CN217962474U - Cold hydrogenation fluidized bed reactor applying double-channel nozzle gas distribution plate - Google Patents

Cold hydrogenation fluidized bed reactor applying double-channel nozzle gas distribution plate Download PDF

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CN217962474U
CN217962474U CN202222137614.7U CN202222137614U CN217962474U CN 217962474 U CN217962474 U CN 217962474U CN 202222137614 U CN202222137614 U CN 202222137614U CN 217962474 U CN217962474 U CN 217962474U
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distribution plate
nozzle
channel
fluidized bed
double
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郭宏新
江郡
吕子婷
汪芳
赵阳
朱兵成
金如聪
钟宇航
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Jiangsu Zhongsheng Pressure Vessel Equipment Manufacturing Co ltd
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Jiangsu Zhongsheng Pressure Vessel Equipment Manufacturing Co ltd
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Abstract

A cold hydrogenation fluidized bed reactor applying a double-channel nozzle gas distribution plate is characterized by comprising a distribution plate, through holes formed in the distribution plate, a sleeve, a double-channel nozzle and a fixing nut. The distribution plate is of a concave arc structure, the sleeve is welded at the through hole of the distribution plate, the double-channel nozzle is connected with the sleeve through threads, and then the double-channel nozzle is fixed under the sleeve through a fixing nut. The nozzle structure can greatly improve the uniformity of gas flow distribution, increase the retention time of gas in the reactor and improve the conversion rate of reaction with silicon powder; the double-channel nozzle structure can overcome the defects that the traditional hood type nozzle is easy to wash and deform, and can also overcome the problems that silicon powder is sucked backwards and enters and blocks the nozzle in the traditional side-opening bell-type hood. The mounting structure of two screw threads can improve the fastness of nozzle installation when making things convenient for nozzle dismantlement, change, prevents that the nozzle from being washed down by the air current, realizes cold hydrogenation fluidized bed reactor's long-term, steady operation.

Description

Cold hydrogenation fluidized bed reactor applying double-channel nozzle gas distribution plate
Technical Field
The utility model belongs to the technical field of the chemical industry equipment technique and specifically relates to a structural design and the mounting form of polycrystalline silicon apparatus for producing cold hydrogenation fluidized bed reactor gas distribution board and nozzle, specifically speaking is an use binary channels nozzle gas distribution board's cold hydrogenation fluidized bed reactor.
Background
At present, the domestic polycrystalline silicon device mostly adopts an improved Siemens method production process, and a byproduct silicon tetrachloride in production is converted into trichlorosilane by adopting a cold hydrogenation process, so that the cyclic utilization is realized. The cold hydrogenation reactor is the core equipment of the cold hydrogenation device, and the distribution plate of the reactor is the core internal part. The distribution plate structure with nozzles is more applied at present.
The distribution plate nozzle has three types of tubular straight-through type, hood type and bell type. The tubular straight-through type structure is simple, convenient to overhaul, poor in uniform distribution effect of gas, and during parking, if improper in operation, silicon powder directly falls into the nozzle easily, and then blocks up the nozzle, and the stability of operation is influenced. The utility model patent of china 203653260 strengthens the air current equipartition effect through the form of installing the guide plate in tubulose through-type nozzle, but this kind of structure has not only increased the manufacturing degree of difficulty, and the guide plate is also washed away by the air current easily and is out of shape, aggravates the unstability of operation. Although the blast cap type nozzle can strengthen the uniform distribution effect of the air flow, the small air outlet holes of the blast cap are easy to be scoured and deformed by the air flow with the silicon powder, so that the resistance of the distribution plate is greatly changed. The bell-type blast cap is characterized in that an outer sleeve is additionally arranged on the outer side of an original blast cap type nozzle structure to protect a small vent hole of the blast cap, and the problem that the small vent hole of the blast cap is easy to wash and deform is solved. However, the bell-jar type hood adopts the mode of opening the side of the outer sleeve, and the size of the opening on the side is larger than that of the small air outlet hole, which can cause the air flow velocity at the small air outlet hole of the hood to be high, the air flow velocity at the opening of the outer sleeve to be low, silicon powder is easy to suck back into the outer sleeve, even into the small air outlet hole, and block the nozzle, thereby causing the gas to generate bias flow, causing the phenomena that the flow velocity at the part of the unblocked through hole of the nozzle is too high and the silicon powder is blown back and falls off, and causing the phenomena that the reactor is washed and punched by the air flow with the silicon powder, thereby influencing the long-term stable operation of the reactor.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The utility model aims to overcome and have had in the cold hydrogenation fluidized bed reactor gas distribution board technique, gas distribution is uneven, and the hood nozzle is given vent to anger the aperture and is easily blockked up, wearing and tearing, and the nozzle is difficult for dismantling, overhauls, installs insecure scheduling problem, provides an use binary channels nozzle gas distribution board's cold hydrogenation fluidized bed reactor.
