CN218013368U

CN218013368U - Multi-stage electric dust remover

Info

Publication number: CN218013368U
Application number: CN202222332651.3U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 鲁亮; 刘丽; 李加旺; 郝景章
Original assignee: Capital Engineering & Research Inc Ltd
Current assignee: Capital Engineering & Research Inc Ltd
Priority date: 2022-09-02
Filing date: 2022-09-02
Publication date: 2022-12-13
Anticipated expiration: 2032-09-02

Abstract

The utility model provides a multistage electrostatic precipitator relates to dust collecting equipment technical field, and this multistage electrostatic precipitator includes: a hollow housing having a smoke inlet and a smoke outlet; the anode structures are arranged in the shell between the smoke inlet and the smoke outlet at intervals, each anode structure comprises an anode screen plate, and the pore diameters of the anode screen plates are gradually reduced along the direction from the smoke inlet to the smoke outlet; and the cathode structures are respectively arranged on the sides of the anode structures, and the cathode structures and the anode structures are matched to form a dust catching electric field. Multistage electrostatic precipitator can reduce the dust escape in order to improve dust removal effect through a plurality of dirt electric fields of catching.

Description

Multi-stage electric dust remover

Technical Field

The utility model relates to a dust collecting equipment technical field, in particular to multistage electrostatic precipitator.

Background

In the steel production process, a large amount of dust-containing flue gas is generated and needs to be discharged after dust removal so as to reduce air pollution. The particle size distribution range of the flue gas dust in the steel production process is wide and is between hundreds of micrometers and several micrometers. Wherein, for the dust-containing flue gas with large moisture content, especially the dust-containing flue gas containing mechanical water, a plate-line type wet dust collector is mostly adopted for dust removal operation. However, in the prior art, the flue gas inlet direction and the flue gas outlet direction of the pipelined wet dust collector are perpendicular to each other, and when flue gas enters the dust collector from the flue gas inlet, the flue gas needs to be diverted and then discharged from the flue gas outlet, so that turbulent flow is easily generated in the movement process of the flue gas between the flue gas inlet and the flue gas outlet, and part of dust (especially fine dust which is not easy to charge) can be entrained by flue gas flow under the action of the turbulent flow, thereby generating the dust escape phenomenon and reducing the dust collection effect of the dust collector.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

In order to overcome the above defect of the prior art, the embodiment of the utility model provides a technical problem that will solve provides a multistage electrostatic precipitator for reduce the dust escape in order to improve dust removal effect.

The above object of the present invention can be achieved by the following technical solutions, the present invention provides a multistage electric dust removing device, including:

a hollow housing having a smoke inlet and a smoke outlet;

the anode structures are arranged in the shell between the smoke inlet and the smoke outlet at intervals, each anode structure comprises an anode screen plate, and the aperture of each anode screen plate is gradually reduced along the direction from the smoke inlet to the smoke outlet;

and the cathode structures are respectively arranged on the side of each anode structure, and the cathode structures and the anode structures are matched to form a dust catching electric field.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the plurality of anode mesh plates are divided into at least one first anode mesh plate, at least one second anode mesh plate, and at least one third anode mesh plate, and the first anode mesh plate, the second anode mesh plate, and the third anode mesh plate are sequentially arranged along the direction from the smoke inlet to the smoke outlet; the first anode screen plate is arranged in a first aperture, the second anode screen plate is arranged in a second aperture, and the third anode screen plate is formed by a microporous foam metal plate.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the porosity of the microporous foam metal sheet is not less than 95%.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the cathode structure includes a cathode mesh plate, and the cathode mesh plate is connected to the housing through a mounting structure.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the cathode structure further comprises a power supply device electrically connected to the cathode mesh plate for forming a cathode; the shell is connected with the ground through a support, and the anode structure is electrically connected with the shell and is used for being grounded to form an anode.

