CN217964057U

CN217964057U - Extrusion type grinding and pyrolysis integrated device for waste circuit board

Info

Publication number: CN217964057U
Application number: CN202222021365.5U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 王鹏程; 于洁; 孙小兵; 赵鹏宇; 张扬; 刘晨曦; 魏进新; 吕东岳
Original assignee: Huazhong University of Science and Technology
Current assignee: Huazhong University of Science and Technology
Priority date: 2022-08-02
Filing date: 2022-08-02
Publication date: 2022-12-06
Anticipated expiration: 2032-08-02

Abstract

The utility model relates to an abandonment circuit board retrieves technical field, and discloses an extrusion formula grinding pyrolysis integrated device for old and useless circuit board, including the furnace body, still include spiral feeding device, spiral feeding device sets up on the furnace body along vertical direction, and the periphery that just is located spiral feeding device on the furnace body is provided with the feeder hopper, and the below that just is located spiral feeding device in the furnace body is provided with the rotary-cut reducing mechanism coaxial with spiral feeding device. This an extrusion formula grinding pyrolysis integrated device for old and useless circuit board uses through spiral feeding device, rotary-cut reducing mechanism and centrifugal grinding vessel cooperation to carry, smash and centrifugal melting old and useless circuit board, its compact structure and old and useless circuit board carry out abrasive type thermal cracking under delivery pressure and centrifugal effort, and the contact effect is better, and efficiency is higher, and realized the further grinding of pyrolysis in-process, thereby facilitate for the electrolysis of follow-up noble metal.

Description

Extrusion type grinding and pyrolysis integrated device for waste circuit board

Technical Field

The utility model relates to an abandonment circuit board retrieves technical field, specifically is an extrusion formula grinding pyrolysis integrated device for old and useless circuit board.

Background

Along with the popularization of scientific and technological life, the number of electronic products is more and more, the updating frequency is faster and faster, and therefore, the generated waste circuit parts are more and more. The waste circuit board can account for about 3 percent of the total amount of the electronic garbage, the metal content of the waste circuit board is more than 40 percent, besides the main component copper, welded components and bases and the like also contain precious metals such as gold, gallium, tantalum, germanium, neodymium and the like, the content of the precious metals is far higher than that of rare precious metals in rich ores in the nature, and the waste circuit board is called as urban mine. The metals in Printed Circuit Boards (PCBs) are 16% copper, 3% iron, 2% nickel, 0.05% silver, 0.03% gold, 0.01% palladium, and less than 1% of the total weight of the board, with precious metals concentrating their commercial value beyond 80%. Therefore, effective recycling of precious metals in waste circuit boards is the key to determining whether the waste circuit boards can be successfully operated commercially.

Noble metals and resin in the waste circuit board are in a cross-linked state, so that the difficulty in separating and recovering the metals is high; and the presence of brominated epoxy resin can greatly increase the cost of pollution treatment. Therefore, the waste circuit board recycling industry faces a serious challenge, and it is a necessary trend to seek a waste circuit board recycling process with energy saving, environmental protection and high economic benefit. The Umicore company which is the most successful case at that time provides a technology for coupling and melting waste circuit boards by using a metallurgical furnace when the Umicore company belongs to foreign Belgium, and achieves better effect. However, this technique requires a large metallurgical furnace, and is not suitable for miniaturization. At present, the precious metal in domestic waste circuit boards is recycled in a few researches, and a reliable and efficient device is not provided at present. Therefore, research on a small and efficient precious metal recovery technology for waste circuit boards is imperative.

The pyrolysis pretreatment is to decompose organic matters by high-temperature heating under the condition of no oxygen or oxygen deficiency to generate gas, liquid (oil), solid (coke) and the like to be separated from metal primarily, is a mode which is economical and environment-friendly at present, has high efficiency, and can reduce the environmental pollution of later links. The high polymer is cracked in the pyrolysis process, and the connection degree with the noble metal is reduced, so that the wet hair recovery in the next step is facilitated.

