CN116921722A - Transmission mechanism and electric chuck - Google Patents
Transmission mechanism and electric chuck Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN116921722A CN116921722A CN202311065478.8A CN202311065478A CN116921722A CN 116921722 A CN116921722 A CN 116921722A CN 202311065478 A CN202311065478 A CN 202311065478A CN 116921722 A CN116921722 A CN 116921722A
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- Prior art keywords
- pull rod
- screw
- connecting shaft
- rod connecting
- clamping jaw
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- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 76
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 75
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 230000033001 locomotion Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 claims description 51
- 230000017525 heat dissipation Effects 0.000 claims description 26
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000007667 floating Methods 0.000 description 17
- 239000003570 air Substances 0.000 description 13
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 125000006850 spacer group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 3
- 210000000078 claw Anatomy 0.000 description 3
- 239000000498 cooling water Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000010687 lubricating oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005461 lubrication Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000013021 overheating Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000012080 ambient air Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003801 milling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002441 reversible effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007306 turnover Effects 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23B—TURNING; BORING
- B23B31/00—Chucks; Expansion mandrels; Adaptations thereof for remote control
- B23B31/02—Chucks
- B23B31/10—Chucks characterised by the retaining or gripping devices or their immediate operating means
- B23B31/103—Retention by pivotal elements, e.g. catches, pawls
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Transmission Devices (AREA)
Abstract
The application belongs to the technical field of chucks, and particularly relates to a transmission mechanism and an electric chuck. The transmission mechanism comprises a screw rod, a screw rod nut and a pull rod connecting shaft; the screw rod is provided with a power connecting end used for being connected with the power mechanism, and the screw rod is driven by the power mechanism to rotate; the screw nut is positioned in front of the power connection end, the screw nut is sleeved on the periphery of the screw, the screw nut is matched with the screw through threads, and the screw nut moves back and forth along the axial direction under the drive of the rotation of the screw; the pull rod connecting shaft is positioned in front of the screw nut, is connected with the screw nut, and drives the pull rod connecting shaft to axially move when the screw nut axially moves, and is used for driving the clamping jaw transmission assembly to axially move. The transmission mechanism provided by the application can convert the rotation output of the power mechanism such as a motor into linear motion and output the linear motion to the clamping jaw transmission assembly and the clamping jaw, thereby realizing the clamping action or the opening action of the clamping jaw.
Description
Technical Field
The application belongs to the technical field of chucks, and particularly relates to a transmission mechanism and an electric chuck.
Background
The chuck is a mechanical device on a machine tool for clamping a workpiece. The workpiece is clamped and positioned by the radial movement of the movable claws uniformly distributed on the chuck body. The chuck generally comprises a chuck body, movable claws and a claw driving mechanism. The minimum diameter of the chuck body is 65 mm, the maximum diameter can reach 1500 mm, and a through hole is formed in the center so as to pass through a workpiece or a bar stock; the back of the machine tool is provided with a cylindrical or short conical structure, and the back of the machine tool is directly connected with the end part of the main shaft of the machine tool or is connected with the end part of the main shaft of the machine tool through a flange plate. The chuck is usually mounted on lathes, cylindrical grinding machines and internal grinding machines, and can also be matched with various indexing devices for use on milling machines and drilling machines. The existing mainstream chuck can be divided into: manual chucks, air chucks and hydraulic chucks.
CN214290904U discloses a six-jaw centering floating back pull chuck (please refer to fig. 1), comprising a chuck body 1, a connection base 2, an air distribution disc 3, a connecting rod 4, a pull rod 5, a floating roller 6, a floating spacer 7, a floating connecting disc 8, a floating diagonal draw rod 9, a centering diagonal draw rod 10 and a fixed clamping jaw 11, wherein one end of the chuck body 1 is provided with the connection base 2, the other end of the chuck body 1 is provided with the air distribution disc 3, the chuck body 1 and the middle part of the connection base 2 are provided with the connecting rod 4, one end of the connecting rod 4 is connected with the pull rod 5, the floating roller 6 is connected with the floating spacer 7, a floating connecting disc 8 is connected with the floating spacer 7, two ends of the floating connecting disc 8 are respectively connected with the floating diagonal draw rod 9 and the centering diagonal draw rod 10, the floating diagonal draw rod 9 and the centering diagonal draw rod 10 are connected with the fixed clamping jaw 11, and a workpiece 12 is fixed on the fixed clamping jaw 11. Wherein, the pull rod 5 is sleeved with a ring sleeve 13, and the ring sleeve 13 is connected with an oil distribution pipe 14; the fixed clamping jaws 11 are distributed in a 360-degree annular mode, and three centering clamping jaws and three floating clamping jaws are arranged in the fixed clamping jaws. The connecting rod 4 is pulled to move downwards continuously by driving the connecting rod 4 to move through the oil cylinder to drive the pull rod 5, the pull rod 5 drives the connecting rod 4 to move, and the connecting rod 4 drives the floating roller 6, and the floating roller 6 is connected with the floating spacer 7 to realize the clamping action of the three floating clamping jaws.
