CN217912868U - High-speed electric spindle applied to turning and milling composite five-axis linkage numerical control machine tool - Google Patents

Abstract

A high-speed electric spindle applied to a turning and milling composite five-axis linkage numerical control machine tool is characterized in that the high-speed electric spindle structure is mainly divided into three parts, namely a spindle rotating part, a spindle shell part and a cutter loosening oil cylinder part, and can be conveniently assembled to the turning and milling composite five-axis linkage numerical control machine tool or a five-axis linkage gantry, meet various functional technical requirements of the five-axis linkage numerical control machine tool on the high-speed spindle, and be matched with a turning and milling composite five-axis linkage numerical control machine tool or a five-axis linkage gantry machining center to apply a high-speed cutting machining technology.

Description

High-speed electric spindle applied to turning and milling composite five-axis linkage numerical control machine tool

Technical Field

The utility model relates to a machine tool spare part field specifically indicates a high-speed electric main shaft who is applied to compound five-axis linkage digit control machine tool of turn-milling.

Background

Compared with a three-axis numerical control machine tool, a traditional three-axis numerical control machine tool is provided with three XYZ linear axes, a relatively simple workpiece can be machined in one direction, more and more high-precision products are required along with the high-speed development of the country, the high-precision products not only need to be precisely machined in surface quality, but also need to be in a complex polyhedral shape or a complex curved surface shape, and two rotating shafts need to be added to complete machining of a complex curved surface and a complex polyhedral shape. Five-axis linkage machining: the process that the three-axis numerical control machine tool needs to be clamped and machined for multiple times can be finished by one-time clamping, so that the clamp cost is saved, the geometric form and position precision of machining is guaranteed, the clamping auxiliary time is saved, and the machining efficiency is greatly improved; the tool cost is saved, the effective cutting edge length of the tool can be increased in the process of machining by the five-axis linkage numerical control machine, the cutting force is reduced, and the service life of the tool is prolonged; and thirdly, higher machining surface precision can be obtained, complex smooth-transition curved surface machining needs to be carried out by using a ball-end milling cutter, when the ball-end milling cutter is used by a three-axis numerical control machine, the point-point speed of a tool nose is zero during machining, the machined surface is rough, and when the ball-end milling cutter is used by a five-axis linkage numerical control machine, the cutting of a ball-end central point can be effectively avoided, so that good surface machining precision is obtained. A high-end numerical control machine tool capable of autonomously producing and manufacturing five-axis linkage and combining a high-speed cutting machining technology is an urgent need for high-end equipment in the national key field, the country has key points to encourage innovation and development, and domestic manufacturers capable of producing the five-axis linkage numerical control machine tool also have vigorous development, but most key functional parts are still imported accessories, the five-axis linkage numerical control machine tool has three types, one type is a workbench driven by two rotating shafts, such as a cradle type workbench five-axis linkage machining center, the workbench for clamping workpieces is small, and only small workpieces can be machined; the second type is that the two rotating shafts drive the high-speed main shafts, the workbench is not limited and can be very large, and very large and complex workpieces can be processed, such as a five-axis gantry linkage processing center; the third is a revolving shaft driving workpiece table, a revolving shaft driving high-speed main shaft, such as a turning and milling composite five-axis linkage machining center, which is researched aiming at the high-speed main shaft of the third five-axis linkage numerical control machine tool, firstly, the high-speed main shaft of the five-axis linkage numerical control machine tool is installed in a main shaft installation hole, can be driven to swing and can perform vertical and horizontal conversion of the main shaft, and is required to be compact in structure due to space constraint, various functions are complete and can be assembled into a whole, the high-speed main shaft must be a high-speed electric main shaft, and can integrate the functions of all main shafts, rotate at high speed, feed back signals and loosen broach action; secondly, when the high-speed main shaft of the five-axis linkage numerical control machine tool is used for milling, a high-speed cutting processing technology needs to be applied, 1, high-pressure cutting water can be sprayed out of the center of a tool holder, and 2, the main shaft is matched with a high-speed tool system with two surfaces in contact; thirdly, during the milling process of the high-speed main shaft, the main shaft rotates at a high speed, the main shaft is required to be prevented from rapidly heating, the main shaft is required to have very good dynamic balance and a very good cooling circulation channel, and the high-speed bearing is continuously and well lubricated; fourthly, the main shaft can be milled and can also rotate at a high speed by the workbench, the high-speed main shaft stops, and the main shaft is provided with a cutter handle for turning, so that the requirement of the main shaft on a very accurate main shaft positioning function is met, 1, the main shaft is very accurate in orientation, 2, the main shaft can bear a larger rotating torque after being oriented, and the requirement of the main shaft on the orientation is met, the main shaft has a built-in powerful band-type brake function, the high-speed electric main shaft is produced domestically, only has the main shaft rotating function, does not have the band-type brake function, does not have the strong cooling function, does not have all electric signal feedback, and does not have the high-speed electric main shaft production meeting the requirements of the turning and milling five-axis combined linkage numerical control machine domestically.

Therefore, a high-speed motorized spindle applied to a turning and milling composite five-axis linkage numerical control machine tool needs to be researched urgently.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

The to-be-solved technical problem of the utility model is, for the high-speed cutting process technique of cooperation turning and milling compound five-axis linkage digit control machine tool application, provide a compact structure, the high-speed electric main shaft of the high-speed processing cutter system of adaptation two-sided contact.

