CN217934200U - Antenna unit and antenna array - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses an antenna unit and antenna array, antenna array include the antenna unit and the feed network of array arrangement, antenna unit includes first radiation layer, the conducting floor that is connected the feed layer and is located between first radiation layer and the feed layer with first radiation layer, conducting floor is relative each other with first radiation layer. Wherein, the feed layer includes the feed unit, the feed unit includes the rectangular line and the first to fourth port that extends with the direction on this limit of perpendicular to in each limit of rectangular line punishment, when feeding from the third port, the voltage phase advance second port 90 of first port output, when feeding from the fourth port, the voltage phase lag second port 90 of first port output, the utility model provides an antenna unit and antenna array realize that single antenna array face possesses two ports of two circular polarizations simultaneously to left and right hand circular polarization feed network arranges on same layer dielectric plate.

Description

Antenna unit and antenna array

Technical Field

The utility model relates to an antenna technology field, in particular to antenna unit and antenna array.

Background

From ancient honeycomb cigarettes used for sharing war messages to modern "black pack" quantum communication, 5G communication and the like, communication and information exchange have been the most fundamental and fundamental survival needs of human beings since the appearance and development. With the development of electromagnetic wave communication technology in the 19 th century, radio communication has become one of the most important communication means, whether in the military or civilian fields.

The antenna, which is a front-end key device in a wireless communication system, has the function of performing conversion between guided electromagnetic waves and space electromagnetic waves, and the performance of the antenna determines the overall performance of the communication system. Important indexes of the communication system, such as information exchange rate, transmission distance, communication reliability and the like, are all related to the antenna information. Therefore, in order to meet the development requirements of wireless communication systems, the structure, form and performance of antennas have been developed and evolved.

The microstrip circular polarization antenna has gained vigorous development since the invention in the 70 s of the 20 th century, and the antenna with the structural form has the advantages of light weight, low section, flexible feed mode, convenient conformation with a carrier, easy processing and manufacturing and the like. The electromagnetic wave electric field radiated and received by the microstrip circularly polarized antenna rotates in space, so that the requirement on the placement posture of the antenna is not high, and the adaptability to a moving carrier is better. The circularly polarized wave can be polarized and reversed when encountering obstacles such as metal, water and the like, so that the multipath effect and rain and fog interference are greatly reduced, and meanwhile, the circularly polarized wave can overcome the polarization distortion caused by the Faraday rotation effect of an ionized layer. Due to the advantages, the application of the microstrip circularly polarized antenna covers the fields of satellite communication systems, global navigation systems, missile remote measurement and control, aircraft navigation and height measurement, radar systems, electronic countermeasure, radio frequency identification, mobile communication base stations, intelligent mobile terminal equipment and the like.

With the evolution and revolution of modern wireless communication technology, especially the rapid development of mobile satellite communication and mobile internet since the 21 st century, the data throughput of modern wireless data transmission and interaction is continuously increased, and the baud rate of transmitted data is continuously improved. The increasing communication rate and quality demands are driving the development of antennas towards broadband, dual polarization. Compared with the traditional narrow-band single-polarized antenna, although the dual-polarized antenna increases the complexity of an antenna feed system to a certain extent, the dual-polarized antenna has obvious advantages, not only reduces the number of antennas in communication equipment and saves the system space to reduce the cost, but also avoids the cross coupling effect possibly existing among a plurality of pairs of antennas, thereby improving the communication quality of the system.

However, the conventional satellite communication circularly polarized antenna needle usually adopts a mode of separately arranging units with a common aperture, and in order to realize dual circular polarization, two antenna arrays with separate left-hand circular polarization and right-hand circular polarization are required to be arranged, that is, the left-hand circular polarization and the right-hand circular polarization have independent units and feed networks, and the left-hand circular polarization feed network and the right-hand circular polarization feed network cannot be arranged at the same layer.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

In view of the above, an object of the present invention is to provide an antenna unit and an antenna array, which realize that a single antenna array surface has two ports of dual circular polarization simultaneously, and a left-handed circular polarization feed network and a right-handed circular polarization feed network can be arranged on the same dielectric plate, thereby reducing the size, weight and cost of the antenna array surface on the basis of ensuring the performance of the antenna.