Traditional pyrolysis treatment equipment has that energy utilization is not high, smashes technical problem such as inadequately resulting in that noble metal extraction efficiency is low, so proposes an extrusion formula grinding pyrolysis integrated device for old and useless circuit board and solves above-mentioned problem.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

Technical problem to be solved

The utility model provides a not enough to prior art, the utility model provides an extrusion formula grinding pyrolysis integrated device for old and useless circuit board possesses advantages such as simple and convenient high-efficient multiple extrusion and abrasive type pyrolysis, has solved traditional pyrolysis treatment equipment and has had that energy utilization is not high, smash the problem that insufficiently leads to the noble metal extraction efficiency low.

(II) technical scheme

For the purpose of realizing above-mentioned simple and convenient high-efficient multiple extrusion and abrasive type pyrolysis, the utility model provides a following technical scheme: a extrusion formula grinding pyrolysis integrated device for old and useless circuit board, the induction cooker comprises a cooker bod, still include spiral feeding device, spiral feeding device sets up on the furnace body along vertical direction, the periphery that just is located spiral feeding device on the furnace body is provided with the feeder hopper, the below that just is located spiral feeding device in the furnace body is provided with the rotary-cut reducing mechanism coaxial with spiral feeding device, the below that just is located rotary-cut reducing mechanism in the furnace body is provided with the centrifugal grinding cylinder with spiral feeding device coaxial rotation, centrifugal grinding cylinder keeps away from the ascending internal diameter of rotary-cut reducing mechanism side along it and scales up in proper order, be provided with the drive arrangement who is connected with the transmission of centrifugal grinding cylinder on the furnace body, the below that just is located centrifugal grinding cylinder on the furnace body is provided with heating device, the periphery that just is located centrifugal grinding cylinder on the furnace body is provided with the discharge gate, the height of discharge gate is greater than the minimum mounting height of centrifugal grinding cylinder.

Preferably, the spiral feeding device includes a drive motor, a hollow cylinder, a through hole and a spiral blade, the vertical setting of a drive motor and the furnace body are gone up and are extended to the furnace body in, the hollow cylinder is coaxial to be set up on a drive motor's output shaft and to run through and extend to outside the furnace body, the through hole has been seted up to the outer wall cylinder of hollow cylinder, the below that just is located the through hole on the hollow cylinder is provided with the spiral blade, the feeder hopper is located the periphery of spiral blade.

Preferably, the rotary cutting and crushing device comprises a fixed cutter and a movable cutter, the fixed cutter is arranged on the inner wall of the furnace body and is positioned below the spiral blades, and the movable cutter is arranged on the hollow cylinder and is used for being matched with the fixed cutter to crush the waste circuit board.

Preferably, the driving device comprises a second motor, a driving gear, a transmission gear and a fluted disc, the second motor is vertically arranged on the furnace body, the output shaft of the second motor is provided with the driving gear, the furnace body is provided with the transmission gear meshed with the driving gear, the outer wall of the centrifugal grinding cylinder is provided with the fluted disc meshed with the transmission gear, the number of teeth of the driving gear is less than that of the transmission gear, and the number of teeth of the transmission gear is less than that of the fluted disc.

Preferably, the heating device comprises a heat-conducting plate and a combustion chamber, the heat-conducting plate is arranged at the bottom of the furnace body, and the combustion chamber is arranged on the heat-conducting plate.

(III) advantageous effects

Compared with the prior art, the utility model provides a pyrolysis integrated device is ground to extrusion formula for old and useless circuit board possesses following beneficial effect:

this an extrusion formula grinding pyrolysis integrated device for old and useless circuit board uses through spiral feeding device, rotary-cut reducing mechanism and centrifugal grinding vessel cooperation to carry, smash and centrifugal melting old and useless circuit board, its compact structure and old and useless circuit board carry out abrasive type thermal cracking under delivery pressure and centrifugal effort, and the contact effect is better, and efficiency is higher, and realized the further grinding of pyrolysis in-process, thereby facilitate for the electrolysis of follow-up noble metal.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a front sectional view of the structure of the extrusion type grinding and pyrolysis integrated device for the waste circuit board of the present invention;

fig. 2 is an enlarged view of a portion a in fig. 1.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by a person skilled in the art without creative efforts all belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

