CN105486838B - It is a kind of measure soil water potential be easy to safeguard and freeze proof tensometer and method of testing - Google Patents
It is a kind of measure soil water potential be easy to safeguard and freeze proof tensometer and method of testing Download PDFInfo
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- CN105486838B CN105486838B CN201510988292.9A CN201510988292A CN105486838B CN 105486838 B CN105486838 B CN 105486838B CN 201510988292 A CN201510988292 A CN 201510988292A CN 105486838 B CN105486838 B CN 105486838B
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- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
- G01N33/24—Earth materials
- G01N33/246—Earth materials for water content
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Abstract
The invention belongs to soil investigation field of tool, specially it is a kind of measure soil water potential be easy to safeguard and freeze proof tensometer and method of testing, the wherein tensometer of soil water potential, including pot clay end, tensometer main body, pot clay end is fixedly connected with tensometer main body lower end, tensometer main body upper end is provided with sealing-plug, steam vent, water inlet pore and pressure sensor, water inlet pipe passes through sealing consent straight cutting to pot clay end bottom, blast pipe is plugged in the exhaust duct aperture of sealing-plug, and the top of blast pipe is provided with exhaust check valve；The upper end of sensor is connected with sensor connecting line, and the upper end of water inlet pipe is removably connected with waterworks.Tensometer uses the water filling with check valve and gas extraction system, and realization, which need not take tensometer body apart, can carry out water filling and exhaust process, while accomplishing that exhaust is more thorough.Tensometer is integrally embedded in the even deeper depth of plough horizon, and earth's surface only has a small amount of flexible pipe and cable exposure, can be prevented effectively from damage of the mechanical and artificial farm work to instrument.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to soil investigation field of tool, be specifically related to a kind of measurement soil water potential is easy to maintenance and freeze proof
Tensometer and method of testing.
Background technology
Soil moisture is that research agricultural dry morning and crop do early important indicator, is field irrigation management, Regional Hydrologic bar
The Important Parameters that part is studied and basin water balance is calculated.Become increasingly conspicuous in particular with water source judgment, both at home and abroad
Water-saving agriculture research is all paid close attention, soil moisture content is also just into the project often determined in water-saving agriculture research.
The research of assay method be mainly reflected in it is how quick, accurate, economically determine soil moisture content in terms of, this for verifying in time
Soil water regime, to make the decision-making of science in good time or to take rational measure etc. significant.
By analyzing existing soil water potential determining instrument, it can be seen that have very although determining the instrument of soil water potential at present
Many, principle is also a lot, there is mechanical, also there is a digital display type, but the problem of still have many in use, or equipment is multiple
Miscellaneous, troublesome poeration requires high to operator's professional knowledge.It is expensive, it is unfavorable for promoting and field is utilized.Also it is exactly
Power consumption is big, is unfavorable for saving the energy, especially in the field environment, the pot life of power consumption conference limiting device.
At present, the instrument of soil water potential, which is generally required, is embedded in underground, allows pot clay end to be contacted with soil, based on soil hydrodynamic force
Principle is learned, using tensometer internal water and the infiltration connectivity of the soil water, passes through the water and the negative pressure of generation of tensometer reduction
To reflect the flow of water of soil.Tensometer irregularly adds water due to needing, and existing way is usually by its body top and pressure gauge
Etc. being exposed to earth's surface, and top leaves plug and adds water in order to open.The problem of this method, is：1）Drive tensometer when plug adds water
Gas is difficult to drain in pipe, and operates relative complex, it is necessary to certain experiences；2）Aqueous body crop out, it is impossible to low in the winter time
Warm season is applied；3）Body and pressure gauge of earth's surface etc. are easily manually damaged by field with machine work, limit operating efficiency.
The content of the invention
The present invention is directed to 1 that prior art is present）Open when plug adds water that gas is difficult to drain in tensometer pipe, and operation is relative
Complexity is, it is necessary to certain experiences；2）Aqueous body crop out, it is impossible to low temperature season application in the winter time；3）The body and pressure of earth's surface
Power meter etc. is easily manually damaged by field with machine work, the problems such as limiting operating efficiency, proposes a kind of measurement soil water potential just
In maintenance and freeze proof tensometer and method of testing.