According to an aspect of the present invention, there is provided an antenna unit, comprising: the first radiation layer comprises a first dielectric plate and a radiation unit arranged on the first dielectric plate; the feed layer is connected with the radiating element and comprises a feed unit; a conductive floor located between the first radiation layer and the feed layer and opposite to the first radiation layer; the feeding unit comprises a rectangular line and first to fourth ports extending out in a direction perpendicular to the edge at the middle point of each edge of the rectangular line, the first to fourth ports are located on the outer side of the rectangular line, the first port and the second port are output ports, and the third port and the fourth port are input ports; when power is supplied from the third port, the phase of the voltage output from the first port is advanced by 90 ° with respect to the phase of the voltage output from the second port, and when power is supplied from the fourth port, the phase of the voltage output from the first port is retarded by 90 ° with respect to the phase of the voltage output from the second port.

Optionally, the antenna unit further includes: the metal probe is used for connecting the feed unit and the radiation unit, one end of the metal probe is connected with the output port of the feed unit, and the other end of the metal probe is connected with the radiation unit; the conductive floor comprises a third dielectric plate coated with copper, the third dielectric plate comprises a through hole, and the through hole is used for allowing the metal probe to pass through.

Optionally, the antenna unit further includes: and the grounding post is used for connecting the feed unit and the conductive floor so as to enable the feed unit to be grounded.

Optionally, the feed layer includes a fourth dielectric slab, the feed point unit is disposed on the fourth dielectric slab, and a projection of the radiation unit on the fourth dielectric slab at least covers the first port and the second port.

Optionally, the antenna unit further includes: a second radiating layer including a second dielectric slab and a parasitic element disposed on the second dielectric slab, the parasitic element coupled with the radiating element to generate an additional resonance point.

Optionally, the radiation unit is a rectangular metal region formed on the first dielectric plate by etching and printing; the parasitic unit is a rectangular metal area formed on the second dielectric plate by etching and printing; and the feed unit is formed on the fourth dielectric plate by etching and printing.

Optionally, a projection of a center of the parasitic element on the first dielectric slab is the same as a center of the radiating element.

According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided an antenna array comprising the antenna elements as described above.

Optionally, the antenna array further comprises: the feed network comprises a feed unit, a left-hand circularly polarized port, a right-hand circularly polarized port and a conductive path for connecting the feed unit, the left-hand circularly polarized port and the right-hand circularly polarized port; the feeding units are arranged in an array, the third ports of each row of the feeding units are respectively connected with a plurality of third port parallel feeding points in a parallel feeding mode, the fourth ports of each row of the feeding units are respectively connected with a plurality of fourth port parallel feeding points in a parallel feeding mode, the plurality of third port parallel feeding points are located on the same line segment, the midpoint of the line segment is the left-hand circularly polarized port, the plurality of fourth port parallel feeding points are located on the same line segment, and the midpoint of the line segment is the right-hand circularly polarized port; and the parallel feed connection means that the path lengths from the third port of each row of the feed unit to the corresponding third port parallel feed point are the same.

Optionally, the feed network is formed on the fourth dielectric plate by etching and printing.

The embodiment of the utility model provides an antenna element includes radiating element, electrically conductive floor, feed unit, metal probe and earthing pole, realizes that single antenna element possesses two ports of two circular polarizations simultaneously, can generate levogyration circular polarized wave and dextrorotation circular polarized wave respectively from the different port feeds of feed unit, and uses same radiating element, on the basis of guaranteeing the antenna element performance, has reduced antenna element's size, weight and cost.

Furthermore, the embodiment of the present invention provides an antenna unit, which further includes a parasitic element located on the radiating element, and can generate an additional resonance point, and form a double resonance to improve the frequency impedance and extend the bandwidth. Meanwhile, the parasitic element is added, so that the thickness of the microstrip is only increased to about 0.14 air wavelength, and the area of the antenna element is not increased.

The utility model provides an antenna array is including the first radiation layer, electrically conductive floor and the feed layer that have a plurality of radiating element, realizes that single antenna array face possess two ports of two circular polarizations simultaneously, and public antenna bore, and levogyration circular polarization feed network and dextrorotation circular polarization feed network can arrange on same layer of dielectric plate, on the basis of guaranteeing the antenna array performance, have reduced size, weight and the cost of antenna array.