The utility model discloses an in a preferred embodiment, multistage electrostatic precipitator still includes dehydration structure, dehydration structure is including setting up the silk screen dehydrator of exhaust port.

The utility model discloses an in a preferred embodiment, multistage electrostatic precipitator still includes the flue gas equipartition structure, the flue gas equipartition structure is including setting up the flue gas equipartition board of inlet flue.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the casing includes a straight section and tapered sections respectively disposed at both ends of the straight section, the dust-catching electric field is disposed in the straight section, one of the tapered sections forms the smoke inlet, and the other tapered section forms the smoke outlet.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the flue gas delivery direction between the flue gas inlet and the flue gas outlet is perpendicular to the overall arrangement direction of the cathode structure.

The utility model discloses an in a preferred embodiment, multistage electrostatic precipitator is still including setting up washing structure in the casing, it is in including setting up to wash the pipeline and set up in the casing wash a plurality of washing nozzles on the pipeline.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the cleaning pipe comprises a cleaning pipe section disposed at the side of the flue gas distribution plate, a cleaning pipe section disposed at the side of the dust collecting electric field, and a cleaning pipe section disposed at the side of the screen dehydrator.

The utility model discloses an in a preferred embodiment, multistage electrostatic precipitator still includes the blowdown structure that catchments, the blowdown structure that catchments is including setting up the water collecting bucket of the bottom of casing.

The technical scheme of the utility model following beneficial effect that is showing has:

when multistage electrostatic precipitator used, with the wet flue gas of pending in importing the casing from the mouth of cigarette, form through setting up the positive pole structure in the casing and the cooperation of negative pole structure and catch the dirt electric field, catch the dirt electric field and can produce and catch the dust that the dirt electrode is arranged in catching the flue gas.

The plurality of groups of dust catching electric fields are sequentially arranged between the smoke inlet and the smoke outlet, larger electric field current density can be generated among the plurality of dust catching electric fields, and when wet smoke to be treated passes through the dust catching electric fields, dust in the wet smoke to be treated is easy to charge in the dust catching electric fields and is caught. The wet flue gas can be subjected to multiple dust removal operations through the multiple dust-catching electric fields, so that the dust content in the wet flue gas is remarkably reduced, and the phenomenon that the flue gas escapes is reduced.

Further, when being equipped with a plurality of dirt electric fields of catching in the casing, can set up the electric field voltage of a plurality of dirt electric fields of catching into equidimension not, and then make each dirt electric field of catching play good entrapment effect to different particle diameters to improve dust removal effect.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art that other drawings can be obtained without creative efforts.

The drawings described herein are for illustration purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the present disclosure in any way. In addition, the shapes, the proportional sizes, and the like of the respective members in the drawings are merely schematic for helping the understanding of the present invention, and do not specifically limit the shapes, the proportional sizes, and the like of the respective members of the present invention. Those skilled in the art with the benefit of the teachings of this invention can select various possible shapes and proportional dimensions to implement the invention depending on the specific situation.

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a cross-sectional structure of the multi-stage electric dust collector of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of an installation configuration of the cleaning structure;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a top-down mounting structure of the power supply apparatus;

FIG. 4 isbase:Sub>A schematic sectional view taken along line A-A in FIG. 2;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of an installation structure of the cathode mesh plate;

FIG. 6 is a schematic sectional view of B-B in FIG. 2;

FIG. 7 is a schematic view of an installation structure of the first anode mesh plate;

FIG. 8 is a schematic view of an installation structure of the second anode mesh plate;

FIG. 9 is a schematic view of an installation structure of the third anode mesh plate;

FIG. 10 is a schematic enlarged view of a portion of the first anode mesh plate;

FIG. 11 is a schematic view of a partial process of the second anode mesh plate;

fig. 12 is a partially enlarged view of the third anode mesh plate.