The technical scheme of the utility model is that:
a cold hydrogenation fluidized bed reactor applying a double-channel nozzle gas distribution plate is characterized in that: the gas distribution plate comprises a lower end enclosure 1, a gas inlet pipe 2, a distribution plate 3, two-channel nozzles 4, a sleeve 5 and a fixing nut 6, wherein the gas inlet pipe 2 is arranged on the lower end enclosure 1, the distribution plate 3 is arranged in the lower end enclosure 1 and adopts a concave arc structure, a plurality of through holes 31 for mounting the channel nozzles 4 are formed in the distribution plate, the sleeve 5 is fixed in the through holes 31, and the sleeve 5 is provided with an internal thread; the double-channel nozzle 4 is connected with a sleeve 5 through threads and then fixed under the sleeve 5 by using a fixing nut 6.
The upper end of binary channels nozzle 4 be equipped with toper hood 41, be double-barrelled airflow channel below the awl cap structure, including embedded tedge 42 and overcoat downcomer 43, embedded tedge 42 and overcoat downcomer 43 arrange with the axle center, the top all is sealed by toper hood 41, embedded tedge 42 lower extreme is opened has the air current import, and this air current import is located the lower part of distribution plate 3, overcoat downcomer 43 lower extreme is opened has the air current export that is located distribution plate 3 upper portion.
A plurality of vent holes 44 are distributed on the embedded riser 43 near the top, and the airflow turns from the embedded riser 42 to flow into the outer sleeve downcomer 43 through the vent holes 44 and then flows out from the airflow outlet of the outer sleeve downcomer 43 to enter the reactor.
The vent holes 44 are distributed on the wall surface of the embedded riser 42 and are uniformly distributed along the radial direction of the nozzle.
The ventilation holes 44 are inclined downwards 10-30 degrees along the radial direction of the double-channel nozzle 4.
The number of the vent holes 44 is even, and the vent holes are arranged in a single row or multiple rows.
Particularly, the double-channel nozzles are arranged on the concave arc-shaped distribution plate, and the distribution plate adopts a concave arc-shaped structure, so that the bearable thermal stress range is increased, and the aperture ratio of the distribution plate is improved. The distribution plate is provided with distribution plate through holes, the sleeve penetrates through the distribution plate through holes and is welded on the distribution plate, the double-channel nozzle is connected with the sleeve through threads, and the nozzle is reinforced by using a fixing nut below the sleeve. The structure is not only beneficial to the disassembly and replacement of the nozzle, but also can improve the firmness of the nozzle installation and prevent the nozzle from being washed down by the airflow.