Referring to fig. 1-2, an extrusion type grinding and pyrolysis integrated device for waste circuit boards comprises a furnace body 1 and a spiral conveying device 2, wherein the spiral conveying device 2 is arranged at the top of the furnace body 1 along a vertical direction and penetrates through and extends into the furnace body 1, a feed hopper 3 is fixedly arranged on the furnace body 1 and positioned at the periphery of the spiral conveying device 2, a rotary cutting and crushing device 4 coaxial with the spiral conveying device 2 is arranged in the furnace body 1 and positioned below the spiral conveying device 2, a centrifugal grinding cylinder 5 coaxially rotating with the spiral conveying device 2 is movably arranged in the furnace body 1 and positioned below the rotary cutting and crushing device 4, the centrifugal grinding cylinder 5 is fixedly connected with the furnace body 1 through a rotary support, inner diameters of the centrifugal grinding cylinder 5 along the direction away from the rotary cutting and crushing device 4 are sequentially increased in an increasing manner, a driving device 6 in transmission connection with the centrifugal grinding cylinder 5 is arranged on the furnace body 1, a heating device 7 is arranged on the furnace body 1 and positioned below the centrifugal grinding cylinder 5, a centrifugal discharge port 8 is arranged on the furnace body 1 and positioned at the periphery of the centrifugal grinding cylinder 5, and the height of the centrifugal grinding cylinder 8 is greater than the lowest installation height of the centrifugal grinding cylinder 5; the spiral conveying device 2 drives the feed hopper 3 to enter the waste circuit board in the furnace body 1 to apply pressure downwards, the rotary cutting crushing device 4 is used for crushing the waste circuit board, meanwhile, the heating device 7 is used for heating the furnace body 1, the crushed waste circuit board is melted at high temperature, and the driving device 6 is used for driving the centrifugal grinding cylinder 5 to rotate at high speed, because the internal diameter of the centrifugal grinding cylinder 5 along the direction away from the rotary cutting crushing device 4 is sequentially increased, the crushed waste circuit board carries out centrifugal motion under the action of the centrifugal grinding cylinder 5 and passes through a narrower gap between the centrifugal grinding cylinder 5 and the furnace body 1, so that the friction force, the pressure and the heat exchange efficiency between the waste circuit board particle substances and the centrifugal grinding cylinder 5 and the furnace body 1 are increased, and further the melting efficiency of the grinding and pyrolysis integrated device is improved, finally, gas decomposed after heating waste circuit board particle substances enters the rotary cutting and crushing device 4, the spiral conveying device 2 and the feed hopper 3 through the furnace body 1 to preheat the pre-melted waste circuit board, so that the melting efficiency of the grinding and pyrolysis integrated device is further improved, finally, the height of the discharge port 8 is larger than the lowest mounting height of the centrifugal grinding cylinder 5, so that the bottom of the centrifugal grinding cylinder 5 is sealed after the waste circuit board particle substances are melted, the phenomenon that the melting efficiency of the grinding and pyrolysis integrated device is affected due to the fact that a large amount of gas decomposed after heating the waste circuit board particle substances in the centrifugal grinding cylinder 5 overflows from the discharge port 8 is avoided, meanwhile, a small amount of gas decomposed after heating the waste circuit board particle substances at the periphery of the centrifugal grinding cylinder 5 is discharged from the discharge port 8, and the phenomenon that the melting efficiency of the grinding and pyrolysis integrated device is affected due to the fact that the waste circuit board particle substances in a molten state are solidified due to the fact that the temperature of the discharge port 8 is reduced too fast is avoided, the effects of simple, convenient and efficient multiple extrusion and grinding type pyrolysis are achieved.