CN115476050a discloses an external cylinder type laser pipe cutting chuck (refer to fig. 2), when the cylinder 5 is in air, a piston rod 52 of the cylinder 5 extends forwards, a connecting flange 53 arranged on the piston rod 52 is driven by a left-right direction clamping jaw driving assembly 6, so that two left-right direction clamping jaws 41 centripetally move left and right from an open state to clamp a workpiece, meanwhile, a cylinder body 51 of the cylinder 5 moves backwards, and two front-back clamping jaws 42 synchronously centripetally move up and down from the open state to clamp the workpiece through the driving of a driving plate connecting rod 55, a cylinder body driving plate 54 and an up-down clamping jaw driving assembly 7; the action process of the left-right clamping jaw transmission assembly 6 is as follows: the pull rod connector 62 fixedly connected with the connecting flange 53 drives the forward thrust of the piston rod 52 to make the two left and right clamping jaws 41 perform centripetal clamping action through the transmission of the first pull rod 61, the supporting connecting seat 63, the two second angular contact ball bearings 64, the first pushing block 67, the two first levers 68 and the two first sliding blocks 69 in sequence; the action process of the up-down clamping jaw transmission assembly 7 is as follows: the second pull rod 71 with the rear end locked on the cylinder driving plate 54 by the pull rod locking nut 72 makes the two up and down clamping jaws 42 perform centripetal clamping actions through the transmission of the two third angular contact ball bearings 73, the second pushing blocks 76, the two second levers 77 and the two second sliding blocks 78 in sequence. When the cylinder 5 is exhausted, the two left-right clamping jaws 41 and the two up-down clamping jaws 42 perform the reset motion in the opposite motion.
In the prior art, in order to clamp or loosen a workpiece, a clamping jaw transmission assembly (generally, a pull rod) generally needs to linearly reciprocate to drive each clamping jaw to perform centripetal clamping motion to clamp the workpiece, or drive each clamping jaw to perform opening motion to loosen the workpiece. Because the driving devices such as the oil cylinder, the oil cylinder and the like are generally linear motion output devices, and the pull rod moves linearly when being matched with the clamping jaw, the output ends of the linear motion output devices are directly connected with the pull rod, so that the clamping jaw clamping action or the opening action can be realized. The motor generally outputs power through rotation, the response speed is high in an execution level, the operation can be accurately performed, but the torque force when the motor rotates is difficult to be converted into the pull rod to move linearly in the chuck, namely, the motor is difficult to be directly connected with the pull rod through an output end so as to realize clamping action or opening action of the clamping jaw.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the application provides a transmission mechanism and an electric chuck.
The application provides a transmission mechanism, which comprises a screw rod, a screw rod nut and a pull rod connecting shaft; the screw rod is provided with a power connecting end used for being connected with the power mechanism, and the screw rod is driven by the power mechanism to rotate; the screw nut is positioned in front of the power connection end, the screw nut is sleeved on the periphery of the screw, the screw nut is matched with the screw through threads, and the screw nut moves back and forth along the axial direction under the drive of the screw rotation; the pull rod connecting shaft is positioned in front of the screw nut and connected with the screw nut, the screw nut drives the pull rod connecting shaft to axially move when axially moving, and the pull rod connecting shaft is used for driving the clamping jaw transmission assembly to axially move.
The transmission mechanism provided by the application can convert the rotation output of a motor and other power mechanisms into linear motion and output the linear motion to the clamping jaw transmission assembly and the clamping jaw, so that the clamping jaw clamping action or the opening action is realized.
Preferably, the transmission mechanism further comprises a transmission shell, the lead screw nut and the pull rod connecting shaft are arranged in the transmission shell, the pull rod connecting shaft is provided with a conveying channel penetrating through the lead screw, the lead screw nut and the pull rod connecting shaft along the axial direction, the pull rod connecting shaft is provided with a heat dissipation through hole along the radial direction of the pull rod connecting shaft, and the heat dissipation through hole is respectively communicated with a cavity of the transmission shell and the conveying channel.
Preferably, the outer side wall of the pull rod connecting shaft is provided with a windward surface, and the windward surface is positioned at the periphery of the heat dissipation through hole; or alternatively
A spiral blade is arranged on one side, close to the heat dissipation through hole, of the outer side wall of the pull rod connecting shaft, extends along the radial direction of the pull rod connecting shaft, and is positioned on the inner side of the heat dissipation through hole; and the pull rod connecting shaft drives the helical blade to rotate when rotating.
Preferably, the front end of the screw rod is sleeved with the rear end of the pull rod connecting shaft, and the screw rod and the pull rod connecting shaft are coaxially arranged; the screw rod and the pull rod connecting shaft are respectively provided with a conveying channel, the conveying channels of the screw rod and the pull rod connecting shaft are communicated, the conveying channels axially penetrate through the front end and the rear end of the screw rod, and the other conveying channel axially penetrates through the front end and the rear end of the pull rod connecting shaft.
Preferably, the rear end of the pull rod connecting shaft is sleeved at the front end of the screw rod, a limiting block is integrally arranged in front of the screw rod nut, and the limiting block is protruded compared with the peripheral wall of the screw rod; the limiting block limits forward movement of the screw nut.
Preferably, the transmission mechanism further comprises a transmission shell, a sliding seat and a graphite copper sleeve, wherein the sliding seat is arranged in the transmission shell together with the graphite copper sleeve, the graphite copper sleeve is sleeved outside the sliding seat, and the outer wall of the graphite copper sleeve is connected with the transmission shell in a sliding way; one end of the sliding seat sleeve is sleeved outside the screw nut and is fixedly connected with the screw nut; the other end of the sliding seat sleeve is sleeved outside the pull rod connecting shaft and is fixedly connected with the pull rod connecting shaft; the inner wall surface of the driver shell is provided with a limiting chute which is concave outwards along the radial direction, and the limiting chute extends along the axial direction; the anti-rotation pin is further arranged on the outer wall of the sliding seat sleeve, and one end, away from the outer wall of the sliding seat sleeve, of the anti-rotation pin is connected in the limiting chute in a sliding mode.