The upper end of the double-channel nozzle is of a conical hood structure, an air flow double channel is arranged below the conical hood structure and comprises an embedded ascending pipe and an outer sleeve descending pipe, the embedded ascending pipe and the outer sleeve descending pipe are coaxially arranged, and the top ends of the embedded ascending pipe and the outer sleeve descending pipe are sealed by conical hoods. The lower end of the embedded riser is provided with an opening and is arranged below the distribution plate; the lower end of the outer jacket downcomer is also provided with an opening and is positioned 20-50mm above the distribution plate. A plurality of vent holes are distributed at the position of the embedded ascending pipe, which is 20-50mm close to the top end, and the vent holes are uniformly distributed along the radial direction of the nozzle. The air flow enters the double-channel nozzle from the inlet of the embedded ascending pipe, flows upwards along the ascending pipe, flows out from the vent hole, enters the outer sleeve descending pipe, is converted from upwards flowing to downwards flowing, and finally flows out from the lower end outlet of the outer sleeve descending pipe.
The number and the distribution form of the nozzles are determined by the target aperture ratio of the distribution plate, and the aperture ratio of the reaction distribution plate of the cold hydrogenation fluidized bed is designed to be 0.1-0.3%. The distribution mode can be designed into concentric circle arrangement according to the arrangement of the silicon powder inlet pipes and the size of the distribution plate, and can also be in the forms of 90-degree square arrangement, 60-degree hexagonal arrangement and the like. The nozzles are arranged in the range of 0.8 times the diameter of the bed in the reactor.
The conical blast cap structure is arranged above the nozzle, so that the silicon powder can slide off, the accumulation of the silicon powder is reduced, the fluidization quality is improved, and the angle of the conical cap is related to the accumulation angle of the silicon powder and is between 60 and 110 degrees; the embedded ascending pipe of the nozzle plays a role in air flow pre-distribution, so the diameter is not suitable to be too large, but if the diameter of the ascending pipe is too small, the air flow is easy to be too fast, the pressure drop of the distribution plate can be increased, the scouring on the top end of the nozzle is increased, and the diameter of the embedded ascending pipe is designed to be phi 15-60mm according to the difference of air flow; the outer descending pipe plays a role in protecting the vent holes, preventing air flow from rushing towards each other and preventing the vent holes from being scoured and worn by the silicon powder. Therefore, the air flow channel of the outer sleeve descending pipe is not too large to prevent the silicon powder from being sucked back into the nozzle when the vehicle is stopped, but is not too small to prevent the air flow speed at the outlet of the descending pipe from being too large and increase the washing of the air flow to the distribution plate, and the channel area of the outer sleeve descending pipe is designed to be 2-5 times of that of the ascending pipe. The height from the lower end outlet of the outer sleeve descending pipe to the vent hole is designed to be 120-180mm, so that the silicon powder is prevented from entering the vent hole along the outer sleeve descending pipe after being sucked back into the nozzle, and further blocking the embedded ascending pipe. The total length of the double-channel nozzle is designed to be 250-400mm.
The nozzle vent holes play the roles of pressure reduction and air flow uniform distribution, and the size and the number of the nozzle vent holes are the key of nozzle design. According to the difference of air quantity, the diameter of the vent holes is designed to be between phi 1.5 and phi 3.5, the number of the vent holes is even, so as to avoid the deviation of the air flow, and the number of the vent holes can be designed to be 6-12. The vent hole area of each nozzle is smaller than the channel area of the embedded riser. The vent holes can be horizontally and uniformly distributed along the radial direction of the nozzle, and can also be downwards inclined by 10-30 degrees along the radial direction of the nozzle, so that the scouring of the air flow to the inner wall surface of the nozzle is reduced. Furthermore, the air outlet holes can be arranged in a multi-row structure from a single-row structure so as to strengthen the turbulent flow of the air flow and strengthen the uniform distribution effect.
Two sections of thread structures are designed below the double-channel nozzle, the upper section of threads are connected with the threads of the sleeve, and the lower section of threads are connected with the fixing nut.