Further, the embodiment of the utility model provides an antenna array still includes the second radiation layer, and the second radiation layer includes a plurality of parasitic elements with the radiating element one-to-one on the first radiation layer, through increase parasitic element in radiating element's top, can produce extra resonance point, forms two resonances in order to improve frequency impedance and extend the bandwidth. And the addition of the parasitic element only increases the thickness of the microstrip to about 0.14 air wavelength, and the area of the antenna array is not increased.

Drawings

The above and other objects, features and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent from the following description of the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:

fig. 1 shows a schematic structural diagram of an antenna array according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 shows a schematic structural diagram of the second radiation layer of FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 shows a schematic structural diagram of the first radiation layer of FIG. 1;

FIG. 4 shows a schematic diagram of the structure of the feed layer of FIG. 1;

fig. 5 shows a schematic structural view of the feeding unit of fig. 4;

fig. 6 is a schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of an antenna unit of an antenna array according to another embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 7 shows a schematic structural diagram of the antenna element of fig. 6;

FIG. 8 shows a voltage standing wave ratio diagram for the antenna element of FIG. 6;

FIG. 9 illustrates a left hand circularly polarized port voltage standing wave ratio and a right hand circularly polarized port voltage standing wave ratio of the antenna array of FIG. 1;

FIG. 10 is a left hand circularly polarized port axial ratio plot of the antenna array of FIG. 1;

FIG. 11 is a right hand circularly polarized port axial ratio plot of the antenna array of FIG. 1;

figure 12 shows a left-handed gain pattern for the antenna array of figure 1;

figure 13 shows a right-hand gain pattern for the antenna array of figure 1.

Detailed Description

Various embodiments of the present invention will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the various figures, the same elements or modules are denoted by the same or similar reference numerals. For purposes of clarity, the various features in the drawings are not necessarily drawn to scale.

It should be understood that in the following description, "circuitry" may comprise singly or in combination hardware circuitry, programmable circuitry, state machine circuitry, and/or elements capable of storing instructions executed by programmable circuitry. When an element or circuit is referred to as being "connected to" another element or circuit is referred to as being "connected between" two nodes, it may be directly coupled or connected to the other element or intervening elements may be present, and the connection between the elements may be physical, logical, or a combination thereof. In contrast, when an element is referred to as being "directly coupled" or "directly connected" to another element, it is intended that the two be absent intermediate elements.

Also, certain terms are used throughout the description and claims to refer to particular components. As one of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate, manufacturers may refer to a component by different names. This patent specification and claims do not intend to distinguish between components that differ in name but not function.

Moreover, it is further noted that, herein, relational terms such as first and second, and the like may be used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Also, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising a … …" does not exclude the presence of another identical element in a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element.

The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Fig. 1 shows an antenna array according to an embodiment of the present invention, fig. 2 shows a schematic structural diagram of the second radiation layer in fig. 1, fig. 3 shows a schematic structural diagram of the first radiation layer in fig. 1, and fig. 4 shows a schematic structural diagram of the feed layer in fig. 1.

Referring to fig. 1-4, the antenna array 100 includes a feed layer 140, a conductive floor 130 located above the feed layer 140, a first radiation layer 110 located above the conductive floor 130, and a second radiation layer 120 located above the first radiation layer 110.

The second radiation layer 120 includes a second dielectric plate 121 and parasitic elements 122, and illustratively, the second radiation layer 120 includes a 4*4 array of 16 parasitic elements 122.

The parasitic element 122 is a rectangular metal region on the second dielectric plate 121, for example, a rectangular metal region formed on the second dielectric plate 121 by etching and printing, or a rectangular metal sheet fixed on the second dielectric plate 121.

The first radiation layer 110 includes a first dielectric slab 111 and radiation elements 112, and illustratively, the first radiation layer 110 includes 16 radiation elements 112 in a 4*4 array.

The radiation element 112 is a rectangular metal region on the first dielectric plate 111, for example, a rectangular metal region formed on the first dielectric plate 111 by etching and printing, or a rectangular metal sheet fixed on the first dielectric plate 111.

The parasitic elements 122 correspond to the radiation elements 112 one to one, and a projection of a center of each parasitic element 122 on the first dielectric slab 111 is the same as a center of the corresponding radiation element 112. The parasitic element 122 is coupled to the corresponding radiating element 112, and may generate an additional resonance point, forming a double resonance to improve frequency impedance and widen bandwidth.

