shaft motor (3) and provide a motor lateral force; an oilless bush (26) is arranged to form the running guide of the connecting shaft motor (3).

10. The cover rotating and pulling mechanism according to claim 9, wherein the cover rotating and pulling mechanism is started, the connecting shaft motor (3) reciprocates twice, the advancing and retreating blocking piece (23) is tightly held to trigger the first grooved optocoupler (30) and the diffuse reflection optocoupler (27) twice, and the test tube is detected in the middle and lower space of the test tube fixing block (28).