The technical scheme is that：It is a kind of measure soil water potential be easy to safeguard and freeze proof tensometer, including clay
Head, tensometer main body, pot clay end are the body of an end closure, and the other end of pot clay end is fixed with the lower end of tensometer main body to be connected
Connect, the upper end of the tensometer main body, which is provided with sealing-plug, sealing-plug, is provided with exhaust duct aperture, water inlet pore and pressure sensing
Device, water inlet pipe is through drain tube holes straight cutting to pot clay end bottom, and blast pipe is plugged in the exhaust duct aperture of sealing-plug, blast pipe
Top is provided with exhaust check valve；The upper end of sensor is connected with sensor connecting line, and the upper end of water inlet pipe is removably connected
There are waterworks.
Being easy to of described measurement soil water potential safeguard and freeze proof tensometer, and the lower surface of the sealing-plug is tilts
Face, blast pipe is located at the higher side of inclined plane, and the lower end of blast pipe is not less than sealing-plug lower surface.
Being easy to of described measurement soil water potential safeguards and freeze proof tensometer that the waterworks include water source tube, and
Be arranged on check valve A and check valve B in water source tube, check valve A is connected by conduit with water inlet pipe upper end, in check valve A and
Piston type injector is installed on check valve B pipeline.
Being easy to of described measurement soil water potential safeguards and freeze proof tensometer that the check valve A is by water source to piston type
Injector direction is turned on, reversely cut-off；The check valve B is turned on by piston type injector to water inlet pipe direction, reversely cut-off.
Being easy to of described measurement soil water potential safeguards and freeze proof tensometer that the following face of the sealing-plug is fovea superior
Shape, the lower end of blast pipe is not less than sealing-plug lower surface.
A kind of soil water potential method of testing for including tensometer described in claim 4, is comprised the steps of：
Step one：Tensometer main body is buried in the soil below plough horizon（Or other desired depth, it is ensured that
Pot clay end is fully embedded in soil）；
Step 2：Tensometer main body is connected with waterworks, pressure sensor readings device, and utilizes piston type injector
Toward tensometer main body water filling, until air is completely exhausted out in main body, there is water to emerge in blast pipe；
Step 3：Stand, until water balance between tensometer and soil, pressure sensor readings are stablized relatively；
Step 4：The flow of water of soil is calculated according to the data of pressure sensor.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows：1. water supply and exhaust apparatus of the present invention with check valve, simplify tensometer
Water filling and exhaust process, improve field work efficiency；Present apparatus major part main body is buried in underground, can be with according to actual conditions
Avoid limitation of the freezed in winter to tensometer use time so that north of china in winter determines soil water potential with tensometer and is possibly realized.
2. present apparatus aerial part is only flexible pipe（Water supply installation can be taken away after water filling terminates）, and pressure sensor line
Cable.In crop sowing, when field machinery operation or even farming, aerial part does not interfere with operation, without that will be embedded in underground
Power meter main body is taken out, so as to avoid the periodic maintenance work that tensometer cultivates harvest with crop.
