CN105486838A - Convenient-to-maintain antifreezing tensiometer measuring soil water potential and test method - Google Patents
Convenient-to-maintain antifreezing tensiometer measuring soil water potential and test method Download PDFInfo
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- CN105486838A CN105486838A CN201510988292.9A CN201510988292A CN105486838A CN 105486838 A CN105486838 A CN 105486838A CN 201510988292 A CN201510988292 A CN 201510988292A CN 105486838 A CN105486838 A CN 105486838A
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the field of soil research tools, and particularly relates to a convenient-to-maintain antifreezing tensiometer measuring soil water potential and a test method. The tensiometer measuring soil water potential comprises a pottery clay head and a tensiometer main body; the pottery clay head is fixedly connected with the lower end of the tensiometer main body of which the upper end is provided with a sealing plug, an air vent, a water inlet pipe hole and a pressure sensor; a water inlet pipe penetrates through a sealing plug hole and is inserted into the bottom of the pottery clay head; the air vent pipe is inserted into the air vent pipe hole and is provided with an air vent one-way valve at the upper part; the upper end of the sensor is connected with a sensor connecting wire; the upper end of the water inlet pipe is detachably connected with a water feeder. The tensiometer adopts a water injection and air venting system with the one-way valve, realizes a water injection and air venting process without detaching the tensiometer main body, and air thoroughly exhausts. The integral tensiometer is buried in a soil plough layer or a larger depth, only less hoses and cables are exposed out of the earth surface, thus effectively avoiding mechanical and manual field operation damage to the instrument.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to soil investigation field of tool, be specifically related to a kind of measure soil water potential be convenient to safeguard and freeze proof tension force take into account method of testing.
Background technology
Soil moisture is that research agricultural dry morning and crop do important indicator early, is field irrigation management, Regional Hydrologic bar
The Important Parameters that part research and basin water balance-dividing calculate.Particularly along with water source judgment becomes increasingly conspicuous, all pay close attention both at home and abroad to water-saving agriculture research, soil moisture content has also just become the project often measured in water-saving agriculture research.How fast the research of assay method be mainly reflected in, accurately, economically measure soil moisture content aspect, and this is for verifying soil water regime in time, to make the decision-making of science or to take rational measure etc. significant in good time.
By analyzing existing soil water potential determining instrument, although can see that the instrument measuring soil water potential at present has a lot, principle is also a lot, have mechanical, also have digital display type, but still there is a lot of problems in using, or equipment is complicated, troublesome poeration, requires high to operator's professional knowledge.Expensive, be unfavorable for promoting and field utilization.Be exactly that power consumption is large in addition, be unfavorable for economize energy, especially under lowered in field environment, the pot life of power consumption conference limiting device.
At present, the instrument of soil water potential generally needs to be embedded in underground, allows pot clay end contact with soil, based on Soil Moisture Dynamics principle, utilize the infiltration connectivity of tensiometer internal water and the holard, the water yield reduced by tensiometer and the negative pressure of generation carry out the flow of water of reflect soil.Tensiometer irregularly adds water due to needs, and existing way is generally that its body top and tensimeter etc. are exposed to earth's surface, and stopper is left so that open and add water in top.The problem of this method is: 1) to open when plug adds water gas in tensiometer pipe and not easily drain, and operation relative complex, need certain experiences; 2) moisture body crop out, can not apply by low temperature season in the winter time; 3) body on earth's surface and pressure gauge etc. easily and machine work artificial by field damage, limit work efficiency.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is directed to that prior art exists 1) to open when plug adds water gas in tensiometer pipe not easily to drain, and operation relative complex, need certain experiences; 2) moisture body crop out, can not apply by low temperature season in the winter time; 3) body on earth's surface and pressure gauge etc. easily and machine work artificial by field damage, the problems such as restriction work efficiency, propose a kind of measure soil water potential be convenient to maintenance and freeze proof tension force takes into account method of testing.
Technical scheme of the present invention is: a kind of measure soil water potential be convenient to safeguard and freeze proof tensiometer, comprise pot clay end, tensiometer main body, pot clay end is the body of one section of sealing, the other end of pot clay end is fixedly connected with the lower end of tensiometer main body, the upper end of described tensiometer main body is provided with sealing-plug, sealing-plug is provided with vent port, water inlet pore and pressure transducer, water inlet pipe is through bottom sealing consent straight cutting to pot clay end, gas outlet is plugged in the exhaust duct aperture of sealing-plug, and the top of gas outlet is provided with exhaust check valve; The upper end of sensor is connected with sensor connect lines, and the upper end of water inlet pipe is dismountable is connected with waterworks.
Being convenient to of described measurement soil water potential is safeguarded and freeze proof tensiometer, and the lower surface of described sealing-plug is dip plane, and gas outlet is positioned at higher side, dip plane, and the lower end of gas outlet is not less than sealing-plug lower surface.
Being convenient to of described measurement soil water potential is safeguarded and freeze proof tensiometer, described waterworks comprise water source tube, with the retaining valve A be arranged in water source tube and retaining valve B, retaining valve A is connected with water inlet pipe upper end by conduit, and the pipeline of retaining valve A and retaining valve B is provided with piston type injector.