Reference numerals of the above figures:

1. a housing; 11. a smoke inlet; 12. a smoke outlet;

2. an anode structure; 21. an anode mesh plate; 211. a first anode mesh plate; 212. a second anode mesh plate; 213. a third anode mesh plate;

3. a cathode structure; 31. a cathode mesh plate; 32. a power supply device; 33. a hanging device;

4. a support;

5. a dewatering structure; 51. a wire mesh dehydrator;

6. a flue gas uniform distribution structure; 61. a flue gas uniform distribution plate;

7. cleaning the structure; 71. uniformly distributing cleaning pipe sections; 72. cleaning the pipe section by an electric field; 73. cleaning the pipe section by using a silk screen;

8. a water collecting and sewage discharging structure; 81. a water collecting bucket.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by a person skilled in the art without creative efforts all belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

Referring to fig. 1 to 12, an embodiment of the present invention provides a multistage electric dust removing device, including: a hollow housing 1, said housing 1 having a smoke inlet 11 and a smoke outlet 12; the anode structures 2 are arranged in the shell 1 between the smoke inlet 11 and the smoke outlet 12 at intervals, each anode structure 2 comprises an anode screen plate 21, and the aperture of each anode screen plate 21 is gradually reduced along the direction from the smoke inlet 11 to the smoke outlet 12; and the cathode structures 3 are respectively arranged on the side of each anode structure 2, and the cathode structures 3 and the anode structures 2 are matched to form a dust catching electric field.

On the whole, refer to fig. 1, fig. 3 and fig. 4, when multistage electrostatic precipitator used, with pending flue gas from advancing the flue gas mouth 11 and inputing to casing 1 in, form through setting up the positive pole structure 2 in casing 1 and the cooperation of negative pole structure 3 and catch the dirt electric field, catch the dirt electric field and can produce and catch the dust that the dirt electrode is arranged in catching the flue gas. By sequentially arranging a plurality of sets of dust catching electric fields between the smoke inlet 11 and the smoke outlet 12, a plurality of dust catching electric fields can form a larger electric field current density. When the flue gas to be treated passes through each dust-catching electric field, dust in the flue gas to be treated is easy to charge and is caught in the dust-catching electric field, so that the escape phenomenon of the dust is reduced. The dust collecting electric fields can be used for carrying out dust removal operation on the flue gas to be treated for multiple times, so that dust in the flue gas is remarkably reduced, and the phenomenon that the flue gas escapes is reduced.

Wherein, be equipped with a plurality of dust collecting electric fields in casing 1, can set up the voltage of a plurality of dust collecting electric fields into not equidimension, and then make each dust collecting electric field can play good entrapment effect to different particle diameters, show ground and improved dust removal effect. The voltage of each dust collecting electric field can be adjusted by a designer according to the use requirement, and the voltage is not particularly limited.

Specifically, the housing 1 may be configured as a rectangular structure, and each dust collecting electric field is sequentially disposed in the housing 1 along the horizontal direction. Of course, the designer may also set the housing 1 in other shapes according to the use requirement, and this is not limited here. Each anode mesh plate 21 is provided with a cathode structure 3 for forming a dust-catching electric field.

The cathode structure 3 is a discharge electrode, and the cathode structure 3 is used for releasing a large amount of charged particles by generating a high-voltage electric field, so that dust in the flue gas is charged by the charged particles. In the installation, referring to fig. 2, 3 and 5, the cathode structure 3 may be fixed in the casing 1, for example, the cathode structure 3 may be fixedly suspended in the casing 1 by a suspending device 33. Of course, the cathode structure 3 may be fixed by other fixing methods, which are not limited herein. Wherein the voltage of the electric field of the cathode structure 3 may be set to 60kV. Of course, the cell voltage of the cathode structure 3 can be set to other values, which is not limited herein. Further, each anode mesh plate 21 can be fixed in the casing 1, the anode mesh plates 21 can be arranged perpendicular to the movement direction of the flue gas, and each anode mesh plate 21 is arranged in the casing 1 at intervals in sequence.