Preferably, the transmission mechanism further comprises two double-row angular contact ball bearings; an inner ring of one double-row angular contact ball bearing is connected to the outer peripheral wall of the lead screw close to the power connection end, and an outer ring of the double-row angular contact ball bearing is fixedly connected with the inner peripheral wall of the driver shell; the other double-row angular contact ball shaft inner ring is sleeved on the pull rod connecting shaft, and the outer ring is arranged on the inner peripheral wall of the sliding seat.
The application further provides an electric chuck, which further comprises a power mechanism, a clamping jaw transmission assembly, clamping jaws and the transmission mechanism; the output end of the power mechanism is connected with the power connecting end of the screw rod of the transmission mechanism, and the power mechanism drives the screw rod to rotate; the input end of the clamping jaw transmission assembly is connected with a pull rod connecting shaft of the transmission mechanism, the output end of the clamping jaw transmission assembly is connected with the clamping jaw, the clamping jaw transmission assembly is driven by the pull rod connecting shaft to move along the axial direction, and the clamping jaw is driven by the clamping jaw transmission assembly to conduct centripetal clamping action or opening action.
Preferably, the power mechanism comprises a motor and a speed reducer, the speed reducer is positioned in front of the motor, the output end of the speed reducer is connected with the connecting end of the screw rod power, and the input end of the speed reducer is in driving connection with the output end of the motor through one of the following:
an input gear and an output gear are respectively arranged at the input end of the speed reducer and the output end of the motor, and the output gear is meshed with the input gear; or the input end of the speed reducer and the output end of the motor are provided with synchronous belts; or the input end of the speed reducer and the output end of the motor are provided with a transmission belt; or the input end of the speed reducer is connected with the output end of the motor through a coupler.
Preferably, the screw rod and the pull rod connecting shaft are respectively provided with a conveying channel, and the conveying channels of the screw rod and the pull rod are communicated; the clamping jaw transmission assembly comprises a pull rod, the output end of the pull rod is connected with the clamping jaw, a conveying channel is also arranged on the pull rod along the axial direction, and the conveying channel of the pull rod is communicated with the conveying channel of the pull rod connecting shaft; an input gear and an output gear which are meshed are respectively arranged at the input end of the speed reducer and the output end of the motor, or belt pulleys are respectively arranged at the input end of the speed reducer and the output end of the motor, and the two belt pulleys are connected through a transmission belt; the input end of the speed reducer is a hollow output shaft, the hollow output shaft penetrates through the speed reducer body, the front end and the rear end of the hollow output shaft are protruded compared with the speed reducer body, the hollow output shaft is communicated with the conveying channel, the hollow output shaft can convey cooling media or workpieces into the conveying channel, and the conveying channel conveys the cooling media or workpieces to the clamping jaws.
Drawings
The foregoing and other objects, features and advantages of the application will be apparent from the following more particular description of preferred embodiments of the application, as illustrated in the accompanying drawings. Like reference numerals refer to like parts throughout the drawings, and the drawings are not intentionally drawn to scale on actual size or the like, with emphasis on illustrating the principles of the application.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a prior art structure in which a jaw is driven by an oil cylinder;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a prior art structure in which a chuck jaw is driven by an air cylinder
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the power mechanism according to the first embodiment;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a power mechanism according to a second embodiment;
FIG. 5 is another cross-sectional view of the power mechanism provided by the second embodiment;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of another embodiment of a tie rod coupling shaft;
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of an electrical chuck according to an embodiment;
FIG. 8 is a schematic structural view of a chuck according to an embodiment;
fig. 9 is a cross-sectional view of the tie rod coupling shaft.
The attached drawings are identified:
a power mechanism 100, a motor 101, an output gear 102, a speed reducer 103, an input gear 104, a hollow output shaft 105 and a coupler 106; the device comprises a transmission mechanism 200, a screw 201, a screw nut 202, a limiting block 203, a pull rod connecting shaft 204, a helical blade 205, a windward side 206, a heat dissipation through hole 207, a conveying channel 208, a transmission shell 209, a sliding seat 210, a double-row angular contact ball bearing 211, an anti-rotation pin 212, a limiting chute 213, a bearing compression ring 214, a flange plate 215, an end cover 216, a graphite copper sleeve 217 and a limiting baffle 218; jaw drive assembly 300, draw bar 301, machine tool spindle 302, spindle mount 303, machine tool platform 304; clamping jaw 400.
Detailed Description
In order that the application may be understood more fully, the application will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
It will be understood that when an element is referred to as being "connected" to another element, it can be directly connected to and integrated with the other element or intervening elements may also be present. The terms "mounted," "one end," "the other end," and the like are used herein for illustrative purposes only.
Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art. The terminology used in the description herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the application. The term "and/or" as used herein includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.