In order to solve the technical problem, the utility model provides a technical scheme does: a high-speed electric spindle applied to a turning and milling composite five-axis linkage numerical control machine tool is characterized in that a self-locking boosting type pull claw adaptive to an HSK cutter system is applied to a high-speed electric spindle structure, a cutter loosening oil cylinder integrating the cutter loosening function and the rotary joint function is applied to the high-speed electric spindle structure, an oil pressure internal contracting brake structure is arranged in the front end of the spindle, the requirement of the turning and milling composite five-axis linkage numerical control machine tool on the high-speed electric spindle function can be met, the high-speed electric spindle structure is mainly divided into three parts, namely a spindle rotating part, a spindle shell part and a cutter loosening oil cylinder part, namely, the spindle rotating part is mainly a spindle rotating shaft core, an HSK cutter handle steel ball spring clamp, a self-locking boosting type pull claw, a pull claw connecting shaft, a pull cutter rod, two disc spring pads, two disc spring groups, a pull cutter rod connecting sleeve, a rotating shaft core rear end cover, six knife loosening disc connecting shafts and a cutter loosening bearing disc are sequentially assembled in an inner diameter hole of the spindle rotating shaft core, be equipped with the HSK handle of a knife in the preceding taper hole of main shaft rotatory axle core, the HSK handle of a knife is by auto-lock reinforcement type draw claw internal stay taut, and taper shank, flange face and main shaft rotatory axle core taper hole, the contact of front end two sides to the HSK handle of a knife, the radial symmetry of the preceding taper hole portion of main shaft rotatory axle core has two holes, and downthehole installation HSK handle of a knife steel ball spring card that has, HSK handle of a knife steel ball spring card include the steel ball, push away the spring, the spring housing triplex, HSK handle of a knife taper shank external diameter has two holes of symmetry, and after the HSK handle of a knife assembled targetting in place, the steel ball is pushed forward two downthehole of HSK handle of a knife external diameter symmetry by partial top, auto-lock reinforcement type draw claw structure to divide into eight parts: the clamping jaw comprises a clamping jaw shaft, six clamping jaw sheets, an annular spring, a clamping jaw separating ring, a guide copper nut, a U-shaped oil seal, a through-hole headless hexagon socket head bolt and a wave-shaped spring ring; the outer diameter of the left end of the pull claw coupling shaft is provided with threads and is connected with the middle threads of the inner diameter of the pull claw shaft of the self-locking boosting type pull claw, the outer diameter of the left end of the pull cutter rod is provided with threads and is connected with the threads of the inner diameter of the right end of the pull claw coupling shaft, the pull cutter rod pulls the pull claw coupling shaft towards the rear end of a spindle rotating shaft core, the pull claw coupling shaft strains the self-locking boosting type pull claw, the inner diameter of the pull cutter rod coupling sleeve is provided with threads and is connected with the outer diameter of the right end of the pull cutter rod through threads, the pull cutter rod penetrates through two disc spring pads and central holes of two groups of disc spring groups, a compressed disc spring group penetrates through the disc spring pads, the inner hole steps of the spindle rotating shaft core are taken as supporting points to push the pull cutter rod coupling sleeve, so that the pull cutter rod is kept opposite to the pull claw coupling shaft, and the pull claw coupling shaft is opposite to the pull force of the self-locking boosting type pull claw towards the rear end of the spindle, the rear end cover of the rotary shaft core is provided with six through holes in the axial direction, six loose cutter pressure bearing disc connecting shafts penetrate through six holes in the rear end cover of the rotary shaft core, the rear ends of the six loose cutter pressure bearing disc connecting shafts are tightly connected with the loose cutter pressure bearing disc through bolts, two circles of threaded holes are arranged outside the six through holes uniformly distributed in the rear end face of the rear end cover of the rotary shaft core, and four inner circles of fastening bolts are arranged in one circle to tightly press the rear end face of the rotary shaft core of the main shaft so as to ensure that the threaded connection between the outer thread of the rear end cover of the rotary shaft core and the inner thread of the hole in the rear end of the rotary shaft core of the main shaft is not loosened; the outer diameter of the main shaft rotating shaft core is sequentially provided with a front end bearing inner ring locking disc, an angular contact ball bearing, an inner ring spacer ring, an angular contact ball bearing, a shaft core contracting brake disc, an electric main shaft rotor, a balance disc, a rear bearing inner ring front spacer ring, a roller bearing, a rear bearing inner ring rear spacer ring, a rotating speed induction fluted disc and a main shaft directional induction disc, the inner diameter of the front end bearing inner ring locking disc is in threaded connection with the front end of the main shaft rotating shaft core outer diameter, the angular contact ball bearing inner ring is axially positioned by a main shaft rotating shaft core outer diameter step, the front end bearing inner ring locking disc axially compresses two angular contact ball bearing inner rings and the inner ring spacer ring between the two inner rings to complete the axial fixation of the two angular contact ball bearing inner rings, the brake disc is installed on a flange step of a spindle rotating shaft core, bolts are fastened and connected, an electric spindle rotor and a balance disc are assembled in the middle of the spindle rotating shaft core in an interference fit mode, a right end step of the spindle rotating shaft core is axially positioned, a front spacer ring of a rear bearing inner ring is sequentially assembled backwards, roller bearings are sequentially assembled on the front spacer ring, the rear spacer ring, a rotating speed induction fluted disc and a spindle directional induction disc, four outer ring fastening bolts are assembled in a circle of threaded holes outside a rear end cover of the spindle rotating shaft core, the rear end face of the spindle directional induction disc is axially pushed forwards, axial fixing of the roller bearing inner ring is completed, axial tooth grooves are uniformly distributed on the outer diameter circumference of the rotating speed induction fluted disc, and an axial small key groove is formed on the outer diameter circumference of the spindle directional induction disc; the main shaft shell part mainly comprises a main shaft shell, a main shaft front end cover and a main shaft rear end cover, wherein a raised step is arranged in the middle of an inner hole of the main shaft front end cover, inner holes at two sides of the step are angular contact ball bearing outer ring mounting hole sites, axial positioning steps of an angular contact ball bearing outer ring are arranged on side surfaces at two sides of the step, a screw hole is arranged on the end surface of the main shaft front end cover, a front bearing outer ring gland is tightly fixed by a bolt, the angular contact ball bearing outer ring is axially compressed by the front bearing outer ring gland, a mounting framework labyrinth dust seal is arranged in an inner diameter groove of the front bearing outer ring gland, a front bearing outer ring spacer ring is assembled at the inner diameter of the raised step in the middle of the inner hole of the main shaft front end cover, a circular ring groove is arranged in the middle of the outer diameter of the front bearing outer ring spacer ring, oil seal is arranged between the outer diameters of two sides of the circular ring groove and the inner diameter of the raised step in the middle of the inner hole of the main shaft front end cover, and the front bearing outer ring spacer ring is processed by a material with high heat conductivity coefficient, cooling circulating oil circularly flows in a groove of an outer diameter ring, an annular groove is formed in the right end face of a front end cover of the main shaft, an assembly band-type brake piston ring, a piston snap ring and a piston ring ejection spring are arranged in the groove, the piston snap ring is axially limited by a snap spring, oil seal sealing is arranged between the band-type brake piston ring and the upper face and the lower face of the annular groove in the right end face of the front end cover of the main shaft, a band-type brake oil pressure interface, a cooling oil interface and an oil-gas lubrication interface are arranged at the outer diameter of the front end cover of the main shaft, a raised step is arranged at the front end part of the inner diameter of a shell of the main shaft, an inner hole in the front end part of the shell of the main shaft is arranged on the left side of the raised step, the front end cover of the main shaft is assembled, a countersunk bolt hole is formed in the flange face of the front end cover of the main shaft, the threaded hole is fixedly assembled by bolts, a band-type brake friction ring is fixedly assembled on the front side face of the raised step at the inner diameter of the front end part of the shell of the main shaft, the cooling spacer ring is made of a material with high heat conductivity coefficient, cooling circulating oil circularly flows in the circular groove on the outer diameter of the circular groove, the inner hole of the middle part of the main shaft shell is arranged on the right side of the raised step, an electric main shaft stator coil is assembled in the inner hole of the middle part of the main shaft shell, a threaded hole is formed in the right end surface of the main shaft shell, and a bolt hole is formed in the edge of the rear end cover of the main shaft close to the outer diameter and is fastened and connected with the bolt hole; the inner hole of a rear end cover of the main shaft is provided with a roller bearing installation hole site, the right side of the installation hole site is provided with a bearing outer ring positioning step, the left side of the installation hole site is provided with a roller bearing outer ring gland, the roller bearing outer ring gland and the main shaft rear end cover are in bolt fastening connection, the right side positioning step of the roller bearing installation hole site of the main shaft rear end cover is axially fixed with the roller bearing outer ring gland, the right end surface of the rear end cover of the main shaft is provided with three-phase power supply quick connectors, a temperature induction detection head, an oil-gas lubrication interface, two exhaust ports and a main shaft rotating induction encoder, each three-phase power supply quick connector is communicated with an outer lead of a stator coil of the electric main shaft, the temperature induction detection head detects a main shaft temperature feedback signal, the rear end cover of the main shaft is provided with a processing channel, the oil-gas lubrication interface is communicated with an annular groove of the roller bearing installation hole site, the outer ring of the roller bearing is provided with a hole, gas-liquid mixed lubricating oil can be led into a roller path of the roller bearing, the lubricating bearing, the main shaft rear end cover is also provided with a processing channel, the two exhaust ports are respectively communicated with front and rear space and rear end space of the roller bearing raceway of the roller bearing raceway, the roller bearing, lubricated air can be discharged, the main shaft rotating speed induction fluted disc and main shaft directional induction disc which are installed at the rear end of the main shaft core of the main shaft, the main shaft rotating induction disc installed at the main shaft core of the main shaft, and feed back of the main shaft directional induction disc of the main shaft, and feed signals of the main shaft directional induction disc of the main shaft to a numerical control system; 3. the structure of the cutter loosening oil cylinder part is divided into three parts: the tool loosening oil cylinder, the rotary joint and the signal feedback are adopted, the tool loosening oil cylinder is divided into an oil cylinder shell, an oil cylinder end cover and a tool loosening piston ring, any contact surface between the two is sealed by an oil seal, the oil cylinder shell and the oil cylinder end cover are connected and fastened by a bolt, a flange step facilitating the installation of the tool loosening oil cylinder is arranged on the oil cylinder shell and is provided with an installation bolt hole, the flange step end of the oil cylinder shell is provided with two notches facilitating the assembly of a rotating speed feedback encoder by matching with a high-speed spindle, a broach oil pressure interface is directly communicated with the oil cylinder at the outer diameter of the oil cylinder shell and is provided with an installation signal feedback part, a tool loosening oil pressure interface, a high-pressure water interface and an air source interface are arranged on the oil cylinder end cover, an oil pressure water channel, a high-pressure water channel and an air source channel are arranged on the oil cylinder, the high-pressure water channel and the air source channel are provided with a check valve preventing reverse backflow at the channel inlet, a notch of one third of the circumference of the outer edge is arranged on the outer edge of the oil cylinder end cover, and the high-speed spindle is facilitated to be matched with the connection of the high-speed spindle to be connected with the power line; the rotary joint part is arranged in a central hole of the oil cylinder end cover, the rotary joint part is provided with a floating seal sleeve, a static friction seal ring, a dynamic friction seal ring, a rotary joint shaft, a bearing mounting disc, a pushing spring, a floating seal sleeve bayonet lock and a bolt, the floating seal sleeve is fixedly provided with the static friction seal ring, an oil seal is arranged between the outer diameter of the floating seal sleeve and the inner diameter of the central hole of the oil cylinder end cover, two bolts are axially connected between the bearing mounting disc and the oil cylinder end cover, an oil seal is arranged between the outer diameter and the inner hole of the oil cylinder end cover, the bearing is arranged in the inner hole of the bearing mounting disc, an axial snap spring is fixed, and a bearing inner ring is assembled on the outer diameter of the rotary joint shaft, the end of a rotary joint shaft is fixedly provided with a dynamic friction sealing ring, the dynamic friction sealing ring at the end of the rotary joint shaft and a static friction sealing ring on a floating sealing sleeve both have precise mirror surfaces, the static channel part of a high-pressure water or gas source channel is connected with the rotary channel part in a sealing way, a pushing spring pushes the floating sealing sleeve to ensure that the static friction sealing ring is always contacted with the dynamic friction sealing ring, the outer diameter of a clamping pin of the floating sealing sleeve is provided with threads and is connected with a threaded hole of an end cover of an oil cylinder, and the unthreaded part at the front end of the clamping pin of the floating sealing sleeve is clamped in a U-shaped notch symmetrical to a step flange surface on the outer diameter of the floating sealing sleeve to clamp the floating sealing sleeve and not rotate together with the rotary joint shaft; the number of the signal feedback parts is three, wherein the signal feedback parts comprise a tool loosening sensing signal, a tool pulling in-place sensing signal and a main shaft empty tool sensing signal, and each signal feedback part comprises a proximity sensing switch, a mounting plate and two mounting bolts; two outer rings of angular contact ball bearings at the front end of a main shaft rotating part are assembled to two bearing installation positions of an inner hole of a front end cover of the main shaft, which are separated by a middle bulge, outer rings of roller bearings at the rear end of the main shaft rotating part are assembled to bearing installation positions of an inner hole of a rear end cover of the main shaft, the radial direction and the axial direction of the outer rings of the bearings are completely restricted, a cutter loosening oil cylinder is integrally installed on the rear end surface of the rear end cover of the main shaft, a circular bulge step is arranged on the rear end surface of the rear end cover of the main shaft and matched with a flange step of an oil cylinder shell, a threaded installation hole is arranged on the rear end cover of the main shaft, the main shaft rotating part, the main shaft shell part and the cutter loosening oil cylinder part are fastened and connected through bolts, and accordingly the main shaft rotating part, the main shaft shell part and the cutter loosening oil cylinder part are combined into an integral high-speed electric main shaft.

The utility model has the advantages that:

the high-speed electric spindle structure is provided with a self-locking boosting type pull claw adaptive to an HSK cutter system, and a combined pull cutter mechanism, wherein the pull cutter mechanism is in a cutter tensioning state, the whole self-locking boosting type pull claw and an HSK cutter handle are in a self-locking wedging state, and six pull claw sheets are uniformly separated by a pull claw separating ring, so that excellent high-speed rotation dynamic balance characteristics can be obtained, and the requirement of high-speed cutting technology dynamic balance is met; the self-locking boosting type pull claw has a boosting function, the structure of a main shaft broach mechanism can be compact, the broach force of the six-piece pull claw piece on the HSK hilt is enough to enable the front taper hole of the main shaft rotating shaft core to be elastically deformed, the HSK hilt axially moves towards the rear end of the main shaft in a micro-motion manner until the flange surface of the HSK hilt is contacted with the front end surface of the main shaft rotating shaft core, and the two-surface contact of the HSK hilt system is realized.

The high-speed motorized spindle structure is provided with a tool loosening oil cylinder integrating a tool loosening function and a rotary joint function, the tool loosening oil cylinder is compact in structure, and an oil pressure interface introduces oil pressure to push a tool loosening piston ring to perform tool loosening and broaching; the rotary joint can introduce high-pressure cutting water, when cutting is carried out, the broach mechanism is in a tensioning cutter state, the high-pressure cutting water channel is a high-pressure water interface, a one-way valve, an oil cylinder end cover channel, a rotary joint shaft center hole, a rotary shaft core rear end cover center hole, a broach rod center hole, a broach coupling shaft center hole, a broach shaft center hole to a hilt center hole and then to a cutter center hole for high-pressure ejection, oil seal sealing is arranged at the joint of the channels, one of the technical requirements of high-speed cutting is met, when a high-speed main shaft is machined, the high-pressure cutting water is ejected from the cutter center hole, the cutter is effectively cooled, chips are rapidly removed, the service life of the cutter is prolonged, the cost is saved, and good machining surface quality is obtained; the rotary joint can introduce an air source, when a five-axis linkage numerical control machine tool automatically changes tools and a main shaft broach mechanism is in a tool releasing state, a broach rod moves forwards, a broach coupling shaft cuts off a high-pressure cutting water channel, the air source channel is an air source interface, a one-way valve, an oil cylinder end cover channel, a rotary joint shaft center hole, a rotary shaft core rear end cover center hole, a broach rod center hole, a broach coupling shaft air source channel, a main shaft rotary shaft core air injection channel and small holes blowing to the front end face and the conical holes of the main shaft rotary shaft core, oil seal is arranged at the joint of the channels, the main shaft conical holes can be quickly cleaned, the repeated positioning precision after tool changing is guaranteed, the stability of quick automatic tool changing is guaranteed, the broach coupling shaft can be in different positions when the broach state and the tool releasing state of the main shaft are in the main shaft, the high-pressure water channel and the air source channel can be switched to be closed, the two channels are provided with the one-way valves, and the two ends of the two channels can not be mixed.