In an embodiment of the present invention, referring to fig. 1 and fig. 4, the anode mesh plates 21 are divided into at least one first anode mesh plate 211, at least one second anode mesh plate 212, and at least one third anode mesh plate 213, and the first anode mesh plate 211, the second anode mesh plate 212, and the third anode mesh plate 213 are sequentially arranged along the direction from the smoke inlet 11 to the smoke outlet 12; the first anode mesh plate 211 is arranged in a first aperture, the second anode mesh plate 212 is arranged in a second aperture, and the third anode mesh plate 213 is formed by a micro-porous foam metal plate.

A first anode mesh plate 211, a second anode mesh plate 212, and a third anode mesh plate 213 may be sequentially disposed in the case 1. The first anode mesh plate 211 and the cathode structure 3 form a primary dust collecting electric field, the second anode mesh plate 212 and the cathode structure 3 form a middle-stage dust collecting electric field, and the third anode mesh plate 213 and the cathode structure 3 form a final-stage dust collecting electric field.

Of course, the designer can also adjust the number of the anode mesh plates 21 according to the use requirement, and the design is not limited herein.

Specifically, referring to fig. 6 to 12, the first anode mesh plate 211 may be composed of stainless steel wires, the size of the gaps of the first anode mesh plate 211 may be set to 50mm × 50mm, and the thickness of the first anode mesh plate 211 may be set to 50mm. The first anode mesh plate 211 is matched with the cathode structure 3 to capture large particle dust of more than 30 um. The second anode mesh plate 212 may also be composed of stainless steel wires, the size of the gaps of the second anode mesh plate 212 may be set to 10mm × 10mm, and the thickness of the second anode mesh plate 212 may be set to 30mm. The second anode mesh plate 212 is used in cooperation with the cathode structure 3 for capturing dust of 5um-30 um. The third anode mesh plate 213 may be formed of a micro-porous foamed metal plate, and the thickness of the third anode mesh plate 213 may be set to 20mm, for example, a foamed nickel plate or a foamed copper plate material may be used, without limitation. The third anode mesh plate 213 can be used to capture fine particle dust by using the micro-pores of the micro-porous foam metal plate, and the third anode mesh plate 213 can be used to capture fine particle dust of 5um or less in cooperation with the cathode structure 3.

When the dust of flue gas passes through the primary dust catching electric field and the middle dust catching electric field, the dust is affected by the dust catching electric field and is subjected to electric coagulation, so that dust particles become large, the dust is caught by the final dust catching electric field, and the dust catching effect is remarkably improved.

In an embodiment of the present invention, the porosity of the microporous foam metal sheet is not less than 95%.

Through utilizing the micropore foam metal sheet to catch the tiny particle dust, after the flue gas gets into the micropore foam metal sheet, the flue gas moves along the micropore passageway in the micropore foam metal sheet, and wherein, the micropore passageway is labyrinth shape and distributes in the micropore foam metal sheet to make the tiny particle dust in the flue gas can fully contact the micropore foam metal sheet, promoted the entrapment effect of the tiny particle dust after the electric charge.

Of course, the designer can also adjust the porosity of the microcellular metal foam sheet according to different requirements for dust capture, and the method is not limited herein.

In an embodiment of the present invention, referring to fig. 5, the cathode structure 3 includes a cathode mesh plate 31, and the cathode mesh plate 31 is connected to the housing 1 through a mounting structure.

When the dust catcher is installed, the cathode screen plate 31 is arranged close to the anode screen plate 21, and a high-voltage electric field on the cathode screen plate 31 is matched with the anode screen plate 21 to form a dust catching electric field. The cathode mesh plate 31 can be fixed in the casing 1 by a hanging device 33, and the cathode mesh plate 31 and the anode mesh plate 21 can be arranged in parallel. The designer can determine the spacing distance between the cathode mesh plate 31 and the anode mesh plate 21 according to the required intensity of the dust-catching electric field, and is not limited in particular here. And the designer can determine the pore size of the cathode mesh plate 31 as required, which is not particularly limited herein.