Preferably, the spiral material conveying device 2 comprises a first driving motor 21, a hollow cylinder 22, a through hole 23 and spiral blades 24, the first driving motor 21 is vertically and fixedly installed on the top of the furnace body 1 and penetrates through the top of the furnace body 1 and extends into the furnace body 1, the hollow cylinder 22 is coaxially and fixedly installed with an output shaft of the first driving motor 21 and penetrates through the output shaft of the furnace body 1, a sealing bearing matched with the hollow cylinder 22 and the output shaft of the first driving motor 21 is fixedly installed on the furnace body 1, the through hole 23 is formed in the cylindrical surface of the outer wall of the hollow cylinder 22, exhaust ends of the hollow cylinder 22, the feed hopper 3 and the discharge port 8 are communicated with external waste gas treatment equipment, the situation that harmful gas is directly discharged to pollute air after waste circuit board particle substances are melted is avoided, the spiral blades 24 are fixedly installed on the cylindrical surface of the outer wall of the hollow cylinder 22 and below the through hole 23, and the feed hopper 3 is fixedly installed on the furnace body 1 and is located at the periphery of the spiral blades 24; the first driving motor 21 drives the hollow cylinder 22 and the spiral blades 24 to rotate, the spiral blades 24 press the waste circuit boards entering the furnace body 1 from the feed hopper 3, and the situation that the melting efficiency of the grinding and pyrolysis integrated device is affected due to the fact that the waste circuit board particulate matters in a melting state are gathered in the furnace body 1 due to the fact that the centrifugal force in the centrifugal grinding cylinder 5 is too small is avoided, meanwhile, a large amount of gas decomposed after the waste circuit board particulate matters are heated is led out in a backflow mode through the through holes 23 in the hollow cylinder 22, so that heat in the gas is absorbed by the hollow cylinder 22 and the waste circuit board particulate matters are heated secondarily, the heat recycling and melting efficiency of the grinding and pyrolysis integrated device are further improved, meanwhile, the inner side centrifugal force is applied to the waste circuit board particulate matters in the coaxial rotation process of the hollow cylinder 22 and the centrifugal grinding cylinder 5, the outer side centrifugal force applied to the waste circuit board particulate matters by the centrifugal grinding cylinder 5 is matched, turbulence of the waste circuit board particulate matters under the action of different centrifugal forces is accelerated, and the melting efficiency of the waste circuit board particulate matters in a high-temperature and high-pressure state is further improved.

Preferably, the rotary cutting and crushing device 4 comprises a fixed cutter 42 and a movable cutter 41, the fixed cutter 42 is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the furnace body 1 and is positioned below the spiral blade 24, and the movable cutter 41 is fixedly installed on the hollow cylinder 22 and is used for crushing the waste circuit board in cooperation with the fixed cutter 42; the movable knife 41 is fixedly arranged on the hollow cylinder 22, so that the power source is reduced, the movable knife 41, the hollow cylinder 22 and the spiral blades 24 synchronously rotate and are matched with the fixed knife 42 on the inner wall of the furnace body 1 to cut and crush the waste circuit board, and the situation that the melting efficiency of the grinding and pyrolysis integrated device is influenced due to the fact that the heat absorption area is small due to the fact that the size of the waste circuit board is too large is avoided.

Preferably, the driving device 6 comprises a second motor 61, a driving gear 62, a transmission gear 63 and a fluted disc 64, the second motor 61 is fixedly installed on the furnace body 1 along the vertical direction, the driving gear 62 is sleeved on an output shaft of the second motor 61, the furnace body 1 is movably provided with the transmission gear 63 engaged with the driving gear 62, the outer wall of the centrifugal grinding cylinder 5 is fixedly provided with the fluted disc 64 engaged with the transmission gear 63, the number of teeth of the driving gear 62 is less than that of the transmission gear 63, and the number of teeth of the transmission gear 63 is less than that of the fluted disc 64; the second motor 61 drives the driving gear 62, the transmission gear 63, the fluted disc 64 and the centrifugal grinding cylinder 5 to rotate, the tooth numbers of the driving gear 62, the transmission gear 63 and the fluted disc 64 are gradually increased, the rotating speed ratio between the centrifugal grinding cylinder 5 and the hollow cylinder 22 is further increased, and the situation that the waste circuit board particle substances in a molten state are accumulated inside the furnace body 1 to influence the melting efficiency of the grinding and pyrolysis integrated device due to synchronous rotation of the waste circuit board particle substances in the centrifugal grinding cylinder 5 is avoided.