Thirdly, an oil pressure band-type brake structure is arranged in the front end of the high-speed electric main shaft, an annular groove is arranged on the right end face of the front end cover of the main shaft, and an assembly band-type brake movable body is arranged in the annular groove

The brake device comprises a plug ring, a piston snap ring and a piston ring ejection spring, wherein the piston snap ring is axially limited by a snap spring, oil seal sealing is arranged between a band-type brake piston ring and the upper surface and the lower surface of an annular groove on the right end face of a front end cover of a main shaft, and an oil pressure interface is arranged at the outer diameter of the front end cover of the main shaft; a mounting shaft core brake contracting disc is arranged at the step of the flange of the main shaft rotating shaft core, and is fastened and connected through bolts; the left side surface of the convex step at the front end part of the inner diameter of the main shaft shell is provided with a fixed assembly band-type brake friction ring; the front end cover of the main shaft is provided with a processing channel, an oil seal closed space formed by a band-type brake oil pressure interface at the outer diameter of the front end cover of the main shaft and a band-type brake piston ring is conducted, the main shaft stops rotating and performs directional action, the band-type brake oil pressure interface at the outer diameter of the front end cover of the main shaft introduces oil pressure, the oil pressure pushes the band-type brake piston ring to move right, the band-type brake piston ring presses a shaft core band-type brake disc to be attached to a band-type brake friction ring on a main shaft shell, the main shaft rotating shaft core of the high-speed electric main shaft can bear larger torque during turning, and the processing precision during turning is ensured; when the numerical control system controls the electromagnetic valve to switch oil pressure, after an oil pressure interface of the band-type brake is conducted to a return pipeline, a band-type brake piston ring is pushed by a piston ring ejecting spring to move left to separate from a band-type brake disc of the shaft core, the band-type brake disc of the shaft core is elastically separated from a band-type brake friction ring on a main shaft shell, and a main shaft rotating shaft core can rotate, so that the requirement of a high-speed electric main shaft of a turning and milling composite five-axis linkage machining center can be met, the main shaft can bear larger rotating torque after being oriented, and can rotate at a high speed after being oriented.

The cooling circulating oil is led in from the cooling oil interface of the outer diameter of the front end cover of the main shaft, flows through the circular groove in the middle of the outer diameter of the front bearing outer ring spacer ring and then flows through the channel communicated with the main shaft shell through the front end cover of the main shaft, the first cooling oil groove of the main shaft shell is led in the circular groove in the middle of the outer diameter of the cooling spacer ring, flows through the circular groove in the middle of the outer diameter of the cooling spacer ring and the second cooling oil groove of the main shaft shell and is led in the circular groove of the main shaft shell, the outer diameter of the main shaft shell is provided with an oil seal groove, the oil seal of the shell is assembled to seal a gap between the main shaft shell and a main shaft mounting hole in the main shaft mounting body, the cooling oil flows back to the cooling oil tank from a main shaft cooling oil outlet of the main shaft mounting body after flowing through the circular groove of the main shaft shell, the front bearing outer ring spacer ring and the cooling spacer ring are both made of materials with high heat conduction coefficients, the effective heat conduction to the cooling oil, and the temperature rise when the high-speed electric main shaft runs is effectively prevented.

Fifthly, the high-speed electric main shaft bearing is lubricated by oil gas, an oil gas lubrication interface is arranged on the outer diameter of a front end cover of the main shaft to introduce oil gas lubrication, the front end cover of the main shaft is provided with a processing channel, the introduced oil gas enters two groups of angular contact ball bearing raceways and is then discharged from a skeleton labyrinth dust seal arranged in an inner diameter groove of a gland of an outer ring of the front bearing; there are oil-gas lubrication interface, gas vent two on the main shaft rear end cap right-hand member face, the main shaft rear end cap has the processing passageway, lets the annular groove of oil-gas lubrication interface intercommunication roller bearing installation hole site, and the roller bearing outer lane is porose, can channel into oil gas to roller bearing's raceway, lubricated bearing, likewise the main shaft rear end cap has the processing passageway, lets two gas vents communicate the front and back space of roller bearing raceway respectively, and lubricated gas can discharge, and oil-gas lubrication has following advantage: 1, the environment protection is facilitated, and because no oil mist exists, only air is discharged into the atmosphere, so that the environment is not polluted; 2, the oil injection quantity can be accurately controlled, and the waste and the low cost are avoided; 3, the air cooling effect is good, and the running temperature of the bearing can be reduced; 4, can effectively lubricate the bearing, because when the bearing rotates at a high speed, the air near the bearing and the bearing rotate simultaneously to form an air wall, the bearing raceway can be effectively lubricated only by the lubricating oil sprayed by certain air pressure, and the bearing chamber can keep positive air pressure, and the external environment can not pollute the bearing. Oil-gas lubrication is a new trend to replace oil mist lubrication, continuous and stable lubrication can ensure continuous high-precision operation of the high-speed electric main shaft bearing, protect the precision of the bearing and prolong the service life.

Sixthly, electrical signals of the high-speed electric spindle are complete and accurate, a three-phase power supply quick connector of the electric spindle is arranged on a rear end cover of the spindle, a three-phase power supply can be quickly connected and matched, and the contact is stable; the temperature sensing detection head is arranged and used for feeding back the monitored temperature of the motorized spindle to the system; the main shaft rotation induction encoder is used for inducing a rotation speed induction fluted disc and a main shaft orientation induction disc at the rear end of a main shaft rotation shaft core and feeding back the main shaft rotation speed and the accurate orientation angle of the main shaft to a system; the three signal feedback parts of the tool releasing oil cylinder comprise tool releasing sensing signals, tool drawing in-place sensing signals and main shaft empty tool sensing signals, the edge of a tool releasing bearing disc is sensed, very accurate signals of the tool holding state of the main shaft end can be fed back to a numerical control system, the phenomenon that the tool is collided when automatic tool changing occurs due to the fact that the tool holding state is judged wrongly can be avoided, and the stability of rapid tool changing is guaranteed.

Seventh, the broach mechanism of the high-speed electric spindle can keep the HSK tool shank stably clamped in the front taper hole of the spindle rotating shaft core in a tool releasing state,

1, a wave-shaped spring ring of the self-locking boosting type pulling claw pushes a pulling claw separating ring by taking the inner diameter step surface of a main shaft rotating shaft core as a fulcrum, and the separating ring pushes six pieces of pulling claw sheets to be in an open state, so that an HSK tool shank can still be clamped; 2, the radial symmetry in taper hole portion has two holes before the main shaft rotating shaft core, has installation HSK handle of a knife steel ball spring card downthehole, and HSK handle of a knife steel ball spring card includes the steel ball, pushes away the spring, and the spring housing triplex, HSK handle of a knife taper shank external diameter has two holes of symmetry, and the HSK handle of a knife assembly back that targets in place, steel ball are pushed forward two downthehole of HSK handle of a knife taper shank external diameter symmetry by partial top, and this HSK handle of a knife steel ball spring card of loose sword state still can be stable block the HSK handle of a knife, guarantees the stability of quick automatic tool changing, when preventing manual tool changing, the manual handle of a knife is untimely grabbed, and the handle of a knife drops and damages the cutter, and during manual tool changing, need not two people to cooperate just can tear open the sword.

The high-speed electric spindle has dynamic balance precision meeting the requirement of ultra high speed, an assembly balance disc is arranged on a spindle rotating shaft core, a dynamic balance test is performed in advance before a spindle rotating part is assembled into the high-speed electric spindle, and balance quality can be accurately matched on the balance disc.

Ninth, the high-speed electric main shaft has compact structure, complete functions, convenient assembly, convenient arrangement of electric, oil pressure, lubrication and cooling systems, and bushing wiring, can be combined to a turning and milling composite five-axis linkage numerical control machine tool, and can also be assembled to a five-axis linkage gantry numerical control machine tool.

The high-speed electric spindle can be conveniently assembled to a turning and milling composite five-axis linkage numerical control machine tool or a five-axis linkage gantry numerical control machine tool, meets various functional technical requirements of the five-axis linkage numerical control machine tool on the high-speed spindle, and can be matched with the turning and milling composite five-axis linkage numerical control machine tool or a five-axis linkage gantry machining center to apply a high-speed cutting machining technology.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is an appearance diagram 1 of a high-speed electric spindle applied to a turning and milling composite five-axis linkage numerical control machine tool.

Fig. 2 is an appearance diagram 2 of a high-speed motorized spindle applied to a turning and milling composite five-axis linkage numerical control machine tool.

Fig. 3 is a front view of a high-speed electric spindle applied to a turning and milling composite five-axis linkage numerical control machine tool.

FIG. 4 is a left side view of a high-speed motorized spindle applied to a turning and milling composite five-axis linkage numerical control machine tool.

FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of a high-speed motorized spindle E-E applied to a turning and milling composite five-axis linkage numerical control machine tool.

Fig. 6 is a sectional structural diagram of a rotating part of a high-speed motorized spindle applied to a turning and milling composite five-axis linkage numerical control machine tool.

FIG. 7 is a partial enlarged view of the front end of a rotating part of a high-speed motorized spindle applied to a turning and milling composite five-axis linkage numerical control machine tool.

FIG. 8 is a partial enlarged view of the rear end of a rotating part of a high-speed motorized spindle applied to a turning and milling composite five-axis linkage numerical control machine tool.

Fig. 9 is a sectional structural diagram of a part of a high-speed motorized spindle applied to a turning and milling composite five-axis linkage numerical control machine tool.

Fig. 10 is a structure diagram of a local band-type brake of a high-speed electric spindle shell part applied to a turning and milling composite five-axis linkage numerical control machine tool.

FIG. 11 is a right side view of a high speed motorized spindle housing portion for use in a turning and milling composite five-axis linkage numerically controlled machine tool.

FIG. 12 is a front view of a self-locking step-up type pull pawl adapted for an HSK cutter system.

Fig. 13 is a cross-sectional view of a self-locking reinforcement type pull jaw C-C adapted HSK tool system.

Fig. 14 is a front view of a unclamping cylinder integrating the unclamping function and the rotary joint function.

Fig. 15 isbase:Sub>A cross-sectional view ofbase:Sub>A unclamping cylinderbase:Sub>A-base:Sub>A that integrates the unclamping function and the swivel function.

Fig. 16 is a cross-sectional view of a unclamp cylinder E-E incorporating the unclamp function and the swivel function.

Fig. 17 is a J-J sectional view of a high-speed motorized spindle applied to a turning and milling composite five-axis linkage numerical control machine tool.

FIG. 18 is a D-D cross sectional view of a high-speed electric spindle in a tool loosening state, applied to a turning and milling composite five-axis linkage numerical control machine tool.

As shown in fig. 1: a. the device comprises an air source interface, a high-pressure water interface, a cutter loosening oil pressure interface, a first cooling oil groove and a second cooling oil groove.

As shown in fig. 2: n, a cooling oil interface, k, a band-type brake oil pressure interface, z, a first oil-gas lubrication interface, p, a second cooling oil groove, i, a main shaft rotation induction encoder, j, a temperature induction detection head, h, a three-phase power supply quick connector, and y, a second oil-gas lubrication interface. As shown in fig. 3: d. a broach oil pressure interface, e, a broach release induction signal, f, a broach in-place induction signal, g, a main shaft idle induction signal,

o, an exhaust port.