In an embodiment of the present invention, the cathode structure 3 further comprises a power supply device 32, the power supply device 32 is electrically connected to the cathode mesh plate 31 for forming a cathode; the shell 1 is connected with the ground through a support 4, and the anode structure 2 is electrically connected with the shell 1 for grounding to form an anode.

Specifically, each cathode mesh plate 31 is electrically connected to a power supply device 32, the power supply device 32 is fixedly installed outside the casing 1, and the power supply device 32 is used for supplying power to the cathode mesh plate 31, so that the cathode mesh plate 31 can generate an electric field. The cathode mesh plate 31 can be powered by a power supply device 32, so that the cathode mesh plate 31 generates an electric field of 60kV. Of course, the designer can also adjust the voltage level of the cathode mesh plate 31, which is not limited herein.

Wherein, along the moving direction of the flue gas, the cathode mesh plate 31 and the anode mesh plate 21 are arranged in sequence. The flue gas can firstly contact the cathode screen plate 31, so that the dust in the flue gas can be charged under the discharge action of the cathode screen plate 31, the charged dust is easily trapped by the anode screen plate 21, the dust trapping effect is improved, and the problem that the dust escapes can be avoided.

For example, by adopting the multi-stage electric dust removal device, the dust concentration of the flue gas entering from the flue gas inlet 11 is not more than 10g/Nm ³ In the case of (2), the dust concentration in the exhaust port 12 can be reduced to 5mg/Nm ³ Left and right, thereby realizing ultra-low dust emission of the dust-containing wet flue gas.

In the embodiment of the present invention, referring to fig. 1, the multi-stage electric dust removing device further includes a dewatering structure 5, wherein the dewatering structure 5 includes a wire mesh dewatering device 51 disposed at the smoke exhaust 12.

Mechanical water content in the flue gas can be further reduced through the dewatering structure 5, and then dust particles mixed in the mechanical water are removed, and the auxiliary dust removal effect is achieved. When dust-containing wet flue gas enters the shell 1, dust in the wet flue gas can be collected through a plurality of dust collecting electric fields, and then the wet flue gas further removes mechanical water in the wet flue gas through the wire mesh dehydrator 51, so that the dust removal and dehumidification effects are improved.

The utility model discloses an in the embodiment, the cooperation is referred to and is looked at 1, multistage electrostatic precipitator still includes flue gas equipartition structure 6, flue gas equipartition structure 6 is including setting up the flue gas equipartition board 61 of inlet flue 11.

Can be with pending flue gas evenly distributed into casing 1 in through flue gas equipartition structure 6, and then make pending wet flue gas evenly get into and catch the dirt electric field in, improved the utilization efficiency who catches the dirt electric field.

Specifically, the flue gas uniform distribution structure 6 may be an airflow distribution plate disposed at the flue gas inlet 11, and the flue gas to be treated is uniformly distributed into the housing 1 by using the airflow distribution plate. The designer can determine the specific structure of the air flow distribution plate according to the smoke distribution requirement, and the design is not limited here.

In the embodiment of the present invention, the casing 1 comprises a straight section and tapered sections respectively disposed at two ends of the straight section, the dust-catching electric field is disposed in the straight section, one of the tapered sections is formed in the smoke inlet 11, and the other tapered section is formed in the smoke outlet 12.

Through the reducing effect of toper section, when pending flue gas gets into mouth 11, the velocity of flow of pending flue gas can be reduced, and then has improved the process time of pending flue gas in casing 1 for a plurality of dust collecting electric fields can fully catch the dust in the pending flue gas, and then have improved dust removal effect. When the treated flue gas enters the smoke outlet 12, the flow velocity of the flue gas can be increased through the diameter-changing function of the conical section, and further the smoke discharging efficiency is improved.

Of course, the designer may also adjust the specific structure of the housing 1 according to the use requirement, and is not limited herein.