Referring to fig. 3-6, the present application provides a transmission mechanism 200, which includes a screw 201, a screw nut 202 and a pull rod connecting shaft 204; the screw 201 is provided with a power connection end for being connected with the power mechanism 100, and the screw 201 is driven by the power mechanism 100 to rotate; the screw nut 202 is positioned in front of the power connection end, the screw nut 202 is sleeved on the periphery of the screw 201, the screw nut 202 is matched with the screw 201 through threads, and the screw nut 202 moves back and forth along the axial direction under the drive of the rotation of the screw 201; the pull rod connecting shaft 204 is located in front of the screw nut 202, the pull rod connecting shaft 204 is connected with the screw nut 202, and when the screw nut 202 moves axially, the pull rod connecting shaft 204 is driven to move axially, and the pull rod connecting shaft 204 is used for driving the clamping jaw transmission assembly 300 to move axially. The transmission mechanism 200 provided by the application can convert the rotation output of the power mechanism 100 such as the motor 101 into linear motion and output the linear motion to the clamping jaw transmission assembly 300 and the clamping jaw 400, thereby realizing the clamping action or the opening action of the clamping jaw 400.
Referring to fig. 3, the present application provides a first embodiment of a transmission mechanism 200. Preferably, the transmission mechanism 200 comprises a screw 201, a screw nut 202, a pull rod connecting shaft 204, a helical blade 205, a heat dissipation through hole 207, a conveying channel 208, a transmission shell 209, a sliding seat 210, two double-row angular contact ball bearings 211, an anti-rotation pin 212, a limit chute 213, four bearing compression rings 214, a flange 215, an end cover 216, a graphite copper sleeve 217, a limit baffle 218 and a flange 219215 flange 215;
the screw 201 is of a solid structure, the outer side of the solid screw 201 is connected with the speed reducer 103, and the solid screw 201 can be used as a power input shaft to synchronously rotate along with the speed reducer 103 to provide pushing/pulling force. When the machine spindle 302 begins the high speed rotational process, the lead screw 201 remains stationary and torque, and the random bed spindle 302 does not rotate, to ensure that the push/pull force provided (i.e., the jaws 400 of the tool) remains unchanged.
The screw nut 202 is in threaded connection with the screw 201, and when the screw 201 rotates, the nut can translate back and forth, and the screw nut are matched to convert rotation into linear motion.
A double row angular contact ball bearing 211: the first double-row angular contact ball bearing 211 is arranged on the periphery of the screw 201, close to the power connection end, and is used for positioning the screw 201, guaranteeing the screw 201 to be rotatable and free, and bearing larger radial acting force.
The inner ring of the second double-row angular contact ball bearing 211 is sleeved on the pull rod connecting shaft 204, the outer ring of the second double-row angular contact ball bearing is arranged on the inner peripheral wall of the sliding seat 210, radial rotation support can be provided in the use process, and simultaneously, larger axial acting force brought by the pull rod 301 and the lead screw 201 is received.
The first bearing clamping ring 214 is used for clamping the outer ring of the first double-row angular contact ball bearing 211 on one side of the fixed screw 201.
The second bearing clamping ring 214 is used for clamping and fixing the inner ring of the first double-row angular contact ball bearing 211 of the screw 201, so that the installation position of the screw 201 and the bearing is ensured not to change.
The sliding seat 210 is fixedly connected with the screw nut 202 through a bolt, is connected with the pull rod connecting shaft 204 through a double-row angular contact ball bearing 211, and can drive the pull rod connecting shaft 204 to move back and forth simultaneously when the nut slides back and forth. One end of the sliding seat 210 is sleeved outside the screw nut 202 and is fixedly connected with the screw nut 202; the other end of the sliding seat 210 is sleeved outside the pull rod connecting shaft 204 and is fixedly connected with the pull rod connecting shaft 204. The outer wall of the sliding seat 210 is further provided with an anti-rotation pin 212, and the anti-rotation pin 212 is matched with the limit chute 213 and is used for preventing the sliding seat 210 from rotating, so that the sliding seat 210 is driven by the screw rod 201 and the screw nut 202 to move back and forth along the axial direction.
The driver housing 209, its inner wall surface is provided with the spacing spout 213 of radially outwards concave, and spacing spout 213 extends along the axial, and the one end sliding connection of the outer wall of slide holder 210 cover is kept away from to anti-rotating pin 212 is in spacing spout 213, and anti-rotating pin 212 can follow spacing spout 213 axial back and forth movement, but spacing spout 213 axle can prevent anti-rotating pin 212 rotation.
Graphite copper sleeve number one 217: near the power connection end, the sliding seat 210 is sleeved outside, so that support and lubrication are provided for sliding of the sliding seat 210 in the shell, and abrasion is reduced.
The second graphite copper sleeve 217 is far away from the power connection end and sleeved outside the other end of the sliding seat 210, and acts as the first graphite copper sleeve 217 to provide support and lubrication and reduce abrasion.
The spiral blade 205, the spiral blade 205 extends along the radial direction of the pull rod connecting shaft 204, (the installation direction of the spiral blade is along the axial direction, the radial direction is close fit), the spiral blade 205 is positioned at the inner side of the heat dissipation through hole 207; when the screw 201 rotates, the screw blade 205 is driven to rotate; in the conveying channel 208 in the connection of the shaft heat dissipation through hole 207 and the pull rod 301, when the pull rod connecting shaft 204 rotates along with the pull rod 301 at a high speed, the spiral blade 205 which rotates along with the rotation agitates the air in the turnover space, and harmful heat generated by abrasion among all parts in the interior is led out and dissipated to the surrounding environment under the combined action of the through holes in the pull rod connecting shaft 204. The helical blade 205 is in interference fit with the pull rod connecting shaft 204, so that the helical blade 205 is tightly fit in the inner cavity of the pull rod connecting shaft 205.