As shown in fig. 6: 1. the tool comprises an HSK tool handle, 2, an HSK tool handle steel ball spring clamp, 3 a main shaft rotating shaft core, 4, a self-locking boosting type pull claw, 5, a pull claw connecting shaft, 6, a pull tool rod, 7, two disc spring pads, 8, two groups of disc spring groups, 9, a pull tool rod connecting sleeve, 10, six loose tool bearing disc connecting shafts, 11, a rotating shaft core rear end cover, 12, a loose tool bearing disc, 13, a front end bearing inner ring locking disc, 14, an angular contact ball bearing, 15, an inner ring spacer ring, 16, a shaft core holding brake disc, 17, an electric main shaft rotor, 18, a balance disc, 19, a rear bearing inner ring front spacer ring, 20, a roller bearing, 21, a rear bearing inner ring rear spacer ring, 22, a rotating speed induction fluted disc, 23 and a main shaft directional induction disc.

As shown in fig. 7: w, the pulling claw is connected with the second high-pressure water channel of the shaft, and s, the pulling claw is connected with the first high-pressure water channel of the shaft.

As shown in fig. 9: 24. front bearing outer ring gland 25, skeleton labyrinth dust seal 26, main shaft front end cover 27, main shaft shell 28, shell oil seal 29, main shaft rear end cover 30, front bearing outer ring spacer ring 31, band-type brake piston ring 32, piston ring ejection spring 33, piston snap ring 34, band-type brake friction ring 35, heat dissipation spacer ring 36, electric main shaft stator coil 37, roller shaft outer ring gland 38 and first bolt.

As shown in fig. 11: 39. the inner ring is tightly nailed with the bolt, 40, the outer ring is tightly nailed with the bolt.

As shown in fig. 12: 41. a pull claw shaft 42, six-piece pull claw sheets 43, an annular spring 44 and a pull claw separating ring.

As shown in fig. 13: 45. the guide copper nut, 46, a U-shaped oil seal, 47, a through hole headless hexagon socket head bolt, 48 and a wave-shaped spring ring.

As shown in fig. 15: 49. the oil cylinder comprises an oil cylinder shell, 50 parts of an oil cylinder end cover, 51 parts of a loose knife piston ring, 52 parts of a pushing spring, 53 parts of a floating seal sleeve, 54 parts of a floating seal sleeve,

Static friction sealing ring, 55, dynamic friction sealing ring, 56, rotary joint shaft, 57, one-way valve, 58, bearing mounting disc, 59, bearing, 60 and second bolt.

As shown in fig. 16: 61. a floating seal cartridge bayonet.

As shown in fig. 17: v, main shaft installation body, q, cooling oil export.

As shown in fig. 18: u, pulling claw connecting shaft air source channel, x, main shaft rotating shaft core air injection channel.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

A high-speed electric main shaft applied to a turning and milling composite five-axis linkage numerical control machine tool is shown in figures 1, 2, 3 and 4, the structure of the high-speed electric main shaft is shown in figure 5 and mainly comprises a main shaft rotating part, a main shaft shell part and a cutter loosening oil cylinder part, wherein the main shaft rotating part is shown in figure 6, the main shaft rotating part mainly comprises a main shaft rotating shaft core 3, an HSK (high speed K) tool shank 1, an HSK tool shank steel ball spring clamp 2, a self-locking boosting type pulling claw 4, a pulling claw connecting shaft 5, a pulling tool rod 6, two disc spring pads 7, two disc spring sets 8, a pulling tool rod connecting sleeve 9, a rotating shaft core rear end cover 11, six cutter loosening pressure bearing disc connecting shafts 10 and a cutter loosening pressure bearing disc 12 are sequentially assembled in an inner diameter hole of the main shaft rotating shaft core 3, partial enlargements of main shaft rotating part front end are shown in fig. 7, partial enlargements of main shaft rotating part rear end are shown in fig. 8, and the downthehole HSK handle of a knife 1 that is equipped with of main shaft rotating shaft core front taper is downthehole, HSK handle of a knife 1 is propped taut in by self-locking reinforcement type draw claw 4, and taper shank, flange face and the 3 taper holes of main shaft rotating shaft core, the contact of front end two sides to HSK handle of a knife 1, 3 front taper hole radial symmetry of main shaft rotating shaft core have two holes, have installation HSK handle of a knife steel ball spring card 2 in the hole, and HSK handle of a knife steel ball spring card 2 includes the steel ball, pushes away the spring housing triplex, 1 taper shank external diameter of HSK handle has two symmetrical holes, and after the HSK handle of a knife is put in place, the steel ball is pushed in two symmetrical holes of HSK handle external diameter by partial top, self-locking reinforcement type draw claw 4 structure divide into eight parts: the self-locking boosting type pull claw structure comprises a pull claw shaft 41, six-clack pull claw sheets 42, an annular spring 43, a pull claw separating ring 44, a guide copper nut 45, a U-shaped oil seal 46, a through hole headless hexagon socket head screw 47 and a wave-shaped spring ring 48, and is in the shape of a self-locking boosting type pull claw as shown in figure 12 and in the shape of a self-locking boosting type pull claw as shown in figure 13; the outer diameter of the left end of the pull claw coupling shaft 5 is provided with threads and is connected with the middle threads of the inner diameter of a pull claw shaft 41 of a self-locking boosting type pull claw 4, the outer diameter of the left end of the pull cutter rod 6 is provided with threads and is connected with the threads of the inner diameter of the right end of the pull claw coupling shaft 5, the pull cutter rod pulls the pull claw coupling shaft towards the rear end of a main shaft rotating shaft core 3, the pull claw coupling shaft 5 tensions the self-locking boosting type pull claw 4, the inner diameter of a pull cutter rod coupling sleeve 9 is provided with threads and is connected with the threads of the outer diameter of the right end of the pull cutter rod 6, the pull cutter rod penetrates through the central holes of two disc spring pads 7 and two groups 8, a compressed disc spring group 8 penetrates through the disc spring pad 7, the inner hole step of the main shaft rotating shaft core 3 is taken as a supporting point, the pull cutter rod coupling sleeve 9 is pushed, so that the pull cutter rod 6 is kept opposite to the pull claw coupling shaft 5, the pull claw coupling shaft 5 pulls the self-locking boosting type pull claw 4 towards the rear end of the main shaft, the rear end cover 11 of the rotary shaft core is in threaded connection with the internal thread of a hole at the rear end of the main shaft rotary shaft core 3 through external diameter threads, the front ends of six 10 of the loose cutter pressure bearing disc connecting shafts are in threaded connection with a broach rod connecting sleeve 9, six through holes are uniformly distributed in the axial direction of the rear end cover 11 of the rotary shaft core, six 10 of the loose cutter pressure bearing disc connecting shafts penetrate through six holes in the rear end cover of the rotary shaft core, the rear ends of six 10 of the loose cutter pressure bearing disc connecting shafts are in fastening connection with the loose cutter pressure bearing disc 12 through bolts, two circles of threaded holes are arranged outside the six through holes uniformly distributed on the rear end surface of the rear end cover 11 of the rotary shaft core, one circle of the internal thread is provided with four internal thread tightening bolts 39, the rear end surface of the main shaft rotary shaft core 3 is tightly pressed, and the threaded connection between the external thread of the rear end cover 11 of the rotary shaft core and the internal thread of the hole of the main shaft rotary shaft core 3 is ensured not to be loosened; the outer diameter of the main shaft rotating shaft core 3 is sequentially assembled with a front end bearing inner ring locking disc 13, an angular contact ball bearing 14, an inner ring spacer ring 15, an angular contact ball bearing 14, a shaft core locking disc 16, an electric main shaft rotor 17, a balance disc 18, a rear bearing inner ring front spacer ring 19, a roller bearing 20, a rear bearing inner ring rear spacer ring 21, a rotating speed induction fluted disc 22 and a main shaft directional induction disc 23, the inner diameter of the front end bearing inner ring locking disc 13 is in threaded connection with the outer diameter front end of the main shaft rotating shaft core 3, the inner rings of the angular contact ball bearing 14 are axially positioned by the outer diameter step of the main shaft rotating shaft core 3, the front end bearing inner ring locking disc 13 axially compresses the inner rings of the two angular contact ball bearings 14 and the inner ring spacer ring 15 between the two inner rings to complete the axial fixation of the two angular contact ball bearings, the shaft core rotating shaft core 3 is provided with the shaft core locking disc 16 at the flange step, the spindle is fastened and connected through bolts, an electric spindle rotor 17 and a balance disc 18 are assembled in the middle of a spindle rotating shaft core in an interference fit mode, a rear bearing inner ring front spacer ring 19 is axially positioned at the right end step of the spindle rotating shaft core, a roller bearing 20, a rear bearing inner ring rear spacer ring 21, a rotating speed induction fluted disc 22 and a spindle directional induction disc 23 are sequentially assembled backwards, an outer ring of fastening bolts 40 are assembled in a circle of threaded holes outside a rear end cover of the spindle rotating shaft core, as shown in fig. 11, the rear end face of the spindle directional induction disc 23 is axially and forwards pushed against the rear end face of the spindle directional induction disc 23 to complete axial fixing of the inner ring of the roller bearing, axial tooth grooves are uniformly distributed on the outer diameter circumference of the rotating speed induction fluted disc 22, an axial small key groove is formed in the outer diameter circumference of the spindle directional induction disc 23, the front end structure diagram of the spindle rotating part is enlarged, as shown in fig. 7, and the rear end structure diagram of the spindle rotating part is enlarged as shown in fig. 8; secondly, the structure of the main shaft housing part, as shown in fig. 9, mainly comprises a main shaft housing 27, a main shaft front end cover 26 and a main shaft rear end cover 29, a partial enlarged view of the main shaft front end cover 26 is shown as 10, a raised step is arranged in the middle of an inner hole of the main shaft front end cover 26, inner holes at two sides of the step are mounting hole sites of an outer ring of an angular contact ball bearing, axial positioning steps of the outer ring of the angular contact ball bearing are arranged at two side surfaces of the step, a threaded hole is arranged on the end surface of the main shaft front end cover 26, a front bearing outer ring gland 24 is tightly fixed by a bolt, the outer ring of the angular contact ball bearing is axially pressed by the front bearing outer ring gland, a mounting framework labyrinth dust seal 25 is arranged in an inner diameter groove of the front bearing outer ring gland, a front bearing outer ring spacer ring 30 is assembled at the inner diameter middle of the raised step of the main shaft front end cover, a circular ring groove is arranged in the middle of the outer diameter of the front bearing outer ring spacer ring, the outer diameter of two sides of a circular ring groove and the inner diameter of a raised step in the middle of an inner hole of a front end cover 26 of a main shaft are sealed by oil seals, an outer ring spacer 30 of the front bearing is made of a material with high heat conductivity coefficient, cooling circulating oil circularly flows in the circular ring groove of the outer diameter, a circular groove is arranged on the right end face of the front end cover 26 of the main shaft, a band-type brake piston ring 31, a piston snap ring 33 and a piston ring ejecting spring 32 are arranged in the groove, a snap spring is axially arranged on the piston snap ring for limiting, oil seals are arranged between the upper face and the lower face of the circular groove on the right end face of the band-type brake piston ring 31 and the upper face and the lower face of the circular groove on the right end face of the front end cover 26 of the main shaft for sealing, a band-type brake oil pressure interface k, a cooling oil interface n and a first oil-gas lubrication interface z are arranged on the outer diameter of the front end part of the front end cover 26 of the main shaft, the inner diameter of the main shaft shell 27 is provided with a raised step, the inner hole of the front end part of the main shaft shell, the inner hole of the left side of the raised step is provided with the front end cover 26 of the main shaft, the raised bolt hole of the front end cover 26 of the main shaft, and the front end cover 27 of the main shaft is provided with a threaded hole, the spindle and the brake are fastened and connected by bolts, a fixed assembly contracting brake friction ring 34 is arranged on the front side face of a raised step at the front end part of the inner diameter of a spindle shell 27, a heat dissipation spacer ring 35 is arranged on the inner diameter of the raised step, a small step is axially positioned, a circular ring groove is arranged in the middle of the outer diameter of the heat dissipation spacer ring 35, oil seal sealing is arranged between the outer diameters of two sides of the circular ring groove and the inner diameter of the raised step at the front end of the inner diameter of the spindle shell 27, the heat dissipation spacer ring 35 is processed by a material with high heat conductivity coefficient, cooling circulating oil circularly flows in the circular ring groove of the outer diameter of the heat dissipation spacer ring, the inner hole of the middle part of the raised step is arranged on the right side of the spindle shell 27, an assembly electric spindle stator coil 36 is arranged in the inner hole of the middle of the spindle shell 27, a threaded hole is arranged on the right end face of the spindle shell 27, and a bolt hole is arranged on the outer diameter edge of a rear end cover 29 of the spindle, and the spindle and the rear end cover is fastened and connected by bolts; the inner hole of the rear end cover of the main shaft is provided with a roller bearing mounting hole site, the right side of the mounting hole site is provided with a bearing outer ring positioning step, the left side of the mounting hole site is provided with a roller bearing outer ring gland 37, the two are fastened and connected by a first bolt 38, the right side positioning step of the roller bearing mounting hole site of the rear end cover of the main shaft and the roller bearing outer ring gland 37 are axially fixed with the roller bearing outer ring, the right side view of the rear end cover of the main shaft is shown in figure 11, the right end surface of the rear end cover 29 of the main shaft is provided with three-phase power supply quick connectors h, a temperature induction detection head j, two second oil-gas lubrication interfaces y, an exhaust port o and a main shaft rotation induction encoder i, each three-phase power supply quick connector h is communicated with an outer lead of an electric main shaft stator coil 36, the temperature sensing detection head j detects a spindle temperature feedback signal, the rear end cover of the spindle is provided with a processing channel, a second oil-gas lubrication interface y is communicated with an annular groove of a roller bearing mounting hole, the outer ring of the roller bearing is provided with a hole, gas-liquid mixed lubricating oil can be introduced into a roller path of the roller bearing to lubricate the bearing, the rear end cover 29 of the spindle is provided with a processing channel, two exhaust ports o are respectively communicated with the front space and the rear space of the roller path of the roller bearing, the lubricated gas can be exhausted, the spindle rotation sensing encoder i senses a rotation speed sensing fluted disc 22 and a spindle directional sensing disc 23 which are mounted at the rear end of a spindle core and feeds back signals of the spindle rotation speed and the spindle directional position to a numerical control system; 3. the appearance of the part of the unclamping cylinder is shown in fig. 14, the structural section is shown in fig. 15 and 16, and the structure of the part of the unclamping cylinder is divided into three parts: the tool loosening oil cylinder is divided into an oil cylinder shell 49, an oil cylinder end cover 50 and a tool loosening piston ring 51, contact surfaces between the two are sealed by oil seals, the oil cylinder shell 49 and the oil cylinder end cover 50 are connected and fastened by bolts, a flange step facilitating installation of the tool loosening oil cylinder is arranged on the oil cylinder shell and is provided with an installation bolt hole, two notches are formed in the flange step end of the oil cylinder shell 49 and are conveniently matched with a high-speed spindle to assemble a rotating speed feedback encoder, a broach oil pressure interface d is arranged on the outer diameter of the oil cylinder shell and is directly communicated with an oil cylinder, an installation signal feedback part is arranged, a tool loosening oil pressure interface c, a high-pressure oil pressure interface b and an air source interface a are arranged on the oil cylinder end cover, an oil pressure channel is arranged on the oil cylinder, a high-pressure water channel and an air source channel are arranged on the rotating joint part, the high-pressure water channel and the air source channel are provided with a check valve 57 for preventing reverse backflow at the inlet of the channel, a notch with the outer edge of one third of the circumference is formed in the outer edge of the oil cylinder end cover 50, and the high-speed spindle is conveniently matched with the high-speed spindle to connect and match a power line; the rotary joint part is arranged in a central hole of the oil cylinder end cover and is provided with a floating seal sleeve 53, a static friction seal ring 54, a dynamic friction seal ring 55, a rotary joint shaft 56, a bearing 59, a bearing mounting disc 58, a pushing spring 52, a floating seal sleeve clamping pin 61 and a second bolt 60, the floating seal sleeve 53 is fixedly provided with the static friction seal ring 54, an oil seal is arranged between the outer diameter of the floating seal sleeve 53 and the inner diameter of the central hole of the oil cylinder end cover, the bearing mounting disc 58 is axially connected with the oil cylinder end cover by two second bolts 60, the outer diameter of the bearing mounting disc is sealed with the inner hole of the oil cylinder end cover by the oil seal, the bearing 59 is arranged in the inner hole of the bearing mounting disc 58 and is fixed by an axial snap spring, a bearing inner ring is assembled on the outer diameter of the rotary joint shaft 56, the shaft end of the rotary joint shaft 56 is fixedly provided with a dynamic friction sealing ring 55, the dynamic friction sealing ring 55 at the shaft end of the rotary joint shaft 56 and a static friction sealing ring 54 on the floating sealing sleeve 53, the contact surfaces of the two are precise mirror surfaces, the sealing connection of a static channel part of a high-pressure water or gas source channel and a rotary channel part is completed, the pushing spring 52 pushes the floating sealing sleeve 53 to ensure the static friction sealing ring and the dynamic friction sealing ring to be always contacted, the outer diameter of the floating sealing sleeve clamping pin 61 is provided with threads and is connected with a threaded hole of an end cover of the oil cylinder, the non-threaded part at the front end of the floating sealing sleeve clamping pin 61 is clamped in a U-shaped notch symmetrical to the step flange surface of the outer diameter of the floating sealing sleeve 53, and the floating sealing sleeve 53 is clamped not rotated along with the rotary joint shaft 56; the number of the signal feedback parts is three, wherein the signal feedback parts comprise a tool loosening sensing signal e, a tool pulling in-place sensing signal f and a main shaft empty tool sensing signal g, and each signal feedback part comprises a proximity sensing switch, an installation plate and two installation bolts; the outer rings of two angular contact ball bearings 14 at the front end of the main shaft rotating part are assembled to two bearing installation positions of which the inner hole of a main shaft front end cover 26 is separated by a middle bulge, the outer ring of a roller bearing 20 at the rear end of the main shaft rotating part is assembled to a bearing installation position of the inner hole of a main shaft rear end cover 29, the radial direction and the axial direction of the bearing outer ring are completely restricted, the unclamping oil cylinder is integrally installed on the right end face of the main shaft rear end cover, a circular bulge step is arranged on the right end face of the main shaft rear end cover 29 and matched with a flange step of an oil cylinder shell, a mounting threaded hole is arranged on the main shaft rear end cover 29, the main shaft rear end cover and the unclamping oil cylinder are fastened and connected through bolts, and accordingly, the main shaft rotating part, the main shaft shell part and the unclamping oil cylinder part are combined into an integral high-speed electric main shaft.

