CN218003158U - Soil moisture characteristic curve measuring instrument - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to an agricultural hydraulic engineering field, in particular to soil moisture characteristic curve measuring apparatu, including the probe, lead the pressure equipment, pressure acquisition device, differential pressure measuring device, the probe is porous medium's argil head, lead the pressure equipment and include the pressure tube, the inner tube is the hose, the outer tube is flexible hard tube, the end connection of inner tube has the hose connector, the protruding edge of hose connector and the end connection of outer tube, connection structure and probe connection are passed through to the one end of inner tube, pressure acquisition device includes the pressure acquisition pipe, its one end is connected with the one end that leads the pressure tube and deviates from the probe through connection structure, the other one end is connected with water inlet switch, be provided with the measurement port on the pressure acquisition pipe, the measurement port is connected with differential pressure measuring device, the utility model discloses a set up pressure tube and probe connection, the probe carries out the in-process of exchanging with soil water-logging, volume change in the pressure tube thereupon, through the volume change in the differential pressure measuring device real-time measurement, make measuring result more accurate.

Description

Soil moisture characteristic curve measuring instrument

Technical Field

The utility model relates to an agricultural hydraulic engineering technical field, in particular to soil moisture characteristic curve measuring apparatu.

Background

The soil moisture characteristic curve is the most important and basic tool for researching soil moisture movement, adjusting and utilizing soil water, improving soil and the like, and is a theoretical basis for guiding irrigation. The soil water matrix potential or the soil water suction force is changed along with the soil water content, and corresponding soil water suction force values of the soil at different water contents are measured and drawn into a curve, and the curve is a soil water characteristic curve which is characterized by the relation between the energy of the soil water and the quantity of the soil water. The slope of the soil moisture characteristic curve reflects the water supply capacity of the soil, namely the amount of water which can be discharged by the soil when the matrix potential is reduced by a certain amount. The effective degree of soil moisture on plants is finally determined by the soil water potential rather than the water content of the soil moisture. If the water content of the soil is measured, the matric potential value can be found according to the soil moisture and soil characteristic curve, so that the effective degree of the soil water content to the plants can be judged. The soil moisture can be converted into soil matric potential according to the soil moisture characteristic curve, and the effectiveness of the soil moisture on crops can be judged according to the matric potential. The matrix potential can also be converted into water content, and the field water capacity, the wilting humidity and the corresponding effective water range can be obtained according to the soil water characteristic curve. The soil moisture characteristic curve can indirectly reflect the distribution of soil pores, and can judge the soil texture condition and the distribution condition of moisture in the suction segment. The inflection point of the curve may reflect the soil moisture status at the corresponding moisture content.

The existing soil moisture characteristic curve measuring method mainly comprises a negative pressure meter method, a sandy funnel method, a pressure meter method, a centrifugal machine method and the like. The permeability coefficient of the soil also changes along with the water content and shows a curve relation. The simplest method for determining soil water suction in the field is a tensiometer method, the tensiometer measures the soil water characteristic curve, the advantage of the tensiometer measuring the soil water characteristic curve is that the soil moisture absorption process and the soil dehydration process can be measured, the manufacturing cost is low, the method can be applied to field in-situ fixed point monitoring, and the method is mainly used for an lysimeter system.

Although a soil moisture tensiometer (publication number: CN 2809631Y) disclosed in the prior art can measure the suction force of soil with large buried depth, the mercury manometer is adopted as the measuring method, and the mercury manometer cannot avoid the influence of the principle of expansion with heat and contraction with cold due to the characteristics of mercury, so that the measurement is not accurate, and therefore, a soil moisture characteristic curve measuring instrument is needed to solve the problems.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

The utility model aims at solving current soil moisture tensiometer and adopting mercury pressure gauge, because mercury self characteristics, can not avoid expend with heat and contract with cold principle to influence, very big probably leads to measuring the not accurate problem of reading, provides a soil moisture suction measuring instrument that suction measuring range is wide, the precision is high, data automatic acquisition transmits.

The utility model provides a pair of soil moisture characteristic curve measuring apparatu, include:

a probe;

the pressure guide device comprises a pressure guide pipe, one end of the pressure guide pipe is connected with the probe, and the other end of the pressure guide pipe is connected with the pressure acquisition device;

the pressure acquisition device includes: one end of the pressure collecting pipe is connected with one end of the pressure guide pipe, which is far away from the probe, the other end of the pressure collecting pipe is connected with a water inlet switch, and the peripheral surface of the pressure collecting pipe is provided with a measuring port; and the measuring end of the differential pressure measuring device is connected with the measuring port.

Preferably, the pressure pipe comprises an inner pipe, an outer pipe is sleeved outside the inner pipe, two ends of the inner pipe are connected with a hose connector, and a convex edge of the hose connector is connected with the end part of the outer pipe.

Preferably, one side of the hose connector, which is far away from the inner pipe, is connected with a threaded connecting sleeve, and one sides of the probe and the pressure acquisition pipe, which are close to the hose connector, are connected with threaded connecting pipes matched with the threaded connecting sleeves.