The rod connection shaft 204, the inner through double row angular contact ball bearing 211 is coupled with the sliding seat 210, the outer is connected with the rod 301 through threads, and the rod connection shaft 204 needs to rotate at a high speed along with the rod 301 during operation and simultaneously transmits pushing/pulling force generated by the screw 201 to the rod 301 for loosening or clamping a workpiece. The pull rod connecting shaft 204 is provided with a conveying passage 208 penetrating the pull rod connecting shaft in the axial direction, the pull rod connecting shaft 204 is provided with a heat dissipation through hole 207 in the radial direction, and the heat dissipation through hole 207 is respectively communicated with a cavity of the driver housing 209 and the conveying passage 208. Screw blade 205 is provided on the outer side wall of screw 201 near heat dissipation through hole 207. The rod connecting shaft 204 needs to rotate at a high speed along with the rod 301 during operation as an output shaft, for example, when the clamping jaw 400 starts to rotate after clamping a workpiece, the rod connecting shaft 204 rotates at a high speed along with the machine spindle 302 due to the connection of the rod 301.
The pull rod connecting shaft 204 is internally connected with the sliding seat 210 through the double-row angular contact ball bearing 211, and the outer part is connected with the pull rod 301, so that the rotation and the axial synchronous operation under the high-tension working state are realized, meanwhile, an active heat dissipation structure is arranged in (on) the shaft, the effective dissipation of harmful heat generated by internal friction during high-speed rotation can be ensured, and the problems of workpiece strength reduction or lubricating oil deterioration and the like caused by internal overheating are avoided. Moreover, when the motor does not provide power, the screw 201 is difficult to rotate under the action of external force to realize position self-locking, the housing of the power mechanism 100 also bears the axial acting force transmitted by the bearing, and simultaneously, the torque of the motor continuously outputs the torque required for keeping the pull rod 301 to clamp the workpiece unchanged in the process of clamping the workpiece by the clamping jaw 400 and processing, so that clamping failure caused by forward and backward sliding and positioning of the screw nut 202 due to the action of external force brought by the pull rod 301 is avoided.
In the examples: the main function of the power mechanism 100 is to convert the rotational motion and torque output by the motor 101 into linear motion and torque, thereby realizing the conversion of the motion direction and realizing the push-pull action. The adoption of the high-precision double-row angular contact ball bearing 211 ensures that the power mechanism 100 can bear larger axial force and radial force simultaneously when rotating at a high speed and clamping and loosening a workpiece, and the maximum rotating speed of the type of bearing can reach 9000RPM to 11000RPM, so that the power mechanism 100 is also suitable for the scene that a machined workpiece has high rotating speed requirement, such as high-speed turning. The screw converts the rotary motion output by the motor 101 into linear motion; the motor 101 may be a servo motor and a general motor; the slide seat 210 is mounted in the driver housing 209 to receive the linear motion of the lead screw nut 202 and the link shaft 204, and is movable linearly with the lead screw nut 202. One end of the pull rod connecting shaft 204 is connected with the sliding seat 210 through the double-row angular contact ball bearing 211, and the other end is connected with the pull rod 301, so that the rotation and the axial synchronous operation under the high-tension working state are realized, meanwhile, an active heat dissipation structure is arranged in (on) the shaft, the effective dissipation of harmful heat generated by internal friction during high-speed rotation can be ensured, and the problems of workpiece strength reduction or lubricating oil deterioration and the like caused by internal overheating are avoided.
Referring to fig. 4 and 6, another embodiment of heat dissipation is implemented by the pull rod connecting shaft 204: the connection mode and function of the pull rod connecting shaft 204 of the present embodiment and the pull rod connecting shaft 204 of the previous embodiment are identical, and the difference is in the air cooling heat dissipation generation structure. The pull rod connecting shaft 204 of the embodiment is provided with a windward side 206, the windward side 206 is located at the periphery of the heat dissipation through hole 207, and the windward side 206 is in a groove shape and is concave inwards along the outer surface of the pull rod connecting shaft 204. Because the outer surface of the pull rod connecting shaft 204 is provided with a plurality of grooves to form a windward side 206, when the pull rod connecting shaft 204 rotates at a high speed, the side wall of the groove can stir ambient air in a windward way, and the compressed air can enter the heat dissipation through holes 207 and enter the conveying channels 208 of the shaft under the guiding action of the windward side 206, so that gas flows to realize air cooling and remove harmful heat in the air cooling. Referring to fig. 9, the heat dissipation through hole 207 is a small hole for secondary air intake, the heat dissipation through hole is a tapered step hole, one end of the heat dissipation through hole close to the inner cavity of the pull rod connecting shaft 204 is smaller, one end close to the windward side 206 is larger, the air is more easily stirred by matching with the windward side 206, and the air is increased to enter the inner cavity of the pull rod connecting shaft 204.