The beneficial effects of the utility model are that:
the gas of the utility model flows into the outer-sleeve downcomer through the vent hole of the double-channel nozzle and then enters the reactor from the gas outlet of the downcomer, so that the distribution uniformity can be greatly improved, the retention time of the gas in the reactor is increased, and the conversion rate of the reaction with the silicon powder is improved; the double-channel nozzle structure has the advantages that the vent holes are protected by the outer sleeve, the defects that the stability of a reaction bed layer is influenced because the traditional hood type nozzle is easily washed and deformed can be overcome, and long-term and stable operation of a cold hydrogenation reaction is realized; the outer sleeve has a downward air outlet, so that the problem that silicon powder is easy to suck backwards under negative pressure in a traditional bell-type hood with a side opening can be solved, and the silicon powder is prevented from blocking a nozzle; the form of fixing the nozzle together by the sleeve and the nut is favorable for the disassembly and the replacement of the nozzle, the firmness of the nozzle installation can be improved, and the nozzle is prevented from being washed down by air flow.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a cold hydrogenation fluidized bed reactor of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the distribution plate arrangement of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a structure diagram of the dual-channel nozzle of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a layout diagram of the dual channel nozzle vent holes of the present invention.
Labeled in the figure as: 1-lower end socket, 2-air inlet pipe, 3-distribution plate, 31-distribution plate through hole, 4-double channel nozzle, 41-nozzle conical cap, 42-embedded ascending pipe, 43-outer sleeve descending pipe, 44-vent hole, 45-nozzle upper section thread, 46-nozzle lower section thread, 5-sleeve and 6-nut.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further explained below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific examples described herein are for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the invention.
As shown in fig. 1.
A cold hydrogenation fluidized bed reactor applying a double-channel nozzle gas distribution plate comprises a lower seal head 1, an air inlet pipe 2, a distribution plate 3, through holes 31 formed in the distribution plate, a double-channel nozzle 4, a sleeve 5 and a fixing nut 6. Wherein the distribution plate 3 adopts the concave arc structure on the distribution plate, sleeve pipe 5 passes distribution plate through-hole 31, welds on the distribution plate, and binary channels nozzle 4 is connected with sleeve pipe 5 through the screw thread, and below the sleeve pipe, the nozzle uses fixation nut 6 to consolidate. The nozzle is convenient to detach and replace, the firmness of nozzle installation is improved, and the nozzle is prevented from being washed down by air flow;
as shown in fig. 2, the upper end of the two-channel nozzle 4 is in a conical hood structure 41; the lower part of the cone cap structure 41 is provided with an air flow double channel, which comprises an embedded ascending pipe 42 and an outer sleeve descending pipe 43, the embedded ascending pipe and the outer sleeve descending pipe are arranged coaxially, and the top ends of the embedded ascending pipe and the outer sleeve descending pipe are sealed by cone-shaped wind caps. The lower end of the embedded riser 42 is opened and arranged below the distribution plate; the outer jacket downcomer 43 is likewise open at its lower end and is located 30mm above the distribution plate. The embedded ascending pipe 42 is distributed with a plurality of vent holes 44 near the top end 25mm, and the vent holes 44 are uniformly distributed along the radial direction of the nozzle. The gas flow enters the dual-channel nozzle from the inlet of the embedded riser 42, flows upwards along the riser, flows out through the vent holes 44, enters the outer-sleeve downcomer 43, is converted from upward flow to downward flow, and finally flows out through the lower-end outlet of the outer-sleeve downcomer 43.
The number and the distribution form of the nozzles are determined by the target aperture ratio of the distribution plate, the distribution form can be designed to be concentric circle arrangement, or 90-degree square arrangement, 60-degree hexagonal arrangement and the like according to the arrangement of the silicon powder inlet pipe and the size of the distribution plate, and the concentric circle arrangement scheme is designed in the scheme. The nozzles are arranged in the range of 0.8 times the diameter of the bed in the reactor.