Being convenient to of described measurement soil water potential is safeguarded and freeze proof tensiometer, and described retaining valve A, is oppositely ended to the direction conducting of piston type injector by water source; Described retaining valve B, is oppositely ended to the conducting of water inlet pipe direction by piston type injector.
Being convenient to of described measurement soil water potential is safeguarded and freeze proof tensiometer, and the following face of described sealing-plug is upper spill, and the lower end of gas outlet is not less than sealing-plug lower surface.
Comprise a soil water potential method of testing for device described in claim 1, comprise following steps:
Step one: tensiometer main body to be buried in the soil of below plough horizon (or the other desired degree of depth, ensure that pot clay end is buried in the earth completely);
Step 2: tensiometer main body is connected with waterworks, pressure transducer reading machine, and utilize piston type injector toward the water filling of tensiometer main body, until air is discharged completely in main body, in gas outlet, there is water to emerge;
Step 3: leave standstill, until water balance between tensiometer and soil, pressure sensor readings is relatively stable;
Step 4: the flow of water calculating soil according to the data of pressure transducer.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: 1. the present invention has water supply and the exhaust apparatus of retaining valve, simplifies water filling and the exhaust process of tensiometer, improves field work efficiency; This device major part main body is buried in underground, can follow and avoid freezed in winter to the restriction of tensiometer service time according to actual conditions, and making north of china in winter tensiometer measure soil water potential becomes possibility.
2. this device aerial part is only flexible pipe (water supply installation can be taken away after water filling terminates), and pressure transducer cable.In crop sowing, field machinery operation even farming time, aerial part can not affect operation, takes out, thus avoid results cultivated by tensiometer periodic maintenance work with crop without the need to the tensiometer main body that will be embedded in underground.
3. novel tensiometer is by the water flooding regime of improvement conventional tension meter, embedding manner and data acquisition modes.It adopts water filling and the exhaust system of band retaining valve, realizes can carrying out water filling and exhaust process without the need to taking tensiometer body apart, accomplishes that exhaust is more thorough simultaneously.This tensiometer overall can be embedded in the even darker degree of depth of plough horizon according to design, and only there are a small amount of flexible pipe and cable exposure in earth's surface, can effectively avoid machinery and artificial farm work to the damage of instrument; Being embedded in underground simultaneously can also be effectively freeze proof, and equipment of being convenient to is at northern area use in winters such as the Yellow River and Huai He Rivers, and the scope of application is more extensive, operates easier.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is package assembly schematic diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is tensiometer main body and pot clay end cross-sectional view;
In figure, 1 is pot clay end, and 2 is water inlet pipe, and 3 is sealing-plug, and 4 is retaining valve B, 5 is retaining valve A, and 6 is water source tube, and 7 is piston type injector, and 8 is sensor connect lines, and 9 is gas outlet, 10 is exhaust check valve, and 11 is pressure transducer, and 12 is tensiometer main body, 13 arable layers.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1: a kind of measure soil water potential be convenient to safeguard and freeze proof tensiometer, comprise pot clay end, tensiometer main body, pot clay end is the body of one section of sealing, the other end of pot clay end is fixedly connected with the lower end of tensiometer main body, the upper end of described tensiometer main body is provided with sealing-plug, sealing-plug is provided with vent port, water inlet pore and pressure transducer, water inlet pipe is through bottom sealing consent straight cutting to pot clay end, gas outlet is by being plugged in the exhaust duct aperture of sealing-plug, and the top of gas outlet is provided with exhaust check valve; The upper end of sensor is connected with sensor connect lines, and the lower surface of the upper sealing-plug of water inlet pipe is dip plane, and gas outlet is positioned at higher side, dip plane, and the lower end of gas outlet is not less than sealing-plug lower surface.Waterworks comprise water source tube, and the retaining valve A be arranged in water source tube and retaining valve B, and retaining valve A is connected with water inlet pipe upper end by conduit, and the pipeline of retaining valve A and retaining valve B is provided with piston type injector.Retaining valve A, is oppositely ended to the direction conducting of piston type injector by water source; Described retaining valve B, is oppositely ended to the conducting of water inlet pipe direction by piston type injector.
Comprise a soil water potential method of testing for device described in claim 1, comprise following steps:
Step one: tensiometer main body potter's clay head end is downward, is vertically buried in the soil of below plough horizon; Be buried in below plough horizon, tensiometer main body can be made when agro-farming, need not take out, for next time carries out soil water potential test, provide convenient.
Step 2: tensiometer main body is connected with waterworks, pressure transducer reading machine, and utilize piston type injector toward tension force and main body water filling, until there is water to emerge in gas outlet; Illustrate that the air in now tensiometer main body drains.
Step 3: leave standstill, until moisture reaches balance between tensiometer and soil, pressure sensor readings device is stablized; When pressure sensor readings is stablized, known soil water potential balances;
Step 4: the flow of water calculating soil according to the data of pressure transducer.