Referring to fig. 4 and 6, compared to the transmission mechanism 200 in fig. 3, the present embodiment provides another hollow screw 201 to realize a conveying channel 208 for conveying a cooling medium or a workpiece to the clamping jaw 400. The middle-solid and hollow screw 201 is distinguished and functions: the structure is characterized in that the center screw 201 of the power mechanism 100 is solid and hollow, the middle screw is solid, and the stroke limiting block 203 of the screw nut 202 adopts a structure of bolts and baffles; the hollow screw 201 is a hollow structure with a hollow center, and the stroke limiting block 203 of the screw nut 202 adopts a baffle nut integrated structure. The action is different: the hollow structure can be connected with cooling water and the like from the tail part of the system and is introduced into a workpiece clamping position from the structure, and the workpiece is cooled from the central position during workpiece processing; as a feed port for processing: for example, when the system is mounted on a lathe, processing can be performed by feeding from the hollow wire structure. Specifically, the front end of the screw rod 201 is sleeved with the rear end of the pull rod connecting shaft 204, and the screw rod 201 and the pull rod connecting shaft 204 are coaxially arranged; the screw 201 and the pull rod connecting shaft 204 are respectively provided with a conveying channel 208, the conveying channels 208 of the screw 201 and the pull rod connecting shaft are communicated, the conveying channel 208 axially penetrates through the front end and the rear end of the screw 201, and the other conveying channel 208 axially penetrates through the front end and the rear end of the pull rod connecting shaft 204. The rear end of the pull rod connecting shaft 204 is sleeved at the front end of the lead screw 201, a limiting block 203 is integrally arranged in front of the lead screw 201 and positioned in front of the lead screw nut 202, the limiting block 203 is protruded compared with the outer peripheral wall of the lead screw 201, and the outer peripheral wall of the limiting block 203 is abutted with the pull rod connecting shaft 204; the stopper 203 moves forward to limit the screw nut 202. Further, the sleeved part of the pull rod connecting shaft 204 and the screw rod 201 is kept in sealing connection through the limiting block 203, so that cooling water can be transported in the conveying channel 208. Of course, the two can be connected in a sealing way and in a rotating way by the prior art. In general, when cooling water is required, a sealing connection is required, while when the spiral blade is arranged in the middle, water is not required. Further, the screw 201 and the pull rod connecting shaft 204 are respectively provided with a conveying channel 208, and the conveying channels 208 of the screw 201 and the pull rod connecting shaft are communicated; the clamping jaw transmission assembly 300 comprises a pull rod 301, wherein the output end of the pull rod 301 is connected with the clamping jaw 400, the pull rod 301 is also provided with a conveying passage 208 along the axial direction, and the conveying passage 208 of the pull rod 301 is communicated with the conveying passage 208 of the pull rod connecting shaft 204; the power mechanism 100 comprises a motor 101 and a speed reducer 103, an input end of the speed reducer 103 and an output end of the motor 101 are respectively provided with an input gear 104 and an output gear 102 which are meshed, an input end of the speed reducer 103 is a hollow output shaft 105, the hollow output shaft 105 penetrates through a body of the speed reducer 103, front and rear ends of the hollow output shaft 105 are protruded compared with the body of the speed reducer 103, the hollow output shaft 105 is communicated with a conveying channel 208, and the hollow output shaft 105 can convey cooling media or workpieces into the conveying channel 208.
Referring to fig. 3-8, another aspect of the present application provides an electric chuck, which further includes a power mechanism 100, a jaw transmission assembly 300, a jaw 400, and the transmission mechanism 200; the output end of the power mechanism 100 is connected with the power connection end of the screw rod 201 of the transmission mechanism 200, and the power mechanism 100 drives the screw rod 201 to rotate; the input end of the clamping jaw transmission assembly 300 is connected with the pull rod connecting shaft 204 of the transmission mechanism 200, the output end of the clamping jaw transmission assembly 300 is connected with the clamping jaw 400, the clamping jaw transmission assembly 300 is driven by the pull rod connecting shaft 204 to move along the axial direction, and the clamping jaw 400 is driven by the clamping jaw transmission assembly 300 to conduct centripetal clamping action or opening action. The clamping jaw 400 may comprise two left-right clamping jaws 400 and two up-down clamping jaws 400; the specific structure of the clamping jaw 400 is the prior art, and will not be described in detail. In use, the two left-right clamping jaws 400 and the two up-down clamping jaws 400 clamp or unclamp a workpiece synchronously from left-right and up-down, respectively.
Preferably, the power mechanism 100 comprises a motor 101 and a speed reducer 103, the speed reducer 103 is positioned in front of the motor 101, an output end of the speed reducer 103 is connected with a power connection end of the screw 201, and an input end of the speed reducer 103 is in driving connection with an output end of the motor 101 in one of the following four ways: an input end of the speed reducer 103 and an output end of the motor 101 are respectively provided with an input gear 104 and an output gear 102, and the output gear 102 is meshed with the input gear 104 (refer to fig. 7). Or the input end of the speed reducer 103 and the output end of the motor 101 are provided with synchronous belts, and the two are in driving connection through the synchronous belts. Or the input end of the speed reducer 103 and the output end of the motor 101 are provided with driving belts, and the two are in driving connection through the driving belts, for example, the input end of the speed reducer 103 and the output end of the motor 101 are respectively provided with belt pulleys, and the two belt pulleys are connected through the driving belts. Or the input end of the speed reducer 103 is connected with the output end of the motor 101 through a coupling 106 (refer to fig. 8); the coupling 106 is installed between the decelerator 103 and the motor 101, replacing the stacked gear structure.