A high-speed motorized spindle applied to a turning and milling composite five-axis linkage numerical control machine tool is described in the structural characteristics as follows:

the high-speed electric spindle structure is provided with a self-locking boosting type pull claw 4 which is adaptive to an HSK cutter system and is assembled with a broach mechanism, wherein the broach mechanism comprises a spindle rotating shaft core 3, an HSK cutter handle 1, an HSK cutter handle steel ball spring clamp 2, the self-locking boosting type pull claw 4, a pull claw connecting shaft 5, a broach rod 6, two disc spring pads 7, two groups of disc spring groups 8, a broach rod connecting sleeve 9, a rotating shaft core rear end cover 11, six loose cutter pressure bearing disc connecting shafts 10 and a loose cutter pressure bearing disc 12 which are sequentially assembled in an inner diameter hole of the spindle rotating shaft core 3, and the broach mechanism is in a broach tensioning state, the whole self-locking boosting type pull claw 4 and the HSK 1 are in a self-locking wedging state, and six pieces of pull claw sheets 42 are uniformly separated by a pull claw separating ring 44, so that excellent high-speed rotating dynamic balance characteristics can be obtained, and the requirement of high-speed cutting technology dynamic balance is met; the self-locking reinforcement type pull claw has reinforcement function, the structure of a main shaft broach mechanism can be compact, the broach force of the six-clack pull claw sheets 42 on the HSK hilt 1 is enough to enable the front taper hole of the main shaft rotating shaft core 3 to be elastically deformed, the HSK hilt 1 moves towards the rear end of the main shaft in a micro-scale mode axially until the flange surface of the HSK hilt 1 is contacted with the front end surface of the main shaft rotating shaft core 3, and the two-surface contact of the HSK hilt system is realized.

Secondly, the tool loosening process of the high-speed electric spindle comprises the following steps: the numerical control system controls an oil pressure solenoid valve to switch an oil pressure outlet, a broach oil pressure interface d is connected with a return oil tank pipeline, a broach release oil pressure interface c introduces oil pressure to push a broach release piston ring 51, the broach release pressure bearing disc 12, six broach release pressure bearing disc connecting shafts 10, a broach rod connecting sleeve 9 and a compressed disc spring group 8 are pushed forwards, the broach rod 6 and a broach coupling shaft 5 move forwards, the broach shaft 41 moves forwards, the six-clack broach draw claw sheets 42 are loosened from a wedging state, the broach shaft 41 continues to move forwards to push the HSK hilt 1 to move forwards slightly, the two sides of the HSK hilt 1 are released from a restraining state, but the HSK hilt 1 is still in a clamping state, and the broach release state is shown in figure 18.

Thirdly, the broaching process of the high-speed electric spindle: the numerical control system controls an oil pressure electromagnetic valve, an oil pressure outlet is switched, a cutter releasing oil pressure interface c is communicated with a return oil tank pipeline, a broach oil pressure interface d introduces oil pressure to push a cutter releasing piston ring 51 to retreat, a compressed disc spring group 8 takes the inner hole step of a spindle rotating shaft core 3 as a supporting point through a disc spring pad 7, a pushing broach rod connecting sleeve 9 retreats, a broach rod 6, a broach connecting shaft 5 and a broach shaft 41 retreat until a self-locking boosting type broach 4 tensions an HSK knife handle 1 to a wedging self-locking and two-surface constraint state, the backward movement is not carried out, the disc spring group 8 only partially recovers the deformation amount, the elasticity generated by the residual deformation amount is kept, the tension of the disc spring group 8 on the broach rod connecting sleeve 9 and the broach rod 6 on the broach connecting shaft 5 is kept, the broach connecting shaft 5 tensions the self-locking boosting type broach 4 to the rear end of the spindle, the cutter releasing piston ring 51 retreats to a section of distance away from the rear end surface of a cutter releasing bearing disc 12, and the tension state is shown in figures 5 and 17.