The projection area of the parasitic element 122 on the first dielectric plate 111 may be slightly larger than the area of the corresponding radiation element 112, slightly smaller than the area of the corresponding radiation element 112, or equal to the area of the corresponding radiation element 112.

The conductive floor 130 is, for example, a third dielectric plate coated with copper, and is used for providing an antenna ground. The conductive floor 130 further includes a via hole so that the feed layer 140 and the first radiation layer 110 can be connected by a metal probe.

The feed layer 140 includes a fourth dielectric plate 141 and a feed network formed by, for example, etching printing on the fourth dielectric plate 141.

The feed network includes a plurality of feed elements 142, left-hand circular polarization ports 143, right-hand circular polarization ports 144, and conductive paths 145 connecting the feed elements 142, the left-hand circular polarization ports 143, and the right-hand circular polarization ports 144.

Referring to fig. 5, fig. 5 shows a schematic structural diagram of the feeding unit 142 in fig. 4. The feeding unit 142 includes a rectangular line, and a first port 1421, a second port 1422, a third port 1423, and a fourth port 1424 extending in a direction perpendicular to each side of the rectangular line at a midpoint of the side.

In the rectangular line, a line width of a line between the first port 1421 and the second port 1422 is smaller than a line width of a line between the second port 1422 and the third port 1423, and a line width of a line between the third port 1423 and the fourth port 1424 is smaller than a line width of a line between the second port 1422 and the fourth port 1424.

The end of the first port 1421 away from the rectangular line includes a feeding point 1425 for connecting with a metal probe, and grounding points 1426 for connecting with grounding posts, which are located around the feeding point 1425 and are arranged in an axisymmetric manner with the first port 1421 as a symmetry axis, for example, six grounding points 1426 are located around the feeding point 1425, and three are located on each side of the first port 1421, forming an array of two rows and three columns in fig. 5.

The second port 1422 is identical to the first port 1421, and a surrounding layout of the second port 1422 is identical to a surrounding layout of the first port 1421.

The rectangular side of the rectangular line where the fourth port 1424 is located includes a plurality of grounding points 1426 arranged in parallel with the rectangular side and located outside the rectangular line, and illustratively, there are four grounding points 1426 on each side of the fourth port 1424.

When feeding is performed from the third port 1423, the first port 1421 and the second port 1422 output voltages having equal amplitudes, and the phase of the voltage output from the first port 1421 is advanced by 90 ° from the phase of the voltage output from the second port 1422, thereby synthesizing a left-handed circularly polarized wave.

When feeding power from the fourth port 1424, the first port 1421 and the second port 1422 output voltages of equal amplitude, and the phase of the voltage output from the first port 1421 is delayed by 90 ° from the phase of the voltage output from the second port 1422, thereby synthesizing a right-hand circularly polarized wave.

The radiation units 112 correspond to the feed units 142 one to one, and a projection of each radiation unit 112 on the fourth dielectric slab 141 at least covers the rectangular circuit, the first port 1421, and the second port 1422.

Referring to fig. 4, the feeding layer 140 includes 16 feeding units 142 arranged in a 4*4 array. The third ports 1423 of the four feeding units 142 in each row are connected to the first to fourth parallel feeding points 1451 to 1454 by a parallel feeding connection, i.e., the path lengths from the third ports 1423 of the four feeding units 142 in each row to the corresponding parallel feeding points are the same. The first to fourth feeding points 1451 to 1454 are located on the same line segment and are substantially parallel to the column direction of the feeding unit, and the path midpoints of the first to fourth feeding points 1451 to 1454 are the left-hand circular polarized port 143, i.e., the first to fourth feeding points 1451 to 1454 are connected to the left-hand circular polarized port in a series feeding manner.

The fourth port 1424 of the four feeding units 142 in each row is connected to the right-hand circularly polarized port 144 in a similar manner to the third port 1423 of the left-hand circularly polarized port 143.

The dielectric constant of the first to fourth dielectric plates 111 to 141 is, for example, 2.2, and the thickness is, for example, 2mm.

The embodiment of the utility model provides an antenna array 100 includes first radiation layer 110, electrically conductive floor 130 and the feed layer 140 that has a plurality of radiating element 112, realizes that single antenna array face possesses two ports of two circular polarizations simultaneously to levogyration circular polarization feed network and dextrorotation circular polarization feed network can arrange on same layer of dielectric plate, on the basis of guaranteeing antenna array 100 performance, have reduced antenna array 100's size, weight and cost.