Power mechanism 100: the front and back are respectively connected with the speed reducer 103 and the main shaft of the machine tool workpiece, which mainly converts the rotation motion and torque input by the motor 101 or the speed reducer 103 into linear motion and push-pull force to provide a power source for the pull rod 301 connected at the back, and the structure is used as a core point.
The motor 101 adopts a motor 101 capable of controlling forward and reverse rotation, a power source can be provided for the whole system, the servo motor 101 is adopted as an example, the pull rod 301 is driven to retreat when the motor 101 rotates forward, and the tool clamps a workpiece; when the motor 101 is reversed, the pull rod 301 is pushed forward, and the tool loosens the workpiece. The motor 101 mounting base provides a foundation for motor 101 installation and is simultaneously connected to the actuator housing 209, and the motor 101 mounting base is formed into an integral part after the motor is installed. The output gear 102 is mounted on the rotation shaft of the motor 101, and is coupled with the power input gear 104 on the speed reducer 103, providing power transmission. The protective cover is sleeved at the power connection position of the motor 101 and the speed reducer 103 and is fixedly arranged on the shell of the power mechanism 100 by bolts, so that safety protection is provided. An input gear 104 is mounted on the speed reducer 103 and is coupled as a power input, receives power supplied from the motor 101, and supplies power transmission input to the speed reducer 103. The speed reducer 103 is mounted and fixed on the power mechanism 100, and reduces the power input by the motor 101, increases the torque, and then transmits and outputs the power to the screw 201 of the power mechanism 100 connected with the speed reducer to power the rotation of the screw 201. In this embodiment, RV reducer 103 is used, and other types of reducer 103 such as planetary reducer 103 may be used, where the torque requirement is small, such as when the workpiece is a fragile part or a cutting condition with a small clamping force requirement, no reduction structure is installed, and motor 101 is directly coupled to power mechanism 100.
Pull rod 301: the movable sleeve passes through the inner hole of the main shaft 302 of the machine tool, the front end and the rear end of the movable sleeve are respectively connected to the pull rod connecting shaft 204 of the transmission mechanism 200 and the clamping jaw 400 in a threaded mode, and the pull rod 301 is driven to linearly move forwards and backwards by pushing/pulling force of the pull rod connecting shaft 204, so that the clamping jaw 400 is finally driven to clamp or unclamp a workpiece.
Machine tool spindle 302: the outer shell is fixed in the spindle mounting seat 303, one end of the inner rotating member is fixedly connected with the clamping jaw 400, and the rotating member drives the clamping jaw 400 to rotate when rotating, so that the clamping jaw 400 can be driven to rotate in the process of machining a workpiece to perform cutting machining. On the other hand, the clamping jaw 400 is connected with the pull rod 301, or the rotating piece is connected with the pull rod 301, so that the pull rod 301 rotates, and the pull rod connecting shaft 204 can be driven to rotate.
Machine tool platform 304: is mounted on the machine tool body and is used to mount the machine tool spindle 302.
Jaw 400: is mounted on the workpiece spindle and can clamp and unclamp the workpiece in linkage with the pull rod 301.
In the present application, unless expressly stated or limited otherwise, a first feature "up" or "down" a second feature may be the first and second features in direct contact, or the first and second features in indirect contact via an intervening medium. Moreover, a first feature being "above," "over" and "on" a second feature may be a first feature being directly above or obliquely above the second feature, or simply indicating that the first feature is level higher than the second feature. The first feature being "under", "below" and "beneath" the second feature may be the first feature being directly under or obliquely below the second feature, or simply indicating that the first feature is less level than the second feature.
While embodiments of the present application have been shown and described above, it will be understood that the above embodiments are illustrative and not to be construed as limiting the application, and that variations, modifications, alternatives and variations may be made to the above embodiments by one of ordinary skill in the art within the scope of the application.
Claims (10)
1. The transmission mechanism is characterized by comprising a screw rod, a screw rod nut and a pull rod connecting shaft; the screw rod is used for being connected with the power mechanism and driven by the power mechanism to rotate; the screw nut is positioned at the front end of the screw, the screw nut is matched with the screw through threads, and the screw nut is driven by the screw to move back and forth along the axial direction; the pull rod connecting shaft is positioned in front of the screw nut and connected with the screw nut, and the screw nut is driven to axially move when axially moving.
2. The transmission mechanism according to claim 1, further comprising a driver housing, wherein the lead screw, the lead screw nut and the pull rod connecting shaft are disposed in the driver housing, the pull rod connecting shaft is provided with a conveying passage passing therethrough in an axial direction, and the pull rod connecting shaft is provided with a heat dissipation through hole in a radial direction thereof, the heat dissipation through hole being respectively communicated with a cavity of the driver housing and the conveying passage.
3. The transmission mechanism according to claim 2, wherein a windward side is arranged on the outer side wall of the pull rod connecting shaft, and the windward side is positioned on the periphery of the heat dissipation through hole; or alternatively
A spiral blade is arranged on one side, close to the heat dissipation through hole, of the outer side wall of the pull rod connecting shaft, extends along the radial direction of the pull rod connecting shaft, and is positioned on the inner side of the heat dissipation through hole; and the pull rod connecting shaft drives the helical blade to rotate when rotating.