Fourthly, the high-pressure cutting water channel of the high-speed electric spindle: when cutting machining is carried out, the broach mechanism is in a broach tensioning state, a high-pressure cutting water channel is a high-pressure water interface b, a one-way valve 57, an oil cylinder end cover channel, a static friction sealing ring 54, a dynamic friction sealing ring 55, a rotary joint shaft 56 center hole, a rotary shaft core rear end cover 11 center hole, a broach rod 6 center hole, a broach coupling shaft 5 center hole, a broach coupling shaft second high-pressure water channel w, a main shaft rotary shaft core 3 inner hole groove, a broach coupling shaft first high-pressure water channel s, a broach shaft 41 center hole to an HSK tool handle 1 center hole, and then to a tool center hole for high-pressure ejection, oil seal sealing is carried out at the channel joint, at the moment, a broach coupling shaft air source channel u is not aligned with a main shaft core air injection channel x inlet, and is in a closing state, namely, the broach state, and the air source channel is closed.

Fifthly, the air source channel of the high-speed motorized spindle: when a five-axis linkage numerical control machine tool automatically changes tools and a spindle broach mechanism is in a unclamped state, as shown in fig. 18, an air source channel is an air source interface a, a one-way valve 57, an oil cylinder end cover channel, a static friction sealing ring 54, a dynamic friction sealing ring 55, a rotary joint shaft 56 center hole, a rotary shaft core rear end cover 11 center hole, a broach rod 6 center hole, a gripper coupling shaft 5 center hole, a gripper coupling shaft air source channel u, a spindle rotary shaft core air injection channel x and small hole blowing air to the front end face of the spindle rotary shaft core and a conical hole, oil seal sealing is arranged at the joint of the channels, and at the moment, a first high-pressure water channel s of the gripper coupling shaft staggers the inner hole groove position of the spindle rotary shaft core 3, namely, the high-pressure cutting water channel is closed in the unclamped state.

An oil pressure band-type brake structure is arranged in the front end of the high-speed electric spindle, an annular groove is formed in the right end face of a spindle front end cover 26, an assembled band-type brake piston ring 31, a piston snap ring 33 and a piston ring ejecting and withdrawing spring 32 are arranged in the groove, a snap spring is axially arranged on the piston snap ring for limiting, oil seal sealing is respectively arranged between the band-type brake piston ring and the upper face and the lower face of the annular groove in the right end face of the spindle front end cover 26, and a band-type brake oil pressure interface k is arranged at the outer diameter of the spindle front end cover; a step of a flange of the main shaft rotating shaft core 3 is provided with a shaft core contracting brake disc 16 which is fastened and connected by bolts; a fixed assembly band-type brake friction ring 34 is arranged on the left side surface of a convex step at the front end part of the inner diameter of the main shaft shell 27; the spindle front end cover 26 is provided with a processing channel for conducting an oil seal closed space formed by an annular groove from a band-type brake oil pressure interface k at the outer diameter of the spindle front end cover 26 to the right end face of the spindle front end cover and a band-type brake piston ring, as shown in figures 5 and 9,

seventhly, the internal oil pressure brake structure at the front end of the high-speed electric spindle acts as follows: the main shaft stops rotating, after the main shaft performs the directional action, an internal contracting brake oil pressure interface k at the outer diameter of the front end cover 26 of the main shaft introduces oil pressure, the oil pressure pushes an internal contracting brake piston ring 31 to move right, the internal contracting brake piston ring 31 presses a shaft core internal contracting brake disc 16 to be attached to an internal contracting brake friction ring 34 on a main shaft shell 27, the main shaft rotating shaft core 3 of the high-speed electric main shaft can bear larger torque during the turning processing, and the processing precision during the turning processing is ensured; when the electromagnetic valve is controlled by a numerical control system to switch oil pressure, and the internal contracting brake oil pressure interface k is conducted to a return pipeline, the internal contracting brake piston ring 31 is pushed by the piston ring pushing-back spring 32 to move left to separate from the internal contracting brake disc of the shaft core, the internal contracting brake disc 16 is elastically separated from the internal contracting brake friction ring 34 on the main shaft shell, and the main shaft rotating shaft core 3 can rotate.

Eighthly, in the heat dissipation cooling circulation channel of the high-speed electric spindle, the outer diameter of the spindle front end cover 26 is provided with a cooling oil interface n, the spindle front end cover 26 and the spindle housing 27 are provided with processing channels, cooling circulation oil is introduced from the cooling oil interface n on the outer diameter of the spindle front end cover 26, flows into a circular groove in the middle of the outer diameter of the front bearing outer ring spacer 30, then flows into a channel communicated with the spindle housing 27 through the spindle front end cover 26, as shown in fig. 17, flows into a first cooling oil groove m of the spindle housing, then flows into a middle circular groove in the outer diameter of the heat dissipation spacer 35, as shown in fig. 1 and 18, flows into a second cooling oil groove p of the spindle housing, as shown in fig. 18, and then is introduced into a circular groove of the spindle housing, as shown in fig. 2 and 17, the outer diameter of the spindle housing is provided with an oil seal groove, the housing oil seal 28 is assembled to seal a gap between the spindle housing and a spindle mounting hole on the spindle mounting body v, cooling oil flows through the circular groove of the spindle housing 27, and then flows back from a spindle cooling oil outlet q of the spindle mounting body v, and the cooling oil tank of the spindle, the front bearing 30 and the outer ring 35 are both are made of heat dissipation spacer, and are made of heat conduction materials with high heat conduction coefficient, and can effectively cool the cooling oil.

Ninthly, the high-speed electric main shaft bearing is lubricated by oil gas, and the front end angular contact ball bearing 14 is lubricated: the outer diameter of the main shaft front end cover 26 is provided with a first oil-gas lubrication interface z for leading in oil-gas lubrication, the main shaft front end cover 26 is provided with a processing channel, and the led-in oil-gas enters two groups of angular contact ball bearing 14 raceways and is discharged from a skeleton labyrinth dust seal 25 arranged in a groove in the inner diameter of a front bearing outer ring gland 24; lubrication of the rear-end roller bearing 20: the right end face of the main shaft rear end cover 29 is provided with two second oil-gas lubrication interfaces y and two gas outlets o, the main shaft rear end cover 29 is provided with a processing channel, the oil-gas lubrication interfaces are communicated with the annular groove of the installation hole of the roller bearing 20, the outer ring of the roller bearing 20 is provided with a hole, oil gas can be guided into the roller path of the roller bearing to lubricate the bearing, the main shaft rear end cover 29 is provided with the processing channel, the two gas outlets o are respectively communicated with the front space and the rear space of the roller path of the roller bearing, and lubricated gas can be discharged.

The electric signals of the high-speed electric spindle are complete and accurate, and a three-phase power supply quick connector h of the electric spindle is arranged on a rear end cover of the spindle, so that a three-phase power supply can be quickly connected and matched, and the contact is stable; a temperature sensing detection head j is arranged and feeds back the monitored temperature of the motorized spindle to the system; the system is provided with a main shaft rotation induction encoder i, a rotating speed induction fluted disc 22 and a main shaft directional induction disc 23 which are used for inducing the rear end of a main shaft rotating shaft core 3, and the rotating speed of the main shaft and the accurate directional angle of the main shaft are fed back to the system; the three signal feedback parts of the tool loosening oil cylinder comprise a tool loosening sensing signal e, a tool pulling in-place sensing signal f and a main shaft empty tool sensing signal g, the outer diameter edge of the tool loosening bearing disc 12 is sensed, and a very accurate main shaft end tool holding state signal can be fed back to a numerical control system.

Eleven, when the broaching mechanism of the high-speed electric spindle is in a tool releasing state, the broaching mechanism can also keep the HSK tool shank stably clamped in a front taper hole of a spindle rotating shaft core, 1, a wave-shaped spring ring 48 of the self-locking boosting type broaching claw 4 pushes a separating ring 44 of the broaching claw by taking the inner diameter step surface of the spindle rotating shaft core as a fulcrum, and the separating ring 44 pushes a six-clack claw sheet 42 to be in an opening state, so that the HSK tool shank 1 can still be clamped; 2, the radial symmetry of main shaft rotating shaft core front taper hole portion has two holes, has installation HSK handle of a knife steel ball spring card 2 in the hole, and HSK handle of a knife steel ball spring card 2 includes the steel ball, pushes away the spring, and the spring housing triplex, HSK handle of a knife taper shank external diameter has two symmetrical holes, and HSK handle of a knife 1 assembles the back that targets in place, and the steel ball is pushed in two downtheholess of HSK handle of a knife 1 taper shank external diameter symmetry by partial top, and this HSK handle of a knife steel ball spring card 2 of slack sword state still can be stable blocks the HSK handle of a knife, guarantees the stability of quick automatic tool changing, when preventing manual tool changing, and the manual grabbing handle of a knife is untimely, and the handle of a knife drops and damages the cutter, and when manual tool changing, need not two people's cooperation just can tear the sword open.

Furthermore, the terms "first", "second" and "first" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or to implicitly indicate the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature, and in the description of the invention, "plurality" means two or more unless explicitly specifically defined otherwise.

In the present invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted", "connected", "fixed", and the like are to be understood broadly, and may be, for example, a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific situations by those skilled in the art.

In the present application, unless expressly stated or limited otherwise, the recitation of a first feature "on" or "under" a second feature may include the recitation of the first and second features being in direct contact, and may also include the recitation of the first and second features not being in direct contact, but being in contact with another feature between them. Also, the first feature being "on," "above" and "over" the second feature includes the first feature being directly on and obliquely above the second feature, or merely indicating that the first feature is at a higher level than the second feature. The first feature being "under," "beneath," and "under" the second feature includes the first feature being directly above and obliquely above the second feature, or simply meaning that the first feature is at a lesser level than the second feature.

In the description herein, references to the description of the term "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "an example," "a specific example," or "some examples," etc., mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.

Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it is to be understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present invention, and that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to the above embodiments by those of ordinary skill in the art without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention.