A conical blast cap structure is arranged above the nozzle to reduce the accumulation of the silicon powder and improve the fluidization quality, the angle of the conical blast cap is related to the accumulation angle of the silicon powder, and the angle is designed to be 90 degrees in the embodiment; the embedded riser 42 of the nozzle plays a role of air flow pre-distribution, and the diameter is designed to be phi 20 +/-2 mm; the outer descending pipe 43 plays a role in protecting the vent holes, preventing the air flow from rushing towards each other and preventing the vent holes from being scoured and worn by the silicon powder, and the diameter is designed to be phi 30 +/-2 mm in the case. The height from the outlet at the lower end of the outer sleeve descending pipe 43 to the vent hole 44 is designed to be 150mm, so that the silicon powder is prevented from entering the vent hole 44 along the outer sleeve descending pipe after being sucked back into the nozzle, and further blocking the embedded ascending pipe 42. The length of the entire nozzle is designed to be 350mm.
The nozzle vents 44 serve to reduce pressure and to evenly distribute the flow of gas, the size and number of which are critical to the nozzle design. The diameter of the vent holes is designed to be phi 2mm, the number of the vent holes is 8, the vent holes are horizontally and uniformly distributed along the radial direction of the nozzle, and the vent holes are arranged in a single row.
Two sections of thread structures 45 and 46 are designed below the double-channel nozzle, the upper section of the thread 45 of the nozzle is connected with the thread of the sleeve 5, and the lower end of the thread 46 of the nozzle is connected with the fixing nut 6.
In use, the gas flows into the outer descending pipe 43 through the vent hole 44 of the double-channel nozzle and then enters the reactor from the gas outlet of the descending pipe, so that the distribution uniformity can be greatly improved, the retention time of the gas in the reactor is increased, and the conversion rate of the reaction with the silicon powder is improved; the double-channel nozzle structure has the advantages that the vent holes are protected by the outer sleeve, the defects that the traditional hood type nozzle is easy to wash and deform and the stability of a reaction bed layer is influenced can be overcome, and long-term and stable operation of the cold hydrogenation reaction is realized; the outer sleeve has a downward air outlet, so that the problem that silicon powder is easy to suck backwards under negative pressure in a traditional bell-type hood with a side opening can be solved, and the silicon powder is prevented from blocking a nozzle; the form of fixing the nozzle together by the sleeve and the nut is favorable for the disassembly and the replacement of the nozzle, the firmness of the nozzle installation can be improved, and the nozzle is prevented from being washed down by air flow.
The above is only an embodiment of the present invention, but it is obvious to those skilled in the art that the present invention can be applied to cold hydrogenation fluidized bed reactors of other specifications and sizes according to the above examples, except that the size changes and choices, such as the aperture, number, direction, arrangement of the vent holes, etc., can be made according to the implementation requirements, but the measures taken are still considered to be included in the scope of the present invention.
The utility model discloses the part that does not relate to is the same with prior art or can adopt prior art to realize.

Claims (10)

1. A cold hydrogenation fluidized bed reactor applying a double-channel nozzle gas distribution plate is characterized in that: the novel air distribution plate comprises a lower end enclosure (1), an air inlet pipe (2), a distribution plate (3), two-channel nozzles (4), a sleeve (5) and a fixing nut (6), wherein the air inlet pipe (2) is arranged on the lower end enclosure (1), the distribution plate (3) is arranged in the lower end enclosure (1) and adopts a concave arc structure, a plurality of through holes (31) for mounting the channel nozzles (4) are formed in the distribution plate, the sleeve (5) is fixed in the through holes (31), and the sleeve (5) is provided with an internal thread; the double-channel nozzle (4) is connected with the sleeve (5) through threads and then fixed under the sleeve (5) by using a fixing nut (6).
2. The cold hydrogenation fluidized bed reactor applying the two-channel nozzle gas distribution plate according to claim 1, wherein: the upper end of binary channels nozzle (4) be equipped with toper hood (41), the cone cap structure below is double-barrelled airflow channel, including embedded tedge (42) and overcoat downcomer (43), embedded tedge (42) and overcoat downcomer (43) arrange with the axle center, the top all is sealed by toper hood (41), embedded tedge (42) lower extreme is opened there is the air current import, and this air current import is located the lower part of distributing plate (3), overcoat downcomer (43) lower extreme is opened there is the air current export that is located distributing plate (3) upper portion.