In the embodiment of the present invention, referring to fig. 1, the flue gas conveying direction between the flue gas inlet 11 and the flue gas outlet 12 is perpendicular to the overall arrangement direction of the cathode structure 3.

Specifically, the smoke inlet 11 and the smoke outlet 12 may be arranged along a horizontal direction, and the smoke conveying direction is a direction in fig. 1. The overall arrangement direction of the cathode structures 3 can be arranged along the height direction, so that the movement direction of the flue gas is perpendicular to the cathode structures 3, and the overall arrangement direction of the cathode structures 3 is the direction b in fig. 1. By arranging the smoke inlet 11 and the smoke outlet 12 along the same direction, the movement turbulence of smoke between the smoke inlet 11 and the smoke outlet 12 is reduced, so that the phenomenon that dust is entrained by the turbulence of the smoke to escape is avoided, and the smoke can uniformly enter the cathode structure 3 and be charged.

In the embodiment of the present invention, referring to fig. 1 and fig. 6, the multi-stage electrostatic precipitator further includes a cleaning structure 7 disposed in the housing 1, the cleaning structure 7 includes a cleaning pipeline and a plurality of cleaning nozzles disposed in the cleaning pipeline disposed in the housing 1.

Each part in the shell 1 can be washed by utilizing the cleaning pipeline and the cleaning nozzle, and then dust on each part is removed, so that the cleaning effect is achieved. The cleaning structure 7 can prevent dust from accumulating on the cathode mesh plate 31 and the anode mesh plate 21, and the dust collecting effect is prevented from being influenced.

Specifically, the cleaning pipeline comprises a uniformly-distributed cleaning pipe section 71 arranged on the side of the flue gas uniformly-distributing plate 61, an electric field cleaning pipe section 72 arranged on the side of the dust-catching electric field, and a wire mesh cleaning pipe section 73 arranged on the side of the wire mesh dehydrator 51.

The flue gas uniform distribution plate 61 can be washed through the uniform distribution cleaning pipe sections 71, and the uniform distribution effect of the flue gas uniform distribution plate 61 is influenced by dust gathering on the flue gas uniform distribution plate 61. The cathode screen plate 31 and the anode screen plate 21 can be washed through the electric field cleaning pipe section 72, and the dust collection effect of a dust collecting electric field is reduced due to the fact that dust is collected on the cathode screen plate 31 and the anode screen plate 21. And the wire mesh dehydrator 51 can be washed through the wire mesh cleaning pipe section 73, thereby reducing the influence of dust accumulation on the wire mesh dehydrator 51 on the dehydration effect. Wherein, the designer can adjust the installation position of each cleaning pipe section and the setting number and position of each cleaning nozzle according to the washing requirement, and the design is not limited in particular.

The utility model discloses an in the embodiment, multistage electrostatic precipitator still includes water-collecting and pollution-discharging structure 8, water-collecting and pollution-discharging structure 8 is including setting up the water collecting bucket 81 of the bottom of casing 1.

The sewage in the housing 1 can be collected by the water collection hopper 81 and guided to be treated. Specifically, the water collecting hopper 81 can be fixedly installed at the bottom of the housing 1, and a sewage draining outlet is formed in the water collecting hopper 81 for draining sewage.

In the embodiment of the utility model provides an in when multistage electrostatic precipitator uses, through catching the dirt electric field with the multiunit and set gradually between inlet flue 11 and exhaust port 12, a plurality of dirt electric fields of catching can form great electric field current density. When the flue gas to be treated passes through each dust-catching electric field, the dust in the flue gas to be treated is easy to charge in the dust-catching electric field, so that the escape phenomenon of the dust is reduced. The dust collecting electric fields can also be used for carrying out dust removal operation on the flue gas to be treated for multiple times, so that the dust content in the flue gas is remarkably reduced.