Claims (9)

1. A high-speed electric spindle applied to a turning and milling composite five-axis linkage numerical control machine tool is characterized in that the high-speed electric spindle structure is mainly divided into three parts, namely a spindle rotating part, a spindle housing part and a tool releasing oil cylinder part, wherein the spindle rotating part is mainly a spindle rotating shaft core (3), the HSK tool shank and the tool bit are characterized in that an HSK tool shank (1), two HSK tool shank steel ball spring clamps (2), two self-locking boosting type pulling claws (4), a pulling claw connecting shaft (5), a pulling tool rod (6) and two disc spring pads (7), two disc spring groups (8), a pulling tool rod connecting sleeve (9), a rotating shaft core rear end cover (11), six loosening tool bearing disc connecting shafts (10) and a loosening tool bearing disc (12) are sequentially assembled in an inner diameter hole of a main shaft rotating shaft core (3), the HSK tool shank (1) is internally supported and tensioned by the self-locking boosting type pulling claws (4) until a taper shank and a flange surface of the HSK tool shank (1) are in contact with a taper hole and two front end surfaces of the main shaft rotating shaft core (3), two holes are radially symmetrical in the front taper hole of the main shaft rotating shaft core (3), the HSK steel ball spring clamps (2) are installed in the holes, and each HSK steel ball spring clamp (2) comprises a tool shank, a jacking spring and a spring sleeve, HSK handle of a knife (1) taper shank external diameter has two symmetrical holes, and the assembly of HSK handle of a knife targets in place the back, and the steel ball is pushed forward two symmetrical holes of HSK handle of a knife external diameter by partial top, auto-lock reinforcement type draws claw (4) structure to divide into eight parts: a draw claw shaft (41), six-clack draw claw sheets (42), an annular spring (43), a draw claw separating ring (44), a guide copper nut (45), a U-shaped oil seal (46), a through hole headless hexagon socket head cap screw (47), a wave-shaped spring ring (48), wherein the outer diameter of the left end of the draw claw coupling shaft (5) is provided with threads which are connected with the middle threads of the inner diameter of the draw claw shaft (41) of the self-locking boosting type draw claw (4), the outer diameter of the left end of the draw cutter rod (6) is provided with threads which are connected with the threads of the inner diameter of the right end of the draw claw coupling shaft (5), the draw cutter rod pulls the draw claw coupling shaft towards the rear end of the main shaft rotating shaft core (3), the draw claw coupling shaft (5) tensions the self-locking boosting type draw claw (4), the inner diameter of a broach rod connecting sleeve (9) is in threaded connection with the outer diameter of the right end of the broach rod (6), the broach rod penetrates through the central holes of two disc spring pads (7) and two groups of disc spring groups (8), the compressed disc spring groups (8) pass through the disc spring pads (7), the inner hole step of a main shaft rotating shaft core (3) is taken as a supporting point, the broach rod connecting sleeve (9) is pushed, so that the broach rod (6) is kept to be in threaded connection with a broach connecting shaft (5), the broach connecting shaft (5) is used for pulling a self-locking boosting type broach (4) to the rear end of a main shaft, the outer diameter thread of a rear end cover (11) of the rotating shaft core is in threaded connection with the inner thread of a rear end hole of the main shaft rotating shaft core (3), the front ends of six loose bearing disc connecting shafts (10) are in threaded connection with the broach rod connecting sleeve (9), six through holes are uniformly distributed in the axial direction of a rear end cover (11) of a rotating shaft core, six loose bearing disc connecting shafts (10) penetrate through the six holes of the rear end cover of the rotating shaft core, the rear ends of the six loose bearing disc connecting shafts (10) are tightly connected with the loose bearing disc (12) through bolts, two rings of threaded holes are formed outside the six through holes uniformly distributed on the rear end face of the rear end cover (11) of the rotating shaft core, a circle of inner ring fastening bolts (39) are assembled inside the six through holes in a screwing mode, the rear end face of a rotating shaft core (3) of the main shaft is tightly propped against the rear end face of the rotating shaft core, threaded connection between external threads of the rear end cover (11) of the rotating shaft core and internal threads of a rear end hole of a main shaft rotating shaft core (3) is guaranteed not to be loose, the outer threads of the rotating shaft core (3) of the main shaft is sequentially assembled with a front end bearing inner ring locking disc (13), an angular contact ball bearing (14), an inner ring (15), a ball bearing (14), a shaft core locking disc (16), an electric main shaft rotor (17), a balance disc (18), a rear bearing inner ring (19), an inner ring (20), an inner ring (21), an inner ring bearing (22), an inner ring induction disc (23), an inner ring (23) of a rotating shaft bearing ring (13), an induction disc (13) and an inner ring (13) of a main shaft core positioning disc (13), two axial bearing (13) and two positioning step (13) of the rotating shaft core (13), an axial bearing (13) of the rotating shaft core, an inner ring, an angular contact bearing (13) of the rotating shaft core (3), an inner ring (13) of the rotating shaft core (3), an induction disc, an inner ring (3), two positioning step (13) of the rotating shaft core (13) and two positioning step (13) of the rotating shaft core The spacer ring (15) completes the axial fixation of the inner rings of the two angular contact ball bearings, a mounting shaft core contracting brake disc (16) is arranged at the flange step of the main shaft rotating shaft core (3) and is fastened and connected by bolts, the electric main shaft rotor (17) and the balance disc (18) are assembled in the middle of the main shaft rotating shaft core in an interference fit manner, the right end step of the main shaft rotating shaft core is axially positioned, the front spacer ring (19) of the inner ring of the rear bearing is sequentially assembled backwards with the roller bearing (20), the rear spacer ring (21) of the inner ring of the rear bearing, the rotating speed induction fluted disc (22) and the main shaft directional induction disc (23), four outer ring tightening bolts (40) are assembled in one circle of threaded holes outside the rear end cover of the rotating shaft core, the rear end face of the main shaft directional induction disc (23) is axially and forwardly pressed, and the axial fixation of the inner ring of the roller bearing is completed, axial tooth grooves are uniformly distributed on the outer diameter circumference of a rotating speed sensing fluted disc (22), an axial small key groove is arranged on the outer diameter circumference of a main shaft directional sensing fluted disc (23), and the structure of a main shaft shell part mainly comprises a main shaft shell (27), a main shaft front end cover (26) and a main shaft rear end cover (29), wherein the middle of an inner hole of the main shaft front end cover (26) is provided with a raised step, inner holes at two sides of the step are angular contact ball bearing outer ring mounting hole sites, the side surfaces at two sides of the step are axial positioning steps of an angular contact ball bearing outer ring, the end surface of the main shaft front end cover (26) is provided with a threaded hole, a front bearing outer ring gland (24) is tightly installed through a bolt, the front bearing outer ring gland axially compresses the angular contact ball bearing outer ring, a framework labyrinth dust seal (25) is arranged in an inner diameter groove of the front bearing outer ring gland, the inner diameter of the middle protruding step of the inner hole of the front end cover of the main shaft is provided with a front bearing outer ring spacer ring (30), the middle of the outer diameter of the front bearing outer ring spacer ring is provided with a circular ring groove, the outer diameters of two sides of the circular ring groove and the inner diameter of the middle protruding step of the inner hole of the front end cover (26) of the main shaft are sealed by oil seals, the front bearing outer ring spacer ring (30) is made of a material with high heat conductivity coefficient, cooling circulating oil circularly flows in the circular ring groove of the outer diameter of the front bearing outer ring spacer ring, the right end surface of the front end cover (26) of the main shaft is provided with a circular groove, an assembly contracting brake piston ring (31), a piston ring (33), a piston ring ejecting and withdrawing spring (32), the piston ring is axially limited by a clamping spring, and the upper surface and the lower surface of the circular groove of the right end surface of the front end cover (26) of the main shaft are sealed by oil seals, the outer diameter of the spindle front end cover (26) is provided with a band-type brake oil pressure interface (k), a cooling oil interface (n) and a first oil-gas lubrication interface (z), the front end part of the inner diameter of a spindle shell (27) is provided with a raised step, the left side of the raised step is provided with an inner hole of the front end part of the spindle shell, the spindle front end cover (26) is assembled, a flange face of the spindle front end cover (26) is provided with a countersunk bolt hole, the front end face of the spindle shell (27) is provided with a threaded hole, the threaded hole and the threaded hole are fastened and connected by a bolt, the front side face of the raised step of the front end part of the inner diameter of the spindle shell (27) is provided with a fixed band-type brake friction ring (34), the inner diameter of the raised step is provided with a heat dissipation spacer ring (35), the small step is axially positioned, and the middle of the outer diameter of the heat dissipation spacer ring (35) is provided with a circular ring groove, oil seal sealing is arranged between the outer diameters of two sides of a circular ring groove and the inner diameter of a protruding step at the front end of the inner diameter of a main shaft shell (27), a heat dissipation spacer ring (35) is made of a material with high heat conductivity coefficient, cooling circulating oil circularly flows in the circular ring groove of the outer diameter, the inner hole of the middle part of the main shaft shell (27) is arranged on the right side of the protruding step, an electric main shaft stator coil (36) is assembled in the inner hole of the middle of the main shaft shell (27), a threaded hole is arranged on the right end face of the main shaft shell (27), a bolt hole is arranged on the main shaft rear end cover (29) close to the outer diameter edge and is tightly connected with the bolt hole, a roller bearing installation hole position is arranged in the inner hole of the main shaft rear end cover, a bearing outer ring positioning step is arranged on the right side of the installation hole, a roller bearing outer ring gland (37) is arranged on the left side of the installation hole, the two are tightly connected through a first bolt (38), a positioning step at the right side of a roller bearing mounting hole of a rear end cover of a main shaft and a roller bearing outer ring gland (37) are axially used for fixing a roller bearing outer ring, three-phase power supply quick connectors (h) and a temperature induction detection head (j) are assembled on the right end surface of the rear end cover (29) of the main shaft, two of a second oil-gas lubrication connector (y), an exhaust port (o) and a main shaft rotation induction encoder (i), each three-phase power supply quick connector (h) is communicated with an outer lead of an electric stator coil (36), the temperature induction detection head (j) is used for detecting a main shaft temperature feedback signal, a processing channel is arranged on the rear end cover of the main shaft, and the second oil-gas lubrication connector (y) is communicated with an annular groove of the roller bearing mounting hole, the outer ring of the roller bearing is provided with a hole, gas-liquid mixed lubricating oil can be led into a roller path of the roller bearing to lubricate the bearing, a processing channel is arranged on a rear end cover (29) of the main shaft, two exhaust ports (o) are respectively communicated with the front space and the rear space of the roller path of the roller bearing, the lubricated gas can be discharged, the main shaft rotation induction encoder (i) induces a rotation speed induction fluted disc (22) and a main shaft directional induction disc (23) which are arranged at the rear end of a main shaft rotary shaft core, and signals of the main shaft rotation speed and the main shaft directional position are fed back to a numerical control system; the structure of the cutter loosening oil cylinder part is divided into three parts: the tool loosening oil cylinder, the rotary joint and the signal feedback are adopted, the tool loosening oil cylinder is divided into an oil cylinder shell (49), an oil cylinder end cover (50) and a tool loosening piston ring (51), the contact surface between any two of the two is sealed by an oil seal, the oil cylinder shell (49) and the oil cylinder end cover (50) are connected and fastened by a bolt, a flange step facilitating the installation of the tool loosening oil cylinder is arranged on the oil cylinder shell, a mounting bolt hole is formed, two notches are formed in the flange step end of the oil cylinder shell (49) and facilitate the assembly of a rotating speed feedback encoder matched with a high-speed spindle, a broach oil pressure interface (d) is directly connected with the oil cylinder and is provided with a mounting signal feedback part, a tool loosening oil pressure interface (c), a high-pressure water interface (b) and an air source interface (a) are formed in the oil cylinder end cover, an oil pressure channel is arranged on the oil cylinder, a high-pressure water channel and an air source channel are arranged on the rotating joint part, the high-pressure water channel and the air source channel are provided with a one-way valve (57) for preventing reverse backflow arranged at the inlet of the channel, a one third notch is formed in the outer edge of the oil cylinder end cover (50), and facilitate the connection of the high-speed spindle and the matching with the high-speed spindle to connect and form a power line; the rotary joint part is arranged in a central hole of an oil cylinder end cover, the rotary joint part is provided with a floating seal sleeve (53), a static friction seal ring (54), a dynamic friction seal ring (55), a rotary joint shaft (56), a bearing (59), a bearing mounting disc (58), a pushing spring (52), a floating seal sleeve clamping pin (61) and a second bolt (60), the floating seal sleeve (53) is fixedly provided with the static friction seal ring (54), an oil seal is arranged between the outer diameter of the floating seal sleeve (53) and the inner diameter of the central hole of the oil cylinder end cover, the bearing mounting disc (58) is axially connected with the oil cylinder end cover through two second bolts (60), the outer diameter of the bearing is sealed with the inner hole of the oil cylinder end cover, the bearing (59) is arranged in the inner hole of the bearing mounting disc (58) and is fixed, a bearing inner ring is assembled on the outer diameter of the rotary joint shaft (56), the shaft end of the rotary joint shaft (56) is fixedly provided with the dynamic friction seal ring (55), the dynamic friction seal ring (55) of the rotary joint shaft (56) is connected with the static friction seal ring (54) on the floating seal sleeve (53), the two contact surfaces are both of the precise mirror surfaces, the static seal sleeve or the static channel part of the static channel is connected with the rotating channel, the pushing spring of the rotating channel, the pushing spring, the floating seal ring (53), and the floating seal ring (61), and the high-sealing ring (61) is always in contact with the floating seal ring, the high-pushing spring, the floating seal sleeve, the floating seal ring (61), the front end of a floating seal sleeve clamping pin (61) is clamped in a U-shaped notch with a symmetrical flange surface of a step on the outer diameter of the floating seal sleeve (53) without threads, and the floating seal sleeve (53) is clamped not to rotate along with a rotary joint shaft (56); the three signal feedback parts comprise a tool loosening sensing signal (e), a tool pulling in-place sensing signal (f) and a main shaft idle tool sensing signal (g), and each signal feedback part comprises a proximity sensing switch, a mounting plate and two mounting bolts; two outer rings of two angular contact ball bearings (14) at the front end of a main shaft rotating part are assembled to two bearing mounting positions of which the inner hole of a main shaft front end cover (26) is separated by a middle bulge, an outer ring of a roller bearing (20) at the rear end of the main shaft rotating part is assembled to an inner hole bearing mounting position of a main shaft rear end cover (29), the radial direction and the axial direction of the outer ring of the bearing are completely restricted, a cutter loosening oil cylinder is integrally mounted on the right end face of the main shaft rear end cover, a circular bulge step is arranged on the right end face of the main shaft rear end cover (29) and matched with a flange step of an oil cylinder shell, a mounting threaded hole is arranged in the main shaft rear end cover (29), the two parts are fastened and connected through bolts, and accordingly, the main shaft rotating part, the main shaft shell part and the cutter loosening oil cylinder part are combined into an integral high-speed electric main shaft.