Embodiment 2: the part identical with embodiment 1 does not repeat, the following face unlike sealing-plug is upper spill, and the lower end of gas outlet is not less than the peak of sealing-plug lower surface.
Claims (6)
1. one kind measure soil water potential be convenient to safeguard and freeze proof tensiometer, comprise pot clay end, tensiometer main body, pot clay end is the body of one section of sealing, the other end of pot clay end is fixedly connected with the lower end of tensiometer main body, it is characterized in that: the upper end of described tensiometer main body is provided with sealing-plug, sealing-plug is provided with vent port, water inlet pore and pressure transducer, water inlet pipe is through bottom sealing consent straight cutting to pot clay end, gas outlet is plugged in the exhaust duct aperture of sealing-plug, and the top of gas outlet is provided with exhaust check valve; The upper end of sensor is connected with sensor connect lines, and the upper end of water inlet pipe is dismountable is connected with waterworks.
2. measurement soil water potential according to claim 1 be convenient to safeguard and freeze proof tensiometer, it is characterized in that: the lower surface of described sealing-plug is dip plane, and gas outlet is positioned at higher side, dip plane, and the lower end of gas outlet is not less than sealing-plug lower surface.
3. measurement soil water potential according to claim 1 be convenient to safeguard and freeze proof tensiometer, it is characterized in that: described waterworks comprise water source tube, with the retaining valve A be arranged in water source tube and retaining valve B, retaining valve A is connected with water inlet pipe upper end by conduit, and the pipeline of retaining valve A and retaining valve B is provided with piston type injector.
4. measurement soil water potential according to claim 3 be convenient to safeguard and freeze proof tensiometer, it is characterized in that: described retaining valve A, is oppositely ended to the direction conducting of piston type injector by water source; Described retaining valve B, is oppositely ended to the conducting of water inlet pipe direction by piston type injector.
5. measurement soil water potential according to claim 1 be convenient to safeguard and freeze proof tensiometer, it is characterized in that: the following face of described sealing-plug is upper spill, and the lower end of gas outlet is not less than sealing-plug lower surface.
6. comprise a soil water potential method of testing for device described in claim 1, it is characterized in that: comprise following steps:
Step one: tensiometer main body is buried in the soil of below plough horizon, ensures that pot clay end is buried in the earth completely;
Step 2: tensiometer main body is connected with waterworks, pressure transducer reading machine, and utilize piston type injector toward the water filling of tensiometer main body, until air is discharged completely in main body, in gas outlet, there is water to emerge;
Step 3: leave standstill, until water balance between tensiometer and soil, pressure sensor readings is relatively stable;
Step 4: the flow of water calculating soil according to the data of pressure transducer.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201510988292.9A CN105486838B (en) | 2015-12-25 | 2015-12-25 | It is a kind of measure soil water potential be easy to safeguard and freeze proof tensometer and method of testing |
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| CN201510988292.9A CN105486838B (en) | 2015-12-25 | 2015-12-25 | It is a kind of measure soil water potential be easy to safeguard and freeze proof tensometer and method of testing |
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| CN105486838A true CN105486838A (en) | 2016-04-13 |
| CN105486838B CN105486838B (en) | 2017-10-24 |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106771084A (en) * | 2017-01-20 | 2017-05-31 | 武汉大学 | A kind of differential pressure type soil matrix gesture measurement apparatus |
| CN107219346A (en) * | 2017-06-21 | 2017-09-29 | 中国科学院南京土壤研究所 | New soil tensometer and soil water potential measuring method |
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| US4137931A (en) * | 1977-01-17 | 1979-02-06 | Hasenbeck Harold W | Conduction type soil matric potential sensor |
| US5941121A (en) * | 1997-04-17 | 1999-08-24 | The Regents Of The University Of California | Tensiometer for shallow or deep measurements including vadose zone and aquifers |
| CN2354130Y (en) * | 1998-10-07 | 1999-12-15 | 中国科学院南京土壤研究所 | Duplex soil-water tension meter |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106771084A (en) * | 2017-01-20 | 2017-05-31 | 武汉大学 | A kind of differential pressure type soil matrix gesture measurement apparatus |
| CN107219346A (en) * | 2017-06-21 | 2017-09-29 | 中国科学院南京土壤研究所 | New soil tensometer and soil water potential measuring method |
| CN107219346B (en) * | 2017-06-21 | 2019-05-21 | 中国科学院南京土壤研究所 | New soil tensometer and soil water potential measurement method |
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| CN105486838B (en) | 2017-10-24 |
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Effective date of registration: 20210630 Address after: 518052 room 428, building F1, TCL Science Park, 1001 Zhongshan Garden Road, Shuguang community, Xili street, Nanshan District, Shenzhen City, Guangdong Province Patentee after: Shenzhen Dezhan Intelligent Technology Co.,Ltd. Address before: Nanjing Institute of soil science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 71 East Beijing Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210008 Patentee before: NANJING INSTITUTE OF SOIL CHINESE ACADEMY OF SCIENCES |
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