Preferably, the heating device 7 comprises a heat conducting plate 71 and a combustion chamber 72, the heat conducting plate 71 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the furnace body 1, and the combustion chamber 72 is fixedly installed on the heat conducting plate 71; the fuel inside the combustion chamber 72 is combusted to generate a large amount of heat to heat the heat conducting plate 71, and then the heat conducting plate 71 evenly transmits the heat to the furnace body 1 and melts the waste circuit board particle substances, so that the situation that the local heating of the inner wall of the furnace body 1 is uneven to influence the melting efficiency of the grinding and pyrolysis integrated device is avoided.

It is noted that, herein, relational terms such as first and second, and the like may be used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Also, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrases "comprising a," "8230," "8230," or "comprising" does not exclude the presence of additional like elements in a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element.

Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A extrusion formula grinding pyrolysis integrated device for old and useless circuit board, including furnace body (1), its characterized in that: the spiral grinding device is characterized by further comprising a spiral conveying device (2), the spiral conveying device (2) is arranged on the furnace body (1) in the vertical direction, a feed hopper (3) is arranged on the furnace body (1) and on the periphery of the spiral conveying device (2), a rotary-cut grinding device (4) coaxial with the spiral conveying device (2) is arranged in the furnace body (1) and below the spiral conveying device (2), a centrifugal grinding cylinder (5) coaxially rotating with the spiral conveying device (2) is arranged in the furnace body (1), the inner diameter of the centrifugal grinding cylinder (5) in the direction far away from the rotary-cut grinding device (4) is sequentially increased in an increasing mode along the centrifugal grinding cylinder, a driving device (6) in transmission connection with the centrifugal grinding cylinder (5) is arranged on the furnace body (1), a heating device (7) is arranged on the furnace body (1) and below the centrifugal grinding cylinder (5), a discharge port (8) is arranged on the periphery of the furnace body (1) and on the periphery of the centrifugal grinding cylinder (5), and the height of the discharge port (8) is greater than the lowest installation height of the centrifugal grinding cylinder (5).

2. The extrusion type grinding and pyrolysis integrated device for the waste circuit boards as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: spiral feeding device (2) include first driving motor (21), hollow cylinder (22), through-hole (23) and spiral leaf (24), vertical setting of first driving motor (21) is gone up and is extended to in furnace body (1), hollow cylinder (22) coaxial set up on the output shaft of first driving motor (21) and run through and extend to outside furnace body (1), through-hole (23) have been seted up to the outer wall cylinder of hollow cylinder (22), the below that just is located through-hole (23) on hollow cylinder (22) is provided with spiral leaf (24), feeder hopper (3) are located the periphery of spiral leaf (24).

3. The extrusion type grinding and pyrolysis integrated device for the waste circuit board as claimed in claim 2, is characterized in that: the rotary cutting and crushing device (4) comprises a movable cutter (41) and a fixed cutter (42), the fixed cutter (42) is arranged on the inner wall of the furnace body (1) and is positioned below the spiral blade (24), and the movable cutter (41) is arranged on the hollow cylinder (22) and is used for being matched with the fixed cutter (42) to crush the waste circuit board.

4. The extrusion type grinding and pyrolysis integrated device for the waste circuit boards as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: drive arrangement (6) include second motor (61), drive gear (62), drive gear (63) and fluted disc (64), second motor (61) are vertical to be set up on furnace body (1), be provided with drive gear (62) on the output shaft of second motor (61), be provided with on furnace body (1) with drive gear (62) engaged with drive gear (63), the outer wall of centrifugal grinding vessel (5) is provided with fluted disc (64) with drive gear (63) engaged with, the number of teeth of drive gear (62) is less than the number of teeth of drive gear (63), the number of teeth of drive gear (63) is less than the number of teeth of fluted disc (64).

5. The extrusion type grinding and pyrolysis integrated device for the waste circuit board as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: the heating device (7) comprises a heat conduction plate (71) and a combustion chamber (72), the heat conduction plate (71) is arranged at the bottom of the furnace body (1), and the combustion chamber (72) is arranged on the heat conduction plate (71).