Preferably, an airtight gasket is arranged in the threaded connection sleeve.

Preferably, the inner pipe is a hose, and the outer pipe is a telescopic hard pipe.

Preferably, the probe is a clay head.

Preferably, the differential pressure measuring device comprises a differential pressure gauge, and a measuring end of the differential pressure gauge is connected with a measuring port of the pressure collecting pipe.

Preferably, the differential pressure gauge is connected with a paperless recorder.

Compared with the prior art, the utility model provides a pair of soil moisture characteristic curve measuring apparatu, its beneficial effect is:

1. the utility model discloses a set up connecting pipe and probe connection, the probe carries out the in-process of exchanging with soil water-logging, and the volume in the connecting pipe changes thereupon, through the intraductal volume change of differential pressure measuring device real-time measurement for measuring result is more accurate.

2. The utility model discloses a connecting pipe includes inner tube and outer tube, can realize big buried depth measurement according to the length that the connecting pipe was adjusted to the actual measurement demand during the use, and can realize inserting the measuring apparatu of different ranges simultaneously in the different section levels of a section, has improved measurement of efficiency.

3. The utility model discloses no paper record appearance and data processor combination are chooseed for use in data acquisition, realize the automatic acquisition of data, have reduced the manpower consumption.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the connection relationship among the middle probe, the pressure pipe, the pressure collector and the water inlet switch;

FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of the probe of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of the pressure pipe of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the pressure collecting tube of the present invention;

fig. 6 is a schematic structural view of the water inlet switch of the present invention.

Description of reference numerals:

1. a probe; 2. a pressure guide pipe; 21. an outer tube; 22. an inner tube; 23. a hose connector; 3. a pressure collection tube; 31. a measurement port; 4. a differential pressure gauge; 5. a paperless recorder; 6. a data processor; 7. a power supply module; 8. a water inlet switch; 9. a threaded connection pipe; 10. a threaded connection sleeve; 11. a gas-tight gasket.

Detailed Description

The following detailed description of the present invention is provided in conjunction with the accompanying drawings 1-6, but it should be understood that the scope of the present invention is not limited by the following detailed description.

As shown in fig. 1 to 6, the utility model provides a pair of soil moisture characteristic curve measuring apparatu, including probe 1, lead and press the device, pressure acquisition device, differential pressure measuring device, probe 1 is porous medium's argil head, it includes connecting tube 2 to lead and press the device, connecting tube 2 includes inner tube 22, inner tube 22 is the hose, the outer pipe 21 that is equipped with of inner tube 22 overcoat, outer tube 21 is flexible hard tube, the end connection of inner tube 22 has hose connector 23, the protruding edge of hose connector 23 and the end connection of outer tube 21, connection structure and probe connection are passed through to the one end of inner tube 22, pressure acquisition device includes pressure acquisition pipe 3, pressure acquisition pipe 3 is three-way structure, the one end of pressure acquisition pipe 3 is passed through connection structure and is connected with the one end that pressure tube 2 deviates from probe 1, one end is connected with water inlet switch 8 in addition, be provided with measurement port 31 on the pressure acquisition pipe 3, measurement port is connected with differential pressure measuring device.

When the device is used, after the argil head is soaked and saturated by water, a water film is formed inside the argil head until the argil head exchanges with water in soil, the volume of gas in the pressure guide pipe 2 is continuously changed in the continuous exchange process, the pressure in the pipe is also continuously changed, and the change of the pressure in the pipe is measured by a differential pressure measuring device in real time, wherein the pressure guide pipe 2 can use a shower hose, the outer wall of the shower hose is firm and durable, the device can be damaged by insects and mice in a field measurement experiment, can be naturally coiled, has small floor area, light weight, is simple and easy to carry, reduces the manpower consumption of field measurement, and the built-in soft ring also provides great air tightness; the natural gas air duct can also be used, and the material is hard, can prevent soil microorganism damage, has high air tightness, is anti-aging and the like.

Further, 1 one end of probe is provided with threaded connection pipe 9, and the one end that connecting pipe pressure acquisition pipe 3 is close to connecting pipe 2 also is provided with threaded connection pipe 9, and threaded connection pipe 9 all is used for connecting through connection structure and connecting pipe 2.

Further, the connecting structure comprises a threaded connecting sleeve 10 matched with the threaded connecting pipe 9, one end of the threaded connecting sleeve 10 is sleeved on the outer pipe 21 and is connected with the hose connector 23 in a sealing manner, and the other end of the threaded connecting sleeve 10 is connected with the corresponding threaded connecting pipe 9.

When in use, as shown in fig. 4, firstly two threaded connecting sleeves 10 are sleeved on the middle section of the outer pipe 21 in two different opening directions, then taking the right end as an example, the hose connector 23 is pressed into one end of the orifice of the inner pipe 22, then the hose connector 23 successfully connected with the inner pipe 22 is installed into the outer pipe 21, then the airtight gasket 11 is placed on the surface of the hose connector 23, finally the threaded connecting sleeves 10 are pulled to the orifice of the pipeline from the middle, the airtight gasket 11 is embedded, the left end and the right end are installed in the same way, secondly, as shown in fig. 3, the threaded connecting pipe 9 on the clay head is connected with the threaded connecting sleeve 10 at the left end of the pressure guiding pipe 2, and secondly, as shown in fig. 5, the threaded connecting pipe 9 at one end of the pressure collecting pipe 3 is connected with the threaded connecting sleeve 10 at the right end of the pressure guiding pipe 2.