Further, the antenna array 100 provided by the embodiment of the present invention further includes a second radiation layer 120, the second radiation layer 120 includes a plurality of parasitic elements 122 corresponding to the radiation elements 112 on the first radiation layer 110 one to one, and an additional resonance point can be generated by adding the parasitic elements 122 above the radiation elements 112, so as to form a double resonance to improve the frequency impedance and extend the bandwidth. And adding parasitic elements 122 would only increase the microstrip thickness to around 0.14 air wavelengths and would not increase the area of antenna array 100.

Fig. 6 shows a schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of an antenna unit of an antenna array according to another embodiment of the present invention, and fig. 7 shows a schematic structural diagram of the antenna unit in fig. 6.

The antenna element 200 includes a feed layer 240, a conductive ground plane 230 located above the feed layer, a first radiating layer 210 located above the conductive ground plane, and a second radiating layer 220 located above the first radiating layer 210.

The second radiation layer 220 includes a second dielectric plate 221 and a parasitic element 222, and the parasitic element 222 is a rectangular metal region located on the second dielectric plate 221, for example, a rectangular metal region formed on the second dielectric plate 221 by etching and printing, or a rectangular metal sheet fixed on the second dielectric plate 221.

The first radiation layer 210 includes a first dielectric plate 211 and a radiation element 212, and the radiation element 212 is a rectangular metal region on the first dielectric plate 211, such as a rectangular metal region formed on the first dielectric plate 211 by etching and printing, or a rectangular metal sheet fixed on the first dielectric plate 211.

Wherein, the projection of the center of the parasitic element 222 on the first dielectric plate 211 is the same as the center of the radiation element 212. The parasitic element 222 and the radiating element 212 are coupled to create an additional resonance point, creating a double resonance to improve frequency impedance and widen bandwidth.

The projected area of the parasitic element 222 on the first dielectric plate 211 may be slightly larger than the area of the radiation element 212, slightly smaller than the area of the radiation element 212, or equal to the area of the radiation element 212.

The conductive ground plate 230 is, for example, a third dielectric plate coated with copper, and is used to provide an antenna ground. The conductive floor 231 further includes a through hole so that the feeding unit 242 is connected with the radiating unit 212 through the metal probe 251.

The feed layer 240 includes a fourth dielectric plate 241 and a feed unit 242, and the feed unit 242 is formed on the fourth dielectric plate 241 by, for example, etching printing and is connected to the conductive floor 231 through a plurality of ground posts 252. The feeding unit 242 is the same as the feeding unit 142 in fig. 5, and is not described herein again.

The embodiment of the utility model provides an antenna element 200 includes radiating element 212, conductive floor 231, feed unit 242, metal probe 251 and ground post 252, realizes that single antenna element possesses two ports of two circular polarizations simultaneously to can generate levogyration circular polarized wave and dextrorotation circular polarized wave respectively from the different port feeds of feed unit 242 on the basis of guaranteeing antenna element 200 performance, reduced antenna element 200's size, weight and cost.

Further, the embodiment of the present invention provides an antenna unit 200 further including a parasitic element 222 located above the radiating element 212, which may generate an additional resonance point, forming a double resonance to improve the frequency impedance and extend the bandwidth. Meanwhile, the addition of the parasitic element 122 only increases the microstrip thickness to about 0.14 air wavelength, and does not increase the area of the antenna element 200.

Fig. 8 shows a voltage standing wave ratio diagram of the antenna unit 200. The operating frequency band of the antenna unit 200 is 2.2GHz to 2.3GHz, and as can be seen from fig. 8, when the operating frequency is 2.2GHz, the voltage standing wave ratio of the antenna unit 200 is 1.0668, and when the operating frequency is 2.301GHz, the voltage standing wave ratio of the antenna unit 200 is 1.1920, that is, the voltage standing wave ratio of the antenna unit 200 in the operating frequency band is less than 1.1920, the reflectivity of the antenna unit 200 is less than 1%, the matching is excellent, and the engineering use requirement is satisfied.