All articles and references disclosed, including patent applications and publications, are hereby incorporated by reference for all purposes. The term "consisting essentially of …" describing a combination shall include the identified elements, components, parts or steps and other elements, components, parts or steps that do not materially affect the basic novel characteristics of the combination. The use of the terms "comprising" or "including" to describe combinations of elements, components, or steps herein also contemplates embodiments that consist essentially of such elements, components, or steps. By using the term "may" herein, it is intended to indicate that any of the described attributes that "may" include are optional. A plurality of elements, components, parts or steps can be provided by a single integrated element, component, part or step. Alternatively, a single integrated element, component, part or step may be divided into separate plural elements, components, parts or steps. The disclosure of "a" or "an" to describe an element, ingredient, component or step is not intended to foreclose other elements, ingredients, components or steps.

The embodiments in the present specification are described in a progressive manner, each embodiment focuses on differences from other embodiments, and the same and similar parts among the embodiments are referred to each other. The above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical concept and features of the present invention, and the purpose of the embodiments is to enable people skilled in the art to understand the contents of the present invention and to implement the present invention, which cannot limit the protection scope of the present invention. All equivalent changes and modifications made according to the spirit of the present invention should be covered in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a multistage electrostatic precipitator which characterized in that includes:

a hollow housing having a smoke inlet and a smoke outlet;

2. The multi-stage electric dust removal device of claim 1, wherein the plurality of anode mesh plates are divided into at least one first anode mesh plate, at least one second anode mesh plate and at least one third anode mesh plate, and the first anode mesh plate, the second anode mesh plate and the third anode mesh plate are sequentially arranged along the direction from the smoke inlet to the smoke outlet; the first anode screen plate is arranged in a first aperture, the second anode screen plate is arranged in a second aperture, and the third anode screen plate is formed by a microporous foam metal plate.

3. The multi-stage electric precipitation device of claim 2, wherein the micro-porous foam metal plate has a porosity of not less than 95%.

4. The multi-stage electric precipitation device of claim 1, wherein the cathode structure comprises a cathode mesh plate, and the cathode mesh plate is connected with the housing through a mounting structure.

5. The multi-stage electric precipitation device of claim 4, wherein the cathode structure further comprises a power supply device electrically connected to the cathode grid plate for forming a cathode; the shell is connected with the ground through a support, and the anode structure is electrically connected with the shell and is used for being grounded to form an anode.

6. The multi-stage electric dust removal device of any one of claims 1 to 5, further comprising a dewatering structure comprising a wire mesh dehydrator disposed at the smoke exhaust port.

7. The multi-stage electric dust removal device of claim 6, further comprising a flue gas uniform distribution structure, wherein the flue gas uniform distribution structure comprises a flue gas uniform distribution plate provided with the flue gas inlet.

8. The multi-stage electric dust removal device of claim 7, wherein the housing comprises a straight section and tapered sections respectively arranged at two ends of the straight section, the dust-catching electric field is arranged in the straight section, one of the tapered sections forms the smoke inlet, and the other tapered section forms the smoke outlet.

9. The multi-stage electric precipitation device of claim 8, wherein the flue gas conveying direction between the flue gas inlet and the flue gas outlet is perpendicular to the overall arrangement direction of the cathode structures.

10. The multi-stage electric dust removal device of claim 9, further comprising a cleaning structure disposed within the housing, the cleaning structure comprising a cleaning line disposed within the housing and a plurality of cleaning nozzles disposed on the cleaning line.

11. The multi-stage electric dust removal device as claimed in claim 10, wherein the cleaning pipeline comprises a uniformly-distributed cleaning pipe section arranged at the side of the flue gas uniformly-distributing plate, an electric field cleaning pipe section arranged at the side of the dust-collecting electric field, and a wire mesh cleaning pipe section arranged at the side of the wire mesh dehydrator.

12. The multi-stage electric dust removal device of claim 11, further comprising a water collecting and pollution discharging structure comprising a water collecting hopper disposed at the bottom of the housing.