Further, the differential pressure measuring device comprises a differential pressure gauge 4, the measuring end of the differential pressure gauge 4 is connected with the measuring port 31 of the pressure collecting pipe 3, the differential pressure gauge 4 is connected with the power module 7, and the measuring range of the differential pressure gauge 4 is selected according to the actual buried depth of the ground.

Further, the differential pressure gauge 4 is connected with the paperless recorder 5, and the paperless recorder 5 intelligently collects data of each second, so that the accuracy of experimental data is greatly improved, and the consumption of manpower and manual reading and counting errors are reduced.

Further, the paperless recorder 5 is connected with a data processor 6, and the data processor 6 is a computer.

Method of use of the present embodiment

The utility model provides a pair of soil moisture characteristic curve measuring apparatu, when using, concrete measuring step is as follows:

(1) firstly, drilling a hole with the diameter of 10-15 cm by using a drill or a Luoyang shovel, and drilling to a certain depth according to actual requirements;

(2) preparing airless water: boiling a certain amount of tap water, and standing until the tap water is cooled;

(3) exhausting: opening a water inlet switch 8, inclining a pressure guide pipe 2, pouring the airless water until the edge of the measuring port 31 is lower, standing to evaporate the water in the argil head, slightly shaking the instrument after a period of time to drive out small bubbles, repeating for multiple times until no bubbles overflow, and discharging the water;

(4) and (3) checking air tightness: screwing down the water inlet switch 8, placing the measuring instrument of the cavity in the water body, submerging the argil head in the water body, and judging whether the reading of the differential pressure gauge 4 changes;

(5) embedding clay heads: and vertically placing the pressure pipe 2 into the hole, pouring a little of slurry to enable the pressure pipe to be tightly combined with the soil, and filling and compacting the soil around the pressure pipe.

(6) And (4) storing experimental data: the differential pressure gauge 4 is connected with a paperless recorder 5, the paperless recorder 5 is connected with a computer, and experimental data are collected and processed.

The utility model discloses a set up connecting pipe and probe connection, the in-process that the probe carried out the exchange with soil internal water, the volume in the connecting pipe changes thereupon, through the intraductal volume change of differential pressure measuring device real-time measurement for measuring result is more accurate, and the connecting pipe includes inner tube and outer tube, can adjust the length of connecting pipe according to the actual measurement demand during the use, realizes the big buried depth and measures, and can realize inserting the measuring apparatu of different ranges simultaneously in the different section levels of a section, has improved measurement of efficiency, the utility model discloses data acquisition chooses for use paperless record appearance and computer combination, realizes the automatic acquisition of data, has reduced the human consumption.

The above disclosure is only for the preferred embodiments of the present invention, however, the present invention is not limited thereto, and any changes that can be considered by those skilled in the art shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (4)

1. A soil moisture characteristic curve measuring instrument, comprising:

a probe (1);

the pressure guide device comprises a pressure guide pipe (2), one end of the pressure guide pipe (2) is connected with the probe (1), and the other end of the pressure guide pipe is connected with a pressure acquisition device;

the pressure guide pipe (2) comprises an inner pipe (22), an outer pipe (21) is sleeved outside the inner pipe (22), two ends of the inner pipe (22) are connected with a hose connector (23), a convex edge of the hose connector (23) is connected with the end part of the outer pipe (21), the inner pipe (22) is a hose, and the outer pipe (21) is a telescopic hard pipe;

the pressure acquisition device includes: one end of the pressure acquisition pipe (3) is connected with one end of the pressure guide pipe (2) departing from the probe (1), the other end of the pressure acquisition pipe is connected with a water inlet switch (8), and the peripheral surface of the pressure acquisition pipe (3) is provided with a measurement port (31); a differential pressure measuring device, the measuring end of which is connected with the measuring port (31);

one side of the hose connector (23) departing from the inner pipe (22) is connected with a threaded connecting sleeve (10), one sides of the probe (1) and the pressure acquisition pipe (3) close to the hose connector (23) are connected with threaded connecting pipes (9) matched with the threaded connecting sleeves (10), and airtight gaskets (11) are arranged in the threaded connecting sleeves (10).

2. A soil moisture profile measuring device according to claim 1, wherein the probe (1) is a clay head.

3. A soil moisture profile measuring instrument according to claim 1, characterized in that the differential pressure measuring means comprises a differential pressure gauge (4), the measuring end of the differential pressure gauge (4) being connected to the measuring port (31) of the pressure collecting pipe (3).

4. A soil moisture profile measuring instrument according to claim 3, characterized in that a paperless recorder (5) is connected to the differential pressure gauge (4).

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