4. The transmission mechanism according to claim 1, wherein the front end of the lead screw is sleeved with the rear end of the pull rod connecting shaft, and the lead screw and the pull rod connecting shaft are coaxially arranged; the screw rod and the pull rod connecting shaft are respectively provided with a conveying channel, the conveying channels of the screw rod and the pull rod connecting shaft are communicated, the conveying channels axially penetrate through the front end and the rear end of the screw rod, and the other conveying channel axially penetrates through the front end and the rear end of the pull rod connecting shaft.
5. The transmission mechanism according to claim 1, wherein the rear end of the pull rod connecting shaft is sleeved at the front end of the screw rod, a limiting block is integrally arranged in front of the screw rod nut, and the limiting block is protruded compared with the peripheral wall of the screw rod; the limiting block limits forward movement of the screw nut.
6. The transmission mechanism according to claim 1, further comprising a driver housing, a sliding seat and a graphite copper sleeve, wherein the sliding seat is arranged in the driver housing together with the graphite copper sleeve, the graphite copper sleeve is sleeved outside the sliding seat, and the outer wall of the graphite copper sleeve is connected with the driver housing in a sliding manner; one end of the sliding seat sleeve is sleeved outside the screw nut and is fixedly connected with the screw nut; the other end of the sliding seat sleeve is sleeved outside the pull rod connecting shaft and is fixedly connected with the pull rod connecting shaft; the inner wall surface of the driver shell is provided with a limiting chute which is concave outwards along the radial direction, and the limiting chute extends along the axial direction; the anti-rotation pin is further arranged on the outer wall of the sliding seat sleeve, and one end, away from the outer wall of the sliding seat sleeve, of the anti-rotation pin is connected in the limiting chute in a sliding mode.
7. The transmission mechanism as recited in claim 6, further comprising two double row angular contact ball bearings; an inner ring of one double-row angular contact ball bearing is connected to the outer peripheral wall of the lead screw close to the power connection end, and an outer ring of the double-row angular contact ball bearing is fixedly connected with the inner peripheral wall of the driver shell; the other double-row angular contact ball shaft inner ring is sleeved on the pull rod connecting shaft, and the outer ring is arranged on the inner peripheral wall of the sliding seat.
8. An electric chuck, characterized in that it further comprises a power mechanism, a jaw drive assembly, a jaw and a drive mechanism according to any one of claims 1 to 7; the output end of the power mechanism is connected with the power connecting end of the screw rod of the transmission mechanism, and the power mechanism drives the screw rod to rotate; the input end of the clamping jaw transmission assembly is connected with a pull rod connecting shaft of the transmission mechanism, the output end of the clamping jaw transmission assembly is connected with the clamping jaw, the clamping jaw transmission assembly is driven by the pull rod connecting shaft to move along the axial direction, and the clamping jaw is driven by the clamping jaw transmission assembly to conduct centripetal clamping action or opening action.
9. The electric chuck as set forth in claim 8, wherein the power mechanism includes a motor and a decelerator, the decelerator being located in front of the motor, an output end of the decelerator being connected to the connection end of the screw power, an input end of the decelerator being drivingly connected to the motor output end by one of:
an input gear and an output gear are respectively arranged at the input end of the speed reducer and the output end of the motor, and the output gear is meshed with the input gear; or the input end of the speed reducer and the output end of the motor are provided with synchronous belts; or the input end of the speed reducer and the output end of the motor are provided with a transmission belt; or the input end of the speed reducer is connected with the output end of the motor through a coupler.
10. The electric chuck as set forth in claim 9, wherein the screw and the pull rod connecting shaft are respectively provided with a conveying passage, and the conveying passages of the screw and the pull rod are communicated; the clamping jaw transmission assembly comprises a pull rod, the output end of the pull rod is connected with the clamping jaw, a conveying channel is also arranged on the pull rod along the axial direction, and the conveying channel of the pull rod is communicated with the conveying channel of the pull rod connecting shaft; the power mechanism comprises a motor and a speed reducer; an input gear and an output gear which are meshed are respectively arranged at the input end of the speed reducer and the output end of the motor, or belt pulleys are respectively arranged at the input end of the speed reducer and the output end of the motor, and the two belt pulleys are connected through a transmission belt; the input end of the speed reducer is a hollow output shaft, the hollow output shaft penetrates through the speed reducer body, the front end and the rear end of the hollow output shaft are protruded compared with the speed reducer body, the hollow output shaft is communicated with the conveying channel, the hollow output shaft can convey cooling media or workpieces into the conveying channel, and the conveying channel conveys the cooling media or workpieces to the clamping jaws.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202311065478.8A CN116921722A (en) | 2023-08-23 | 2023-08-23 | Transmission mechanism and electric chuck |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202311065478.8A CN116921722A (en) | 2023-08-23 | 2023-08-23 | Transmission mechanism and electric chuck |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN116921722A true CN116921722A (en) | 2023-10-24 |
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202311065478.8A Pending CN116921722A (en) | 2023-08-23 | 2023-08-23 | Transmission mechanism and electric chuck |
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| Country | Link |
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| CN (1) | CN116921722A (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN117620240A (en) * | 2023-12-08 | 2024-03-01 | 广州市德善数控科技有限公司 | Machine tool with electric clamping system |
-
2023
- 2023-08-23 CN CN202311065478.8A patent/CN116921722A/en active Pending
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN117620240A (en) * | 2023-12-08 | 2024-03-01 | 广州市德善数控科技有限公司 | Machine tool with electric clamping system |
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