3. new tensometer will improve water flooding regime, embedding manner and the data acquisition modes of conventional tension meter.It is adopted
With the water filling with check valve and gas extraction system, realization, which need not take tensometer body apart, can carry out water filling and exhaust process, do simultaneously
It is more thorough to being vented.The tensometer can integrally be embedded in the even deeper depth of plough horizon according to design, and earth's surface only has few
Flexible pipe and cable exposure are measured, damage of the mechanical and artificial farm work to instrument can be prevented effectively from；Underground is embedded in while can also have
Effect is freeze proof, is easy to equipment in the northern area use in winter such as the Yellow River and Huai He River, the scope of application is more extensive, operates easier.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is assembly structure diagram of the invention；
Fig. 2 is tensometer main body and pot clay end cross-sectional view；
In figure, 1 is pot clay end, and 2 be water inlet pipe, and 3 be sealing-plug, and 4 be check valve B, and 5 be check valve A, and 6 be water source tube, 7
It is sensor connecting line for piston type injector, 8,9 be blast pipe, and 10 be exhaust check valve, and 11 be pressure sensor, and 12 be to open
Power meter main body, 13 arable layers.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1：It is a kind of measure soil water potential be easy to safeguard and freeze proof tensometer, including pot clay end, tensometer master
Body, pot clay end is the body of an end closure, and the other end of pot clay end is fixedly connected with the lower end of tensometer main body, the tensometer
The upper end of main body, which is provided with sealing-plug, sealing-plug, is provided with exhaust duct aperture, water inlet pore and pressure sensor, and water inlet pipe is passed through
Drain tube holes straight cutting is to pot clay end bottom, and blast pipe is by being plugged in the exhaust duct aperture of sealing-plug, and the top of blast pipe is provided with
Exhaust check valve；The upper end of sensor is connected with sensor connecting line, and the lower surface of the upper sealing-plug of water inlet pipe is inclined plane, row
Tracheae is located at the higher side of inclined plane, and the lower end of blast pipe is not less than sealing-plug lower surface.Waterworks include water source tube,
With the check valve A and check valve B that are arranged in water source tube, check valve A is connected by conduit with water inlet pipe upper end, in check valve A
Piston type injector is installed with check valve B pipeline.Check valve A is turned on by water source to piston type injector direction, reversely
Cut-off；The check valve B is turned on by piston type injector to water inlet pipe direction, reversely cut-off.
A kind of soil water potential method of testing for including tensometer described in claim 4, is comprised the steps of：
Step one：Tensometer main body clay head end downwards, vertically it is buried in the soil below plough horizon；Bury
It below plough horizon, can cause tensometer main body when agro-farming, it is not necessary to take out, be to carry out soil water potential next time
There is provided facility for test.
Step 2：Tensometer main body is connected with waterworks, pressure sensor readings device, and utilizes piston type injector
Toward tension force and main body water filling, until thering is water to emerge in blast pipe；Illustrate that the air in now tensometer main body has been drained.
Step 3：Stand, until moisture reaches balance between tensometer and soil, pressure sensor readings device is stable；Work as pressure
When sensor readings are stable, it is known that soil water potential has been balanced；
Step 4：The flow of water of soil is calculated according to the data of pressure sensor.
Embodiment 2：Part same as Example 1 is not repeated, the difference is that the following face of sealing-plug is upper spill, row
The lower end of tracheae is not less than the peak of sealing-plug lower surface.
Claims (6)
1. it is a kind of measure soil water potential be easy to safeguard and freeze proof tensometer, including pot clay end, tensometer main body, pot clay end is
The body of one end closure, the other end of pot clay end is fixedly connected with the lower end of tensometer main body, it is characterised in that：The tensometer
The upper end of main body, which is provided with sealing-plug, sealing-plug, is provided with exhaust duct aperture, water inlet pore and pressure sensor, and water inlet pipe is passed through
Pore straight cutting intake to pot clay end bottom, blast pipe is plugged in the exhaust duct aperture of sealing-plug, and the top of blast pipe is provided with row
Gas check valve；The upper end of sensor is connected with sensor connecting line, and the upper end of water inlet pipe is removably connected with waterworks.
2. being easy to of measurement soil water potential according to claim 1 is safeguarded and freeze proof tensometer, it is characterised in that：It is described
The lower surface of sealing-plug is inclined plane, and blast pipe is located at the higher side of inclined plane, and the lower end of blast pipe is not less than sealing-plug
Lower surface.
3. being easy to of measurement soil water potential according to claim 1 is safeguarded and freeze proof tensometer, it is characterised in that：It is described
Waterworks include water source tube, and the check valve A and check valve B being arranged in water source tube, check valve B pass through conduit and water inlet pipe
Upper end is connected, and piston type injector is provided with the pipeline between check valve A and check valve B.
4. being easy to of measurement soil water potential according to claim 3 is safeguarded and freeze proof tensometer, it is characterised in that：It is described
Check valve A is turned on by water source to piston type injector direction, reversely cut-off；The check valve B is by piston type injector to water inlet
Pipe direction is turned on, reversely cut-off.