Figure 9 shows the left hand and right hand circular polarized port vswr of the antenna array of figure 1. As shown in fig. 9, the operating frequency band of the antenna array 100 is 2.2GHz to 2.3GHz, and the solid line represents the voltage standing wave ratio of the left-handed circularly polarized port, and it can be seen that, when the operating frequency is 2.2GHz, the voltage standing wave ratio of the antenna array 100 is 1.34, and when the operating frequency is 2.3GHz, the voltage standing wave ratio of the antenna array 100 is 1.24; the dashed line represents the voltage standing wave ratio of the right hand circularly polarized port, and it can be seen that the voltage standing wave ratio of the antenna array 100 is 1.23 when the operating frequency is 2.2GHz, and the voltage standing wave ratio of the antenna array 100 is 1.44 when the operating frequency is 2.3 GHz. Namely, the voltage standing wave ratio of the antenna array 100 in the working frequency band is less than 1.44, the reflectivity is less than 4%, the matching is good, and the use requirements on engineering are met.

Figure 10 shows a left hand circularly polarized port axial ratio plot for the antenna array of figure 1 and figure 11 shows a right hand circularly polarized port axial ratio plot for the antenna array of figure 1. As can be seen from fig. 10 and 11, in the operating frequency band of the antenna array 100, the left-hand circular polarization axial ratio is less than 1.75, the right-hand circular polarization axial ratio is less than 1.20, the circular polarization purity of the dual circular polarized waves generated by the antenna array 100 is high, the difference of the signal gains in different directions is small, and the antenna array 100 is suitable for being applied to the satellite communication field.

Figure 12 shows a left-hand gain pattern for the antenna array of figure 1 and figure 13 shows a right-hand gain pattern for the antenna array of figure 1. Fig. 12 and 13 were obtained by software simulation at an operating frequency of 2.25 GHz. As can be seen from fig. 12 and 13, the gain in the left-hand direction of the antenna array 100 can be as high as 21.6147dB, the gain in the right-hand direction can be as high as 21.6032dB, the gain of the antenna array 100 can be as high as 21.6dbi, the 3dB beam width is greater than 14 ° in the working frequency band, the gain and the beam width meet the use requirements in engineering, and the antenna array has great practicability.

It should be noted that fig. 8 to 13 are obtained by software simulation.

To sum up, the embodiment of the present invention provides an antenna array 100 including a first radiation layer 110, a conductive floor 130 and a feed layer 140 with a plurality of radiation units 112, which realizes that a single antenna array face possesses two ports of dual circular polarization simultaneously, and a left-handed circular polarization feed network and a right-handed circular polarization feed network can be arranged on the same layer of dielectric plate, on the basis of ensuring the performance of the antenna array 100, the size, weight and cost of the antenna array 100 are reduced.

Further, the antenna array 100 provided by the embodiment of the present invention further includes a second radiation layer 120, the second radiation layer 120 includes a plurality of parasitic elements 122 corresponding to the radiation elements 112 on the first radiation layer 110 one to one, and an additional resonance point can be generated by adding the parasitic elements 122 above the radiation elements 112, so as to form a double resonance to improve the frequency impedance and extend the bandwidth. And adding parasitic elements 122 would only increase the microstrip thickness to around 0.14 air wavelengths and would not increase the area of antenna array 100.

The embodiment of the utility model provides an antenna element 200 includes radiating element 212, conductive floor 231, feed unit 242, metal probe 251 and ground post 252, realizes that single antenna element 200 possesses two ports of two circular polarizations simultaneously, can generate left-handed circular polarized wave and right-handed circular polarized wave respectively from the different port feeds of feed unit 242, and uses same radiating element 212, on the basis of guaranteeing antenna element 200 performance, has reduced antenna element 200's size, weight and cost.

Further, the antenna unit 200 provided by the embodiment of the present invention further includes a parasitic element 222 located above the radiating element 212, which may generate an additional resonance point, form a double resonance to improve the frequency impedance and extend the bandwidth. Meanwhile, the parasitic element 122 is added, which only increases the thickness of the microstrip to about 0.14 air wavelength, and does not increase the area of the antenna element 200.