3. The cold hydrogenation fluidized bed reactor applying the two-channel nozzle gas distribution plate according to claim 2, wherein: a plurality of vent holes (44) are distributed on the position, close to the top, of the embedded ascending pipe (42), and airflow is diverted from the embedded ascending pipe (42) through the vent holes (44) to flow into the outer sleeve descending pipe (43) and then flows out from an airflow outlet of the outer sleeve descending pipe (43) to enter the reactor.
4. The cold hydrogenation fluidized bed reactor using the two-channel nozzle gas distribution plate of claim 3, wherein: the vent holes (44) are distributed on the wall surface of the embedded riser (42) and are uniformly distributed along the radial direction of the nozzle; is distributed at the position 20-50mm close to the top end of the embedded ascending pipe (42).
5. The cold hydrogenation fluidized bed reactor applying the two-channel nozzle gas distribution plate according to claim 4, wherein: the vent holes (44) are inclined downwards by 10-30 degrees along the radial direction of the double-channel nozzle (4).
6. The cold hydrogenation fluidized bed reactor using the two-channel nozzle gas distribution plate of claim 5, wherein: the number of the vent holes (44) is even, and the vent holes are arranged in a single row or multiple rows.
7. The cold hydrogenation fluidized bed reactor applying the two-channel nozzle gas distribution plate according to claim 2, wherein: the lower end opening of the outer sleeve descending pipe (43) is positioned 20-50mm above the distribution plate.
8. The cold hydrogenation fluidized bed reactor applying the two-channel nozzle gas distribution plate according to claim 1, wherein: the number and the distribution form of the nozzles are determined by the target aperture ratio of the distribution plate, and the aperture ratio of the reaction distribution plate of the cold hydrogenation fluidized bed is designed to be 0.1-0.3%; the distribution mode is concentric circle arrangement or 90-degree square arrangement or 60-degree hexagonal arrangement according to the arrangement of the silicon powder inlet pipe and the size of the distribution plate; the nozzles are arranged within 0.8 times the diameter of the bed in the reactor.
9. The cold hydrogenation fluidized bed reactor applying the two-channel nozzle gas distribution plate according to claim 2, wherein: the conical blast cap (41) at the upper end of the double-channel nozzle (4) is beneficial to the sliding of silicon powder, the accumulation of the silicon powder is reduced, the fluidization quality is improved, and the angle of the conical blast cap is related to the accumulation angle of the silicon powder and is between 60 and 110 degrees; the embedded ascending pipe of the nozzle plays a role in air flow pre-distribution, and the diameter of the embedded ascending pipe is designed to be phi 15-60mm; the outer descending pipe plays a role in protecting the vent holes, preventing the air flow from rushing towards each other and preventing the vent holes from being scoured and worn by the silicon powder; the channel area of the outer sleeve downcomer is designed to be 2-5 times of the channel area of the riser; the height from the lower end outlet of the outer sleeve descending pipe to the vent hole is designed to be 120-180mm, so that the silicon powder is prevented from entering the vent hole along the outer sleeve descending pipe after being sucked back into the nozzle, and further blocking the embedded ascending pipe; the total length of the double-channel nozzle is designed to be 250-400mm.
10. The cold hydrogenation fluidized bed reactor applying the two-channel nozzle gas distribution plate according to claim 5, wherein: the diameter of the vent holes (44) is phi 1.5-phi 3.5, and the number of the vent holes is an even number between 6-12.
CN202222137614.7U 2022-08-15 2022-08-15 Cold hydrogenation fluidized bed reactor applying double-channel nozzle gas distribution plate Active CN217962474U (en)

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CN202222137614.7U CN217962474U (en) 2022-08-15 2022-08-15 Cold hydrogenation fluidized bed reactor applying double-channel nozzle gas distribution plate

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