2. The high-speed electric spindle applied to the turning and milling compound five-axis linkage numerical control machine tool is characterized in that a self-locking boosting type pulling claw (4) adaptive to an HSK cutter system is applied, and the structure of the self-locking boosting type pulling claw (4) is divided into eight parts: the device comprises a pull claw shaft (41), six-clack pull claw sheets (42), an annular spring (43), a pull claw separating ring (44), a guide copper nut (45), a U-shaped oil seal (46), a through hole headless hexagon socket head bolt (47) and a wave-shaped spring ring (48).

3. The high-speed electric spindle applied to the turning and milling composite five-axis linkage numerical control machine tool is characterized in that a broach mechanism comprises a spindle rotating shaft core (3), two HSK tool handles (1), an HSK tool handle steel ball spring clamp (2), a self-locking boosting type broach claw (4), a broach claw connecting shaft (5), broach rods (6), two disc spring pads (7), two disc spring groups (8), a broach rod connecting sleeve (9), a rotating shaft core rear end cover (11), six broach loosening pressure bearing disc connecting shafts (10) and a broach loosening pressure bearing disc (12), wherein the broach mechanism is in a broach tensioning state, the whole self-locking boosting type broach claw (4) and the HSK tool handle (1) are in a self-locking wedge-tight state, and six petal broach claw sheets (42) are uniformly separated by a broach separation ring (44); the self-locking reinforcement type pull claw has a reinforcement function, the six-clack pull claw piece (42) has enough cutter pulling force on the HSK cutter handle (1) to enable the front taper hole of the main shaft rotating shaft core (3) to elastically deform, the HSK cutter handle (1) moves towards the rear end of the main shaft in a micro-scale mode in the axial direction until the flange face of the HSK cutter handle (1) is in contact with the front end face of the main shaft rotating shaft core (3), and therefore two-face contact of the HSK cutter handle system is achieved.

4. The high-speed motorized spindle applied to the turning and milling composite five-axis linkage numerical control machine tool is characterized in that the high-speed motorized spindle applied to the turning and milling composite five-axis linkage numerical control machine tool is provided with a tool loosening oil cylinder integrating a tool loosening function and a rotary joint function, and is provided with a mounting signal feedback part, wherein the end cover of the oil cylinder is provided with a tool loosening oil pressure interface (c), a high-pressure water interface (b) and an air source interface (a), an oil pressure channel is arranged on the oil cylinder, a high-pressure water channel and an air source channel are arranged on a rotary joint part, the high-pressure water channel and the air source channel are provided with a check valve (57) for preventing reverse backflow at the inlet of the channels, the rotary joint part is mounted in a central hole of an end cover of the oil cylinder, and the rotary joint part is provided with a floating sealing sleeve (53), a static friction sealing ring (54), a dynamic friction sealing ring (55), a rotary joint shaft (56), a bearing (59), a bearing mounting disc (58), a pushing spring (52), a floating clamping sleeve (61) and a second bolt (60).

5. The high-speed electric spindle applied to the turning and milling composite five-axis linkage numerical control machine tool is characterized in that an oil pressure band-type brake structure is arranged inside the front end, an annular groove is formed in the right end face of a spindle front end cover (26), a band-type brake piston ring (31) is assembled in the annular groove, a piston snap ring (33) and a piston ring ejecting and withdrawing spring (32) are arranged in the annular groove, the piston snap ring is limited by a snap spring in the axial direction, oil seal sealing is arranged between the band-type brake piston ring and the upper surface and the lower surface of the annular groove in the right end face of the spindle front end cover (26), and a band-type brake oil pressure interface (k) is arranged at the outer diameter of the spindle front end cover; a mounting shaft core contracting brake disc (16) is arranged at the flange step of the main shaft rotating shaft core (3) and is fastened and connected by bolts; a fixed assembly band-type brake friction ring (34) is arranged on the left side face of a raised step at the front end part of the inner diameter of the main shaft shell (27); the main shaft front end cover (26) is provided with a processing channel, and an oil seal closed space formed by an annular groove and a band-type brake piston ring is communicated from a band-type brake oil pressure interface (k) at the outer diameter of the main shaft front end cover (26) to the right end face of the main shaft front end cover.

6. The high-speed electric spindle applied to the turning and milling composite five-axis linkage numerical control machine tool is characterized in that a heat dissipation cooling circulation channel is formed, a cooling oil interface (n) is formed in the outer diameter of a spindle front end cover (26), a machining channel is formed in the spindle front end cover (26) and a spindle housing (27), cooling circulation oil is introduced from the cooling oil interface (n) in the outer diameter of the spindle front end cover (26), flows through a circular ring groove in the middle of the outer diameter of a front bearing outer ring spacer ring (30), then flows into a first cooling oil groove (m) in the spindle housing through a channel communicated with the spindle housing (27) through the spindle front end cover (26), then flows into a circular ring groove in the middle of the outer diameter of a heat dissipation spacer ring (35), flows through a circular ring groove in the middle of the outer diameter of the heat dissipation spacer ring (35), and then flows into a second cooling oil groove (p) in the spindle housing, an oil seal groove is formed in the outer diameter of the spindle housing, an oil seal (28) is assembled to seal a gap between the spindle housing and a spindle mounting hole in the spindle mounting body (v), cooling oil outlet (q) of the spindle mounting body flows back to the cooling oil tank (30), and the cooling oil seal is high heat conduction coefficient of the cooling oil seal material which is effectively conducted to the cooling oil seal.

7. The high-speed electric spindle applied to the turning and milling composite five-axis linkage numerical control machine tool is characterized in that oil-gas lubrication is adopted, and a front-end angular contact ball bearing (14) is lubricated: the outer diameter of the front end cover (26) of the main shaft is provided with a first oil-gas lubrication interface (z) for introducing oil-gas lubrication, the front end cover (26) of the main shaft is provided with a processing channel, introduced oil-gas enters two groups of angular contact ball bearing (14) raceways and is discharged from a skeleton labyrinth dust seal (25) arranged in an inner diameter groove of a front bearing outer ring gland (24); lubrication of the rear end roller bearing (20): there are two second oil-gas lubrication interface (y), gas vent (o) on main shaft rear end cap (29) the right-hand member face, main shaft rear end cap (29) has the processing passageway, lets the annular groove of oil-gas lubrication interface intercommunication roller bearing (20) installation hole site, and roller bearing (20) outer lane is porose, can leading-in oil gas to roller bearing's raceway, lubricated bearing, likewise main shaft rear end cap (29) has the processing passageway, lets two gas vents communicate the front and back space of roller bearing raceway respectively, and lubricated gas can discharge.

8. The high-speed motorized spindle applied to the turning and milling composite five-axis linkage numerical control machine tool is characterized in that a three-phase power supply quick connector (h) of the motorized spindle is arranged on a rear end cover of the spindle, a temperature sensing detection head (j) is arranged, and the monitored temperature of the motorized spindle is fed back to a system; the device is provided with a main shaft rotation induction encoder (i), a rotating speed induction fluted disc (22) and a main shaft directional induction disc (23) which are used for inducing the rear end of a main shaft rotating shaft core (3), and the rotating speed of the main shaft and the accurate directional angle of the main shaft are fed back to a system; the three signal feedback parts of the tool loosening oil cylinder comprise a tool loosening sensing signal (e), a tool pulling in-place sensing signal (f) and a main shaft empty tool sensing signal (g), the outer diameter edge of the tool loosening bearing disc (12) is sensed, and an accurate main shaft end tool holding state signal can be fed back to a numerical control system.

9. The high-speed motorized spindle applied to the turning and milling composite five-axis linkage numerical control machine tool is characterized in that a broach mechanism can also keep an HSK (high speed K) shank to be stably clamped in a front taper hole of a spindle rotating shaft core in a unclamped state, 1, a corrugated spring ring (48) of a self-locking reinforcement type broach (4) pushes a broach separating ring (44) by taking the inner diameter step surface of the spindle rotating shaft core (3) as a fulcrum, and the separating ring (44) pushes a six-clack broach sheet (42) to be in an opened state and still clamp the HSK shank; 2, the radial symmetry of taper hole portion before the main shaft rotatory axle core has two holes, has installation HSK handle of a knife steel ball spring card (2) downthehole, and HSK handle of a knife steel ball spring card (2) are including the steel ball, push away the spring, and spring housing triplex, HSK handle of a knife (1) taper shank external diameter has two symmetrical holes, and the back that targets in place is assembled to HSK handle of a knife (1), and the steel ball is pushed two downthehole by partial top HSK handle of a knife taper shank external diameter symmetries, and this HSK handle of a knife spring card (2) of slack sword state still can be stable block HSK handle of a knife (1).

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