It should be noted that as used herein, the words "during", "when" and "when … …" in relation to circuit operation are not strict terms referring to actions that occur immediately at the start of a startup action, but rather there may be some small but reasonable delay or delays, such as various transmission delays, between them and the reactive action (action) initiated by the startup action, and the like, as will be appreciated by those of ordinary skill in the art. The words "about" or "substantially" are used herein to mean that the value of an element (element) has a parameter that is expected to be close to the stated value or position. However, as is well known in the art, there is always a slight deviation that makes it difficult for the value or position to be exactly the stated value. It has been well established in the art that a deviation of at least ten percent (10%) for a semiconductor doping concentration of at least twenty percent (20%) is a reasonable deviation from the exact ideal target described. When used in conjunction with a signal state, the actual voltage value or logic state (e.g., "1" or "0") of the signal depends on whether positive or negative logic is used.

In accordance with the present invention, as set forth above, these embodiments do not set forth all of the details nor limit the invention to the specific embodiments described. Obviously, many modifications and variations are possible in light of the above teaching. The embodiments were chosen and described in order to best explain the principles of the invention and its practical application, to thereby enable others skilled in the art to best utilize the invention and its various embodiments with various modifications as are suited to the particular use contemplated. The scope of the present invention should be determined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims (10)

1. An antenna unit, comprising: the first radiation layer comprises a first dielectric plate and a radiation unit arranged on the first dielectric plate;

the feed layer is connected with the radiating element and comprises a feed unit;

a conductive floor located between the first radiation layer and the feed layer and opposite to the first radiation layer;

the feeding unit comprises a rectangular line and first to fourth ports extending out in a direction perpendicular to the edge at the middle point of each edge of the rectangular line, the first to fourth ports are located on the outer side of the rectangular line, the first port and the second port are output ports, and the third port and the fourth port are input ports;

when power is supplied from the third port, the phase of the voltage output from the first port is advanced by 90 ° with respect to the phase of the voltage output from the second port, and when power is supplied from the fourth port, the phase of the voltage output from the first port is retarded by 90 ° with respect to the phase of the voltage output from the second port.

2. The antenna unit of claim 1, further comprising:

the metal probe is used for connecting the feed unit and the radiation unit, one end of the metal probe is connected with the output port of the feed unit, and the other end of the metal probe is connected with the radiation unit;

the conductive floor comprises a third dielectric plate coated with copper, the third dielectric plate comprises a through hole, and the through hole is used for allowing the metal probe to pass through.

3. The antenna unit of claim 2, further comprising:

and the grounding post is used for connecting the feed unit and the conductive floor so as to enable the feed unit to be grounded.

4. The antenna unit of claim 3, wherein the feed layer comprises a fourth dielectric plate, the feed element is disposed on the fourth dielectric plate, and a projection of the radiation element on the fourth dielectric plate covers at least the first port and the second port.

5. The antenna unit of claim 4, further comprising: a second radiating layer including a second dielectric slab and a parasitic element disposed on the second dielectric slab, the parasitic element coupled with the radiating element to generate an additional resonance point.

6. The antenna unit of claim 5,

the radiation unit is a rectangular metal area formed on the first dielectric plate by etching and printing;

the parasitic unit is a rectangular metal area formed on the second dielectric plate by etching and printing;

and the feed unit is formed on the fourth dielectric plate by etching and printing.

7. The antenna element of claim 6, wherein a projection of a center of said parasitic element onto said first dielectric plate is the same as a center of said radiating element.

8. An antenna array comprising antenna elements as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 7.

9. An antenna array according to claim 8, further comprising:

the feed network comprises a feed unit, a left-hand circularly polarized port, a right-hand circularly polarized port and a conductive path for connecting the feed unit, the left-hand circularly polarized port and the right-hand circularly polarized port;

the feeding units are arranged in an array, the third ports of the feeding units in each row are respectively connected with a plurality of third port parallel feeding points in a parallel feeding mode, the fourth ports of the feeding units in each row are respectively connected with a plurality of fourth port parallel feeding points in a parallel feeding mode,

the parallel feed points of the third ports are positioned on the same line segment, the midpoint of the line segment is the left-handed circularly polarized port,

the plurality of fourth port parallel feed points are positioned on the same line segment, and the midpoint of the line segment is the right-hand circularly polarized port; wherein the content of the first and second substances,

and the parallel feed connection means that the path lengths from the third port of each row of the feed unit to the corresponding third port parallel feed point are the same.

10. An antenna array according to claim 9, wherein the feed network is formed by etched printing on the fourth dielectric plate.

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