5. being easy to of measurement soil water potential according to claim 1 is safeguarded and freeze proof tensometer, it is characterised in that：It is described
The following face of sealing-plug is upper spill, and the lower end of blast pipe is not less than sealing-plug lower surface.
6. a kind of soil water potential method of testing for including tensometer described in claim 4, it is characterised in that：Comprise the steps of：
Step one：Tensometer main body is buried in the soil below plough horizon, it is ensured that pot clay end is fully embedded in soil；
Step 2：Tensometer main body is connected with waterworks, pressure sensor readings device, and opened using piston type injector is past
Power meter main body water filling, until air is completely exhausted out in main body, has water to emerge in blast pipe；
Step 3：Stand, until water balance between tensometer and soil, pressure sensor readings are stablized relatively；
Step 4：The flow of water of soil is calculated according to the data of pressure sensor.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510988292.9A CN105486838B (en) | 2015-12-25 | 2015-12-25 | It is a kind of measure soil water potential be easy to safeguard and freeze proof tensometer and method of testing |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201510988292.9A CN105486838B (en) | 2015-12-25 | 2015-12-25 | It is a kind of measure soil water potential be easy to safeguard and freeze proof tensometer and method of testing |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN105486838A CN105486838A (en) | 2016-04-13 |
| CN105486838B true CN105486838B (en) | 2017-10-24 |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106771084A (en) * | 2017-01-20 | 2017-05-31 | 武汉大学 | A kind of differential pressure type soil matrix gesture measurement apparatus |
| CN107219346B (en) * | 2017-06-21 | 2019-05-21 | 中国科学院南京土壤研究所 | New soil tensometer and soil water potential measurement method |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| US4137931A (en) * | 1977-01-17 | 1979-02-06 | Hasenbeck Harold W | Conduction type soil matric potential sensor |
| US5941121A (en) * | 1997-04-17 | 1999-08-24 | The Regents Of The University Of California | Tensiometer for shallow or deep measurements including vadose zone and aquifers |
| CN2354130Y (en) * | 1998-10-07 | 1999-12-15 | 中国科学院南京土壤研究所 | Duplex soil-water tension meter |
| ES1046520Y (en) * | 2000-06-09 | 2001-06-01 | Martinez Estalisnao Martinez | DEVICE FOR EXTRACTION AND SAMPLING OF A WATER SOLUTION FROM A SUBSTRATE. |
| CN2809631Y (en) * | 2005-06-24 | 2006-08-23 | 中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所 | Soil moisture tension meter |
| CN101706495A (en) * | 2009-11-10 | 2010-05-12 | 黑龙江省水利科学研究院 | Soil water potential sensor |
| CN102937643A (en) * | 2012-11-15 | 2013-02-20 | 西北农林科技大学 | Split-type tensionmeter connected through soft pipes and used for measuring soil water potential |
| CN102987922A (en) * | 2012-12-18 | 2013-03-27 | 宁波美侬咖啡机有限公司 | Coffee machine |
| CN203535039U (en) * | 2013-10-16 | 2014-04-09 | 中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所 | Electrical logging soil depressimeter |
| CN103884830A (en) * | 2014-03-26 | 2014-06-25 | 江苏省农业科学院 | Automatic temperature compensation type soil water tension meter system and determination method |
| CN203825000U (en) * | 2014-05-23 | 2014-09-10 | 史亚宁 | Soil moisture detection device for rock and soil geology |
| CN204679491U (en) * | 2015-02-04 | 2015-09-30 | 河海大学 | A kind of new soil tensiometer |
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Effective date of registration: 20210630 Address after: 518052 room 428, building F1, TCL Science Park, 1001 Zhongshan Garden Road, Shuguang community, Xili street, Nanshan District, Shenzhen City, Guangdong Province Patentee after: Shenzhen Dezhan Intelligent Technology Co.,Ltd. Address before: Nanjing Institute of soil science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 71 East Beijing Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210008 Patentee before: NANJING INSTITUTE OF SOIL CHINESE ACADEMY OF SCIENCES |